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Pathologic and Superficial Reflexes

The document outlines various pathologic reflexes and superficial reflexes, detailing the elicitation methods, positive responses, and associated pathologies. Reflexes such as Babinski, Chaddock’s, and Oppenheim’s indicate pyramidal tract lesions, while others like Brudzinski and Hoffman's reflexes suggest different neurological conditions. Additionally, it specifies normal responses and pertinent CNS segments for superficial reflexes like the upper and lower abdominal reflexes and the cremasteric reflex.

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Paula Coleen
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140 views1 page

Pathologic and Superficial Reflexes

The document outlines various pathologic reflexes and superficial reflexes, detailing the elicitation methods, positive responses, and associated pathologies. Reflexes such as Babinski, Chaddock’s, and Oppenheim’s indicate pyramidal tract lesions, while others like Brudzinski and Hoffman's reflexes suggest different neurological conditions. Additionally, it specifies normal responses and pertinent CNS segments for superficial reflexes like the upper and lower abdominal reflexes and the cremasteric reflex.

Uploaded by

Paula Coleen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PATHOLOGIC REFLEXES

Reflex Elicitation Positive Response Pathology


Babinski Stroking of lateral aspect of sole of foot Extension of big toe and fanning of Pyramidal tract lesion
four small toes Organic hemiplegia
Normal reaction in newborns
Chaddock’s Stroking of lateral side of foot beneath Same response as above Pyramidal tract lesion
lateral malleolus
Oppenheim’s Stroking of anteromedial tibial surface Same response as above Pyramidal tract lesion
Gordon’s Squeezing of calf muscles firmly Same response as above Pyramidal tract lesion
Piotrowski’s Percussion of tibialis anterior muscle Dorsiflexion and supination of foot Organic disease of CNS
Brudzinksi Passive flexion of one lower limb Similar movement occurs in opposite Meningitis
limb
Hoffman (Digital) “Flicking” of terminal phalanx of index, Reflex flexion of distal phalanx of Increased irritability of sensory
middle, or ring finger thumb and of distal phalanx of index nerves in tetany
or middle finger (whichever one was Pyramidal tract lesion
not “flicked”)
Rossolimo’s Tapping of the plantar surface of toes Plantar flexion of toes Pyramidal tract lesion
Schaeffer Pinching of Achilles tendon in middle third Flexion of foot and toes Organic hemiplegia

SUPERFICIAL REFLEXES
Reflex Normal Response Pertinent CNS Segment
Upper abdominal Umbilicus moves up and toward area being stroked T7-T9
Lower abdominal Umbilicus moves down and toward area being stroked T11-T12
Cremasteric Scrotum elevates T12, L1
Plantar Flexion of toes S1-S2
Gluteal Skin tenses in gluteal area L4-L5, S1-S3
Anal Contraction of anal sphincter muscles S2-S4

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