National Textile University
BSc. Textile Engineering
Garment Manufacturing
LAB REPORT
Course Title: Garment Manufacturing
Semester: 4th
Section: d
Practical No: 3
TITLE: To study the parts of two needle four thread over lock machine
Registration Number: 17-ntu-0074
17-NTU-0094
17-ntu-0118
Date Experiment was conducted: 11-02-2019
Date Report was submitted:18-02-2019
Abstract:
In this experiment, we were interested to study the different parts of two needle four
thread over lock machine. The machine had the following parts: thread stand assembly, thread
guide, two hole thread guide assembly vertical and horizontal, upper looper thread guide A B C
D, lower looper thread guide A B C D, lower and upper looper, lower and upper knife, feed dog,
thread take up lever, cloth plate, oil gauge, eye shield. Function of each part was also studied.
Introduction:
Mainly over edge machines are overlock machines. In this type of sewing machines there
are one or two needles and edge trimming knife is at the front of needle. To make over
lock stitch 2-5 threads are used. Usually SPM of over lock machine is 6500. But SPM of
8500 machines are also found. In this machine there also stretching (stretching max 1:
0.6) and gathering (gathering max 1: 4) systems during feeding cloth. Stitch is done up to
maximum 4 mm length and stitch length may also be changed by push button. This type
of machines can be used for sewing for both woven and knitted cloths.
Two rows of parallel stitching at the sleeve and/or bottom hem for a cleaner, more
finished look.
Special needle used in household zig-zag sewing machines, consisting of two needle
blades which are connected to one shank by means of a plastic bridge. Used for pattern
controlled decorative seams with two needle threads as well as for the sewing of tucks by
means of an inserted cord.
A seam commonly used in Jeanswear garments (shirts, jeans, jackets) where a sewing
machine stitches two threads side by side for strength at one time.
Objectives:
To study the different parts of overlock machine.
To understand the function of each part of overlock machine.
Theory:
An over lock machine, also called
Overedge machine
Serger
Merrow
Equipment and materials:
Two needle four threads over lock machine
Method:
A two needle four threads over lock machine was observed. Parts of the machine were observed,
and function of each part was studied.
Results:
This practical results in the observation of the following part of the two needle four threads over
lock machine:
2
Thread stand assembly:
This is used for holding cones and work as a thread
provider.
Thread guide pin rod assembly:
its purpose is providing path for thread when
passing through its eyes. And ensure the smooth flow of
thread.
Thread guide tensioner
assembly:
In this guide having four tensioners:
2 tensioners use for needles (these
tensioners provide the
tension of needles)
2 tensioners use for Loopers (these
tensioners provide the tension of loopers)
Guides:
Two-hole thread guide (horizontal)
Two-hole thread guide (vertical)
(these guides use for thread guide)
Upper looper
thread guide A B C D
(its direction of movement is
right to left)
Lower looper
thread guide A B C D
(its direction of movement is left to right)
Two-hole thread guide needle bar A B C D
Looper:
Lower looper:
Its function is to stitch the upper part of
the garments.
Upper looper:
3
Its function is to stitch the upper part of the garments.
Knife:
Lower knife
Upper knife
(when both knifes are combines then they work a cutting the fabric from edges
which is extra after stitching of edges of garments.)
Needle and parts:
Needle clamp body holds needle in machine.
Presser foot holds fabric against feed system.
Presser foot lifter lifts the presser foot.
Needle:
It is use for stitching garments.
Needle bar:
In which needle clamp is fixed and move needle up
and down.
Needle bar clamp:
This is attached with needle bar and in which needle
is fixed.
Needle bar cap
Needle plat/thread plat:
This plate is fixed in which feed dog and position of needle is also toward this
plate.
Presser foot:
This is for grip of fabric during stitching which
exerts pressure and hold the fabric.
Presser foot arm:
Its function is like a bridge between machine and
presser foot.
Foot lifter:
It is controlling the presser foot by foot of worker
because is attached at lower part
of the machine table.
Hand lever/lifter:
It is also controlling the presser foot by hand of
working because is attached at upper side of
machine.
Feed dog:
4
This is for the movement of fabric during the stitching. Its position is in between
of needle plate and sliding plate and below pressure foot.
Eye shield:
Its function is providing the safety of eye from
shorts pieces of threads.
Thread take up lever:
it is control thread and movement up and down.
Thread take up lever cover:
It provides the safety from thread take up lever because
movement of thread take up lever is very fast when
machine in progress.
Table Top:
This is the upper surface of table at which machine is
fixed.
Machine Stand:
At which machine and table are placed.
Parts use for Machine lubrication:
These is very important in every machine which is having very high speed
of rotation because due to high speed machine parts heat produce and
create friction between the machine parts therefore this the major cause we
are made oil section in machine.
Oil sight window:
This is on above of machine head and control the oil in
outward direction during running of machine.
Oil plug
Oil container:
This is like a box in which two levels of oil will mentioned
as low and high we should maintain the oil between them. Oil is
supplied to all parts of machine from here.
Oil gauge:
It is used to check the oil of machine.
Cloth plate
Hand wheel:
5
This is for changing the position of needle by rotating manually.
Belt cover:
This is used for workers safety. This is covered the outer side of belt.
Conclusion:
This type of machine cannot be used for normal purpose. But for making a
complete garment their importance cannot be denied. Special care and sufficient
knowledge is necessary for proper working. Otherwise faulty sewing may be
done.
