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Control Valve Sizing Guide

The document discusses control valve sizing and selection, explaining concepts like vena contracta, choked flow, and valve recovery factor. It provides examples of specifying control valves for water applications under maximum, normal, and minimum flow conditions with details on pipe size, pressures, temperatures, and flow rates. The document also outlines a continuum of modulating valve types from globe valves to segmented ball valves in terms of increasing pressure drop capability and isolation benefits.

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nagarjun
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100 views14 pages

Control Valve Sizing Guide

The document discusses control valve sizing and selection, explaining concepts like vena contracta, choked flow, and valve recovery factor. It provides examples of specifying control valves for water applications under maximum, normal, and minimum flow conditions with details on pipe size, pressures, temperatures, and flow rates. The document also outlines a continuum of modulating valve types from globe valves to segmented ball valves in terms of increasing pressure drop capability and isolation benefits.

Uploaded by

nagarjun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Live Control Valve Sizing

Using Sizing Program


June 10, 2020

Serge Trudel & Ralph Forte


Flow Through a restriction

• As fluid flows through


Restriction Vena Contracta
a restriction, the
fluid’s velocity increases. Flow

• The Bernoulli Principle P1 P2


states that as the velocity
of a fluid or gas increases,
its pressure decreases.
Velocity Profile
• The Vena Contracta is the
point of smallest flow
Pressure Profile
area, highest velocity, and
lowest pressure.
Terminology
Vapor Pressure Pv
The vapor pressure of a fluid is the pressure at which the fluid is
in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed state. Vapor
Pressure is sensitive to Temperature. When a fluid drops below it
vapor pressure the fluid changes state and goes from liquid to gas.

Pressure at the Vena Contracta Pvc


This is the pressure at the Vena Contracta which occurs based
upon the valve geometry and calculated by flow test conducted by
the valve manufacturer.
Differential Pressure (Pressure Drop through the valve)
Valve Recovery Factor
Pressure Profile of flow through the valve
Choked Flow

Choked flow in liquids occurs when


vapor is formed as the result of
cavitation or flashing, this increases the
specific volume of the fluid.

Flow no longer increases by increasing


the differential pressure. In other
words, the flow is choked and cannot
be increased by lowering the
downstream pressure increasing the
differential pressure.
Choked Flow
Specifying Control Valves
Continuum of Modulating Valves
Globe/rising stem world

Multi-stage
¼ Turn/rotary Globe
world
Eccentric Plug

Segmented Ball

Full Ball
3 Offset Butterfly
2 Offset Butterfly Increasing Pressure drop Capability
Cost Butterfly

Increasing isolation benefits

Control Valve School – Modulating Control Valve Selection


Exercise #1

Fluid: Water

Service Conditions: Maximum Normal Minimum

Flow Rate: 900 gpm 600 gpm 100 gpm


Upstream Pressure: 125 psig 125 psig 70 psig
Downstream Pressure: 95 psig 95 psig 55 psig
Temperature: 75 F 75 F 75 F
Pipe Size 6” Schedule 40
Exercise #2

Fluid: Water

Service Conditions: Maximum Normal Minimum

Flow Rate: 1000 gpm 800 gpm 200 gpm


Upstream Pressure: 180 psig 180 psig 180 psig
Downstream Pressure: 120 psig 140 psig 65 psig
Temperature: 75 F 75 F 75 F
Pipe Size 4” Schedule 40
Thanks for your time.
Questions/feedback please.

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