CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The historical importance of pedal powered machines
can be easily overlooked by people who grew accustomed to
fossil fuels and ubiquitous electricity. Therefore, it
cannot be stressed enough how much of an improvement pedal
power was in the light of thousands of years of human
drudgery. Pedals and cranks make use of human power in a
near-optimum way.
The circular pedaling motion mainly activates the thigh
muscles or quadriceps which are the largest and most
powerful muscles in the human body. Furthermore, using the
appropriate gearing, pedals and cranks make use of these
muscles at an optimal speed: about 60 to 90 revolutions per
minute. Research in the twentieth century has shown that
muscles develop maximum power when they are contracting
quickly against a small resistance.
Historically, the motions used to harvest human muscle
power used inappropriate muscles moving against resistances
which were too large at speeds which were too low. While
human powered capstans and treadwheels were much more
efficient, their use was limited because of their size and
especially in the case of treadwheels, their high costs.
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Pedal washing machine structure
The Pedal Powered washing machine used to wash clothes,
it helps to obtain a less effort uniform washing. It can be
used in places where Electricity is not available. It is
designed as portable one which can be used for washing in
various Places. The main parts of are washing machine are
sprocket and chain drive, wheel and multi utility drum. The
hack saw is connected with the reciprocating rod. By
pedaling the bicycle the wheel rotates it will also rotate
the multi utility drum for the washing. Thus wash the
clothes without any external energy like fuel or current.
Since this uses no electric power and fuel, this is very
cheap and best.
This is a human powered machine runs on chain drives
mainly with human efforts. But if you wanted to operate this
machine by electric power this machine can also does that.
It has some special attachment so use both human power as
well as electric power.
The design is ideal for use in the developing world
because it doesn’t require electricity and can be built
using metal base, chain, pulley ,rubber belt, grinding
wheel, saw, bearing, foot pedal (for operated by human)
,electric motor, chain socket. S.G. bahaley Dr. Ague, Awate
S.V. saharkar designed and fabricated a pedal powered
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multipurpose machine. It is a human powered machine which is
developed for lifting the water to a height 10 meter and
generates 14 Volt, 4 ampere of electricity in most effective
way.
Power required for pedaling is well below the capacity
of an average healthy human being. The system is also useful
for the work out purpose because pedaling will act as a
health exercise and also doing a useful work. This study
aims to design and fabricate a pedal driven washing machine
to obtain a less effort uniform washing.
Types of Washing Machines
Basically washing machines are available in two main
configurations. The classification depends on the way the
clothes are introduced and the axis of rotation. The two
main configurations are top loaded and front-loaded.
Top Loaded
This design is more common in America, Canada and some
African states. Clothes are placed in a vertically mounted
basket which has perforations. This basket is contained
within a tub which retains water. At the center of the
clothes basket is a finned vertical axis agitator. Clothes
are loaded at the top of the machine through a hinged door.
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During washing the water in the tub has to fully immerse and
suspend the clothes in the inner basket. As the agitator
moves, water is pushed outwards between the fins towards the
edges.
The water then moves outward, up the sides of the
basket, towards the center, and then down towards the
agitator to repeat the process, in a circular pattern.
The agitator direction is reversed periodically as
continuous motion in one direction would lead to the water
spinning around the inner basket with the agitator rather
than the water being pumped in the torus-shaped motion.
Front Loaded
This type of design is more popular in Europe. The
front loaded design instead mounts the inner basket
horizontally.
The clothes are loaded through a glass door at the
front of the machine. The back-and-forth rotation of the
cylinder and gravity supplies the agitation. The paddles in
the drum lift up the clothes and then let them drop. This
motion loosens the weave of the fabric and thus forces water
and detergent solution through the clothes load. Clothes are
not required to be fully immersed into the water so only
enough water is needed to moisten the fabric. Since front
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loaders require less water, they use a lesser amount of
detergent and the repeated lifting and dropping action of
the folding action of whirling results in large amounts of
foam.
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Patent search report
Title:Pedal Powered washing machine
Filing Date:
Abstract
The bicycle-driven clothes washing machine includes a
bicycle frame, a drive mechanism, and a washing machine drum
assembly adjacent the bicycle frame. The drum assembly
includes an outer drum having at least a portion thereof at
least transparent or partially transparent, the outer drum
selectively filled with a washing liquid. An inner drum having
a plurality of perforations is rotatably positioned inside the
outer drum and mounted to the drive mechanism to be driven
thereby via pedal action, the inner drum holding contents to
be washed. Both the outer drum and the inner drum can be
provided with respective covers to secure contents within the
respective drums. An inlet line for introducing washing liquid
and an outlet line for draining are attached to the outer
drum. Each inlet and outlet line is provided with a valve
system selectively operable to supply washing liquid
for washing and draining the washing liquid
International Patent Classification
D06F37/30; D06F21/04 *
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Keywords: manual washing machine, Pedal washing machine
Database Search String Number
of Hits
[Link] Pedal manual washing 63
machine
[Link] Pedal washing machine 298
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Cat Citation of Documents
ego
ry
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Freepatents online
Application Number:
14/017171
Publication Date:
10/06/2015
Filing Date:
09/03/2013
claim
1. A bicycle-driven clothes washing machine,
comprising: a bicycle frame; a support member disposed
in association with the bicycle frame; a washing
machine drum assembly supported by the support member,
the washing machine drum assembly having an outer drum
at least a portion of which is transparent to visually
monitor a washing operation in the washing machine
drum assembly, the outer drum being selectively filled
a washing liquid, the outer drum having an inlet
opening and an outlet opening, and the washing machine
drum assembly including an inner drum rotatably
mounted inside the outer drum, the inner drum to hold
contents for the washing operation, the inner drum
having a plurality of perforations for ingress and
egress of the washing liquid and a drive shaft
extending axially from one end; wherein the inner drum
is constructed from a metal material, and the outer
drum is constructed from a transparent plastic
material; a drive mechanism to provide a motive force
to selectively rotate the inner drum, the drive
mechanism being operable by a physical effort of a
user to provide the motive force, the drive mechanism
being associated with the bicycle frame and having an
output mechanism communicatively connected to the
drive shaft to selectively supply the motive force to
selectively rotate the inner drum; an inlet line
operably attached to the inlet opening to supply the
washing liquid to the outer drum; and an outlet line
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operably attached to the outlet opening to drain the
washing liquid from the outer drum; wherein the outer
drum is constructed from a transparent plastic
material.
2. The bicycle-driven clothes washing machine
according to claim 1, further comprising a cover for
selectively covering an open end of said outer drum,
an O-ring communicating with the cover to seal the
open end when the cover is closed, and at least one
latching mechanism for securing said cover onto the
outer drum.
3. The bicycle-driven clothes washing machine
according to claim 2, further comprising a hinge
mounted to said cover and said outer drum to pivotally
attach said cover to said outer drum.
4. The bicycle-driven clothes washing machine
according to claim 2, further comprising a window
disposed on said cover, the window facilitating visual
access to the washing operation inside said outer
drum.
5. The bicycle-driven clothes washing machine
according to claim 1, further comprising a cover for
selectively covering an open end of said inner drum
and at least one latching mechanism for securing the
cover onto said inner drum.
* Special Categories of Cited Documents:
A document defining the general state of the art which is not considered to be of
Particular relevance
X document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be considered novel or
cannot be considered to involve an inventive step when the document is taken alone
Y document of particular relevance; the claimed invention cannot be considered to
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involve an inventive step when the document is combined with one or more other such
documents, such combination being obvious to a person skilled in the art
Note: Further references not indicated in this search report may be cited during substantive examination.
3. CERTIFICATION
Signature of Authorized Officer
