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Mango diversity in Odisha

Chapter · December 2014

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Kailash Chandra Samal

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K.C. Samal and S. K. Mohapatra1

Abstract
A survey was undertaken to understand and assess the genetic diversity of mango
(Mangifera indica L.) germplasm of Odisha based on morphological and metabolite
characters. Sixty-three numbers of mango genotypes were found promising out of 420
genotypes evaluated. A considerable variation was also observed with respect to
morphological and metabolite composition of pulp of ripe mango fruits viz. total soluble
solids, total sugar and acidity. The genotypes „Aruni‟, „Gulab Khas‟, „Gulab Basa‟,
„Madhu‟, „Vanraj‟, „Kesar‟, „Langra-2-H‟, „Baldev‟, „Ganga‟, „Kalimundi‟, „Dashehari‟,
„Himsagar‟, „Chena Manda‟, and „Karpura Basa‟ were found to be the best genotypes with
respect to multiple traits. These genotypes may be considered for large scale cultivation and
selection of parents for breeding programme. From the study it was observed that mango is
considered as sacred plant by the people and its leaves are used in all social ceremony. The
tribals fully depend upon the mango plants for curing their ailments by using the different
parts of the plant such as leaf, bark, fruits and roots for a wide variety of remedies. The root,
bark, leaves, flowers, unripe and ripe fruit are acrid, cooling and astringent to the bowels and
have been employed to cure “vata”, “pitta”, and “kapha” (terms of Ayurved). The different
parts have also been employed traditionally for treatment of leucorrhoea, bad blood;
dysentery, ophthalmia, eruption, asthma, piles, bronchitis, biliousness, vaginal troubles,
urinary discharges, throat troubles, hiccough, and labouring under habitual constipation.
Mangiferin, being a polyphenolic antioxidant and a glucosyl xanthone, it has strong
antioxidant, anti lipid peroxidation, immunomodulation, cardiotonic, hypotensive, wound
healing, antidegenerative and antidiabetic activities.
inistry of Agriculture and Cooperation, Govt. of India, New Delhi.
Table 1. Characteristics of fruit and pulp of indigenous mango genotypes
Sl. Genotype Area of Mature Pulp Total Total Acidity
No. collection Fruit (%) Soluble Sugar (%)
weight Solids (%)
(g) (%)
1 Akhurasa Gajapati 302.9 68.6 20.0 16.27 0.44
2 Radha Ballav Mayurbhanj 240.7 65.9 15.1 15.66 0.69
3 Gulab Khas Dhenkanal 215.7 68.8 20.8 16.08 0.43
4 Rasunia Koraput 140.9 66.7 16.0 14.49 0.64
5 Kanchan Boudh 251.5 67.2 18.7 18.86 0.58
6 Himsagar Dhenkanal 245.7 75.9 20.3 16.81 0.33
7 Madhu Gajapati 201.7 67.1 20.7 14.81 0.34
8 Dasia Kandhamal 172.4 68.6 19.3 18.04 0.56
9 Bombay Green Dhenkanal 210.5 71.0 16.8 15.83 0.43
10 Fajri Mayurbhanj 506.3 78.7 19.5 14.45 0.78
11 Chena Nanda Nuapada 213.4 72.8 19.1 14.70 0.45
Sl. Genotype Area of Mature Pulp Total Total Acidity
No. collection Fruit (%) Soluble Sugar (%)
weight Solids (%)
(g) (%)
12 Prasan Bhog Sambalpur 210.4 73.5 19.4 17.07 0.53
13 Banganpalli Ganjam 325.4 70.9 19.7 16.14 0.47
14 Vanraj Khurda 318.4 67.5 20.7 17.81 0.48
15 Suvarnarekha Angul 238.3 70.1 17.3 14.79 0.53
16 Kesar Khurda 282.9 69.5 20.7 18.24 0.37
17 Lat Sundari Khurda 226.9 71.1 16.6 16.45 0.41
18 Totapuri Khurda 330.8 69.8 14.9 14.45 0.54
19 Neelum Ganjam 178.7 68.0 21.7 16.58 0.41
20 Mulgoa Keonjhar 351.8 69.8 14.8 15.65 0.37
21 Khirisa Rayagada 175.8 74.4 19.3 15.86 0.56
22 Kadalia Subarnapur 214.6 75.8 15.5 11.18 0.92
23 Mayur Rayagada 210.6 72.1 21.6 18.97 0.46
24 Chiratpuri Khurda 268.6 71.5 17.9 13.45 0.76
25 Nakei Nayagarh 214.6 71.1 14.7 13.63 0.59
26 Sundari Rayagada 248.9 70.5 17.4 16.65 0.50
27 Kalimundi Balangir 237.9 75.2 20.6 19.48 0.37
28 Bathua Cuttack 220.0 76.6 17.2 15.28 0.56
29 Mati Khania Puri 211.7 74.6 19.0 15.22 0.65
30 Aruni Mayurbhanj 230.5 74.4 21.1 17.78 0.42
31 Chena Manda Nayagarh 218.9 63.0 20.1 16.80 0.80
32 Balei Keonjhar 299.7 73.5 16.9 16.11 0.44
33 Baramasi Cuttack 165.7 68.5 18.6 13.45 0.43
34 Sai Sungdha Khurda 401.8 70.1 16.6 16.45 0.49
35 Dashehari Khurda 201.7 74.4 20.4 18.56 0.37
36 Cherukurasam Ganjam 282.6 68.9 19.0 13.93 0.46
37 Bileimundei Keonjhar 400.5 76.0 16.6 14.83 0.54
38 Dophasal Cuttack 335.6 70.0 14.6 15.05 0.64
39 Miskanta Cuttack 198.7 66.6 15.1 13.88 0.57
40 Kancha Mitha Cuttack 192.7 66.2 18.6 18.81 0.31
41 Jamuna Cuttack 145.6 74.9 16.6 15.88 0.43
42 Karpura Basa Cuttack 287.2 68.3 21.4 17.61 0.33
43 Gulab Basa Cuttack 162.5 68.7 19.0 16.41 0.54
44 Langra -1-D Keonjhar 283.3 74.7 18.6 15.05 0.37
45 Langra -2-H Keonjhar 280.4 75.5 20.6 15.41 0.41
46 Amin Tehasil Dhenkanal 335.9 71.6 14.7 14.88 0.53
47 Sundar Pasand Deogarh 208.4 70.7 15.2 15.4 0.44
48 Hunkagaja Angul 228.4 69.6 15.6 13.81 0.47
49 Lajkuli Bandana Cuttack 193.4 72.6 16.3 12.98 0.44
50 Khajara Deogarh 195.9 73.1 15.6 14.79 0.54
51 Phatansa Deogarh 135.1 72.2 15.6 14.57 0.53
52 Sabri Khurda 351.1 72.8 18.5 16.77 0.53
53 Chausa Khurda 290.6 73.7 15.9 15.61 0.53
54 Niranjan Khurda 190.4 75.3 14.8 10.79 0.83
 Sl. Genotype Area of Mature Pulp Total Total Acidity
No. collection Fruit (%) Soluble Sugar (%)
weight Solids (%)
(g) (%)
55 Ganga Cuttack 180.7 71.8 20.6 18.59 0.38
56 Jahangir Khurda 418.8 70.3 12.6 10.32 0.57
57 Hatimundia Keonjhar 376.3 74.3 14.7 10.45 0.57
58 Baldev Keonjhar 160.7 74.2 20.6 17.59 0.34
59 Kuanri Keonjhar 179.8 62.6 11.5 10.47 0.80
60 Premsagar Deogarh 276.8 72.5 16.2 15.45 0.40
61 Totapuri Small Khurda
135.8 59.8 14.5 12.98 0.53
Red
62 Anandsagar Deogarh 200.9 69.5 14.9 15.81 0.57
63 Kishen Bhog Keonjhar 352.2 67.9 16.7 15.79 0.47

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