50 Question PT quiz

1. During a penetrant test, water was used to remove the surface penetrant
after the penetrant dwell. The surface:

should be dried before the application of either dry or non-aqueous wet

developer
need not be dried before the application of either dry or non-aqueous wet
developer
need not be dried before the application of dry developer but should be dried
before the application of non-aqueous wet develope
should be dried before the application of dry developer but need not be dried
before the application of non-aqueous wet develope

2. Which of the following statements concerning contaminating materials on

the surface of a part to be penetrant tested is not true?

The contaminant may be of a composition that attacks the penetrant and

reduces the fluorescence or colour of the penetrant.
The contaminants may be of such a nature that they reduce or even prevent
capillary action by the penetrant.
The contaminant may retain the penetrant and thus increase the sensitivity of
the inspection.
The contaminant may completely fill the crack preventing the entry of
penetrant.

3. Cast grey iron would be inspected using what inspection technique:

dual sensitivity penetrant

solvent removable
post-emulsifiable
water washable

4. Which of the items listed below is not an advantage of the liquid penetrant
test method?

The method can find all types of discontinuities.

The method is simple in principle and relatively easy to understand.
The method is essentially simple in application.
 There are few limitations on the size and shape of the article that can be treated
by this method.

5. An NDT procedure specifies a minimum penetrant dwell period of 30

minutes. What dwell period should be used if the component was to be
inspected at a temperature of 5 degrees Celsius?

15 minutes
Dwell time should be based on manufacturers recommendations.
60 minutes
Penetrant inspection should not be cathed out at these temperatures.

6. Which of the following is TRUE when solvent precleaners are used prior to
penetrant inspection?

Penetrant should be applied to the surface immediately after precleaning.

The inspector should wait for a few minutes after precleaning before applying
penetrant.
Penetrant may be applied either immediately after precleaning, or after an
interval of time, provided the surface is not allowed
After precleaning, the part should be checked for fluorescence using black
light, after which the developer is applied.

7. A commonly-used method of checking the overall performance of a

penetrant system is:

Determining the viscosity of the penetrant.

Measuring the wetabiity of the penetrant.
Comparing two sections of artificially cracked specimens.
All of the above.

8. When improper processing causes inspection difficulties, what should the

inspector do?

Swab parts with a solvent.

Use a correct bleed-back procedure.
Erase non-relevant fluorescence.
Reprocess the part.
9. Which of the following is TRUE concerning vapour degreasing prior to
penetrant inspection?

Vapour degreasing is a commonly used cleaning method.

Parts should be allowed to cool prior to application of penetrant.
Wet parts need not be dried prior to vapour degreasing because the hot vapour
will dry the parts.
After parts have been vapour degreased they should be given a final solvent
preclean prior to penetrant inspection.

10. Sensitiviy of the inspection may be reduced with water-washable

fluorescent penetrant by

over washing
light leaks
over developing
All of the above

11. The function of the emulsifier in the post-emulsification penetrant method

is to:

More rapidly drive the penetrant into deep, tight cracks.

React with the surface penetrant to make the penetrant water washable.
Add fluorescent dye or pigme� t to the penetrant.
Provide a coating to which dry powder developer can adhere.

12. Which of the following is the most cost effective method of application of
penetrant when fine fatigue cracks are to be detected?

Immerse the part for one minute then drain for one minute before commencing
removal.
Immerse the part for 30 minutes then commence removal.
Immerse the part for 30 minutes then allow to drain for 4 hours before
commencing removal.
Immerse the part for 10 minutes then allow to drain for 20 minutes before
commencing removal.

13. The ability to visually identify a discontinuity using liquid penetrant

depends upon:
 the penetrant method being used
the amount of bleed-out from the discontinuity
the width of the discontinuity
the amount of penetrant used

14. Which of the following is an advantage of solvent wipe methods over water
washing?

No special lighting is necessary during inspection.

They provide a quicker penetration of small openings.
Small indications are more easily seen.
They can easily be carried out in the field/remote areas.

15. Prior to penetrant testing of a previously machined soft metal part, which
of the cleaning methods listed below would best remove any smeared metal
that could mask discontinuities?

Etching.
Shot peening.
Alkaline cleaning.
Water cleaning with detergents.

16. Which of the following is most apt to render the post-emulsification test
ineffective?

Too long of a pe� etrant time.

Too long of a developing time.
Too long of an emulsifynig time.
None of the above.

17. The part is an aluminium forging. Description - the indication is sharp,

half-moon shape, not deep, and is called a:

Lap.
Centre line porosity.
Heat-treat crack.
False indication.
18. One of the differences between the hydrophffic and lipophilic post-
emulsifiable penetrant systems is:

Lipophilic emulsifiers should be diluted with water prior to use.

The hydrophilic process is more expensive;
The application of hydropbilic remover to test parts should be preceded by a
water rinse.
Lipophilic emulsifiers may be applied by spraying whereas hydrophilic
emulsiflers should be applied by immersion only.

19. When penetrant testing for shallow discontinuities using a post

emulsification penetrant, the emulsification time should be long enough to:

Mix the emulsifier with the excess surface penetrant only.

Mix the emulsifier with all the penetrant on the surface and in discontinuities.
Mix the emulsifier with penetrant in the discontinuities.
Allow the emulsifier to thy out to a white powder.

20. Some alloys are susceptible to corrosion or embrittlement due to the

chemical action between the alloy and penetrant. This problem can be avoided
after inspection by:

application of inhibitor
wrapping parts in plastic
post cleaning and inhibitor application
blowing down parts with compressed air

21. Which system would provide maximum sensitivity for detection of fatigue
cracks in an aircraft wheel?

A water washable fluorescent penetrant, sensitivity level 1, with dry developer.

A visible solvent removable penetrant with dry developer.
A post emulsifiable fluorescent penetrant, sensitivity level 2, with dry
developer.
A post emulsifiable fluorescent penetrant, sensitivity level 4, with non aqueous
wet developer.

22. Which of the following is true concerning drying of parts in an oven prior
to application of dry developer?
 Drying should be for the shortest time required to completely thy the parts,
with the oven temperature set to 60 degrees Celsius
The length of time drying is not important provided that the oven temperature
is set to 60 degrees maximum.
Drying should be for the shortest time require to completely dry the parts, with
the oven set to any convenient temperature.
Completely reprocess the part, commencing with cleaning.

23. Localized heating of steel objects can result in

grinding cracks
heat checks
arc strike cracks
all of the above

24. Which of the following discontinuities could be classified as an inherent

discontinuity often found in cast material?

Fatigue crack.
Stress-corrosion crack.
Porosity.
Lack of penetration.

25. Which penetrant test materials should be highly volatile?

solvent pre-cleaner and penetrant

solvent pre-cleaner and the liquid in non-aqueous wet developef
solvent removers and emulsifiers
emulsifiers remover and the liquid in non-aqueous wet developer

26. Tests for penetrant sensitivity may best be conducted using:

cracked chromium-plated specimens

chemical analysis
fluorescence measurements
measurements of dye content
27. Which of the following is not a form in which penetrant developer is
commonly available?

Dry developer.
Non-aqueous developer.
Wet developer.
High viscosity developer.

28. Which of the following is a possible cause for false penetrant indications?

Excessive washing.
Inadequate application of developers.
Penetrant or part too cold during penetration time.
Lint or dirt.

29. Of the methods listed below, the most effective means of precleaning a test
item prior to a penetrant test is:

Vapour degreasing.
Detergent cleaning.
Steam cleaning.
Solvent wiping.

30. Water washable penetrants are the best type of penetrant to use when:

Maximum sensitivity and reliability are required.

Contamination of the parts by acid is suspected.
Rough surfaces are being tested.
Anodised parts a being tested.

31. A crack type discontinuity will generally appear as:

A round indication.
A continuous line, either straight or jagged.
A straight, single solid line.
Random round or elongated holes.
32. Which of the following contaminants could affect the sensitivity of a
penetrant?

Acid.
Water.
Salts.
All of the above.

33. The main purpose of the filter on a black light source is to:

protect the bulb from mechanical damage

eliminate the harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced with the black
light
eliminate the white light which is produced with the black light
eliminate both the white light and the harmful ultraviolet radiation which are
produced with the black light

34. What is the most common purpose of non-destructive testing?

to find cracks
to find discontinuities which may be haimful to the service of the part
to find all discontinuities
to find indications

35. Rejection or acceptance of parts should be based on which of the following,

in absence of written acceptance criteria?

The inspector� s education.

The design of the part and its intended application.
The appropriate penetrant standard.
The selection of the penetrant.

36. Which of the following penetrant inspection processes is generally agreed

to be the most sensitive and reliable?

Water-washable fluorescent penetrant with a water suspended developer.

Post-emulsifiable colour-contrast penetrant with a non-aqueous wet developer.
Post-emulsifiable fluorescent penetrant with a non-aqueous wet developer.
 Solvent-removable fluorescent penetrant with a dry developer.

37. Which of the following contaminants could affect the sensitivity of a

penetrant?

Acid.
Water.
Salts.
All of the above

38. Which of the following is an advantage of visible dye penetrants over

fluorescent penetrants?

Small indications are more easily seen.

They can be used on anodized and chrontate surfaces.
They make less background on rough surfaces.
No special lighting is required.

39. An important difference between non-water-washable penetrants and

water-washable penetrants is that:

Water-washable penetrants contain an emulsifier, while non-water-washable

penetrants do not.
The viscosity of the two penetrants is different.
The color of the two penetrants is different.
Non-water-washable penetrants are more easily removed than water-washable
penetrants.

40. Which of the following is not good practice when penetrant testing?

Applying emulsifier by dipping the part in emulsifier.

Applying developer by spraying the part with developer.
Removal of water-washable penetrant with a water spray.
Applying emulsifier with a brush.

41. Which of the following (on the basis of cost-efficiency) NOT recommended
for penetrant application and dwell?

apply penetrant by pouring it on the part and allow to drain for 20 minutes
 immerse the part in penetrant for 20 minutes then drain for 30 seconds
immerse the part in penetrant for 30 seconds then drain for 20 minutes
apply the penetrant using a clean paint brush then drain for 20 minutes

42. The factor that has the greatest effect on the speed at which a penetrant
indication forms is:

relative size of defect

type of material tested
type of penetrant used
all of the above

43. When performing a liquid penetrant test using solvent removable visible
dye penetrant one method listed below is generally regarded as most suitable
for giving accurate test results?

Squirting solvent over the surface with no more than 275 kPa (40 psi) pressure.
Wiping with a soaking wet cloth, then wiping with a dry cloth.
Wiping with a solvent dampened cloth, then wiping with dry cloths.
Wiping with dry paper wipes, then wiping with a solvent dampened cloth, and
finally wiping with dry cloth.

44. The excess penetrant removal technique that removes the most penetrant
from discontinuities is:

water wash
post emulsified water wash
solvent wipe
rag wiping

45. Dry developer should be applied:

So that a heavy coat of developer covers all surfaces.

So that a light dusting covers all surfaces to be inspected.
With a dry paint brush.
By dipping.

46. When carrying out penetrant leak testing:

 a developer should NOT be used
the developer should be applied before the penetrant is applied
the penetrant and developer should be applied to opposite sides of the test part
both the penetrant and the developer should be applied to both sides of the test
part

47. Which of the following discontinuities might be found in a welded

fabrication?

Shrinkage.
Lack of fusion.
Seams.
Laps.

48. Which of the following is a discontinuity that might be found in rolled

plate stock?

Shrinkage cracks.
Inclusions.
Forginglaps.
Blow holes.

49. In NDT, a response or evidence of response which requires interpretation

to determine its significance is called

an indication
a defect
an irregularity
a signal

50. Which of the following is a discontinuity that might be found in a forging?

Shrinkage cracks.
Laps.
Cold shuts.
Insufficient penetrati