INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF
GREEN CHEMISTRY
WHAT IS GREEN CHEMISTRY ?
Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and
processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of
hazardous substances. Green chemistry applies across the
life cycle of a chemical product, including its design,
manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal. Green chemistry
is also known as sustainable chemistry.
How GREEN CHEMISTRY differs
from REMEDIATION ?
Green chemistry reduces
pollution at its source by minimizing or eliminating the
hazards of chemical products.
This is unlike cleaning up pollution (remediation), which
involves treating waste streams and other releases.
Remediation include separating hazardous chemicals
from other materials, then treating them so they are no
longer hazardous or concentrating them for safe disposal.
Most remediation activities do not involve green
chemistry. Remediation removes hazardous materials
from the environment; on the other hand, green chemistry
keeps the hazardous materials out of the environment in
the first place.
If a technology reduces or eliminates the hazardous
chemicals used to clean up environmental contaminants,
this technology would qualify as a green chemistry
technology.
Green chemistry's 12 principles
1. Prevent waste: Design chemical syntheses to prevent
waste. Leave no waste to treat or clean up.
2. Maximize atom economy: Design syntheses so that
the final product contains the maximum proportion of the
starting materials. Waste few or no atoms.
3. Design less hazardous chemical syntheses: Design
syntheses to use and generate substances with little or no
toxicity to either humans or the environment.
4. Design safer chemicals and products: Design
chemical products that are fully effective yet have little or
no toxicity.
5. Use safer solvents and reaction conditions: Avoid
using solvents, separation agents, or other auxiliary
chemicals. If you must use these chemicals, use safer
ones.
6. Increase energy efficiency: Run chemical reactions at
room temperature and pressure whenever possible.
7. Use renewable feedstocks: Use starting materials (also
known as feedstocks) that are renewable rather than
depletable. The source of renewable feedstocks is often
agricultural products or the wastes of other processes; the
source of depletable feedstocks is often fossil fuels
(petroleum, natural gas, or coal) or mining operations.
8. Avoid chemical derivatives: Avoid using blocking or
protecting groups or any temporary modifications if
possible. Derivatives use additional reagents and generate
waste.
9. Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents: Minimize
waste by using catalytic reactions. Catalysts are effective
in small amounts and can carry out a single reaction many
times. They are preferable to stoichiometric reagents,
which are used in excess and carry out a reaction only
once.
10. Design chemicals and products to degrade after
use: Design chemical products to break down to
innocuous substances after use so that they do not
accumulate in the environment.
11. Analyze in real time to prevent pollution: Include
in-process, real-time monitoring and control during
syntheses to minimize or eliminate the formation of
byproducts.
12. Minimize the potential for accidents: Design
chemicals and their physical forms (solid, liquid, or gas)
to minimize the potential for chemical accidents including
explosions, fires, and releases to the environment.
Industrial applications of green
chemistry
Green Chemistry is not a lab-curiosity; instead it
aims at big objective of creating a sustainable
tomorrow. Increasing number of green
methodologies developed by academic and industrial
researchers enables companies to commercialize
these ideas. Industry, from small businesses to large
corporations, has already made strategic moves
towards sustainability by adopting the principles of
green chemistry. The development of less hazardous
processes and commercial products, the shift from
inefficient chemical routes towards bio-based
synthesis, and the replacement of oil-based feed
stocks by renewable starting materials are only a few
examples of the major decisions taken that will
ultimately have vast consequences for the world
chemical markets.
As per the analysis of Environmental Protection
Agency, the US drug industry has decreased the use
of VOCs by 50% between 2004 and 2013 by adopting
principles of green chemistry. In the same time span,
the amount of chemical waste released to air, land
and water decreased by 7% as per Toxics Release
Inventory (TRI) of EPA.
MAJOR USES
•Waste minimization in drug discovery
•Green Technologies in the Pharmaceutical Industry
•Environmental and Regulatory Aspects
•Food & Flavor Industry
•Paper & Pulp Industry
•Polymer Industry
•Sugar & Distillery Industries
•Textile and Tannery Industry
THANKYOU
