Name- Amit Kumar

Reg.No.-20BIT0069
Slot-L11+L12

Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem

E. No.2 Date:20/10/2020

Aim:
To obtain branch voltage and current of Specific

branch of a given DC circuit using Thevenin’s theorem .

Apparatus Required:

S.No Component/part in ORCAD Value Path in the directory

1 DC Voltage source 100V PSPICE\SOURCE\VDC

2 5 ohms
3 10 ohms
4 Resistors 20 ohms PSPICE\ANALOG\R
5 25 ohms
6 50 ohms
7 Ground 0V Place >> Ground

Analysis Type: Bias point

Theory:
Thevenin’s Theorem
A linear, active, resistive network which contains one or
more voltage or current sources can be replaced by a single
voltage source and a series resistance. The voltage is called
the Thevenin’s equivalent voltage, VTH and series resistance
is called the Thevenin’s equivalent resistance, RTH.

Procedure steps for obtaining Thevenin circuit:

To find the Thevenin’s voltage VTH :

1. Remove the load resistor(RL) and keep the terminals
open.
2. Analyze the circuit to find the voltage across open
terminals of the load resistance (open circuit voltage).
3. The voltage across open terminals of the load
resistance is called Thevenin’s voltage.
To find the Thevenin’s resistance RTH :

1. Make the all independent sources dead. Replace all the

independent voltage sources with short circuit and all the
independent current sources with the open circuit.
2. Remove the load resistor (RL) and find the equivalent
Circuit resistance by looking from the open terminals of
the load resistance.
3. The computed resistance is called Thevenin’s resistance,
RTH

Obtain the Thevenin’s equivalent circuit with Thevenin’s

voltage connected in series with the Thevenin’s resistance.

Connect the load resistance in

series with the Thevenin’s
resistance.
To obtain the current through R3 and voltage
across R3 of the given circuit applying the
Thevenin’s theorem.
R5

10Ω

R1 R2

5Ω 20Ω

V1 R4
50Ω
100Vdc
R3
25Ω

1.Obtain thevenin’s voltage

Remove the R3 resistor

Calculate Voltage across a-b terminals.

R5
 
10Ω

R1 R2 VC
EE
5Ω 20Ω
R4Ω
V1
a 50Ω
100Vdc

0
Vab = E – IR1R1
Vab = 97.5V

2. Obtain thevenin’s resistance

Make the independent voltage and current sources zero.

Voltage source short circuit
Current source open circuit
Find the circuit resistance by applying voltage between
a-b terminals

R5

10 Ω
R1 a R2
Y
X 5 Ω 20 Ω
R4
50
V1

100Vdc

b
0
 5 Ω

a 20 Ω
10 Ω
X
y
V_INPUT
50 Ω
100Vdc

b
0

Rth = 4.25 Ω
1. Obtain thevenin’s voltage: Vab = 97.5V
2. Obtain thevenin’s resistance: RTH = 4.25 Ω
3. Draw the Thevenin’s equivalent circuit:
R TH

4 .2 5

VTH
9 7 .5 V d c R 3
25

4. Calculate current through R3: IR3 = 3.334A

5. Calculate voltage across R3: VR3 =83.334V
Experimental Procedure:

To obtain Thevenin’s Voltage(VTH):

1. Create the given circuit diagram in new project file
using the general procedure and remove the interested
branch.
2. Replace the default component value and source value
as per given circuit diagram.
3. Create the New simulation profile and set analysis type
as Bias point.
4. Run the simulation and note down the bias voltage
across the removed branch open terminals.
5. The obtained voltage is Thevenin’s voltage, VTH .

To obtain Thevenin’s Resistance (RTH):

1. Remove the voltage source and short circuit the
connection.
2. Replace the interested branch element with a voltage
source.
3. Enable the bias voltage and current display.
4. Vary the voltage in voltage source and note down the
current values through the voltage source.
 5. Find the resistance (RTH) of the circuit from the noted
voltage and current value using Ohm’s law.
6. Calculate the average value of RTH

To obtain the voltage across and current through

the interested branch:
1. Create Thevenin’s equivalent circuit with Thevenin’s
voltage and Thevenin’s resistance in series with the
interested branch element.

2. Simulate the circuit and note the voltage across and

current through the interested branch element.

3. Compare the difference between the recorded results

and calculated (theoretical) results.

Tabulation for RTH calculation:

S.No V_IN I_IN R_TH
1 10V   2.353A  4.249 Ω
2 20V  4.706A  4.249 Ω
3 30V  7.059A  4.249 Ω
4 40V  9.412A  4.249 Ω
5 50V  11.77A  4.249 Ω
Average of R_TH  4.249 Ω

Tabulation for values comparison:

% difference 
S.N Param Theoretical Res Experimental Re
= {(T-
O eter ult (T) sult (E) 
E)/T}x100
1 V_TH  97.5V  97.5V  0
2 R_TH  4.25 Ω  4.249 Ω  0.0235
V_Bran
3  83.334V  83.33V  0.0048
ch
I_Branc
4  3.334A  3.333A  0.0299
h
Bias Voltage and Bias Currents in simulation:
 R 5

0V 8 8 2 .4 m A 8 .8 2 4 V
10

R 1 R 2

6 .0 0 0 A 3 0 .0 0 V 1 .0 5 9 A
5 20

3 0 .0 0 V
1 7 6 .5 m A
R 4
50
V2
0V
30Vdc

7 .0 5 9 A

0V

0
 R 5
R 5
0V 1 .4 7 1 A 1 4 .7 1 V
10
0V 1 .1 7 7 A 1 1 .7 7 V
10

R 1 R 2
R 1 R 2
1 0 .0 0 A 5 0 .0 0 V 1 .7 6 5 A
8 .0 0 0 A 4 0 .0 0 V 1 .4 1 2 A 5 20
5 20

5 0 .0 0 V
4 0 .0 0 V 2 9 4 .1 m A
2 3 5 .3 m A R 4
R 4
50
50 V2
V2 0V
0V 50Vdc
40Vdc

9 .4 1 2 A 1 1 .7 7 A

0V 0V

0 0

Conclusions:
The Thevenin’s equivalent circuit of the
Given circuit is obtained.
The voltage across and current through
The interested branch element is obtained
Using Thevenin’s theorem.
The obtained values are verified with the
theoretically calculated values.