DEP SPECIFICATION

CENTRIFUGAL FANS FOR PETROLEUM, CHEMICAL, AND

GAS INDUSTRY SERVICES
(AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO API 673)

DEP [Link]-Gen.

February 2012
ECCN EAR99

DESIGN AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE

© 2012 Shell Group of companies

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, published or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the copyright owner or Shell Global Solutions International BV.

This document contains information that is classified as EAR99 and, as a consequence, can neither be exported nor re-exported to any country which is under an
embargo of the U.S. government pursuant to Part 746 of the Export Administration Regulations (15 C.F.R. Parts 746) nor can be made available to any national of such
country. In addition, the information in this document cannot be exported nor re-exported to an end-user or for an end-use that is prohibited by Part 744 of the Export
Administration Regulations (15 C.F.R. Parts 744).
ECCN EAR99 DEP [Link]-Gen.
February 2012
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PREFACE

DEP (Design and Engineering Practice) publications reflect the views, at the time of publication, of Shell Global Solutions
International B.V. (Shell GSI) and, in some cases, of other Shell Companies.
These views are based on the experience acquired during involvement with the design, construction, operation and
maintenance of processing units and facilities. Where deemed appropriate DEPs are based on, or reference international,
regional, national and industry standards.
The objective is to set the standard for good design and engineering practice to be applied by Shell companies in oil and
gas production, oil refining, gas handling, gasification, chemical processing, or any other such facility, and thereby to help
achieve maximum technical and economic benefit from standardization.
The information set forth in these publications is provided to Shell companies for their consideration and decision to
implement. This is of particular importance where DEPs may not cover every requirement or diversity of condition at each
locality. The system of DEPs is expected to be sufficiently flexible to allow individual Operating Units to adapt the
information set forth in DEPs to their own environment and requirements.
When Contractors or Manufacturers/Suppliers use DEPs, they shall be solely responsible for such use, including the
quality of their work and the attainment of the required design and engineering standards. In particular, for those
requirements not specifically covered, the Principal will typically expect them to follow those design and engineering
practices that will achieve at least the same level of integrity as reflected in the DEPs. If in doubt, the Contractor or
Manufacturer/Supplier shall, without detracting from his own responsibility, consult the Principal.
The right to obtain and to use DEPs is restricted, and is granted by Shell GSI (and in some cases by other Shell
Companies) under a Service Agreement or a License Agreement. This right is granted primarily to Shell companies and
other companies receiving technical advice and services from Shell GSI or another Shell Company. Consequently, three
categories of users of DEPs can be distinguished:
1) Operating Units having a Service Agreement with Shell GSI or another Shell Company. The use of DEPs by these
Operating Units is subject in all respects to the terms and conditions of the relevant Service Agreement.
2) Other parties who are authorised to use DEPs subject to appropriate contractual arrangements (whether as part of
a Service Agreement or otherwise).
3) Contractors/subcontractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers under a contract with users referred to under 1) or 2)
which requires that tenders for projects, materials supplied or - generally - work performed on behalf of the said
users comply with the relevant standards.
Subject to any particular terms and conditions as may be set forth in specific agreements with users, Shell GSI disclaims
any liability of whatsoever nature for any damage (including injury or death) suffered by any company or person
whomsoever as a result of or in connection with the use, application or implementation of any DEP, combination of DEPs
or any part thereof, even if it is wholly or partly caused by negligence on the part of Shell GSI or other Shell Company. The
benefit of this disclaimer shall inure in all respects to Shell GSI and/or any Shell Company, or companies affiliated to these
companies, that may issue DEPs or advise or require the use of DEPs.
Without prejudice to any specific terms in respect of confidentiality under relevant contractual arrangements, DEPs shall
not, without the prior written consent of Shell GSI, be disclosed by users to any company or person whomsoever and the
DEPs shall be used exclusively for the purpose for which they have been provided to the user. They shall be returned after
use, including any copies which shall only be made by users with the express prior written consent of Shell GSI. The
copyright of DEPs vests in Shell Group of companies. Users shall arrange for DEPs to be held in safe custody and Shell
GSI may at any time require information satisfactory to them in order to ascertain how users implement this requirement.
All administrative queries should be directed to the DEP Administrator in Shell GSI.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 4
1.1 SCOPE........................................................................................................................ 4
1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS ......... 4
1.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 4
1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 5
1.5 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP ....................................................................................... 5
1.6 DUAL UNITS ............................................................................................................... 5
PART II GENERAL................................................................................................................... 6
PART III AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO API 673 .......................................................... 7
1 General ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................. 7
1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS ............................................................................................ 7
1.7 DEVIATIONS .............................................................................................................. 7
2 Basic Design ........................................................................................................... 7
2.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 FAN HOUSING ........................................................................................................... 8
2.3 FAN HOUSING CONNECTIONS ............................................................................... 8
2.4 EXTERNAL FORCES AND MOMENTS ..................................................................... 8
2.5 ROTATING ELEMENTS ............................................................................................. 8
2.6 SHAFT SEALING OF FANS ....................................................................................... 9
2.7 DYNAMICS ................................................................................................................. 9
2.8 BEARINGS AND BEARING HOUSINGS ................................................................. 10
2.9 LUBRICATION .......................................................................................................... 10
3. Accessories ........................................................................................................... 10
3.2 COUPLINGS AND GUARDS .................................................................................... 10
3.3 BELT DRIVES ........................................................................................................... 11
3.4 MOUNTING PLATES ................................................................................................ 11
3.5 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATION.................................................................. 11
3.7 INLET TRASH SCREENS ........................................................................................ 12
3.11 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROL PANELS ............................................................. 12
4. Inspection, Testing, and Preparation for Shipment .................................... 12
4.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 12
4.2 INSPECTION ............................................................................................................ 12
4.3 TESTING................................................................................................................... 12
4.4 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT ............................................................................ 13
5. Vendor Data ........................................................................................................... 13
5.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 13
PART IV REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 14
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PART I INTRODUCTION

1.1 SCOPE
This new DEP specifies requirements and gives recommendations for design, materials,
inspection, and testing of fans intended for continuous duty in petroleum, chemical, and gas
industry services. Fans that conform to this DEP can be used in services such as process
gas, furnace forced draft, and furnace induced draft.
This DEP is based on API 673, 2nd edition, January 2002, Reaffirmed November 2010.
Part III of this DEP amends, supplements and deletes various clauses and paragraphs of
API 673.
Clauses in API 673 which are not mentioned in this DEP shall remain valid as written.

1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS

Unless otherwise authorised by Shell GSI, the distribution of this DEP is confined to Shell
companies and, where necessary, to Contractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers nominated
by them. Any authorized access to DEPs does not for that reason constitute an
authorization to any documents, data or information to which the DEPs may refer.
This DEP is intended for use in facilities related to oil and gas production, gas handling, oil
refining, chemical processing, gasification, distribution and supply/marketing. Application in
other facilities may also apply.
When DEPs are applied, a Management of Change (MOC) process shall be implemented;
this is of particular importance when existing facilities are to be modified.
If national and/or local regulations exist in which some of the requirements could be more
stringent than in this DEP, the Contractor shall determine by careful scrutiny which of the
requirements are the more stringent and which combination of requirements will be
acceptable with regards to the safety, environmental, economic and legal aspects. In all
cases, the Contractor shall inform the Principal of any deviation from the requirements of
this DEP which is considered to be necessary in order to comply with national and/or local
regulations. The Principal may then negotiate with the Authorities concerned, the objective
being to obtain agreement to follow this DEP as closely as possible.

1.3 DEFINITIONS
1.3.1 General definitions
The Contractor is the party that carries out all or part of the design, engineering,
procurement, construction, commissioning or management of a project or operation of a
facility. The Principal may undertake all or part of the duties of the Contractor.
The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party that manufactures or supplies equipment and
services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor.
NOTE: The term Vendor is used in API STD 673. In the context of this DEP, Vendor shall be understood to
mean Manufacturer/Supplier.

The Principal is the party that initiates the project and ultimately pays for it. The Principal
may also include an agent or consultant authorized to act for, and on behalf of, the
Principal.
NOTE: The term Purchaser is used in API STD 673. In the context of this DEP, Purchaser shall be
understood to mean Principal.

The word shall indicates a requirement.

The word should indicates a recommendation.
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1.3.2 Specific definitions

Term Definition
Vital service Service in which failure of equipment causes an unsafe condition,
resulting in jeopardy to life and/or major damage (fire, explosion, etc.).
Essential, non- Service in which failure of equipment renders a plant inoperable or
spared service reduces performance to a level unacceptable to the Principal.
Essential, spared Service in which failure of equipment renders a plant inoperable or
service reduces performance to a level unacceptable to the Principal, but
where that equipment has an installed spare.
Non-essential All other services
service

1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES
Where cross-references to other parts of this DEP are made, the referenced section
number is shown in brackets. Other documents referenced by this DEP are listed in
(Part IV).

1.5 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP

Comments on this DEP may be sent to the Administrator at standards@[Link], using
the DEP Feedback Form. The DEP Feedback Form can be found on the main page of
“DEPs on the Web”, available through the Global Technical Standards web portal
[Link] and on the main page of the DEPs DVD-ROM.

1.6 DUAL UNITS

This DEP contains both the International System (SI) units, as well as the corresponding
US Customary (USC) units, which are given following the SI units in brackets. When
agreed by the Principal, the indicated USC values/units may be used.
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PART II GENERAL
Part III of this DEP is written as amendments and supplements to API 673, second edition,
January 2002, reaffirmed November 2010. Wherever reference is made to API 673, it shall
be understood to mean API 673, second edition, January 2002, as amended/supplemented
by this DEP.
For ease of reference, the clause numbering of API 673 has been used throughout Part III
of this DEP.
Clauses in API 673 which are not mentioned in this DEP shall remain valid as written.
A bullet (•) in the margin against certain clauses in API 673 indicates that a decision by the
Principal is required. This DEP addresses the decisions required by most of the API 673
bullet clauses. The remaining decisions shall be indicated directly on the relevant
data/requisition sheet when provisions are made for them; otherwise they shall be indicated
on the data/requisition sheet(s) under the heading 'Additional Requirements' or stated in the
purchase order.
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PART III AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO API 673

1 General

1.3 CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS

Replace this clause with:
In the event of conflict between documents relating to the inquiry or purchase order, the
following hierarchy of documents shall apply:
Upper level - purchase order and variations thereto
Second level - data/requisition sheets and drawings
Third level - this DEP

1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Replace sentence with:
Terms used in this standard are defined in 1.4.1 through 1.4.34.
Add to paragraph:
1.4.31 Trip speed for variable speed drivers should be 110 % of the maximum continuous
operating speed.
Add new term:
1.4.34 High temperature service: Service with a fan inlet temperature greater than 200°C
(400°F). Fans in this service are called “high-temperature fans”.

Add new clause:

1.7 DEVIATIONS
Quotation shall clearly state any deviations or exceptions to this DEP.

2 Basic Design

2.1 GENERAL

2.1.1 Replace the paragraph with:

The equipment (including auxiliaries) covered by this standard shall be designed and
constructed for a minimum service life of 20 years and at least 3 years of uninterrupted
service. However, modifications needed for 6 years of uninterrupted service shall be
discussed with the Principal before the final design criteria are selected.
Add to paragraph:
2.1.12 Manufacturer’s/Supplier’s representative shall be present during construction to verify
duct/flange alignment and train alignment for vital/essential un-spared services.
Add to paragraph:
2.1.15 Speed shall be limited to 1800 rpm or less unless otherwise approved by the Principal.
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2.2 FAN HOUSING

Replace entire paragraph with:
2.2.5 It is the responsibility of the fan Vendor to determine the optimum support method for the
fan housing.
a. Design of support shall be subject to the approval of the Principal.
b. Fan housing shall be adequately supported in order to minimize changes in
housing/rotor relative position and to maintain shaft to housing seal clearances and
alignment within Manufacturer’s/Supplier’s limits.
c. High temperature fans shall have the casing adequately supported and guided to
allow for thermal expansion without affecting the casing’s center-line position. In this
case, due attention shall be paid to the connection of the casing to the seal housing
to ensure that the seal housing is not distorted due to forces induced by thermal
expansion of the casing and/or by piping or ducting forces.
d. A flexible connection shall be provided between the casing and the seal housing and
a rigid connection shall be provided between the seal housing and the bearing
bracket.
e. In tropical climates, the type of seal shall be selected to accommodate differences in
thermal expansion between a foot-mounted casing and bearing pedestals.
NOTE: A fan housing is normally supported from feet mounted at the lowest point or on the housing
centerline. Because the fan rotor is usually separately supported, changes in relative position between
rotor and housing will result due to the thermal expansion of the components. It is the fan Vendor’s
responsibility to ensure that all clearances are adequately controlled over the range of temperatures
for which the fan is specified to operate.

2.3 FAN HOUSING CONNECTIONS

2.3.1 Add to paragraph:
Inlet and discharge connections shall be orientated as specified on the data/requisition
sheet. Flanges shall have a thickness of at least three times the casing wall thickness
unless otherwise approved by the Principal.
[Link] Remove from last sentence “when specified”

2.3.3 Delete section [Link].

2.4 EXTERNAL FORCES AND MOMENTS

Add to paragraph:
2.4.1 The Purchaser and the fan Vendor shall work together to minimise the external forces and
moments on the fan housing. The fan Vendor is responsible for specifying and providing
expansion joints between the fan and the ductwork when expansion joints are required.
Expansion joints shall be sized to accept the normal expansion and contraction loads of the
fan housing without causing undue stress on the housing or the duct.

2.5 ROTATING ELEMENTS

Add to paragraph:
2.5.1 Fan materials shall be selected based on and suitable for operation with the gas specified
on the data sheet. Consideration shall be given to corrosion, erosion, and temperature that
can have a negative influence on the performance of the material across the range of
operation defined on the data sheet. See standard EN 14986 for guidance on fans handling
potentially flammable gases.
Add new paragraph before clause:
2.5.2 Blade design shall be proposed by the Vendor for the approval of the Principal. Purchaser
shall accurately categorize the process gas and identify whether it is wet or dry, abrasive or
ECCN EAR99 DEP [Link]-Gen.
February 2012
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non-abrasive, and whether it is expected to build up on the fan. NOTE: The mere presence
of a dry, non-abrasive dust shall not limit the Vendor to supplying radial blades. The most
efficient design should be applied.
Add new paragraph before clause:
2.5.5 For vital or essential, un-spared overhung fans, the impeller shall be mounted on the shaft
with a hydraulic keyless taper fit to allow the impeller hub to be removed to replace or
maintain bearings or sealing elements only if a split fan housing is not available, or the
entire fan and shaft cannot be removed as an assembly. Lock-nuts, if used, shall be self-
locking (counter rotation thread) and positively located by means of lock screws or a lock
plate. High temperature fan impellers should be located on the shaft by means of an end
plate fastened to the shaft and impeller by cap screws, rather than by using a keyed
construction.
Replace last sentence with:
2.5.5 Cast or ductile iron shall not be used.
Add to end of clause:
2.5.6 Fan Vendor shall specify the maximum allowable rate of change that the fan can withstand
in order to assure that an adequate hub to shaft interference is maintained.

2.6 SHAFT SEALING OF FANS

Add to clause:
2.6.1 For flammable or hazardous services, shaft seals shall be one of the following types, as
specified on the data/requisition sheet:
a. Labyrinth. This type may include carbon ring packing in addition to the labyrinths, if
approved by the Principal. If required, connections for an inert gas sealing system
shall be supplied. Provision shall be made for measurement of the differential
pressure between seal gas and process gas. Vendor shall specify in the proposal the
required seal gas flow and supply pressure.
b. Restrictive-ring. This type shall include rings (e.g. carbon) mounted in retainers or
spacers. If required, inert gas sealing shall be supplied as for labyrinth seals.
c. Non-contacting dry gas seals may be applied if approved by the Principal. The shaft
seal design shall be reviewed and approved by the Principal.
Add to clause:
2.6.2 When specified on the data/requisition sheet, connections for an inert gas sealing system
shall be provided for fans requiring external pressurization. Provisions shall be made for
measurement of the differential pressure between the sealing gas and the process. Vendor
shall specify in the proposal the required seal gas flow and supply pressure.

2.7 DYNAMICS
2.7.1 Critical Speed
Add to clause:
[Link] For the complete fan-driver unit there shall be no torsional mode in the envelope between
10 % below operating speed and 10 % above trip speed. Start up and shutdown shall not
cause any damage as torsional critical speeds are passed.
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2.8 BEARINGS AND BEARING HOUSINGS

2.8.1 General

[Link] Replace Bullet ‘a’ with:

a. With fan drivers rated greater than 110 kW (150 HP), unless specific approval is
obtained from the Purchaser.
Add new Bullet ‘e’:
e. Hydrodynamic bearings shall include slinger rings for lubrication.
Add new clause:
[Link] High temperature fans shall be designed with a proven heat barrier between the fan casing
and the bearing housing. Inert gas shall not be used for cooling unless there are no other
acceptable options.
2.8.5 Bearing Housings

[Link] Add to clause [Link].1:

[Link].1 When applied, the Vendor shall provide sufficient information regarding the location and
expansion of the thermal heat slinger used to protect any bearings. The Vendor shall define
the thermal movement of the shaft and the OD growth expected on the appropriate Vendor
drawings.

[Link] Delete: "When specified"

[Link] Replace clause with:

For vital or essential, un-spared services, all bearing housings shall have provisions for
mounting two vibration transducers on each housing. Provisions shall include a 25 mm
(1 in) spot face with a ¼ in.-28 tapped hole in the middle. The locations shall be on, or as
close as possible to, the vertical and horizontal centerlines of the bearing housing cap.

2.9 LUBRICATION
Add to clause:
2.9.1 Circulating or forced oil systems shall be provided for fans in vital or essential, un-spared
services and in high temperature services.
Add before last sentence:
2.9.2 Sealed or shielded bearings shall only be applied with the approval of the Principal. Sealed
or shielded bearings shall not be applied to fans in vital or essential un-spared services.
Add to clause:
2.9.10 If the bearings require greasing, all of the lubrication points shall be routed to a central
location. The Vendor shall propose, as an option, a central greasing system if periodic
grease lubrication is required on multiple points on the dampers or inlet guide vanes.

3. Accessories

3.2 COUPLINGS AND GUARDS

3.2.1 Delete the words: “Unless otherwise specified”.

Add to the end of the first sentience:

… and made from spark resistant materials.

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Add after first sentence:

Guards shall be supplied for all couplings and exposed shafts including, but not limited to,
shaft ends and shaft extensions.

3.3 BELT DRIVES

Replace first sentence of 3.3.1 with:
3.3.1 Belt drives shall only be used for equipment of 110 kW (150 BHP) or less; and, unless
otherwise specified, shall employ banded multi-V belts. Belts should be anti-static type and
include redundancy so that if one breaks the remainder can convey full power.

3.4 MOUNTING PLATES

3.4.1 General
[Link] Replace paragraph with:
Unless otherwise approved by the Principal, the equipment specified in the data/requisition
sheets shall be furnished on a structural steel baseplate.
Add to paragraph:
[Link].9 Fasteners used to attach the components to the baseplate shall be cap screws in threaded
holes. Through bolting of equipment to mounting plates or base plates is not allowed.
3.4.2 Baseplate
Add in front of first sentence:
[Link] Vendor and Purchaser shall work together to design the baseplate and foundation to
adequately dampen the forces and moments that will be encountered during normal and off
design operation.
Add to paragraph:
[Link] When the equipment is properly aligned on the baseplate in the shop, each hold down bolt
shall have a minimum clearance of 1.5 mm (1/16 in) between the bolt and the bolt hole.

[Link] Delete the words: "Unless otherwise specified"

[Link] Delete the words:"When specified"

[Link] Delete fifth and sixth sentences

Add to this paragraph:
All grouting shall be done from the top. No grout shall be placed from openings in the side
of the baseplate.
[Link] Add to clause:
Baseplate shall be designed as an open skid that is completely filled with grout. If piping or
conduit is run through the baseplate, it shall be covered with grating. Baseplate shall have
100 mm x 100 mm (4 in x 4 in) plates at each corner and midpoint of each side. These
plates shall be installed on top of the baseplate and shall be machined co-planar to the
machine mounting locations. These plates shall facilitate using a surveyor’s transit to level
the baseplate in the field.

3.5 CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTATION

3.5.1 General
Replace paragraph with:
[Link] Instrumentation and installation shall conform to the requirements on the data/requisition
sheets.
ECCN EAR99 DEP [Link]-Gen.
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Replace paragraph with:

[Link] All control and instrument components and installations shall comply with applicable local
regulations and be suitable for the area classification, gas grouping and temperature
classes specified by the Principal on the data/requisition sheets.
Replace paragraph with:
[Link] Vibration monitoring and bearing temperature instrumentation shall be furnished and
installed in accordance with the requirements on the data/requisition sheets. Equipment
trains in vital or non-spared essential services shall be equipped with vibration monitors
(2 accels per bearing housing) and bearing skin temperature RTDs. Proximity probes and
oil sump RTDs shall not be used in any services.
3.5.2 Control Systems
[Link] Add in front of first sentence:
The Purchaser and fan Vendor shall discuss the appropriate control devices for the fan in
question. The Principal shall advise the fan Vendor what the controls are intended to do.
The fan Vendor can then advise on the various methods that can be used to achieve the
desired final product. The entire operating range of the fan shall be taken into consideration
when selecting a control system.
3.5.3 Dampers or Inlet Guide Vanes

[Link] In the first sentence, delete the words: “When specified”

3.7 INLET TRASH SCREENS

3.7.1 In the first sentence, delete the words: “When specified”
3.7.1 Replace the last two sentences with:
All construction materials for inlet trash screens and rain hoods shall be of stainless steel
type AISI 316. The Vendor and Purchaser shall decide on the extent of the inlet ducting that
is included in the purchase order.

3.11 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROL PANELS

3.11.1 Delete this section

4. Inspection, Testing, and Preparation for Shipment

4.1 GENERAL
Add new paragraph:
The Purchaser shall WITNESS the following tests: train alignment on fabricated base plates
and the train mechanical run.

4.2 INSPECTION
4.2.3 Mechanical Inspection
nd
[Link] In 2 sentence, delete the words: “When specified”

4.3 TESTING
4.3.3 Mechanical Tests
[Link] Add in front of first sentence:
Mechanical run tests shall be performed on all fans manufactured to this specification
unless otherwise agreed to by the Principal.
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[Link]
Add new section;
Bearing temperatures will be monitored during the test to insure stable operating
temperature over time.
4.3.4 Optional Tests
[Link] Complete-unit Test

Add new section:

[Link].2 For fans with variable speed drivers, the fan rotor shall be subjected to an overspeed test of
at least 110 % of maximum continuous speed for 3 minutes. After the overspeed test, each
impeller shall be examined for cracks (using the liquid penetrant method), and for
deformation or other defects. After this examination, fan rotors shall be rebalanced
dynamically.

4.4 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT

Add to paragraph:
4.4.1 If not witnessed by the Purchaser, the Vendor shall take digital photographs of all
equipment and packages once they are loaded and ready for shipment. The Vendor shall
forward copies of the photographs to the Purchaser prior to the delivery of the equipment to
the construction site.

5. Vendor Data

5.1 GENERAL

5.1.3 In the first sentence, delete the words “When specified”

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PART IV REFERENCES
In this DEP, reference is made to the following publications:
NOTES: 1. Unless specifically designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used,
together with any amendments/supplements/revisions thereto.
2. The DEPs and most referenced external standards are available to Shell staff on the SWW (Shell
Wide Web) at [Link]

AMERICAN STANDARDS
Centrifugal Fans for Petroleum Chemical and Gas Industry Services API 673,
nd
2 edition, January 2002,
Reaffirmed November 2010

EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres EN 14986