A. Compare and contrast the novels of Dr.
Jose Rizal : Noli Me Tangere and el
Filibusterismo
The great novel book written by the national hero of the Philippines Doctor Jose P. Rizal,
is Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
The famous book Noli Me Tangere, is a Latin word meaning "Touch Me Not". This book
is a societal novel. He started writing it in Madrid, Spain on 1884, continued in Paris, France
and was finished in Berlin, Germany on February 1887. Noli Me Tangere was dedicated to
his Inang Bayan, the Philippines. The message of this book is about changing the native and
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foreign way of life. Simoun insisted that compelled the Filipino regain their native character.
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While for the El Filibusterismo, It comes from the word "filibustero" which means a
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person who is against the Roman Catholic. This book is a political novel. He started writing it
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on 1890 in London, England and was finished in Brussels, Belgium on 1891. This was
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dedicated to the "Three Martyrs", Gomburza (Father. Mariano Gomez, Father. Jose Burgos,
and Father. Jacinto Zamora). Dr. Rizal believed that the three martyrs were only a victim of
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cruelty and loss of justice. . The message of the story is about the present system of
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governing the Philippines through corrupt and self-seeking officials influenced by the friars
and being submissive to their interest in one thing.
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These two novels with broad topic are touted as the novels that deal with revolution. Both
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of these books have similarities in terms of the aim and purpose of the book. Both aim to
enlighten the Filipinos about what is happening in the country. They encourage and aims to
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persuade the people to fight for their country and have the total freedom. Also both books
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prattle about how the Spaniards abused the Filipinos, the abuse of the church of their power,
the discrimination on Filipinos. Noli Me Tangere is a novel written by Jose Rizal, same is
received with El Filibusterismo. But it is published as sequel or continuation. So they convey
one story. Same characters but with great changes in their personality especially the main
cast, Crisostomo Ibarra.
Some differences between the books Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo is that the
Noli Me Tangere describes revival in thought long dead, is a romantic novel, a work of the
heart and is consists 64 chapters. Meanwhile the El filibusrerismo describes the
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inconvenience oneself of society today, is a political novel, is the work of the head and has 38
chapters.
B. Discuss the role of the following major characters in the novel Noli Me Tangere
by Jose Rizal
1. Crisóstomo Ibarra
Crisostomo Ibarra is tha main and most famous character in Dr. Jose Rizal’s work, Noi Me
Tangere. He is known in his full name as Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin, a Filipino who
studied in Europe for 7 years. He has love interest in Maria Clara. And is a son of the
deceased Don Rafael Ibarra; Crisostomo changed his surname from Eibarramendia to Ibarra,
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from his ancestor's surname. He has a liberal mind, patient and is a serious person. He
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symbolizes the idealism of the privileged youth. Also, becomes very violent and impulsive
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when he provoked. Ibarra has Rizal’s reflection of himself.
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2. María Clara
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María Clara de los Santos, is Ibarra's sweetheart. She is the illegitimate daughter of Father
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Dámaso and Pía Alba. She is religious, faithful, a good friend and an obedient daughter. She
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symbolizes the purity and innocence of a sheltered native woman. Her character is related to
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Rizal’s childhood sweetheart, Leonor Rivera.
3. Padre Dámaso
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Padre Damaso is also known in his full name as Dámaso Verdolagas, Franciscan friar and
María Clara's biological father. He is talkative and a cruel priest. He continually antagonizes
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Ibarra and prevents his marriage to Maria Clara. He is also the one who raped Dona Pia,
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Maria Clara’s mother. He symbolizes the Spanish friars of Rizal’s time.
4. Kapitán Tiago
Kapitan Tiago is known in his full name as Don Santiago de los Santos the known father of
María Clara but not the real one. He lives in Binondo in the novel. Also, he is said to be a
good catholic, friend of the Spanish government. He symbolizes the rich Filipinos who
oppress their fellow countrymen.
5. Pilósopo Tasyo
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Pilósopo Tasyo is also known as Don Anastasio and as ‘Filosopo Tasyo”. He spent most of
his money on books and now lives in poverty. Rizal can relate to his characters as his oldest
brother, Paciano Rizal. He portrayed in the novel as a pessimist, cynic, and mad by his
neighbors and symbolizes the learned Filipinos.
6. Eliás
Elias is Ibarra's mysterious friend, a master boater, also a fugitive. He was referred to at one
point as the pilot. He wants to revolutionize his country. Ibarra's grandfather condemned his
grandfather of burning a warehouse, making Elias the fugitive he is. He is represented as a
common Filipino in the novel. He distrusts human judgment and prefers god’s justice instead.
He is to be said to be the personification of Andres Bonifacio.
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7. Doña Victorina
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Dona Victoria’s full name is Victorina de los Reyes de De Espadaña, a woman who passes
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herself off as a Peninsular. She is the wife of don Tiburcio. She is an ambitious Filipina. And
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she symbolizes those who have a distorted view of their identity.
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8. Sisa
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Sisa is the mother of Basilio and Crispín, who went insane after losing her sons. She is
described as a beautiful and young woman, although she loves her children very much, she
cannot protect them from the beating of her husband, Pedro. She is personified the suffering
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of the motherland. The character Sisa is named after Rizal’s older sister, Narcisa.
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9. Doña Consolacíon
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Doña Consolacíon is the wife of the Alférez, another woman who passes herself as a
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Peninsular. She often has violent arguments with her husbands. And pretends not to know
Tagalog, often uses Spanish words even though she doesn’t know the meaning. She
symbolizes the Filipinos in our society who are ashamed of their own race and nationality.
10. Padre Salvi
Padre Salvi is also known in his full name as Bernardo Salví, a secret admirer of María Clara.
He is described to be very thin and sickly. He manipulates people to get what he wants. The
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Franciscan curate of San Diego, secretly harboring lust for Maria Clara.
11. Crispin and Basilio
Basilio
Basilo is the elder son of Sisa. He is 10 years old. And an acolyte tasked to ring the church
bells for the Angelus. The brothers are represented of the innocent who were wrongly accused
accused of crimes they did not commit.
Crispín
Crispin is the younger son of Sisa. He is 7 years old and he often talks about silly things and
is Sisa’s favorite son. He is an altar boy, he was unjustly accused of stealing money from the
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church. He died from the punishment from the soldiers from the false accusation of stealing
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an amount of money. Their story was based on the true story tale of the Crisostomo brother’s
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of Hagonoy.
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