rating

rating
EN) procedure
Procedure
operating for manual dispensing
procedure tools dispensing tools
for manual

Standard Operating Procedure

Standard operating procedure for manual dispensing tools

Copyright© 2019 Eppendorf AG, Germany. All rights reserved, including graphics and
images. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the prior permission of the
copyright owner.
Eppendorf® and the Eppendorf Brand Design are registered trademarks of Eppendorf AG,
Germany.
Biomaster®, Combitips®, Combitips advanced®, Combitips plus®, ep Dualfilter T.I.P.S.®,
epT.I.P.S.®, Eppendorf Varitips®, Eppendorf Reference®, Eppendorf Reference® 2,
Eppendorf Research®, Eppendorf Xplorer®, Eppendorf Xplorer® plus, Mastertip®,
Maxipettor®, Multipette®, Multipette stream®, Multipette Xstream®, Repeater®,
Varipette® and Varispenser® are registered trademarks of Eppendorf AG, Germany.
Eppendorf Top Buret ™ is a protected trademark of Eppendorf AG, Germany.
Registered trademarks and protected trademarks are not marked in all cases with ® or ™
in this manual.
U.S. Design Patents are listed on [Link]/ip

ASOP P39 020-11/052019

 Table of contents
Standard Operating Procedure 3/90
English (EN)

Table of contents

1 Operating instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.1 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2 Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.3 Version overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.4 Supported dispensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.4.1 Mechanical piston stroke pipettes – air-cushion principle . . . . . . 13
1.4.2 Electronic piston stroke pipettes – air-cushion principle . . . . . . . 13
1.4.3 Mechanical piston stroke pipettes – hybrid system . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.4.4 Mechanical piston stroke pipettes – positive displacement 
principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.4.5 Mechanical multiple-dispensers – positive displacement 
principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.4.6 Electronic multiple-dispensers – positive displacement 
principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.4.7 Mechanical single stroke dispensers – positive displacement
principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.4.8 Mechanical bottle-top burette – positive displacement 
principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2 Cleaning and service information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

2.1 Cleaning and maintaining piston stroke pipettes - air-cushion principle . . . 15
2.1.1 Single-channel pipettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.1.2 Multi-channel pipettes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.2 Cleaning piston-stroke pipettes – Positive displacement principle. . . . . . . . 16
2.3 Cleaning the multi-dispenser – Positive displacement principle . . . . . . . . . 16
2.4 Cleaning the single stroke dispenser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.5 Cleaning bottle-top burets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.6 Decontamination before shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3 Error causes and solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4 Test intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

5 Types of tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.1 Visual inspection of all dispensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.2 Visual inspection of single stroke dispensers and bottle-top burets . . . . . . 20
5.3 Checking leak tightness of dispensers with air cushion principle . . . . . . . . 20
5.3.1 Dispensing system is leak-tight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.3.2 Dispensing system is not leak-tight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.4 Checking the leak tightness of dispensers with positive displacement
principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.5 Intermediate check – Quick-Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.6 Conformity test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
 Table of contents
4/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

6 Prerequisites for gravimetric testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

6.1 Measuring place setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1.1 Analytical balance and weighing vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1.2 Measuring place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.2 Test liquid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.3 Test tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.4 Data transfer and data evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.5 Other test conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

7 Performing the calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

7.1 Preparing the measuring place for calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.1.1 Preparing the dispenser, test liquid and analytical balance . . . . . 26
7.1.2 Preparing a reusable 384 box for multi-channel pipettes 
with 16 channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.1.3 Preparing a reusable 384 box for multi-channel pipettes 
with 24 channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.1.4 Preparing the documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.2 Checklists for the preparation of the calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.2.1 A – Test conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.2.2 B – Test liquid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.2.3 C – Dispenser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.2.4 D – Analytical balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.2.5 E – Calibrating software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.3 Conducting a series of measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.3.1 Nominal volume. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.3.2 Number of measured values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.3.3 Number of equipped tip cones - 8-channel and 12-channel 
lower parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.3.4 Number of equipped tip cones - 16-channel and 24-channel 
lower parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.3.5 Testing volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.3.6 Overview of the calibration procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.3.7 Determining measured values - mechanical single-channel 
pipettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.3.8 Determining measured values - mechanical multi-channel 
pipettes with 4.5 mm cone distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.3.9 Test run I and II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7.3.10 Determining measured values - mechanical multi-channel 
pipettes with 9 mm cone distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.3.11 Determining measured values - electronic single-channel 
pipettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7.3.12 Determining measured values - electronic multi-channel 
pipettes with 4.5 mm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7.3.13 Test run I and II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7.3.14 Determining measured values - electronic multi-channel 
pipettes with 9 mm cone distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
 Table of contents
Standard Operating Procedure 5/90
English (EN)

7.3.15 Determining measured values - hybrid systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

7.3.16 Determining measured values - mechanical 
multiple-dispensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
7.3.17 Determining measured values - electronic 
multiple-dispensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.3.18 Determining measured values - mechanical 
single stroke dispensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.3.19 Determining measured values - mechanical bottle-top burette . . 39

8 Evaluating the calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

8.1 Converting gravimetric measured values to volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8.2 Correction factor Z . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
8.3 Calculating the arithmetic mean volume value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
8.4 Calculating the systematic error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
8.4.1 Absolute systematic error of measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
8.4.2 Relative systematic error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
8.5 Calculating the random error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
8.5.1 Absolute random error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
8.5.2 Relative random error of measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
8.6 Test report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.6.1 Tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.6.2 Dispenser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.6.3 Test tip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.6.4 Analytical balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.6.5 Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.6.6 Test conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.6.7 Test method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.6.8 Measurement series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.6.9 Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
8.6.10 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

9 Permissible errors of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

9.1 Test conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
9.1.1 Multipette E3/E3x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
9.1.2 Multipette stream/Xstream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
9.1.3 Research pro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
9.1.4 Xplorer/Xplorer plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
9.2 Biomaster – Error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
9.3 Multipette E3/E3x – Repeater E3/E3x - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . 51
9.4 Multipette M4 – Repeater M4 - error of measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
9.5 Multipette plus – Repeater plus - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
9.6 Multipette/Repeater stream/Xstream - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 56
9.7 Reference - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
9.7.1 Reference - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume . . . . . . . . . 57
9.7.2 Reference - Single-channel pipette with variable volume . . . . . . . 58
 Table of contents
6/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.8 Reference 2 - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.8.1 Reference 2 - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume. . . . . . . . 59
9.8.2 Reference 2 - Single-channel pipette with variable volume . . . . . 60
9.8.3 Reference 2 - Multi-channel pipette with variable volume . . . . . . 61
9.9 Research - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
9.9.1 Research - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume . . . . . . . . . . 62
9.9.2 Research - Single-channel pipette with variable volume . . . . . . . 63
9.9.3 Research - Multi-channel pipette with variable volume . . . . . . . . 64
9.10 Research plus - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
9.10.1 Research plus - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume . . . . . . 65
9.10.2 Research plus - Single-channel pipette with variable volume. . . . 66
9.10.3 Research plus - Multi-channel pipettes with fixed cone spacing . 67
9.11 Research pro - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
9.11.1 Research pro - Single-channel pipette with variable volume . . . . 68
9.11.2 Research pro - Multi-channel pipette with variable volume . . . . . 69
9.12 Top Buret M/H - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
9.12.1 Top Buret M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
9.12.2 Top Buret H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
9.13 Varipette - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
9.13.1 Maxipettor - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
9.14 Varispenser/Varispenser plus - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
9.14.1 Varispenser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
9.14.2 Varispenser plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
9.15 Xplorer/Xplorer plus - error of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
9.15.1 Xplorer/Xplorer plus - Single-channel pipette with 
variable volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
9.15.2 Xplorer/Xplorer plus - Multi-channel pipettes with 
fixed cone spacing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
9.16 Maximum permissible errors according to EN ISO 8655 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
9.16.1 Example - Reference 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
9.16.2 Air-cushion pipettes with fixed and variable volume . . . . . . . . . . 77
9.16.3 Positive displacement pipettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
9.16.4 Multi-dispenser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
9.16.5 Single stroke dispenser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
9.16.6 Piston burets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

10 Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
10.1 Adjusting in case of deviating calibration results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
10.1.1 Checking the reasons for a dispensing deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
10.2 Adjusting in case of deviating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
 Operating instructions
Standard Operating Procedure 7/90
English (EN)

1 Operating instructions
1.1 Glossary

A
Accuracy
Accuracy of the actual value compared to the set value.
Additional volume
The total of the remaining stroke and the reverse stroke.
Adjustment
Mechanical change to the piston stroke, so that the error of measurement compared to
the set value is as small as possible and within the device specification.
Air-cushion principle
Design characteristic of piston-stroke pipettes. An air cushion separates the liquid in the
plastic tip from the piston inside the pipette. The piston moves the air cushion, which acts
like an elastic spring.
Autoclaving
Thermal procedure to destroy microorganisms and disable viruses and enzymes. DNA is
not destroyed completely. The items to be autoclaved are placed in water vapor in a
pressure vessel at 121 °C and a positive pressure of 1000 hPa (1 bar) for 20 minutes.

B
Blow out
Movement of the piston into the lower position to blow out any residual liquid from the
pipette tip. During pipetting operations, the liquid from the blow-out is part of the
dispensing volume. During reverse pipetting operations, the liquid is not part of the
dispensing volume.
Bottle-top buret
Piston burets are used for dispensing liquids until external criteria (such as, pH,
conductivity) have been met. Dispenser for dispensing large amounts of fluid. Maximum
dispensable volume is equal to the bottle's contents. This group includes the Top Buret M
and the Top Buret H.
Bottle-top dispenser
Dispenser which can dispense liquid once per aspiration. This group includes the
Varispenser and the Varispenser plus.

C
Calibration
Measuring process to reliably and reproducibly determine and document the error of
measurement of a dispenser.
 Operating instructions
8/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

Combitips advanced
Dispensing tip for all Eppendorf Multipettes and Repeaters. Dispenser tips are single-use
consumables which function using the positive displacement principle and consist of a
piston and a cylinder.
Cycle
Together, the upward piston movement (liquid aspiration) and downward piston
movement (liquid dispensing) form a cycle.

D
Dispenser
A dispenser is a dispensing device that works according to the positive displacement
principle. Multi-dispensers and single stroke dispensers are available.
Dispensing step
Dispensing of the set partial volume with instruments working according to the positive
displacement principle and electronic pipettes.
Dispensing system
A dispensing system consists of a dispenser and a matching dispensing tip.
Dispensing volume
Volume per dispensing step.

E
epT.I.P.S.
Eppendorf AG brand name for pipette tips without filter.

F
Fixed-volume pipette
The volume that can be dispensed is fixed and cannot be changed.
Free jet dispensing
Dispensing of liquid without the dispensing tip (pipette tip, dispenser tip) touching the
tube inner wall.

G
Gravimetric volume test
Mass determination for a dispensed volume under laboratory conditions. The dispensed
volume is calculated based on the weight of the amount of liquid and the density value at
the measuring temperature.

I
Increment
Step size or resolution. The smallest possible change by which a value can be increased.
 Operating instructions
Standard Operating Procedure 9/90
English (EN)

ISO 8655
The standard defines limit values for the systematic error, the random error and the test
methods for dispensers.

L
Leak tightness
Impermeability to air or liquid. Dispensers must ensure that the area between the liquid
and the piston is leak tight.

M
Maximum permissible errors
Specification of the highest or lowest permissible deviation of the dispensed volume from
the nominal or useful volume range. For the maximum permissible errors, the systematic
and the random errors are specified. The maximum permissible errors are specified in
accordance with ISO 8655 and in accordance with manufacturer limits of Eppendorf AG.
Maximum volume
The maximum volume that can be used for dispensing.
Multi-dispenser
Dispensers that can dispense liquid multiple times per filling volume. The
multi-dispensers include all Multipettes/Repeaters. Multi-dispensers are also referred to
as manual dispensers.

N
Nominal volume
The maximum dispensing volume of a dispensing system specified by the manufacturer.

P
Piston-stroke pipette
The piston in the pipette moves up or down depending on the task. The liquid is aspirated
into a pipette tip.
Positive displacement principle
Design characteristic of piston-stroke dispensers. The liquid is in direct contact with the
piston of the dispensing tip (Combitip) during aspiration and dispensing operations.
Precision
The scattering range of the measured values around the set value. A small scattering
range represents a high level of precision. A large scattering range represents a low level
of precision.

R
Rack
Mount for tubes or pipette tips.
 Operating instructions
10/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

Random error
Imprecision. A measure for the scattering (standard deviation) of the measured values
around the average value.
Remaining stroke
Liquid reserve. The liquid which remains after all dispensing steps have been completed.
Residual stroke lock
The residual stroke lock prevents dispensing of an incorrect volume if there is not enough
liquid available for the dispensing volume.
Reverse stroke
After liquid aspiration, the piston is moved to a defined initial position. Liquid is
dispensed during the piston movement. The reverse stroke is not a dispensing step.

S
Single stroke dispenser
Dispensing device that works according to the positive displacement principle. Single
stroke dispensers are also referred to as bottle-top dispensers. The entire aspirated
volume is dispensed in one go.
Stroke
The stroke is the distance traveled by the piston.
Systematic error
Inaccuracy. Deviation of the average value of the dispensed volumes from the selected
volume.

T
Tube
A micro test tube or a single well in a plate.

V
Vapor pressure
This term refers to the pressure exerted by the vapor of a material (solid or liquid) in an
enclosed container. The vapor is in equilibrium with the solid or liquid phase of the
material. The vapor pressure increases when the temperature increases. Each pure liquid
has a vapor pressure of 1013 hPa (mbar) at boiling point. Volume errors caused by high
vapor pressure can be reduced by prewetting the tip.
Viscosity
Viscosity describes the viscidity of liquids and suspensions. The dynamic or absolute
viscosity is indicated in Pa·s or in mPa·s. In older literature, the unit P or cP is used (1
mPa·s corresponds to 1 cP). At room temperature, a 50% glycerol solution has a viscosity
of approx. 6 mPa·s. As the glycerol concentration increases, viscosity increases
considerably. Absolutely anhydrous glycerol has a viscosity of approx. 1480 mPa·s at
room temperature.
 Operating instructions
Standard Operating Procedure 11/90
English (EN)

W
Wall dispensing
Dispensing liquid against the tube wall. The pipette tip or the dispensing tip is held
against the tube inner wall and the liquid is dispensed.

Z
Z factor
Also referred to as correction factor Z. The Z factor is used to convert a mass at a certain
temperature and atmospheric pressure into a volume.

1.2 Preface
This version describes the procedure for calibrating multi-channel lower parts with 16
and 24 [Link] 16 and 24 channel lower parts have a cone spacing of 4.5 [Link]
analytical balances available on the market have the smallest load cell spacing of 9
[Link] there is currently no international standard for the calibration of multichannel
bases with a cone spacing of 4.5 mm, ISO 8655 is not fully applicable.
The standard test instruction summarizes the requirements for the test place, the
necessary preparations, the execution of the test series and the evaluation of the
measurement results, which are necessary for the calibration of a manual dispenser
(mechanical and electronic).
In the first step it is necessary to maintain the dispenser (e.g. cleaning).In order to
maintain the clarity of this document, reference is made to the corresponding operating
manual for product-specific [Link] leak test provides information on whether
the dispensing system is leak-proof or [Link], it does not make any statements
concerning the actual performance of the pipette and does not replace a general check by
calibration.
The next step is the testing of the device, i.e. [Link] is based on the data from
ISO 8655-6 for gravimetric testing.
For pipettes, another step can follow:If it is determined during calibration that the pipette
is not operating within the specified error limits, the instrument can be
[Link] may be carried out only if errors due to handling, system or test
equipment are excluded.
 Operating instructions
12/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

1.3 Version overview

Version Issue date Change
number
11 2019-05 • 16-channel and 24-channel pipettes added to preface
• Calibration instruction of 16-channel and 24-channel pipettes
added
• Calibration instructions for multiple-channel pipettes specified
more precisely
• Correction of the measured value deviations for Multipette M4
and Multipette E3/E3x
• New volume models added to measured value deviations
(Research plus and Xplorer plus)
• New tables for measuring value deviations of 16-channel/
24-channel pipettes added (Research plus and Xplorer/Xplorer
plus)
• Editorial text corrections
10 2016-04 • Chapter structure and contents completely revised and updated
• Gravimetric testing of positive displacement systems with 30
measured values added
• Product-specific information on cleaning, maintenance,
autoclaving and adjustment [Link] to the respective
operating manual.
• Calculation errors corrected
• Formulas adjusted
• Flow charts for the calibration procedure inserted
• Multipette E3/E3x - Repeater E3/E3x added
• Leak test adapted to current pipettes
• Glossary expanded
• Title and title photo changed
09 2014-01 • Document number updated
08 2013-05 • Pipette Reference 2 added
07 2013-04 • Design change
 Operating instructions
Standard Operating Procedure 13/90
English (EN)

1.4 Supported dispensers

The standard test Instruction can be used for the following dispensers:

1.4.1 Mechanical piston stroke pipettes – air-cushion principle

• Reference
• Reference 2
• Research
• Research plus

1.4.2 Electronic piston stroke pipettes – air-cushion principle

• Research pro
• Xplorer
• Xplorer plus

1.4.3 Mechanical piston stroke pipettes – hybrid system

• Varipette + Varitip S-System – Air-cushion principle
• Maxipettor + Maxitip S-System – Air-cushion principle
• Varipette + Varitip P – Positive displacement principle
• Maxipettor + Maxitip P – Positive displacement principle

1.4.4 Mechanical piston stroke pipettes – positive displacement principle

• Biomaster

1.4.5 Mechanical multiple-dispensers – positive displacement principle

• Multipette M4/Repeater M4
• Multipette/Repeater
• Multipette plus/Repeater plus

1.4.6 Electronic multiple-dispensers – positive displacement principle

• Multipette E3/E3x – Repeater E3/E3x
• Multipette stream/Repeater stream
• Multipette Xstream/Repeater Xstream
 Operating instructions
14/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

1.4.7 Mechanical single stroke dispensers – positive displacement principle

• Varispenser
• Varispenser plus

1.4.8 Mechanical bottle-top burette – positive displacement principle

• Top Burette M
• Top Burette H
 Cleaning and service information
Standard Operating Procedure 15/90
English (EN)

2 Cleaning and service information

Regular cleaning and service of the dispensers ensures that the specified errors of
measurement are complied with. How often a dispenser has to be cleaned and serviced
depends on the utilization intensity and the dispensed chemicals. In the case of intensive
use or if aggressive chemicals are dispensed, shorter cleaning intervals are feasible.
Eppendorf recommends keeping a service log for the dispensers or recording service
details in the calibration protocol.
Information on cleaning, upkeep, maintenance, sterilization and disinfection can be found
in the operating manual of the respective dispensers. The specifications in the
"Maintenance" chapter of the operating manual of the respective dispenser must be
complied with.

The operating manuals are available from the website 

[Link]/manuals.
Cleaning/service must be performed prior to a calibration.
Exception: If the current state of the dispenser is to be recorded to draw conclusions
about analysis results, a calibration prior to service may be feasible. In this case, a second
calibration is performed after cleaning/service.

2.1 Cleaning and maintaining piston stroke pipettes - air-cushion principle

2.1.1 Single-channel pipettes
1. Clean the exterior of the housing.
2. Remove, clean and dry the lower part.
3. If necessary, autoclave the pipette.
4. Check piston seal for damage.
5. Replace damaged piston seal.
6. If necessary, lubricate the piston or cylinder.
7. Assemble the lower part.
8. Check the leak tightness.
 Cleaning and service information
16/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

2.1.2 Multi-channel pipettes

1. Clean the exterior of the housing.
2. Remove, clean and dry the lower part.
3. If necessary, autoclave the pipette.
4. Open the multi-channel lower part.
5. Check piston seal for damage.
6. Replace damaged piston seals.
7. If necessary, lubricate cylinder.
8. Assemble the lower part.
9. Replace the O-rings of the tip cones (100 μL – 1200 μL).
[Link] the leak tightness.
Only use the “grease for pipettes” by Eppendorf [Link] grease is autoclavable
and ensures optimum slide properties of the [Link] long as the grease is not
contaminated, it does not have to be [Link] grease can be ordered as an
accessory.

2.2 Cleaning piston-stroke pipettes – Positive displacement principle

In the case of piston-stroke pipettes with positive displacement system, the piston is
integrated in the pipette tip. This design feature protects the internal assemblies of the
pipette against contamination.
 Clean the outside of the pipette.

2.3 Cleaning the multi-dispenser – Positive displacement principle

In the case of multi-dispensers, the piston is integrated in the dispensing tip. This design
feature protects the internal assemblies of the multi-dispenser against contamination.
 Clean the outside of the dispenser.

2.4 Cleaning the single stroke dispenser

Single stroke dispensers are cleaned on the outside and the inside.
1. Clean the outside of the housing.
2. Flush the tube and piston system multiple times with a neutral cleaning solution.
3. Flush the tube and piston system multiple times with demineralized water.
 Cleaning and service information
Standard Operating Procedure 17/90
English (EN)

2.5 Cleaning bottle-top burets

In the case of bottle-top burets, the piston comes into direct contact with the liquid to be
dispensed. The dispenser must therefore be cleaned on the outside and the inside. The
Top Buret is not autoclavable.
1. Clean the outside of the housing.
2. Flush the tube and piston system multiple times with a neutral cleaning solution.
3. Flush the tube and piston system multiple times with demineralized water.
4. Check leak tightness.

2.6 Decontamination before shipment

CAUTION! Use of a contaminated device may result in personal injury and

damage to the device.
 Clean and decontaminate the device in accordance with the cleaning
instructions before shipping or storage.

Hazardous substances are:

• solutions presenting a hazard to health
• potentially infectious agents
• organic solvents and reagents
• radioactive substances
• proteins presenting a hazard to health
• DNA
1. Please note the information in the document "Decontamination certificate for product
returns".
It is available as PDF document on our website [Link]/decontamination.
2. Enter the serial number of the device in the decontamination certificate.
3. Enclose the completed decontamination certificate for returned goods with the device.
4. Send the device to Eppendorf AG or an authorized service center.
 Error causes and solutions
18/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

3 Error causes and solutions

Problem Cause Solution

Pipette is dripping • Pipette tip is loose.  Attach pipette tip again.
• Incorrect pipette tip used.  Use original Eppendorf
pipette tip.
• Piston is damaged.  Exchange piston and piston
seal.
• Seal is damaged.  Replace seal.
• Liquid with slightly increased  Pre-wet pipette tip several
vapor pressure used. times.
• Liquid with high vapor  Use positive-displacement
pressure used. device.
Wrong dispensing • Dispensing tip is not  Use new dispensing tip.
volume of leak-tight.
multi-dispensers
• Dispensing tip is too warm.  Ensure even temperature.
Control button is stiff • Piston is contaminated.  Clean and grease piston.
• Seal is contaminated.  Clean seal.
• Seal is damaged.  Exchange seal.
• Piston is damaged.  Replace piston.
• Solvent vapors entered the  Remove and disassemble
pipette. lower part.
 Clean and grease piston.
 Test intervals
Standard Operating Procedure 19/90
English (EN)

4 Test intervals
The change of the systematic and random error is a gradual process. It is especially
accelerated by aggressive chemicals. There is no general rule or basis of calculation for
determining sensible time intervals.
Calibration results documented over a longer period can be used to draw conclusions as
to an individual calibration frequency.
Test intervals can be specified by laboratory regulations. ISO 8655 requires annual
calibration.
Shorter time intervals regarding maintenance, service and calibration depend on the
factors:
• Frequency of use
• Accuracy required from the dispenser
• Handling
• Chemicals
• Laboratory regulations
 Types of tests
20/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

5 Types of tests
There are different methods for testing a dispensing system. The easiest and most
frequently performed check is a visual inspection for damage to and contamination of the
dispenser. The individual test methods are described in the following chapters.
A calibration can be performed with the following processes:
• Titrimetric
• Photometric
• Gravimetric (reference process ISO 8655)

5.1 Visual inspection of all dispensers

 Inspect the tip cone for scratches or cracks.
 Inspect the dispenser for broken parts.
 Inspect the dispenser for external impurities.
 Check if the piston runs freely.

5.2 Visual inspection of single stroke dispensers and bottle-top burets

 Exchange liquid in case of crystallization.
 Clean the dispenser.
 Vent the system if air bubbles form.

5.3 Checking leak tightness of dispensers with air cushion principle

Prerequisites
• Ambient temperature is constant
• Ambient temperature is between 20 °C – 25 °C
• Relative humidity > 50 %
• epT.I.P.S. test tip
• Test liquid: demineralized water
• Dispenser, test tip and test liquid are at ambient temperature
1. Set pipette to nominal volume.
2. Attach the pipette tip.
3. Fill and empty the pipette tip 5 times.
This saturates the vapor phase in the air cushion and no more test liquid evaporates.
4. Aspirate nominal volume.
5. Hang the pipette into a holder in vertical position.
The pipette can be held vertically with two fingers. The hand temperature must
not be transferred to the pipette.
 Types of tests
Standard Operating Procedure 21/90
English (EN)

5.3.1 Dispensing system is leak-tight

The dispensing system is leak-tight if no liquid drop forms at the pipette tip within 15
seconds.

5.3.2 Dispensing system is not leak-tight

The dispensing system is not leak-tight if a liquid drop forms at the pipette tip within 15
seconds.
1. Check the assembly of the pipette.
2. Check the piston seal for damage.
Exchange defective piston seal.
3. Repeat tightness test.

5.4 Checking the leak tightness of dispensers with positive displacement

principle
In positive displacement systems, the tightness is determined exclusively by the
dispensing [Link] dispensing tips are single-use items and may leak during prolonged
use.
In case of the single stroke dispensers and the bottle-top burette, air in the tube system is
an indication of leakage in the piston/cylinder [Link] leakage can be caused by
crystallization, defective seals, a defect in the piston system or in the cylinder system.
 Remove crystallization from the device.
 If the cleaned device continues to leak, send the device to an authorized service center.

5.5 Intermediate check – Quick-Check

The Quick-Check is a shortened calibration with 4 measurements per [Link] 4
measured values the statistical safety is not [Link] Quick-Check is therefore no
substitute for a complete calibration with 10 measured values per volume.
If the measurement results are outside the specified tolerances, the dispenser must be
calibrated.

5.6 Conformity test

A complete calibration corresponds to a conformity test. A conformity test with a positive
result confirms that the errors of measurement of a dispenser are within the required
tolerances.
The conformity test tests if a dispensing system is within the specified measuring
tolerances. For this purpose, a calibration with 10 measured values per volume is
performed. The user can freely determine the thresholds within the ISO thresholds. In
calibration laboratories tests are typically performed according to the manufacturer
thresholds and conformity with these thresholds is assessed.
 Prerequisites for gravimetric testing
22/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

6 Prerequisites for gravimetric testing

To avoid a distortion of the measuring results, errors caused by test equipment and test
method must be minimized.

6.1 Measuring place setup

A fully equipped measuring place consists of:
• Analytical balance (for single-channel pipettes)
• Analytical balance with several load cells (for multi-channel pipettes)
• Evaporation protection (e.g. evaporation trap)
• Thermometer
• Hygrometer
• Barometer
• Storage container for test liquid
• Test liquid (demineralized water)
• Test tips

6.1.1 Analytical balance and weighing vessel

Leading balance manufacturers offer special weighing vessels and evaporation protection
(e.g. evaporation trap) for gravimetric testing of [Link] use of such devices results
in stable weight [Link] errors caused by evaporation are significantly
reduced, especially with small volumes.
The analytical balance must meet the following requirements:
• Balance operates within the prescribed weighing tolerances
• Fast and stable display of weighing results
• Resolution of the balance suitable for the test volume

Nominal volume dispenser Resolution of the balance

1 μL – 10 μL 0.001 mg
10 μL – 100 μL 0.01 mg
100 μL – 1000 μL 0.1 mg
1 mL – 10 mL 0.1 mg
10 mL – 200 mL 1 mg

The weighing vessel should meet the following requirements:

• Lockable
• Size suitable for test volume
• Ratio of height to diameter of at least 3:1
 Prerequisites for gravimetric testing
Standard Operating Procedure 23/90
English (EN)

6.1.2 Measuring place

The measuring place should meet the following requirements:
• Draft-free
• Vibration-free workplace
• Relative humidity > 50 %
• Ambient temperature 15 °C – 30 °C, ±0,5 °C
• No direct heat radiation

6.2 Test liquid

Distilled or demineralized water is used as test liquid. The reservoir for the test liquid
should be sealable with a lid. This protects the test liquid from a drop in temperature due
to evaporative cooling and dust particles do not contaminate the test liquid.
The test liquid must meet the following requirements (ISO 3696):
• Conductivity: ≤ 0.5 mS/m at 25 °C
• Water temperature corresponds to ambient temperature
• Degassed or at equilibrium with air

6.3 Test tips

All Eppendorf pipettes and dispensers must be tested with original Eppendorf pipette tips
or dispensing tips.
• Piston stroke pipettes - epT.I.P.S.
• Multipettes and Repeaters - Combitip advanced
• Biomaster - Mastertip P
• Maxipettor - Maxitip P or Maxitip S-System
• Varipette - Varitip P or Varitip S-System

6.4 Data transfer and data evaluation

A calibration software is a useful means to automatically record the measured values
obtained with gravimetric methods, convert measured values into corrected volumes and
calculate the errors of measurement from these values.

6.5 Other test conditions

The duration of the test cycle (time required for weighing a dispensed volume) must be as
short as possible. ISO 8655 specifies a maximum time of 60 seconds. For all listed
dispensers, the inspection is performed by determining the dispensing volume in the
weighing vessel (ex).
 Performing the calibration
24/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

7 Performing the calibration

A calibration involves various steps that are described in this [Link] following diagram
provides an overview of the individual steps.

Symbol Meaning
Start or end of the procedure.

A single action or a sequence of actions in the procedure.

A branching and decision in the procedure.

 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 25/90
English (EN)

Abb. 7-1:Complete calibration procedure

START

clean

Yes
Leaking?

No

Yes
repair Defective?

No

calibrate adjust

No
Tolerance
OK?
Yes

Certificate

END

Fig. 7-1: Complete calibration procedure

 Performing the calibration
26/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

7.1 Preparing the measuring place for calibration

7.1.1 Preparing the dispenser, test liquid and analytical balance
Prerequisites
• Dispenser has been cleaned.
• Defective parts of the dosing unit have been replaced.
• Dispenser has been decontaminated if necessary.
 Fill the test liquid.
 Have the dispenser and pipette tips ready for use at the measuring place.
 Allow the dispenser, pipette tips and test liquid to acclimatize for at least 2 hours in the
test room.

7.1.2 Preparing a reusable 384 box for multi-channel pipettes with 16 channels
The reusable boxes must be prepared so that one reusable box contains all odd rows of
pipette tips and the other reusable box contains all even rows of pipette tips.
Abb. 7-2:Reusable boxes for test runs I and II

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
I II
Fig. 7-2: Reusable boxes for test runs I and II
 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 27/90
English (EN)

7.1.3 Preparing a reusable 384 box for multi-channel pipettes with 24 channels
The reusable boxes must be prepared so that one reusable box contains all odd columns
of pipette tips and the other reusable box contains all even columns of pipette tips.
Abb. 7-3:Reusable boxes for test runs I and II

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

I II
Fig. 7-3: Reusable boxes for test runs I and II

7.1.4 Preparing the documentation

 Print the checklist.
 Print the test report or prepare an Excel list.
 Start the calibrating software.

7.2 Checklists for the preparation of the calibration

The following checklists can be used in preparation to ensure that all necessary
equipment is available at the time of [Link] this reason, the tables contain
checkbox columns (Yes, No, Not available).
The checklist is divided into the following sections:
• A – Test conditions
• B – Test liquid
• C – Dispenser
• D – Analytical balance
• E – Calibrating software
 Performing the calibration
28/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

7.2.1 A – Test conditions

Number Description Yes No

A01 Vibration-free weighing table is available.
A02 Dispenser, pipette tips, test liquid etc. have ambient
temperature.
A03 The measuring place is draft-free.
A04 Ambient temperature is between 15 °C – 30 °C
A05 Relative humidity is > 50 %
A06 Document temperature, humidity and air pressure.
A07 The tester can operate the dosing unit.
A08 Document test data (name of tester, date, etc.).
A09 Specify test method (manufacturer's specifications, ISO,
laboratory standard, etc.).
A10 Liquid discharge into the weighing vessel (Ex)

7.2.2 B – Test liquid

Number Description Yes No Not

available
B01 Test liquid is available (according to ISO 3696).
B02 Test liquid has ambient temperature.
B03 Larger vessels are filled at least 2 h before
calibration.
B04 Evaporation trap is filled with test liquid at least 2 h
before calibration.
B05 Prefill weighing vessel with test liquid (approx.
3 mm).
B06 Bottle-top burette:Test liquid is filled at least 2 hours
before calibration.
B07 Bottle-top dispenser:Test liquid is filled at least 2
hours before calibration.

7.2.3 C – Dispenser

Number Description Yes No Not

available
C 01 Dispenser has been cleaned.
C 02 Defective parts have been replaced.
 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 29/90
English (EN)

Number Description Yes No Not

available
C 03 Electronic dispenser:Battery is charged.
C 04 Electronic multiple-dispenser:Mode “Dispensing” is
set.
C 05 Electronic pipette:Mode “Pipetting” is set.
C 06 Mechanical dispenser:Nominal volume has been
determined.
C 07 Dispensing system with variable volume:Test volume
is set.
C 08 Piston-stroke pipette:The pipette tip has been
attached correctly.
C 09 Multi-dispenser:Dispenser tip has been inserted.

7.2.4 D – Analytical balance

Number Description Yes No

D 01 Balance is aligned horizontally.
D 02 The balance is calibrated or a valid calibration certificate is
available.
D 03 Sensitivity is set according to the test volume.
D 04 Weighing vessel volume is sufficient for 10 liquid discharges of
the nominal volume.
D 05 Balance is switched on at least 2 h before calibration.

7.2.5 E – Calibrating software

Number Description Yes No Not

available
E 01 Computer is switched on and connected to the
analytical balance.
E 02 Calibration software can record the measured values.
E 03 Calibration software and analytical balance are ready
for communication.
 Performing the calibration
30/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

7.3 Conducting a series of measurements

The measured values of a series of measurements should be determined at the same
[Link] reduces the risk of errors or deviations between the measured values.

7.3.1 Nominal volume

The nominal volume of a piston-stroke pipette is imprinted and is the largest adjustable
volume.
For mechanical dispensers, the nominal volume depends on:
• the selector dial position
• the volume of the dispenser tip
For electronic dispensers, the nominal volume depends on the volume of the dispenser tip
and the largest adjustable volume.

7.3.2 Number of measured values

Single-channel pipette with variable volume:
• 10 measured values per testing volume
Multi-channel pipettes:
• 10 measured values per channel for each testing volume

Channels Measured values

4 120
6 160
8 240
12 360
16 480
24 720

7.3.3 Number of equipped tip cones - 8-channel and 12-channel lower parts
All channels must be equipped with a pipette tip and filled with test liquid, even
if only one channel can be measured gravimetrically.

7.3.4 Number of equipped tip cones - 16-channel and 24-channel lower parts
Multi-channel pipettes with a cone spacing of 4.5 mm must be calibrated in two
[Link] technical reasons, only every second channel can be measured in one
test run (minimum distance between two load cells is 9 mm).
 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 31/90
English (EN)

7.3.5 Testing volume

For variable volume pipettes, the following volumes are checked in this order:
• 10% of the nominal volume or the smallest adjustable volume (select the larger of the
two volumes)
• 50% of the nominal volume
• 100 % of the nominal volume, or
• Optional: freely selectable test volume (e.g. requirement from laboratory regulation)

7.3.6 Overview of the calibration procedures

Differences between the device groups become apparent during the calibration
[Link] following overview illustrates this.
 Performing the calibration
32/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

Abb. 7-4:Calibration procedure of the device groups

Single stroke dispenser

Piston-stroke pipette Multi-dispenser
Bottle-top buret

Attach testing tip Attach testing tip

10 % 10 % 10 %
50 %
Set 50 %
Set 50 %
Set
100 %
testing volume 100 %
testing volume 100 %
testing volume

5× 1× Aspire without
Aspirate/dispense Aspirate/dispense air bubbles

Dispensing test Dispensing test Dispensing test

10× 10× 10×

Measured values Measured values Measured values

3 3 3
Series of Series of Series of
measurements measurements measurements
No No No

Yes Yes Yes

END END END

Fig. 7-4: Calibration procedure of the device groups

 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 33/90
English (EN)

7.3.7 Determining measured values - mechanical single-channel pipettes

Prerequisites
• Test tip has been attached.

The test tip can be used for the entire calibration.

1. Adjust the test volume.

2. Absorb and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
3. Immerse test tip a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
4. Maintain immersion depth and absorb the test liquid slowly and evenly.
5. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
6. Remove the test tip from the liquid.
7. Place the test tip on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
8. Perform test dispensing procedure.
9. Determine measured values for each test volume.

7.3.8 Determining measured values - mechanical multi-channel pipettes with

4.5 mm cone distance
For multi-channel pipettes with a cone spacing of 4.5 mm, the measured values for a test
volume must be determined in two test [Link] test run I, all channels with odd numbers
are measured and in test run II, all channels with even numbers are measured.
Abb. 7-5:Equipping the tip cones for test runs I and II

1 3 5 ... I 2 4 6 ... II
Fig. 7-5: Equipping the tip cones for test runs I and II
 Performing the calibration
34/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

7.3.9 Test run I and II

Prerequisites
• A reusable box with pipette tips for test run I has been prepared
• A reusable box with pipette tips for test run II has been prepared
1. Take up pipette tips for test run I.
2. Adjust the test volume.
3. Absorb and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
4. Immerse test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
5. Maintain immersion depth and absorb the test liquid slowly and evenly.
6. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
7. Remove the test tips from the liquid.
8. Place the test tips on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
9. Perform test dispensing procedure.
[Link] measured values for the test volume.
[Link] the test tips.
[Link] up pipette tips for test run II.
[Link] and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
[Link] test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
[Link] immersion depth and absorb the test liquid slowly and evenly.
[Link] until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
[Link] the test tips from the liquid.
[Link] the test tips on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
[Link] test dispensing procedure.
[Link] measured values for the test volume.
[Link] measured values for each test volume using test runs I and II.
 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 35/90
English (EN)

7.3.10 Determining measured values - mechanical multi-channel pipettes with 9

mm cone distance
Prerequisites
• Test tips have been attached to all channels.

The test tips can be used for the entire calibration.

Each channel must be tested [Link] this purpose, either an analytical balance
with one load cell per channel or a device with a drain channel is used to discard the
liquid from the other channels.
1. Adjust the test volume.
2. Absorb and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
3. Immerse test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
4. Maintain immersion depth and absorb the test liquid slowly and evenly.
5. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
6. Remove the test tips from the liquid.
7. Place the test tip of the channel to be tested on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
8. Perform test dispensing procedure.
9. Determine measured values for each channel and for each test volume.

7.3.11 Determining measured values - electronic single-channel pipettes

The electronic pipettes are only tested in one operating [Link] of measurement
occur equally in all operating modes.A correction has an equivalent effect on all modes.

The test tips can be used for the entire calibration.

1. Set absorption speed and dispensing speed.

2. Set the operating mode.
3. Attach the test tip.
4. Adjust the test volume.
5. Absorb and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
6. Immerse test tip a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
7. Maintain immersion depth and absorb test liquid.
8. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
9. Remove the test tip from the liquid.
[Link] the test tip on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
[Link] the test liquid to the tube inner wall.
[Link] measured values for each test volume.
 Performing the calibration
36/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

7.3.12 Determining measured values - electronic multi-channel pipettes with

4.5 mm
For multi-channel lower parts with a cone spacing of 4.5 mm, the measured values for a
test volume must be determined in two test [Link] minimum distance between two load
cells is 9 mm. In test run I, all channels with odd numbers are measured and in test run II,
all channels with even numbers are measured.
The electronic pipettes are only tested in one operating [Link] of measurement
occur equally in all operating modes.A correction has an equivalent effect on all modes.
Abb. 7-6:Equipping the tip cones for test runs I and II

1 3 5 ... I 2 4 6 ... II
Fig. 7-6: Equipping the tip cones for test runs I and II

7.3.13 Test run I and II

Prerequisites
• A reusable box with pipette tips for test run I has been prepared
• A reusable box with pipette tips for test run II has been prepared
1. Take up pipette tips for test run I.
2. Set absorption speed and dispensing speed (see Test conditions on p. 49).
3. Set the operating mode (see Test conditions on p. 49).
4. Adjust the test volume.
5. Absorb and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
6. Immerse test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
7. Maintain immersion depth and absorb test liquid.
8. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
9. Slowly remove the test tips from the liquid.
[Link] the test tips on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
[Link] test dispensing procedure.
[Link] measured values for the test volume.
[Link] the pipette tips.
[Link] up pipette tips for test run II.
[Link] and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 37/90
English (EN)

[Link] test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.

[Link] immersion depth and absorb test liquid.
[Link] until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
[Link] remove the test tips from the liquid.
[Link] the test tips on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
[Link] test dispensing procedure.
[Link] measured values for the test volume.
[Link] measured values for each test volume using test runs I and II.

7.3.14 Determining measured values - electronic multi-channel pipettes with 9

mm cone distance
The electronic pipettes are only tested in one operating [Link] of measurement
occur equally in all operating modes.A correction has an equivalent effect on all modes.

The test tips can be used for the entire calibration.

1. Set absorption speed and dispensing speed.

2. Set the operating mode.
3. Attach a test tip to each channel.
4. Adjust the test volume.
5. Absorb and dispense the test liquid 5 times.
6. Immerse test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
7. Maintain immersion depth and absorb test liquid.
8. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
9. Slowly remove the test tips from the liquid.
[Link] the test tip of the channel to be tested on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
[Link] test dispensing procedure.
[Link] measured values for each test volume.
 Performing the calibration
38/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

7.3.15 Determining measured values - hybrid systems

Depending on the test tip used, a hybrid system (Varipette/Maxipettor) operates
according to the air-cushion principle or the positive displacement [Link],
the measured values must be determined after the procedure for mechanical
single-channel pipettes or after the procedure for mechanical multiple-dispensers.

Use the same dispensing tip as the test tip as the standard one used in your
laboratory.
1. Insert the test tip.
2. Adjust the test volume.
3. Carry out calibration according to the test tip used.
4. Perform test dispensing procedure.
5. Determine measured values for each test volume.

7.3.16 Determining measured values - mechanical multiple-dispensers

Eppendorf recommends the use of the 5-mLCombitips advanced, as the quality control
results of a new multiple-dispenser are obtained using this [Link], it is
permissible to use any other Combitips advanced for [Link] specifies the
maximum permissible errors for all Combitips advanced.
• Selector dial position 1 corresponds to 10% of the nominal volume
• Selector dial position 5 corresponds to 50 % of the nominal volume
• Selector dial position 10 corresponds to 100 % of the nominal volume
1. Insert the test tip.
2. Adjust the test volume.
3. Immerse test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
4. Maintain immersion depth and absorb test liquid.
5. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
6. Slowly remove the test tips from the liquid.
7. Place the test tip on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
8. Perform test dispensing procedure.
9. Determine measured values for each test volume.
 Performing the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 39/90
English (EN)

7.3.17 Determining measured values - electronic multiple-dispensers

Eppendorf recommends the use of the 5-mLCombitips advanced, as the quality control
results of a new multiple-dispenser are obtained using this [Link], it is
permissible to use any other Combitips advanced for [Link] specifies the
maximum permissible errors for all Combitips advanced.
1. Set operating mode Dis.
2. Insert the test tip.
3. Adjust the test volume.
4. Immerse test tips a few millimeters vertically in the test liquid.
5. Maintain immersion depth and absorb test liquid.
6. Wait until the liquid absorption is finished (several seconds).
7. Slowly remove the test tips from the liquid.
8. Place the test tip of the channel to be tested on the tube inner wall at a steep angle.
9. Perform test dispensing procedure.
[Link] measured values for each test volume.

7.3.18 Determining measured values - mechanical single stroke dispensers

1. Place a beaker on the analytical balance.
2. Adjust the test volume.
3. Absorb test liquid free of air bubbles.
4. Perform test dispensing procedure.
5. Determine measured values for each test volume.

7.3.19 Determining measured values - mechanical bottle-top burette

1. Place a beaker on the analytical balance.
2. Remove air bubbles from the dispensing system.
3. Perform test dispensing procedure.
4. Determine measured values for the test volume.
 Evaluating the calibration
40/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

8 Evaluating the calibration

To determine the performance of dispensers, the systematic and random error are
identified. A conclusion can only be drawn from the combination of both errors of
measurement.
Abb. 8-1:Distribution of measured values

1 2

3 4

Fig. 8-1: Distribution of measured values

1 Poor precision and accuracy 3 Poor precision, good accuracy

2 Good precision and accuracy 4 Good precision, poor accuracy

The systematic and random error are calculated in the following steps:
• Convert mass value into volume
• Calculate the average value of the measured volume values
• Calculate the systematic and random error
 Evaluating the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 41/90
English (EN)

8.1 Converting gravimetric measured values to volumes

The gravimetrically determined measured values must be converted into volume
[Link] correction factor Z takes into account the density of water as a function of
temperature and air pressure.

 Multiply the measured gravimetric value

by the correction factor Z.
The result is the measured volume value.

Formula symbol Meaning

Correction factor
Measured gravimetric value
Volume value
 Evaluating the calibration
42/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

8.2 Correction factor Z

Tabular overview of the correction values for distilled water depending on temperature
and atmospheric pressure.

Temperature Correction factor Z in μL/mg

in °C 800 hPa 850 hPa 900 hPa 950 hPa 1000 hPa 1013 hPa 1050 hPa
15 1.0017 1.0018 1.0019 1.0019 1.0020 1.0020 1.0020
15.5 1.0018 1.0019 1.0019 1.0020 1.0020 1.0020 1.0021
16 1.0019 1.0020 1.0020 1.0021 1.0021 1.0021 1.0022
16.5 1.0020 1.0020 1.0021 1.0021 1.0022 1.0022 1.0022
17 1.0021 1.0021 1.0022 1.0022 1.0023 1.0023 1.0023
17.5 1.0022 1.0022 1.0023 1.0023 1.0024 1.0024 1.0024
18 1.0022 1.0023 1.0023 1.0024 1.0025 1.0025 1.0025
18.5 1.0023 1.0024 1.0024 1.0025 1.0025 1.0026 1.0026
19 1.0024 1.0025 1.0025 1.0026 1.0026 1.0027 1.0027
19.5 1.0025 1.0026 1.0026 1.0027 1.0027 1.0028 1.0028
20 1.0026 1.0027 1.0027 1.0028 1.0028 1.0029 1.0029
20.5 1.0027 1.0028 1.0028 1.0029 1.0029 1.0030 1.0030
21 1.0028 1.0029 1.0029 1.0030 1.0031 1.0031 1.0031
21.5 1.0030 1.0030 1.0031 1.0031 1.0032 1.0032 1.0032
22 1.0031 1.0031 1.0032 1.0032 1.0033 1.0033 1.0033
22.5 1.0032 1.0032 1.0033 1.0033 1.0034 1.0034 1.0034
23 1.0033 1.0033 1.0034 1.0034 1.0035 1.0035 1.0036
23.5 1.0034 1.0035 1.0035 1.0036 1.0036 1.0036 1.0037
24 1.0035 1.0036 1.0036 1.0037 1.0037 1.0038 1.0038
24.5 1.0037 1.0037 1.0038 1.0038 1.0039 1.0039 1.0039
25 1.0038 1.0038 1.0039 1.0039 1.0040 1.0040 1.0040
25.5 1.0039 1.0040 1.0040 1.0041 1.0041 1.0041 1.0042
26 1.0040 1.0041 1.0041 1.0042 1.0042 1.0043 1.0043
26.5 1.0042 1.0042 1.0043 1.0043 1.0044 1.0044 1.0044
27 1.0043 1.0044 1.0044 1.0045 1.0045 1.0045 1.0046
27.5 1.0045 1.0045 1.0046 1.0046 1.0047 1.0047 1.0047
28 1.0046 1.0046 1.0047 1.0047 1.0048 1.0048 1.0048
28.5 1.0047 1.0048 1.0048 1.0049 1.0049 1.0050 1.0050
29 1.0049 1.0049 1.0050 1.0050 1.0051 1.0051 1.0051
29.5 1.0050 1.0051 1.0051 1.0052 1.0052 1.0052 1.0053
30 1.0052 1.0052 1.0053 1.0053 1.0054 1.0054 1.0054
 Evaluating the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 43/90
English (EN)

8.3 Calculating the arithmetic mean volume value

Calculate the mean value from the volume values.

 Divide the sum of the volume values by

the number of measurements.
Result:arithmetic mean of the volume
values.

Formula symbol Meaning

Mean volume value

Volume value
Number of measurements
 Evaluating the calibration
44/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

8.4 Calculating the systematic error of measurement

The systematic error of measurement is the measure of the deviation of the mean volume
value from the target value of the dispensed volume.

8.4.1 Absolute systematic error of measurement

 Subtract the set test volume from the

mean volume value.
Result: absolute error of measurement in
= −− volume.

8.4.2 Relative systematic error of measurement

 Multiply the absolute error of

measurement by 100 and divide it by the
(− − ) · 100 % test volume.
= Result: relative error of measurement in
percent.

Formula symbol Meaning

Systematic error of measurement
Mean volume value
Testing volume
 Evaluating the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 45/90
English (EN)

8.5 Calculating the random error of measurement

The standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion of the individual values around the
mean volume value of the dispensed volume.

8.5.1 Absolute random error of measurement

 Calculate the standard deviation of the

volume value.
Result:absolute random error of
measurement.

8.5.2 Relative random error of measurement

 Multiply the absolute error of

measurement by 100 and divide it by the
100 % · mean volume value.
= Result:proportional random error of
measurement.

Formula symbol Meaning

Repeated standard deviation
Number of measurements
Testing volume

Mean volume value

Coefficient of variation
 Evaluating the calibration
46/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

8.6 Test report

The calibration results and all influencing factors must be [Link] following
chapters describe the contents of a test report.

8.6.1 Tester

Name
First name
Department
Calibration date

8.6.2 Dispenser

Manufacturer
Type
Model number
Nominal volume
Serial number

8.6.3 Test tip

Manufacturer
Designation
Volume
Lot number

8.6.4 Analytical balance

Manufacturer
Model
Serial number
Last calibration

8.6.5 Adjustment

Basis for adjustment (Ex)

Adjustment carried out by
 Evaluating the calibration
Standard Operating Procedure 47/90
English (EN)

8.6.6 Test conditions

Air temperature °C
Air pressure hPa
Relative humidity %
Test liquid temperature °C

8.6.7 Test method

ISO 8655
Laboratory regulation
Manufacturer’s specifications
Other

8.6.8 Measurement series

Measurement series 1
Measured
values

Actual value Set value Assessment

Average value
Systematic error of
measurement
Random error of measurement
Comment

Measurement series 2
Measured
values

Actual value Set value Assessment

Average value
Systematic error of
measurement
Random error of measurement
Comment
 Evaluating the calibration
48/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

Measurement series 3
Measured
values

Actual value Set value Assessment

Average value
Systematic error of
measurement
Random error of measurement
Comment

8.6.9 Cleaning

Name
First name
Department
Date
Comment

8.6.10 Maintenance

Name
First name
Department
Date
Replaced parts
Comment
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 49/90
English (EN)

9 Permissible errors of measurement

The tables with the errors of measurement are sorted alphabetically by product
name in this chapter.

9.1 Test conditions

Test conditions and test evaluation in compliance with ISO 8655, Part 6. Tested using a
standardized analytical balance with evaporation protection.

The three largest testing volumes per tip (10 %, 50 %, 100 % of the nominal
volume) correspond to the specifications in accordance with ISO 8655, Part 2 or
Part 5. The test is to be carried out with these three testing volumes for testing of
the systematic and random error in compliance with the standard. The smallest
adjustable volume serves to provide additional information.
• Number of determinations per volume: 10
• Water according to ISO 3696
• Inspection at 20°C – 27°C
Maximum temperature variation during measurement ±0.5°C
• Dispensing onto the tube inner wall

9.1.1 Multipette E3/E3x

• Operating mode: Dis
• Test with a completely filled Combitip advanced
• Speed level: 5

9.1.2 Multipette stream/Xstream

• Operating mode: Dis
• Speed level: 7

9.1.3 Research pro

• Operating mode: Pip
• Speed level: Maximum

9.1.4 Xplorer/Xplorer plus

• Operating mode: Standard pipetting (Pip)
• Speed level: 5
 Permissible errors of measurement
50/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.2 Biomaster – Error of measurement

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement
Mastertip volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
1 μL – 20 μL 20 μL 2 μL 6.0 0.12 4.0 0.08
light gray light gray 3 μL 5.0 0.15 3.0 0.09
52 mm
5 μL 4.0 0.2 2.0 0.1
10 μL 3.0 0.3 1.5 0.15
20 μL 2.0 0.4 0.8 0.16
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 51/90
English (EN)

9.3 Multipette E3/E3x – Repeater E3/E3x - error of measurement

Test tip Volume range Testing Error of measurement
Combitips volume systematic random
advanced
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 mL 1 μL – 100 μL 1 μL 11 0.11 14 0.14
white 10 μL 1.6 0.16 2.5 0.25
50 μL 1 0.5 1.5 0.75
100 μL 1 1 0.5 0.5
0.2 mL 2 μL – 200 μL 2 μL 4 0.08 5.5 0.11
light blue 20 μL 1.3 0.26 1.5 0.3
100 μL 1 1 1 1
200 μL 1 2 0.5 1
0.5 mL 5 μL – 500 μL 5 μL 3 0.15 6 0.3
violet 50 μL 0.9 0.45 0.8 0.4
250 μL 0.9 2.25 0.5 1.25
500 μL 0.9 4.5 0.3 1.5
1 mL 10 μL – 1000 μL 10 μL 3.5 0.35 7 0.7
yellow 100 μL 0.9 0.9 0.55 0.55
500 μL 0.6 3 0.3 1.5
1000 μL 0.6 6 0.2 2
2.5 mL 25 μL – 2500 μL 25 μL 2 0.5 3.5 0.875
green 250 μL 0.8 2 0.45 1.125
1250 μL 0.5 6.25 0.3 3.75
2500 μL 0.5 12.5 0.15 3.75
5 mL 50 μL – 5000 μL 50 μL 2.5 1.25 6 3
blue 500 μL 0.8 4 0.35 1.75
2500 μL 0.5 12.5 0.25 6.25
5000 μL 0.5 25 0.15 7.5
10 mL 0.1 mL – 10 mL 0.1mL 1.5 1.5 3.5 3.5
orange 1 mL 0.5 5 0.25 2.5
5 mL 0.4 20 0.25 12.5
10 mL 0.4 40 0.15 15
 Permissible errors of measurement
52/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

Test tip Volume range Testing Error of measurement

Combitips volume systematic random
advanced
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
25 mL 0.25 mL – 25 mL 0.25 mL 2.5 6.25 3 7.5
red 2.5 mL 0.3 7.5 0.35 8.75
12.5 mL 0.3 37.5 0.25 31.25
25 mL 0.3 75 0.15 37.5
50 mL 0.5 mL – 50 mL 0.5 mL 2 10 3 15
light gray 5 mL 0.3 15 0.5 25
25 mL 0.3 75 0.2 50
50 mL 0.3 150 0.15 75

Test tip Volume range Testing volume Error of measurement

ViscoTip systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
10 mL 0.1 mL – 10 mL 0.1mL [1.5] [1.5] [3.5] [3,5]
orange 1 mL 0.5 5 0.25 2.5
5 mL 0.4 20 0.25 12.5
10 mL 0.4 40 0.15 15
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 53/90
English (EN)

9.4 Multipette M4 – Repeater M4 - error of measurement

Test tip Dispensing volume Testing volume Error of measurement
Combitips systematic random
advanced
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 mL 1 μL – 20 μL 1 μL 8 0.08 13 0.13
white 2 μL 1.6 0.032 3 0.06
10 μL 1.2 0.12 2.4 0.24
20 μL 1 0.2 2 0.4
0.2 mL 2 μL – 40 μL 2 μL 6 0.12 8 0.16
light blue 4 μL 1.3 0.052 2 0.08
20 μL 0.8 0.16 1.5 0.3
40 μL 0.8 0.32 1.5 0.6
0.5 mL 5 μL – 100 μL 5 μL 4 0.2 8 0.4
violet 10 μL 0.9 0.09 1.5 0.15
50 μL 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6
1 mL 10 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 4 0.4 8 0.8
yellow 20 μL 0.9 0.18 0.9 0.18
100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.8
2.5 mL 25 μL – 500 μL 25 μL 4 1 8 2
green 50 μL 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4
250 μL 0.6 1.5 0.6 1.5
500 μL 0.5 2.5 0.3 1.5
5 mL 50 μL – 1000 μL 50 μL 3 1.5 5 2.5
blue 100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
500 μL 0.5 2.5 0.5 2.5
1000 μL 0.5 5 0.25 2.5
10 mL 0.1 mL – 2 mL 0.1 mL 3 3 4 4
orange 0.2 mL 0.5 1 0.6 1.2
1 mL 0.5 5 0.4 4
2 mL 0.5 10 0.25 5
 Permissible errors of measurement
54/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

Test tip Dispensing volume Testing volume Error of measurement

Combitips systematic random
advanced
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
25 mL 0.25 mL – 5 mL 0.25 mL 3 7.5 3 7.5
red 0.5 mL 0.4 2 0.6 3
2.5 mL 0.3 7.5 0.5 12.5
5 mL 0.3 15 0.25 12.5
50 mL 0.5 mL – 10mL 0.5 mL 6 30 10 50
light gray 1 mL 0.3 3 0.5 5
5 mL 0.3 15 0.5 25
10 mL 0.3 30 0.25 25

Test tip Dispensing volume Testing volume Error of measurement

ViscoTip systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
10 mL 0.1 mL – 2 mL 0.1 mL n/a n/a n/a n/a
orange 0.2 mL 8 16 4 8
1 mL 1.6 16 0.8 8
2 mL 0.8 16 0.5 8
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 55/90
English (EN)

9.5 Multipette plus – Repeater plus - error of measurement

Test tip Volume range Testing volume Error of measurement
Combitips systematic random
advanced
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 mL 1 μL – 20 μL 2 μL 1.6 0.032 3.0 0.06
white 10 μL 1.2 0.12 2.4 0.24
20 μL 1.0 0.2 2.0 0.4
0.2 mL 2 μL – 40 μL 4 μL 1.3 0.052 2.0 0.08
light blue 20 μL 0.8 0.16 1.5 0.3
40 μL 0.8 0.32 1.5 0.6
0.5 mL 5 μL – 50 μL 10 μL 0.9 0.09 1.5 0.15
violet 50 μL 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6
1 mL 10 μL – 200 μL 20 μL 0.9 0.18 0.9 0.18
yellow 100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.8
2.5 mL 25 μL – 500 μL 50 μL 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4
green 250 μL 0.6 1.5 0.6 1.5
500 μL 0.5 2.5 0.3 1.5
5 mL 50 μL – 1000 μL 100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
blue 500 μL 0.5 2.5 0.5 2.5
1000 μL 0.5 5.0 0.25 2.5
10 mL 0.1 mL – 2 mL 0,2 mL 0.5 1.0 0.6 1.2
orange 1 mL 0.5 5 0.4 4
2 mL 0.5 10 0.25 5.0
25 mL 0.25 mL – 5 mL 0,5 mL 0.4 2.0 0.6 3.0
red 2.5 mL 0.3 7.5 0.5 12.5
5 mL 0.3 15 0.25 12.5
50 mL 0.5 mL – 10 mL 1 mL 0.3 3.0 0.5 5.0
light gray 5 mL 0.3 15 0.5 25
10 mL 0.3 30 0.25 25
 Permissible errors of measurement
56/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.6 Multipette/Repeater stream/Xstream - error of measurement

Test tip Volume range Testing Error of measurement
Combitips volume systematic random
advanced
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 mL 1 μL – 100 μL 10 μL 1.6 0.16 2.5 0.25
white 50 μL 1.0 0.5 1.5 0.75
100 μL 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5
0.2 mL 2 μL – 200 μL 20 μL 1.3 0.26 1.5 0.3
light blue 100 μL 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
200 μL 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.0
0.5 mL 5 μL – 500 μL 50 μL 0.9 0.45 0.8 0.4
violet 250 μL 0.9 2.25 0.5 1.25
500 μL 0.9 4.5 0.3 1.5
1 mL 10 μL – 1000 μL 100 μL 0.9 0.9 0.55 0.55
yellow 500 μL 0.6 3.0 0.3 1.5
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.00
2.5 mL 25 μL – 2500 μL 250 μL 0.8 2.0 0.45 1.125
green 1250 μL 0.5 6.25 0.3 3.75
2500 μL 0.5 12.5 0.15 3.75
5 mL 50 μLd – 5000 μL 500 μL 0.8 4.0 0.35 1.75
blue 2500 μL 0.5 12.5 0.25 6.25
5000 μL 0.5 25 0.15 7.50
10 mL 0.1 mL – 10 mL 1 mL 0.5 5 0.25 2.5
orange 5 mL 0.4 20 0.25 12.5
10 mL 0.4 40 0.15 15
25 mL 0.25 mL – 25 mL 2.5 mL 0.3 7.5 0.35 8.8
red 12.5 mL 0.3 37.5 0.25 31.3
25 mL 0.3 75 0.15 37.5
50 mL 0.5 mL – 50 mL 5 mL 0.3 15 0.5 25
light gray 25 mL 0.3 75 0.20 50
50 mL 0.3 150 0.15 75
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 57/90
English (EN)

9.7 Reference - error of measurement

9.7.1 Reference - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume

Model Test tip Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
1 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μLL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
light gray light gray
2 μL 46 mm 2.0 0.04 1.2 0.024
light gray
5 μL 1.5 0.075 0.8 0.04
light gray
10 μL 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.05
light gray
10 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.05
yellow yellow
20 μL 53 mm 0.8 0.16 0.3 0.06
yellow
25 μL 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.075
yellow
50 μL 0.7 0.35 0.3 0.15
yellow
100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2
yellow
200 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
blue blue
250 μL 71 mm 0.6 1.5 0.2 0.5
blue
500 μL 0.6 3.0 0.2 1.0
blue
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
blue
1500 μL 500 μL – 2500 μL 0.6 9.0 0.2 3.0
red red
2000 μL 115 mm 0.6 12 0.2 4.0
red
2500 μL 0.6 15 0.2 5.0
red
 Permissible errors of measurement
58/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.7.2 Reference - Single-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 μL – 2.5 μL 0.1 μL – 10 μL 0.25 μL 12.0 0.03 6.0 0.015
dark gray dark gray 1.25 μL 2.5 0.031 1.5 0.019
34 mm
2.5 μL 1.4 0.035 0.7 0.018
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μL 1 μL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
light gray light gray 5 μL 1.5 0.075 0.8 0.04
46 mm
10 μL 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.04
2 μL – 20 μL 0.5μL – 20 μL 2 μL 3.0 0.06 2.0 0.04
light gray light gray 10 μL 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.05
46mm
20 μL 0.8 0.16 0.3 0.06
2 μL – 20 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 2 μL 5.0 0.1 1.5 0.03
yellow yellow 10 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
53 mm
20 μL 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
10 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 3.0 0.3 0.7 0.07
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.15
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.15 0.15
50 μL – 200 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.15
yellow yellow 100 μL 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.3
53 mm
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
50 μL – 250 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 50 μL 1.4 0.7 0.3 0.15
blue blue 100 μL 1.1 1.1 0.3 0.3
71 mm
250 μL 0.6 1.5 0.2 0.5
100 μL – 1000 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 100 μL 3.0 3.0 0.3 0.3
blue blue 500 μL 1.0 5.0 0.2 1.0
71 mm
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
500 μL – 2500 μL 500 μL – 2500 μL 0.5 mL 1.5 7.5 0.3 1.5
red red 1.25 mL 0.8 10 0.2 2.5
115 mm
2.5 mL 0.6 15 0.2 5.0
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 59/90
English (EN)

9.8 Reference 2 - error of measurement

9.8.1 Reference 2 - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume

Model Test tip Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
1 μL 0.1 μL – 10 μL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
dark blue dark blue
2 μL 34 mm 2.0 0.04 1.2 0.024
dark blue
5 μL 0.1 μL – 20 μL 1.2 0.06 0.6 0.03
blue blue
10 μL 40 mm 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.05
blue
20 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μLL 0.8 0.16 0.3 0.06
light blue light blue
46 mm
10 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
yellow yellow
20 μL 53 mm 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
yellow
25 μL 1.0 0.25 0.3 0.075
yellow
50 μL 0.7 0.35 0.3 0.15
yellow
100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2
yellow
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
yellow
200 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
blue blue
250 μL 71 mm 0.6 1.5 0.2 0.5
blue
500 μL 0.6 3.0 0.2 1.0
blue
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
blue
2.0 mL 0.5 mL – 2.5 mL 0.6 12 0.2 4
red red
2.5 mL 115 mm 0.6 15 0.2 5
red
 Permissible errors of measurement
60/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.8.2 Reference 2 - Single-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 μL – 2.5 μL 0.1 μL – 10 μL 0.1 μL 48.0 0.048 12.0 0.012
dark gray dark gray 0.25 μL 12.0 0.03 6.0 0.015
34 mm
1.25 μL 2.5 0.031 1.5 0.019
2.5 μL 1.4 0.035 0.7 0.018
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.1 μL – 20 μL 0.5 μL 8.0 0.04 5.0 0.025
medium gray medium gray 1 μL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
40 mm
5 μL 1.5 0.075 0.8 0.04
10 μL 1.0 0.10 0.4 0.04
2 μL – 20 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μLL 2 μL 3.0 0.06 1.5 0.03
light gray light gray 10 μL 1.0 0.10 0.6 0.06
46 mm
20 μL 0.8 0.16 0.3 0.06
2 μL – 20 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 2 μL 5.0 0.10 1.5 0.03
yellow yellow 10 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
53 mm
20 μL 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
10 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 3.0 0.3 0.7 0.07
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.15
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2
20 μL – 200 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 20 μL 2.5 0.5 0.7 0.14
yellow yellow 100 μL 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.3
53 mm
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
30 μL – 300 μL 20 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 2.5 0.75 0.7 0.21
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.3 0.45
55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.2 0.6
100 μL – 1000 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 100 μL 3.0 3.0 0.6 0.6
blue blue 500 μL 1.0 5.0 0.2 1.0
71 mm
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
0.25 mL – 2.5 mL 0.25 mL – 2.5 mL 0.25 mL 4.8 12 1.2 3
red red 1.25 mL 0.8 10 0.2 2.5
115 mm
2.5 mL 0.6 15 0.2 5
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 61/90
English (EN)

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 mL – 5 mL 0.1 mL – 5 mL 0.5 mL 2.4 12 0.6 3
violet violet 2.5 mL 1.2 30 0.25 6
120 mm
5.0 mL 0.6 30 0.15 7.5
1 mL – 10 mL 1 mL – 10 mL 1.0 mL 3.0 30 0.6 6
turquoise turquoise 5.0 mL 0.8 40 0.2 10
165 mm
10.0 mL 0.6 60 0.15 15

9.8.3 Reference 2 - Multi-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.1 μL – 20 μL 0.5 μL 12.0 0.06 8.0 0.04
medium gray medium gray 1 μL 8.0 0.08 5.0 0.05
40 mm
5 μL 4.0 0.2 2.0 0.1
10 μL 2.0 0.2 1.0 0.1
10 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 3.0 0.3 2.0 0.2
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.4
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3
30 μL – 300 μL 20 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 3.0 0.9 1.0 0.3
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.75
55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.3 0.9
 Permissible errors of measurement
62/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.9 Research - error of measurement

9.9.1 Research - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume

Model Test tip Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
10 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
yellow yellow
20 μL 53 mm 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
yellow
25 μL 1.0 0.25 0.3 0.075
yellow
50 μL 0.7 0.35 0.3 0.15
yellow
100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2
yellow
200 μL 0.05 mL – 1 mL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
blue blue
250 μL 71 mm 0.6 1.5 0.2 0.5
blue
500 μL 0.6 3.0 0.2 1.0
blue
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
blue
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 63/90
English (EN)

9.9.2 Research - Single-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 μL – 2.5 μL 0.1 μL – 10 μL 0.25 μL 12.0 0.03 6.0 0.015
dark gray dark gray 1.25 μL 2.5 0.031 1.5 0.019
34 mm
2.5 μL 1.4 0.035 0.7 0.018
0,5 μL – 10 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μLL 1 μL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
light gray light gray 5 μL 1.5 0.075 0.8 0.04
46 mm
10 μL 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.04
2 μL – 20 μL 2 μL – 200 μL0 2 μL 5.0 0.1 1.5 0.03
yellow yellow 10 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
53 mm
20 μL 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
10 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 3.0 0.3 1.0 0.1
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.15
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.20
20 μL – 200 μL 2 μL– 200 μL 20 μL 2.5 0.5 0.7 0.14
yellow yellow 100 μL 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.3
53 mm
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
100 μL – 1000 μL 0.05 mL – 1 mL 100 μL 3.0 3.0 0.6 0.6
blue blue 500 μL 1.0 5.0 0.2 1.0
71 mm
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
0.5 mL – 5 mL 0.1 mL – 5 mL 0.5 mL 2.4 12 0.6 3.0
violet violet 2.5 mL 1.2 30 0.25 6.25
120 mm
5.0 mL 0.6 30 0.15 7.5
1 mL – 10 mL 1 mL – 10 mL 1.0 mL 3.0 30 0.6 6.0
turquoise turquoise 5.0 mL 0.8 40 0.2 10
165 mm
10.0 mL 0.6 60 0.15 15
 Permissible errors of measurement
64/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.9.3 Research - Multi-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μLL 1 μL 8.0 0.08 5.0 0.05
light gray light gray 5 μL 4.0 0.2 2.0 0.1
46 mm
10 μL 2.0 0.2 1.0 0.1
10 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 3.0 0.3 2.0 0.2
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.4
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3
30 μL – 300 μL 20 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 3.0 0.9 1.0 0.3
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.75
55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.3 0.9
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 65/90
English (EN)

9.10 Research plus - error of measurement

9.10.1 Research plus - Single-channel pipette with fixed volume

Model Test tip Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
10 μL 0.1 μL – 20 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
medium gray medium gray
40 mm
20 μL 0.5 μL – 20μLL 0.8 0.16 0.3 0.06
light gray light gray
46 mm
10 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
yellow yellow
20 μL 53 mm 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
yellow
25 μL 1.0 0.25 0.3 0.08
yellow
50 μL 0.7 0.35 0.3 0.15
yellow
100 μL 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2
yellow
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
yellow
200 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
blue blue
250 μL 71 mm 0.6 1.5 0.2 0.5
blue
500 μL 0.6 3.0 0.2 1.0
blue
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
blue
 Permissible errors of measurement
66/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.10.2 Research plus - Single-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.1 μL – 2.5 μL 0. μL – 10 μL 0. μL 48 0.048 12 0.012
dark gray dark gray 0.25 μL 12 0.03 6.0 0.015
34 mm
1.25 μL 2.5 0.031 1. 0.019
2.5 μL 1.4 0.035 0.7 0.018
0. μL – 10 μL 0.1 μL – 20μL 0. μL 8.0 0.04 5.0 0.025
medium gray medium gray 1 μL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
40 mm
5 μL 1.5 0.075 0.8 0.04
10 μL 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.04
2 μL – 20 μL 0.5 μL – 20μLL 2 μL 5.0 0.1 1.5 0.03
light gray light gray 10 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
46 mm
20 μL 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
2 μL – 20 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 2 μL 5.0 0.1 1.5 0.03
yellow yellow 10 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
53 mm
20 μL 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
10 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 3.0 0.3 1.0 0.1
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.15
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2
20 μL – 200 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 20 μL 2.5 0.5 0.7 0.14
yellow yellow 100 μL 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.3
53 mm
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
30 μL – 300 μL 20 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 2.5 0.75 0.7 0.21
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.3 0.45
55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.2 0.6
100 μL – 1000 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 100 μL 3.0 3.0 0.6 0.6
blue blue 500 μL 1.0 5.0 0.2 1.0
71 mm
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
0.25 mL – 2.5 mL 0.25 mL – 2.5 mL 0.25mL 4.8 12 1.2 3
red red 1.25mL 0.8 10 0.2 2.5
115 mm
2.5mL 0.6 15 0.2 5
0.5 mL – 5 mL 0.1 mL – 5 mL 0.5 mL 2.4 12 0.6 3
violet violet 2.5 mL 1.2 30 0.25 6.25
120 mm
5.0 mL 0.6 30 0.15 7.5
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 67/90
English (EN)

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
1 mL – 10 mL 1 mL – 10 mL 1.0 mL 3.0 30 0.6 6
turquoise turquoise 5.0 mL 0.8 40 0.2 10
165 mm
10.0 mL 0.6 60 0.15 15

9.10.3 Research plus - Multi-channel pipettes with fixed cone spacing

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.1 μL – 20 μL 0.5μL 12 0.06 8.0 0.04
medium gray medium gray 1 μL 8.0 0.08 5.0 0.05
8/12-channel 40 mm
5 μL 4.0 0.2 2.0 0.1
10 μL 2.0 0.2 1.0 0.1
1 μL – 20 μL 1 μL – 20 μL 1μL 12 0.12 8 0.08
pearl white pearl white 2μL 8 0.16 5 0.1
16/24-channel 42 mm
10μL 4 0.4 2 0.2
20 μL 2 0.4 1 0.2
5 μL – 100 μL 5 μL – 100 μL 5 μL 6 0.3 4 0.2
light yellow light yellow 10 μL 3 0.3 2 0.2
16/24-channel 53 mm
50 μL 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.4
100 μL 1 1 0.6 0.6
10 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 3.0 0.3 2.0 0.2
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.4
8/12-channel 53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3
30 μL – 300 μL 20 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 3.0 0.9 1.0 0.3
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.75
8/12-channel 55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.3 0.9
120 μL – 1200 μL 50 μL – 1250 μL 120 μL 6.0 7.2 0.9 1.08
dark green dark green 600 μL 2.7 16.2 0.4 2.4
8/12-channel 103 mm
1200 μL 1.2 14.4 0.3 3.6
 Permissible errors of measurement
68/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.11 Research pro - error of measurement

9.11.1 Research pro - Single-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μLL 1 μL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
light gray light gray 5 μL 1.5 0.075 0.8 0.04
46 mm
10 μL 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.04
5 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 2.0 0.2 1.0 0.1
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.15
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2
20 μL – 300 μL 20 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 2.5 0.75 0.7 0.21
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.3 0.45
55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.2 0.6
50 μL – 1000 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 100 μL 3.0 3.0 0.6 0.6
blue blue 500 μL 1.0 5.0 0.2 1.0
71 mm
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
100 μL – 5000 μL 0.1 mL – 5 mL 0.5 mL 3.0 15 0.6 3.0
violet violet 2.5 mL 1.2 30 0.25 6.25
120 mm
5.0 mL 0.6 30 0.15 7.5
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 69/90
English (EN)

9.11.2 Research pro - Multi-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.5 μL – 20 μLL 1 μL 5.0 0.05 3.0 0.03
light gray 5 μL 3.0 0.15 1.5 0.075
46 mm
10 μL 2.0 0.2 0.8 0.08
5 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 2.0 0.2 2.0 0.2
yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.4
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.25 0.25
20 μL – 300 μL 20 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 2.5 0.75 1.0 0.3
orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.75
55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.25 0.75
50 μL – 1250 μL 50 μL – 1250 μL 120 μL 6.0 7.2 0.9 1.08
green 600 μL 2.7 16.2 0.4 2.4
76 mm
1200 μL 1.2 14.4 0.3 3.6
 Permissible errors of measurement
70/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.12 Top Buret M/H - error of measurement

9.12.1 Top Buret M

Model M Testing Error

volume Systematic error Random error
±% ± mL ±% ± mL
0.01 mL – 999.9 mL 2.5 mL 2.0 0.05 1.0 0.025
12.5 mL 0.4 0.05 0.2 0.025
25 mL 0.2 0.05 0.1 0.025

9.12.2 Top Buret H

Model H Testing volume Error

Systematic error Random error
±% ± mL ±% ± mL
0.01 mL – 999.9 mL 5 mL 2.0 0.1 1.0 0.05
25 mL 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.05
50 mL 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.05
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 71/90
English (EN)

9.13 Varipette - error of measurement

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement
volume systematic random
±% ± mL ±% ± mL
2.5 mL – 10 mL Varitip S-System 2.5 mL 1.0 0.025 0.2 0.005
5 mL 0.4 0.02 0.2 0.01
10 mL 0.3 0.03 0.2 0.02
1 mL – 10 mL Varitip P 1 mL 0.6 0.006 0.2 0.002
5 mL 0.5 0.025 0.1 0.005
10 mL 0.3 0.03 0.1 0.01

9.13.1 Maxipettor - error of measurement

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

volume systematic random
±% ± mL ±% ± mL
2.5 mL – 10 mL Maxitip S-System 2.5 mL 1.0 0.025 0.2 0.005
5 mL 0.4 0.02 0.2 0.01
10 mL 0.3 0.03 0.2 0.02
1 mL – 10 mL Maxitip P 1 mL 0.6 0.006 0.2 0.002
5 mL 0.5 0.025 0.1 0.005
10 mL 0.3 0.03 0.1 0.01
 Permissible errors of measurement
72/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.14 Varispenser/Varispenser plus - error of measurement

9.14.1 Varispenser

Model Testing volume Error of measurement

systematic random
±% ± mL ±% ± mL
0.5 mL – 2.5 mL 0.5 mL 6.0 0.015 1.0 0.0025
1.25 mL 1.2 0.015 0.2 0.0025
2.50 mL 0.6 0.015 0.1 0.0025
1 mL – 5 mL 1.00 mL 2.5 0.025 0.5 0.0050
2.50 mL 1.0 0.025 0.2 0.0050
5.00 mL 0.5 0.025 0.1 0.0050
2 mL – 10 mL 2.00 mL 2.5 0.050 0.5 0.0100
5.00 mL 1.0 0.050 0.2 0.0100
10.00 mL 0.5 0.050 0.1 0.0100
5 mL – 25 mL 5.00 mL 2.5 0.125 0.5 0.0250
12.50 mL 1.0 0.125 0.2 0.0250
25.00 mL 0.5 0.125 0.1 0.0250
10 mL – 50 mL 10.00 mL 2.5 0.250 0.5 0.0500
25.00 mL 1.0 0.250 0.2 0.0500
50.00 mL 0.5 0.250 0.1 0.0500
20 mL – 100 mL 20.00 mL 2.5 0.500 0.5 0.1000
50.00 mL 1.0 0.500 0.2 0.1000
100.00 mL 0.5 0.500 0.1 0.1000
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 73/90
English (EN)

9.14.2 Varispenser plus

Model Testing volume Error of measurement

systematic random
±% ± mL ±% ± mL
0.5 mL – 2.5 mL 0.5 mL 6.0 0.015 1.0 0.0025
1.25 mL 1.2 0.015 0.2 0.0025
2.50 mL 0.6 0.015 0.1 0.0025
1 mL – 5 mL 1.00 mL 2.5 0.025 0.5 0.0050
2.50 mL 1.0 0.025 0.2 0.0050
5.00 mL 0.5 0.025 0.1 0.0050
2 mL – 10 mL 2.00 mL 2.5 0.050 0.5 0.0100
5.00 mL 1.0 0.050 0.2 0.0100
10.00 mL 0.5 0.050 0.1 0.0100
5 mL – 25 mL 5.00 mL 2.5 0.125 0.5 0.0250
12.50 mL 1.0 0.125 0.2 0.0250
25.00 mL 0.5 0.125 0.1 0.0250
10 mL – 50 mL 10.00 mL 2.5 0.250 0.5 0.0500
25.00 mL 1.0 0.250 0.2 0.0500
50.00 mL 0.5 0.250 0.1 0.0500
20 mL – 100 mL 20.00 mL 2.5 0.500 0.5 0.1000
50.00 mL 1.0 0.500 0.2 0.1000
100.00 mL 0.5 0.500 0.1 0.1000
 Permissible errors of measurement
74/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.15 Xplorer/Xplorer plus - error of measurement

9.15.1 Xplorer/Xplorer plus - Single-channel pipette with variable volume

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.1 μL – 20 μL 1 μL 2.5 0.025 1.8 0.018
medium gray medium gray 5 μL 1.5 0.075 0.8 0.04
40 mm
10 μL 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.04
1 μL – 20 μL 0,5 μL – 20 μL L 2 μL 5.0 0.1 1.5 0.03
light gray light gray 10 μL 1.2 0.12 0.6 0.06
46 mm
20 μL 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.06
5 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 2.0 0.2 1.0 0.1
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.15
53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2
10 μL – 200 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 20 μL 2.5 0.5 0.7 0.14
yellow yellow 100 μL 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.3
53 mm
200 μL 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.4
15 μL – 300 μL 15 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 2.5 0.75 0.7 0.21
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.3 0.45
55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.2 0.6
50 μL – 1000 μL 50 μL – 1000 μL 100 μL 3.0 3.0 0.6 0.6
blue blue 500 μL 1.0 5.0 0.2 1
71 mm
1000 μL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2
0.1 mL – 2.5 mL 0.25 mL – 2.5 mL 0.25 mL 4.8 12 1.2 3
red red 1.25 mL 0.8 10 0.2 2.5
115 mm
2.5 mL 0.6 15 0.2 5
0.2 mL – 5 mL 0.1 mL – 5 mL 0.5 mL 3.0 15.0 0.6 3
violet violet 2.5 mL 1.2 30.0 0.25 6.25
120 mm
5 mL 0.6 30.0 0.15 7.5
0.5 mL – 10 mL 1 mL – 10 mL 1 mL 3.0 30.0 0.60 6.0
turquoise turquoise 5 mL 0.8 40.0 0.20 10.0
165 mm
10 mL 0.6 60.0 0.15 15.0
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 75/90
English (EN)

9.15.2 Xplorer/Xplorer plus - Multi-channel pipettes with fixed cone spacing

Model Test tip Testing Error of measurement

epT.I.P.S. volume systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.5 μL – 10 μL 0.1 μL – 20 μL 1 μL 5.0 0.05 3.0 0.03
medium gray medium gray 5 μL 3.0 0.15 1.5 0.075
8/12-channel 40 mm
10 μL 2.0 0.2 0.8 0.08
1 μL – 20 μL 1 μL – 20 μL 1μL 12 0.12 8 0.08
pearl white white 2μL 8 0.16 5 0.1
16/24-channel 42 mm
10μL 4 0.4 2 0.2
20 μL 2 0.4 1 0.2
5 μL – 100 μL 2 μL – 200 μL 10 μL 2.0 0.2 2.0 0.2
yellow yellow 50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.4
8/12-channel 53 mm
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.25 0.25
5 μL – 100 μL 5 μL – 100 μL 5 μL 6 0.3 4 0.2
light yellow light yellow 10 μL 3 0.3 2 0.2
16/24-channel 53 mm
50 μL 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.4
100 μL 1 1 0.6 0.6
15 μL – 300 μL 15 μL – 300 μL 30 μL 2.5 0.75 1.0 0.3
orange orange 150 μL 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.75
8/12-channel 55 mm
300 μL 0.6 1.8 0.25 0.75
50 μL – 1200 μL 50 μL – 1250 μL 120 μL 6.0 7.2 0.9 1.08
green green 600 μL 2.7 16.2 0.4 2.4
8/12-channel 76 mm
1200 μL 1.2 14.4 0.3 3.6
 Permissible errors of measurement
76/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.16 Maximum permissible errors according to EN ISO 8655

The maximum permissible errors always refer to the entire pipette and pipette tip
[Link] the nominal volume of the pipette is between two values, the absolute
permissible errors apply to the next larger nominal [Link] absolute permissible
errors related to the nominal volume apply to each adjustable [Link] following is an
example for calculating the relative permissible errors of nominal volumes not listed in
the ISO [Link], the absolute and relative permissible errors are listed as a
function of the [Link] multi-channel pipettes, the maximum permissible errors are
twice the values specified for single-channel pipettes.

9.16.1 Example - Reference 2

The absolute errors of measurement of the nominal volume are applied to all other
adjustable [Link] this purpose, calculate the proportional error of measurement
from the absolute measurement error at nominal volume as follows for the respective
adjustable volume.
100% nominal volume:
• Nominal volume: 2500 μL
• Absolute systematic error of measurement:40 μL
• Relative systematic error of measurement:1.6%
• Absolute random error of measurement:15 μL
• Relative random error of measurement:0.6%
50% nominal volume:
• Useful volume: 1250 μL
• Absolute systematic error of measurement:40 μL
• Relative systematic error of measurement:3,2 %
• Absolute random error of measurement:15 μL
• Relative random error of measurement:1.2%
10% nominal volume:
• Useful volume:250 μL
• Absolute systematic error of measurement:40 μL
• Relative systematic error of measurement:16%
• Absolute random error of measurement:15 μL
• Relative random error of measurement:6%
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 77/90
English (EN)

9.16.2 Air-cushion pipettes with fixed and variable volume

• Reference
• Reference 2
• Research
• Research plus
• Research pro
• Xplorer
• Xplorer plus

Nominal volume Maximum permissible errors (ISO 8655)

systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
1 μL 5.0 0.05 5.0 0.05
2 μL 4.0 0.08 2.0 0.04
5 μL 2.5 0.125 1.5 0.075
10 μL 1.2 0.12 0.8 0.08
20 μL 1.0 0.2 0.5 0.1
50 μL 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.2
100 μL 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3
200 μL 0.8 1.6 0.3 0.6
500 μL 0.8 4.0 0.3 1.5
1000 μL 0.8 8.0 0.3 3.0
2000 μL 0.8 16 0.3 6.0
5000 μL 0.8 40 0.3 15.0
10000 μL 0.6 60 0.3 30.0
 Permissible errors of measurement
78/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.16.3 Positive displacement pipettes

• Biomaster
• Varipette/Maxipettor

Nominal volume Maximum permissible errors (ISO 8655)

systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
5 μL 2.5 0.13 1.5 0.08
10 μL 2.0 0.2 1.0 0.1
20 μL 2.0 0.4 0.8 0.16
50 μL 1.4 0.7 0.6 0.3
100 μL 1.5 1.5 0.6 0.6
200 μL 1.5 3.0 0.4 0.8
500 μL 1.2 6.0 0.4 2.0
1000 μL 1.2 12.0 0.4 4.0
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 79/90
English (EN)

9.16.4 Multi-dispenser
• Multipette plus
• Multipette/Repeater E3
• Multipette/Repeater E3x
• Multipette/Repeater M4
• Multipette stream
• Multipette Xstream

Nominal volume Maximum permissible errors (ISO 8655)

systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.001 mL 5.0 0.05 5.0 0.05
0.002 mL 5.0 0.1 5.0 0.1
0.003 mL 2.5 0.075 3.5 0.11
0.01 mL 2.0 0.2 2.5 0.25
0.02 mL 1.5 0.3 2.0 0.4
0.05 mL 1.0 0.5 1.5 0.75
0.1 mL 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
0.2 mL 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.0
0.5 mL 1.0 5.0 0.6 3.0
1 mL 1.0 10 0.4 4.0
2 mL 0.8 16 0.4 8.0
5 mL 0.6 30 0.3 15
10 mL 0.5 50 0.3 30
25 mL 0.5 125 0.3 75
50 mL 0.5 250 0.25 125
100 mL 0.5 500 0.25 250
200 mL 0.5 1000 0.25 500
 Permissible errors of measurement
80/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

9.16.5 Single stroke dispenser

• Varispenser
• Varispenser plus
• Varispenser 2
• Varispenser 2x

Nominal volume Maximum permissible errors (ISO 8655)

systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
0.01 mL 2.0 0.2 1.0 0.1
0.02 mL 2.0 0.4 0.5 0.1
0.05 mL 1.5 0.75 0.4 0.2
0.1 mL 1.5 1.5 0.3 0.3
0.2 mL 1.0 2.0 0.3 0.6
0.5 mL 1.0 5.0 0.2 1.0
1 mL 0.6 6.0 0.2 2.0
2 mL 0.6 12.0 0.2 4.0
5 mL 0.6 30.0 0.2 10.0
10 mL 0.6 60.0 0.2 20.0
25 mL 0.6 150.0 0.2 50.0
50 mL 0.6 300.0 0.2 100
100 mL 0.6 600.0 0.2 200
200 mL 0.6 1200 0.2 400
 Permissible errors of measurement
Standard Operating Procedure 81/90
English (EN)

9.16.6 Piston burets

• Top Burette H
• Top Burette M

Nominal volume Maximum permissible errors (ISO 8655)

systematic random
±% ± μL ±% ± μL
≤ 1 mL 0.6 6.0 0.1 1.0
2 mL 0.5 10 0.1 2.0
5 mL 0.3 15 0.1 5.0
10 mL 0.3 30 0.1 10
20 mL 0.2 40 0.1 20
25 mL 0.2 50 0.1 25
50 mL 0.2 100 0.1 50
100 mL 0.2 200 0.1 100
 Adjustment
82/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

10 Adjustment
Making an adjustment sets the dispensing volume in such a way that systematic error is
minimized for the intended application.
An adjustment can be useful due to deviating calibration results or due to deviating
conditions.

An adjustment does not influence the random error. The random error can be
reduced by exchanging worn parts. The random error is also influenced by
handling.

10.1 Adjusting in case of deviating calibration results

If the calibration results of mechanical pipettes are outside of the permissible thresholds,
an adjustment may be necessary.

Compared to mechanical pipettes, an electronic pipette is adjusted with a fifth

degree polynomial function along the complete stroke length. For this reason,
the user cannot adjust an adjustment of the manufacturer. If the measuring
results are outside of the manufacturer thresholds, the pipette is defective and
should be sent to an authorized service.

10.1.1 Checking the reasons for a dispensing deviation

All external influencing factors must be ruled out before a pipette is adjusted.
• The tip cone is OK
• The pipette tip is compatible with the pipette
• The dispensing system is leak-tight (pipette and pipette tip)
• Test liquid was aspirated and dispensed 5 times (saturated air cushion)
• The test liquid, dispenser and ambient air have the same temperature
• The test liquid meets the ISO 3696 requirements
• Immersion depth during liquid aspiration complied with
• Liquid dispensing against the tube inner wall
• Pipetting speed is set correctly
• The balance resolution matches the testing volume
• No draft at weighing location
• Evaluation of measuring results performed correctly
 Decide if an adjustment is required.
 Adjust dispenser (see product information [Link]/manuals).
The dispenser can also be sent to the authorized service for adjustment.
 Adjustment
Standard Operating Procedure 83/90
English (EN)

10.2 Adjusting in case of deviating conditions

The physical properties of liquids and the ambient conditions are significant influencing
factors for piston-stroke pipettes. Mechanical and electronic pipettes can be adjusted to
these conditions.
Changing the adjustment is useful in the following cases:
• Liquids whose physical properties (density, viscosity, surface tension, vapor pressure)
differ significantly from those of water
• Capillary action during the immersion of the pipette tip (e.g., in the case of DMSO)
• Changes in the atmospheric pressure due to the altitude at which the pipette is used
• Pipette tips whose geometry differs significantly from standard tips (e.g., epT.I.P.S.)
 Adjust dispenser (see product information [Link]/manuals).
 Index
84/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

Index Density value for water ...........................42

Document history....................................12
A
Average value ......................................... 43 E
Electronic multiple-dispensers
B Multipette E3/E3x .............................13
Multipette stream..............................13
Biomaster
Multipette Xstream ...........................13
Error of measurement ...................... 50
Repeater E3/E3x ...............................13
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes.... 13
Repeater stream ................................13
Repeater Xstream .............................13
C Electronic piston stroke pipettes
Calculation Research pro .....................................13
Converting the mass value ............... 41 Xplorer ..............................................13
Mean volume value .......................... 43 Xplorer plus ......................................13
Random error of measurement ........ 45 Error
Systematic error of measurement .... 44 Error cause........................................18
Volume value .................................... 41 Solution .............................................18
Calibration frequency Errors of measurement
Test interval ...................................... 19 Manufacturer ....................................49
Calibration procedure............................. 31 Maximum permissible errors 
Calibration Process ISO 8655 ...........................................76
Gravimetric ....................................... 20 Evaluating the calibration .......................40
Photometric ...................................... 20 Evaluation
Titrimetric......................................... 20 Test report .........................................46
Calibration software ............................... 23 Evaporation protection............................22
Checklist ................................................. 27
Analytical balance ............................ 29
F
Calibrating software ......................... 29
Dispenser.......................................... 28 Flow chart
Test conditions ................................. 28 Calibrating the dispensing system ....32
Test liquid ......................................... 28 Complete calibration procedure .......25
Cleaning ................................................. 15 Formula
Absolute systematic error of
Conducting a series of measurements ... 30
measurement ....................................44
Correction factor Coefficient of variation......................45
Z ....................................................... 42 Mean volume value ...........................43
Correction value Relative random error 
Z ....................................................... 42 of measurement ................................45
Relative systematic error of
D measurement ....................................44
Standard deviation ............................45
Data evaluation....................................... 23 Volume value.....................................41
Data transfer........................................... 23
 Index
Standard Operating Procedure 85/90
English (EN)

G Weighing vessel ................................22

Gravimetric test ...................................... 22 Mechanical bottle-top burette
Grease for pipettes ................................. 16 Top Buret H.......................................14
Top Buret M ......................................14
Mechanical multiple-dispensers
M
Multipette..........................................13
Maximum permissible errors  Multipette M4 ...................................13
ISO 8655................................................. 76 Multipette plus ..................................13
Biomaster ......................................... 78 Repeater ............................................13
Maxipettor ........................................ 78 Repeater M4......................................13
Multipette E3 .................................... 79 Repeater plus ....................................13
Multipette E3x .................................. 79
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes
Multipette M4................................... 79
Biomaster ..........................................13
Multipette plus ................................. 79
Maxipettor + Maxitip P .....................13
Multipette stream ............................. 79
Maxipettor + Maxitip S-System ........13
Multipette Xstream........................... 79
Reference ..........................................13
Reference.......................................... 77
Reference 2 .......................................13
Reference 2....................................... 77
Research............................................13
Repeater E3 ...................................... 79
Research plus....................................13
Repeater E3x .................................... 79
Varipette + Varitip P..........................13
Repeater M4 ..................................... 79
Varipette + Varitip S-System .............13
Research ........................................... 77
Research plus ................................... 77 Mechanical single stroke dispensers
Top Buret H ...................................... 81 Varispenser .......................................14
Top Buret M...................................... 81 Varispenser plus................................14
Varipette ........................................... 78 Multipette
Varispenser....................................... 80 Mechanical multiple-dispensers .......13
Varispenser 2.................................... 80 Multipette E3/E3x
Varispenser 2x.................................. 80 Electronic multiple-dispensers .........13
Varispenser plus ............................... 80 Error of measurement .......................51
Xplorer.............................................. 77 Multipette M4
Xplorer plus ...................................... 77 Error of measurement .......................53
Maxipettor Mechanical multiple-dispensers .......13
Error of measurement ...................... 71 Multipette plus
Maxipettor + Maxitip P Error of measurement .......................55
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes.... 13 Mechanical multiple-dispensers .......13
Maxipettor + Maxitip S-System Multipette stream
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes.... 13 Electronic multiple-dispensers .........13
Measured values Error of measurement .......................56
Multi-channel pipette ....................... 30 Multipette Xstream
Single-channel pipette...................... 30 Electronic multiple-dispensers .........13
Measuring place setup ........................... 22 Error of measurement .......................56
Analytical balance ............................ 22
Measuring place ............................... 23
 Index
86/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)

N Repeater Xstream
Nominal volume ..................................... 30 Electronic multiple-dispensers .........13
Error of measurement .......................56
Research
O
Error of measurement fixed 
O-ring ..................................................... 16 volume...............................................62
Error of measurement 
P multi-channel pipette ........................64
Piston seal ........................................ 15, 16 Error of measurement variable 
volume...............................................63
Preparing the measuring place .............. 26 Mechanical piston stroke pipettes ....13
Process diagram Research plus
Calibrating the dispensing  Error of measurement 
system......................................... 25, 32 cone spacing 4.5 mm ........................67
Error of measurement 
R cone spacing 9 mm ...........................67
Reference Error of measurement 
Error of measurement fixed  cone spacing fixed ............................67
volume .............................................. 57 Error of measurement fixed 
Error of measurement variable  volume...............................................65
volume .............................................. 58 Error of measurement 
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes.... 13 multi-channel pipette ........................67
Error of measurement variable 
Reference 2
volume...............................................66
Error of measurement fixed 
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes ....13
volume .............................................. 59
Error of measurement  Research pro
multi-channel pipette ....................... 61 Error of measurement multi-channel
Error of measurement variable  pipette ...............................................69
volume .............................................. 60 Error of measurement variable 
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes.... 13 volume...............................................68
Repeater Resolution of the balance........................22
Mechanical multiple-dispensers ...... 13
Repeater E3/E3x S
Electronic multiple-dispensers......... 13 Service.....................................................15
Error of measurement ...................... 51 Standard deviation ..................................45
Repeater M4 Supported dispensers .............................13
Error of measurement ...................... 53
Mechanical multiple-dispensers ...... 13
Repeater plus T
Error of measurement ...................... 55 Test interval
Mechanical multiple-dispensers ...... 13 Calibration frequency........................19
Repeater stream Test liquid................................................23
Electronic multiple-dispensers......... 13 Test method
Error of measurement ...................... 56 Intermediate check ...........................21
 Index
Standard Operating Procedure 87/90
English (EN)

Quick-Check ..................................... 21 Mechanical single stroke 

Visual inspection .............................. 20 dispensers .........................................14
Test methods
Leakage test ..................................... 21 X
Test report .............................................. 46 Xplorer
Adjustment ....................................... 46 Error of measurement 
Analytical balance ............................ 46 multi-channel pipette ........................75
Cleaning ........................................... 48 Error of measurement variable 
Dispenser.......................................... 46 volume...............................................74
Maintenance ..................................... 48
Xplorer plus
Measurement series ......................... 47
Error of measurement 
Test conditions ................................. 47
cone spacing 4.5 mm ........................75
Test method ...................................... 47
Error of measurement 
Test tip .............................................. 46
cone spacing 9 mm ...........................75
Tester................................................ 46
Error of measurement 
Test tips .................................................. 23 cone spacing fixed ............................75
Testing volume ....................................... 31 Error of measurement 
Top Buret H multi-channel pipette ........................75
Error of measurement ...................... 70 Error of measurement variable 
Mechanical bottle-top burette .......... 14 volume...............................................74
Top Buret M
Error of measurement ...................... 70
Mechanical bottle-top burette .......... 14
Type of test
Conformity test ................................. 21
Leakage test ..................................... 20
Visual inspection .............................. 20
Types of tests.......................................... 20

V
Varipette
Error of measurement ...................... 71
Varipette + Varitip P
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes.... 13
Varipette + Varitip S-System
Mechanical piston stroke pipettes.... 13
Varispenser
Error of measurement ...................... 72
Mechanical single stroke 
dispensers ........................................ 14
Varispenser plus
Error of measurement ...................... 73
 Index
88/90 Standard Operating Procedure
English (EN)
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