944030

Pam~la Brent
Secretary
American Jnst. of Ste~l Constn.
On~ East Wacker Dr1v~ #3100
Chic"90. IL 60601-2001
 UNITED STEEL DECK, INC. DECK DESI~~~;TA SHEET
POUR STOP SELECTION CHART
SLAB OVERHANG (INCHES) DESIGN
TYPES THICKNESS
DEPTH ~O~-1~~2 -r~3~-4~~5 ~.J.~6~~17~~8 -r~9~~1~
O '-1~1-r~
12~
(Inchel) POUR STOP TYPES 20 0.0358
4.00 20 20 20 20 18 18 16 14 12 12 12 10 10 18 0.0474
4.25 20 20 20 18 18 16 16 14 12 12 12 10 10 16 0.0598
4.50 20 20 20 18 18 16 16 14 12 12 12 10 10 14 0.0747
4.75 20 20 18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 10 10 10 12 0.1046
5.00 20 20 18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 10 10 10 0.1345
5.25 20 18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 12 10 10
5.50 20 18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 12 10 10
5.75 20 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 12 12 10 10
6.00 18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 12 10 10 10
6.25 18 18 16 14 14 12 12 12 12 10 10
6.50 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 12 12 10 10
6.75 18 16 14 14 14 12 12 12 10 10 10
7.00 16 16 14 14 12 12 12 12 10 10 10
7.25 16 16 14 14 12 12 12 10 10 10
7.50 16 14 14 12 12 12 12 10 10 10
7.75 16 14 14 12 12 12 10 10 10 10 This chart is a repeal of our first DECK DESIGN
8.00 14 14 12 12 12 12 10 10 10 DATA SHEET; the format has been revised to
8.25 14 14 12 12 12 10 10 10 10 make the type (gage) selection easier.
8.50 14 12 12 12 12 10 10 10
8.75 14 12 12 12 12 10 10 10
9.00 14 12 12 12 10 10 10
9.25 12 12 12 12 1'0 10 10
9.50 12 12 12 10 10 10 ~EINFORCING STEEL (NOT BY USD OR NJB)

9.75
10.00
12
12
12
12
12
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1
.- 1 " WELD)
@'2'"

'. '
-r-~-'-----~"'~----:1 '
POUR STOP'
7

FCJ717- i4--:-l
• . ' •• • • '. SLAB
10.25 12 12 10 10 10 ~HICKNESS
~ ~.
10.50 12 12 10 10 10 4 • .'

10.75 12 10 10 10
COMPOSITE FL.OOR \
11 .00 12 10 10 10 DECK BY UNITED OVERHANG
STEEL DECK, INC.
11.25 12 10 10
11.50 10 10 10 · SEE NOTE 5
11 .75 10 10
12.00 10 10
NOTES: THE ABOVE SELECTION TABLE IS BASED ON THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA:
1. NORMAL WEIGHT CONCRETE (150PCF).
2. HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DEFLECTION IS LIMITED TO 1/4" MAXIMUM FOR CONCRETE DEAD LOAD.
3. DESIGN STRESS IS LIMITED TO 20 KSI FOR CONCRETE DEAD LOAD TEMPORARILY INCREASED BY ONE-THIRD
FOR THE CONSTRUCTION LIVE LOAD OF 20 PSF.
4. POUR STOP SELECTION TABLE DOES NOT CONSIDER THE EFFECT OF THE PERFORMANCE, DEFLECTION, OR
ROTATION OF THE POUR STOP SUPPORT WHICH MAY INCLUDE BOTH THE SUPPORTING COMPOSITE DECK AND!
OR THE FRAME.
5. VERTICAL LEG RETURN LIP IS RECOMMENDED FOR TYPE 16 AND LIGHTER.
6. THIS SELECTION IS NOT MEANT TO REPLACE THE JUDGEMENT OF EXPERIENCED STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS AND
SHALL BE CONSIDERED AS A REFERENCE ONLY.

• ~~
OJ NICHOLAS J. BOURAS, INC.
PO BOX U,2 . 475 SPRI NGFIELD AVE .
SUMMIT. NEW JERSEY 07902-~2 (201) 277-)6)7
(!U:I.I ~~~ ~Z"', " .
ASSOC:.".......
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LEFT TO CALCULATE
IS YOUR SAVINGS
The ESlimaling Program from SlruclUral Soflware. An accur3le bid
can mean Ihe difference belween a heahhy profil and an unwelcome
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aClUa l COSI of labor 31 your shop. Almosl all of Ihe pricing level; and
labor codes can be changed 10 sui I your needs. In facl, ESlimaling',
flexibililY makes illhe besl eSlimaling program on Ihe markel loday.
Wriuen by sleel fabricalOrs. E,"maling is easy 10 use. You're able
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designed for IBM compUiers and compalibles, no speciallraining is
necessary.
In Ihese days of declining profil margins, ESlimaling gives you
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 MODERN STEEL
Volume 31, Number 4
CONSTRUCTION April 1991 .

FEATURES
12 SERVICING THE MOUSE THAT ROARED
Dislley World's phellolllellal poPlllarity is a lIIajor reaSOIl for Ihe lIeed 10
expolld Orlalldo's airporl

18 THE FUTURE FOR REGIONAL AIRLI ES

A slale-of-Ihe-arl facilily for a sOlllheasl COllllllliler airlille lIIailllellallce
colllpallY ulili:ed Ihe LRFD SpecificnliolllO realize a 10% snvillgs ill
I russ sleel

24 CURING TERMINAL ILLNESS

All excilillg desigllwas lIeeded 10 creale a high-profile illlage for a 1/(,!tI
opera lor al Nashville's growillg airporl

28 GIANT CLEAR SPAN FOR JUMBO JETS

A 412' clearspollwas lIeeded 10 creale a hallgar big ellollgh for Ihree
plalles al alice
Site cOlfstraillts greatly complicated the
design and cOllsfmctio1/ of tlte Morton
32 TRAIN TRACKS DETOUR BUILD! G'S FOUNDATION •
1"lemafjollal Bllildillg ill Cltlcago. The
Blli/dillg aver I raill I racks lIIeallllhal Ihe sOlllhwesl comer of all
structure is built ot'CrexislillK rail tracks Ilrat olhenvise ideally localed sile was illaccessible for fOllndal iOIl placelllellts
disallowed 100ll/datio" piacemellt rmdemeath
tire structure's soutlltl.'l'St comer. The story
40 GYM INFlLL REQUIRES STRUCTURAL
behmd this bllildillg begills 0/1 page 32. Plloto
STRENGTHE ING
by McShalle & F/emmg StudIO
The 73.ooo-sq.-fl. DC/wer Place Alhlelic Cellier is parlially built all lop
of all exislillg pedeslriall bridge

NEWS AND DEPARTMENTS

6 EDITORIAL 9 NS C PROGRAM AND
REGISTRAT ION FORMS
8 STEEL EWS
- New Seismic Provisions 44 BOLTS AND FASTENERS
- New Design Guide
- T.R. Higgins Winner 50 AD INDEX

"' I Modem Steel COn\lrucllOI1 I April 1991

•
•

• • HIGH YIELD STRENGTHS (up to

65 KII) · ..... for ultr.-h. . vy
section• .
• OUTST....DING TOUGHNESS
PROPfRTIES
• EXTAEMEl Y LOW CARBON
EOUIVALENT - enlure, ••cel·
lent weldablllty

A NEW 'ROCESS._ OST.

n. Meret II In AABEO', revelu-
UOnatY new In-II,... QST proc...

OTHERRECENTARIED
INNOYATlONa:
HISIJlR@ AIIBED·ROLLED " •••••• end
"TAlLOJ\.MAoe" CWTMI ..,, •• -
tlmoull fot' high Metlon moduli,

A new generation gtMl "teral buckling r•• I.llnce,

and INg aavlftOIln ,.brlcatlon

of rolled beams coat, Mel wWghts. These product •

• r. as.o ''III'IabI. In the new
HIITM quality . . '1 our standard
and column sha WfI _ IIICI H BEARING PILES

for econom cal NEW LlTnATU. AVAILABLE

send now tOf COI'fIt" ... data on all
steel construction. the.. ARBEO product.. contllet
Trade ARBED. INC.• 825 Third
Ave , Nt .. Vone, NY 100122. (212)
Once .oatn. AABED leads the _9890. FAX 212355·21S8120121
Industry by leaturlng a lrendseUlng In C,n.da Tr.d....RBEO Canada.
comb,nallon 01 mechanical, Inc. 3340 Ma lnw.y . 9urllnglon.
chemic' I and technologlc.1 Ontario, Canada L7M 1A7
proper1leS (418) 335·5710, FAX 416-33~1292

• Inc.

lWIIOitiGiii or . . . COW"WGCtICM ....ren.

 EDITORI AL
•
Editorial Staff Solid Knowledge For
Scott MelnIck,
Ed itor
Patrick M. Newman, P.E.,
Serious Designers
Senior Technical Ad vi sor
Cynthia j . Z., hn,
Senior TochnIcal Advisor A s regular as a notice from the taxman, April brings a slew of
a nnouncements about upcoming conventions and seminars.
With a little ingenui ty, an ad venturous soul could easily avoid his
offi ce during the entire months of April, May a nd june.
Editorial Offices But as interesting (or as draining) as it mi ght be to hH the road for
Modern Sh.'C'1Co n~ tru cti on three solid months, very few businesspeople ca n afford that luxury.
O l1e East Wacker Dr
SUIte 3100
Choosing which trade shows to attend ca n be an arduous and
Chlcago, lL 60601-200 1 difficult task. Read throug h the packets sent out by the show
(312) 670-5407 prod ucers and you' re promised the moon- but how man y actually
deliver even one piece of information usable in your everyday
bu iness?
Advertising Sales That's why I was so impressed last yea r when I a ttend ed my first
Eric K. Nieman, Paths-3M ationa l Steel Construction Conference. The show doesn' t fea ture a •
Ed SrenI aw,kJ , ra Ub-3M lot of razzle-dazzle. There aren' t acres of hospitali ty suites a t night.
7161 North Cicero There aren' t pretty gi rls handing out party favors. And there aren' t
Llncol nwood, ll 60646
(708) 679- 11 00
magicians in the aisles.
FJlX(708)b79-S926 Ins tea d, the sec fea tures a series of solid seminars and a small
exhibit hall for serious fabrica tors and engineers on june 5-7.
Interested in eismic design? Check out Peter I. Yanev's talk on
AISC Officers " Building for Earthquake Survival" on Thursday, june 6. Yanev is
Ralph II. larbour, vice president and chairman of EQE Engineering, one of the
Chairman country's most respected seismic design firms. And you can fo llow
Stephen E. Egger, that session with a technical seminar on seismic connection d esign.
First Vice Chairman ot interested in ea rthqua kes? How about a session on "Economic
Fra nk B. Wvlw III,
Second Vice Ch<l irman
Comparison of ASD and LRFD for Buildings"? Or maybe you'd
().,car W. Stewart , Jr" appreciate some information on "Simple Connections in Tubula r
TreasurC'r Constru ction"? And every engineer can benefi t from "Innovations in
Neil W. Zundel, Fire Protection".
Pr~ ld e nt
And if the huge quantity of raw information ava ilable at the sec
Dli Vid Ratt erman,
Secretary & General Counsel
doesn' t excite you, you can still benefit from hobnobbing with some
Lt.'wis Brunn~r, of the industry's top designers a nd fabri ca tors who long ago rea lized
\ 'ice P rt~iden t , the value of attending this annual event.
Mem}x>r.hi p Services Registration form are on pages 10-11 in this issue. [look forward
Geerhard Haa lJt?r, to seeing you in june. SM
Vice Pn.·... ld ent,
Tt'Chnology & Re...earch
M orns Ca rniner,

•
Vice Pre"ld cnt,
Finance / A dministratIOn

6 / Modem Sleel Con~lruUlon I Apnl 1991

 Our Galvanized Nuts, Bolts And Washers
Are NotYourAverage Run Of The Mill.
At uror rnstener, our nuts, bolts and washers are job is done. And on top of all thi:" we can tt.'St for your
nO! only mechanically galvanized, they also meet the s[X.'C1al requirementl>, we guarantee rra eabtlity, and
toughest standards anywhere. As a result, you get our priCD are rompeoow "1th hot-JippeJ galvanJ:~xi
maximum rolTOlion protection, excellent unifonnity products. Even bener, all the ~'CI used in our bolll>
and no hydrogen embriulement or detempering. and nUll> come>. from ucor teel and other domc,oc
Fact is, our products meet or exceed A5TM-B-695, -a'C1 mill, Which l' one more rea><ln they're not your
AASI-ITO M29 and MlL-C-81562 requirements, avera!-,'C run of the mtll
and our nuts are roated with a blue dyed lubricant 1 find out more about our Imc of galvamzed
to meet A5TM, FHWA and state OOT >tandard" for producll> mcluding A 32 5 '>tructurallxllll>, A 56 3 heavy
opnmal torque and tension. WhalS more, ue manu- hex null> and F436 ""a.,her;. We maintam an inventory

•
kl<.ll1Te OllT mtlS and bolts in che same fQallry, so )OU knoll' of popular sJ:~'S for Imn1Lximc delivery.
Uu.'Y 'Ugitl! )OU a com{Xlrible/it Call HCONi5-6826,FAX 219/337-';394 Orwnte
When you add up all the:.e advanta!-,'L';" you !-,>Ct Nucor F..btener, P Box 61L \ St loe, Indiana 467H'i
fastener; that are way above average. You get supcnor,
con;istcnt perfonnance that ~a\'e:. you time and ~ [j@j\j\3113 ,{
ouuble on the Job and ensures quality long after the "''\n.....It'4'' ."t,"'T' "II• .,
 STEEL NEWS

AISC Issues LRFD Seismic Provisions •

S eismic design is addressed in a Zone 2," explained Clarkson
newly available addendum to Pinkham, S.E., president of S.B.
lhe Load & Resistance Factor De- Barnes Associates, Los Angeles,
sign Manual of teel Construction. and secretary of Specifica tion Task
"Specification of Seismic Provisions ommittee 113, which developed
for Structural Steel Buildings" also the new provisions. "Similar infor-
includes an extensive commentary. mation ha s been available in the Seismic Provisions for
Sections include: Load and Load model codes on the West Coast; Structu ral Steel Buildings-
Combinations; Material Specifica- however, it has not been available
Load and Resistance
tions; Column Requirements; Re- in the LRFD format."
quirements for Ordinary Moment The seismic provisions will be Factor Design
Frames; ReqUIrements for Special
Moment Frames; Requirements for
included in the First Revised Edi-
tion of the LRFD Manual of Steel -,
Concentrically Braced Frames; Re- onstruction, which is schedu led
quirements for Eccentrically Braced to be available this summer. Indi-
Frames; and Inspection. vidual copies of the seismic provis-
"The new Sptxification comple- ions are available for $5 + $4 ship-
ments the AISC LRFD Manual with ping and handling(plus sales tax in
special provisions required for de- Illinois, alifornia, or ew York)
sign in buildings in Zones 3 and 4 from: AISC Publica lions Dept., P.O.
AMI.Ie,," I'\TIR"TI ell' snll.C'U·":il.1010'. 1'0(
and for buildings with an Impor- Box 806276, Chicago, IL 60680-4124 (lIItb.r 'A Ilt.cf [)n . ' - 'IOI~C1oo< .... IL fIlt,()ll\"I'll
tan e Factor greater than 1.0 III (312) 670-2400 ext. 433.

Extended End-Plate Connection

New Design Design; Stiffened, Extended End-
Plate Connection Design; and in-
1991 T.R. •
Guide: formation about ASD and LRFD
Design Aids and omenclature. Higgins
The guide presents complete de-
Extended sign procedures and examples for
extended moment end-plate con-
Award
End-Plate nections suitable for fully re-
strained (or continuous frame) con- T homas M. Murray, Montague-
Betts professor of structura l
struction. steel design at the Virginia Poly-
Moment Previous AISC Design Guides technic Institute and State Univer-
include: "Column Base Plates," a sity, Blacksburg, VA, is the winner
Connections compilation of existing information
on the design of base plates for
of the 199t T.R. Il iggins lecture-
ship Award . The AISC award rec-
steel columns; "Design of Steel and ognizes an author whose technical
T he fourth in a series of Steel
Design Guides, "Extended
End-Plate Moment Connections,"
Composite Beams with Web Open-
ings," a summary of design con-
cepts for practicing engineers; and
paper or papers have made an out-
standing contribution to the fabri-
cated structural steel industry.
is now available from AISC. The "Serviceability Design Considera- "Bui lding Floor Vibrations",
use of moment end-plate connec- tions for Low Rise Buildings," a Murray's honored paper, advances
tions in multi-story, moment resis- comprehensive review of informa- state-of-the-art techniques for con-
tant frame construction is on the tion on serviceability design cri- trolling floor movement in residen-
upswing as more engineers become teria. tial, office and commercial envi-
aware of its economic advantages. Each Design Guide is available ronments.
The new Design Guide includes for $16 + $4 shipping and handling Murray will give a presentation
information on four-bolt extended (plus sales tax in Illinois, alifornia at the ational Steel Construction
end plates as well as eight-bolt ex- and ew York) from AISC Publi- Conference in Wa hington, DC, on •
tended end plates. Design Guide cations Department, P.O. Box June 5. He will make six additiona l
chapters in lude: Recommended 806276, hicago, IL 60680-4124 presentations during the next 12
Design Procedures; Unstiffened, (312) 670-2400 ext. 433. months.

8 1 Modem Sleel Con ..lruwon I April 1991

 National Steel Construction Conference
(NSCC)
Washington, DC June 5-7

• Tuesday, June 4
11:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
Advance Program and Registration

Welcome to Washington Tour

9:15 - 10:15 a.m.
General Session: Trouvh'shootirtg Struc-
lIIral Sled: BASIC Offers PraclicalSo/ll-
liolls
Friday, June 7
7:30 - 8:15 a.m.
ExhibitorWorkshops
(optional event) Dr. Reidar Bjorhovde, BASIC, Univer-
sity of Pittsburgh 8:30 - 9:15 a.m.
8:00 - 11:00 p.m. Professor Stanley T. Rolfe, University General Session: Steel COPlstructiotJ Sy . . ·
Wa shington After Dark of Kansas at Lawrcnce Ipm farLow-Rise Commercial aud Re:>itlell'
(optional event) tmlBlIlldlllg
10:00 a.m. - 3 p.m. P.O. Thomasson, Swedish Institute of
Exhibits Open Steel onstruclion, Stockholm, Sweden
Session highlights a special construc-
Wednesday, June 5 10:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. tion system that minimizes floor·to-
floor height.
George Washington Slept Here
8:30 - 10:30 a.m. (Spouses optional event)
Professional Member Forum 9:15 -10:00 a.m.
11 :00 a.m. -12:30 p.m. General Session: Ti,e Great American
9:00 a.m. - noon Technical Seminars Pyramid: Ancimt ShalJ(', Mo.lrm 001811
Experience Capitol Hill 1. Troublesilootl1lR Structural Steel: Lawrence G. Gnffis, Walter P. Moore
(Spouses optional event) BASIC offers Praclical Sollliiolls & Associates, Ilouston
2. PractIcal Engineerwg in Shop Fabrica-
1:00 - 5:00 p.m. tioll 10:00 a.m. - 2:30 p.m.
Corcoran Gallery of Art, Embassy 3. Simple Co,,,,ectio1ls HI Tubular Cml- Exhibits Open
Row & the ational Cathedral structio"
(Spouses optional event) 11 . Economic Comparison ASD aftd 10:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.
LRFD jor BllildillSs A Special Tour
1:00 -1 :15 p.m. 12. SeIsmic Bllild1ll8 DesiS" Sped/icatoins (Spouses optional event)
13. Rehabilitation oJ EXlstmg Buildings
Welcome and Introductions
10:45 a.m -12:15 p.m.
1:15 - 2:00 p.m. Noon - 1:45 p.m. Technical Seminars
lunch Service Provided 20. Codes & £II,ics
• General Session: T.R. Hissins Lec-
In Exhibit Hall
ture: Buildl1lg Floor Vil'rnllolls (1,4,7,14, and 15 repeat)
Prof. Thomas M. Murray, Virginia
Poly tech Institute and State University 2:30 - 4:00 p.m. oon -1:45 p.m.
Technical Seminars lunch Service Provided
2:00 - 3:00 p.m. 4. Plant Automation In Exhibit Hall
Keynote Address: Motil.'lltl1lg Your
5. How 10 Cel ShOJI Drawillgs Ap-
proved-OIJ Time
Siaff alld Work Fore, 6. Ulldeisrabll' Clause:; III Contracts 2:30 - 4:00 p.m.
Dorman Conklin, Princ!pal, Employee Technical Seminars
14. Recent Research Rl'Slilts-1
Development Services, Jackson, MS 15. Rl'rl'llt Research Reslllts-ll (2,5,8, II , 12, and 13 repeat)
16. Recent Detlf!/opments m Steel Fabrica-
3:00 - 5:00 p.m. tion and Material Selectio,,: Electrosiag 4:10 - 5:30 p.m.
Exhibils Open Weidl1lg & Wmtlu.'rmg Steel Structures Technical Seminars
No technical sessions are offered at (3,6,9,16,17 and 18 repeat)
this time, giving attendees iln opportu- 4:10 - 5:30 p.m .
nily 10 visll the 100-plus exhibit booths. Technical Seminars 8:00 - 11 :00 p.m.
7. [PA-Rigill 10 Kllow Legislalioll Washington After Dark Tour
5:15 - 6:00 p.m. SARA, Till, III, S"lio1l313 (Optiona l even t)
Exhibitor Workshops 8. Admllc", '" Wr/dillg for Ille Sleel Fair
Speciali7(~d sessions introducing the ricatioll htdllstry T.S.A.
latest In new products and techniques 9. Applicalio" of Mlil/illl, Silop C(}{,lillgs The IJhantom of the Opera
17. [mrovatiolts ill Bridge Dcs18" (Optional Event)
6:30 - 8:00 p.m. 18. Seismic COllllectiotl Desig,'i
AISC We/Clune Cocktail Part~ 19. ImlOt'allolts 11l Fire Protect lOti
All conference attendees and illfir spouses
are "Illlted 5:30 - 6:15 p.m. Saturday, June 8
ExhibitorWorkshops
Optiona I Tou rs:
Thursday, June 6 7:00 - 7:45 p.m. Tour of Bridge Shop (8:00 - 11 :30 a.m.
and 9:00 a.m. -12:30 p.m.)
Reception (Cash Bar)
Arlington Cemetery and Mt.
8:30 - 9:15 a. m. 7:45 - 10:00 p.m . Vernon (10:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.)
General Session: BIl/MlIlg for Earth- Airand .S pace/Am~rican 'His tory Mu-
• quake SlIrl'iml
Dinner & Entertainment seum (1.00 p.m. - 5.00 p.m.)
Capital Steps nnd Dancing
Pcter I. Yaney, EQE Engineering, San (Optional event)
Francbco

Modem Sleel on-MUttlon I Alml 1991 / 9

 NSCC HOTEL RESERVATION FORM
RESERVATIONS MUST BE ACCOMPANIED BY ONE NIGHT'S ROOM DEPOSIT INCLUDING 11 % TAX AND
$1 .50 OCCUPANCY TAX. THE HOTEL ACCEPTS CHECKS, MONEY ORDERS, AMERICAN EXPRESS, VISA,
MASTER CARD, DINERS CLUB, CARTE BLANCHE. & DISCOVER.
•
If reserving rooms by phone. advise hotel you are attending the AISC National Steel Construction Conference
and wish the conference rate.

All Conference aCllvltles take place at the h,stonc Sheraton Washington Hotel. 2660 Woodley Road at Connecllcut
Ave. NW (near the National Zoo) Washington. DC. 20008 Phone 1202) 328-2000

Circle room rate requested: Rooms vary In pnce based on locallon and sIZe of room If rate selected IS not available.
next available rate will be confirmed The Wardman Tower Rooms are elegant rooms In the h,stonc Wardman Tower

Single Room Rates:

$109* $119* $129*
Wardman Tower Rate: $140*
Special Requirements: ________________________
Note -Rate quoted IS for single occupancy.
per day occupancy tax
If additional person In room, add $2000 Rates do not Include room tax of 11% or $1 50

The hotel will honor and guarantee reservations received by May 1. 1991 Reservations received after thiS date will be on a space
•
available baSIS So mall thiS form promptly -Reservations are subject to cancellation at 4 ()()pm .f not guaranteed -Failure to cancel
your reservation 72 hours prior to arrival will result In forfeiture of your one night's depOSit Please reserve the accommodations
Indicated above for

Guest Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4IAdults ___ 4IChlldren _ _

OR shanng room IdlVldlng bill) with : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Organization or company: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Mailing Address: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

City _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ State _ _ _ Z,p _ _ _ _ __

___________________________Home(
Phone Office

Arnval Date· Approx. Arnval TIme. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Departure Date: _ _ _ _ _ _ __

(Check-.n t.me 's 300pm Check-out lime IS 1 OOpm)

I enclose check for $ _ _ _ _ _ _ payable to the Sheraton Washington Hotel. OR

Please charge one nlghfs deposltlnciudlng tax & $1 50 occupancy tax to my

Credit Card ~ -:-:--:-____-:::--______-,-:--____-,-:__---::--.,--__-::___________________________
IClrcle card used ·) American Express
Discover
Visa
Carte Blanche
MasterCard Diners

Expiration Date: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Signature. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

•
(For information only. call David G_ Wiley. Phone: 312/670-5422)
 NSCC REGISTRATION FORM
D
I I

• Registration Fee: (flfease circle appropriate fees)

AISC Member Fee: $290 00 lbefore April 19)
$33500 lafter April 19)
\Includes AISC Actove Assoclale & Prolesslonal Members)
Non -Member Fee: $340 00 lbefore Apnl 19)
$38500 lafter April 19)
Reg istration Fees Include all General and Plenary Sessions
workshops. seminars. coHee breaks, luncheons Thursday and FrKlay
the Get-acQuatnted Cocktail Reception Wednesday evening and a
pnnted. bound copv of the Proceed,ng~ Exhlb\OfS are entl\1ed \0 on.
reglstrallOn for each B h. 10 ft or 10 ft. 10 ft exh,bol space ,e.eMld
'Added Exhibitor" fee IS payable ONLY If In excess of one person
perBft. lOhor 10ft. 10h
Educator Fee: $100 00
(Employed full-time at accredited architectural or engineering
Registration Cancellation PolicV: Cancellations received before
college or university)
May 22.1991.100% of pre-paId reg,slrauon fees Will be relunded
Student Fee: $7500 aher May 22, 50% w,lI be refunded IThose cancell,ng after Mav 22
(Letter from faculty advisor or equivalent required) Will recerve their copy of the Conference Proceedings,
exhibitor, in Booth Ina charge)
Added Exhibitor: $7500 Registration for Optional Events
Total
Spou se' s Fee : $100 00 Event No Tickets Price
t- 1- Welcome To Washington
Partial Registration Fees ITues 11 JOam) _ 02400 $ __
(You may also pre· register for one day or half day *2-WashlnglonAherDarkiTues BOOpml _ 2200 $ __
Circle your choice below.' *3- Washlnglon After Dark IFn B 00pm) _ w2200 $_-
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Half Day Sessions: (Lunch not Included) IThurs 745pm) _ 06500 $ __
Wednesday Afternoon $ 5500 *5- Phanlom of Ihe Opera IFrr TBA/pml _ 06500 $ _ __
Thursday Morning $ 7000 *6- Tour Brrdge Shop ISaI B OOam) _No Fee
Thursday Afternoon $ 7000 H- Tour Bridge Shop ISaI 9 OOam) _No Fee
Fnday Morning $ 7000 If~Arllngton Cemetery/Mt Vernon
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f9-Air & Space/Amencan Hlslory
One Day Session s: Museums ISaI 1 00-5 OOpm) -0'2400 $ __
Thursday Iinciudes Lunch) $16000 *A-Expenence CaPIIol H>iIIWed 900am) 0·2200 $ __

•
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IWed l00pm) _ .'2200 $ __
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•
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 Servicing The
Mouse That
Roared
Disney World's phenomenal
popularity is a major reason for the
need to expand Orlando's airport
By Michael C. Head, P.E. high control tower. As the ACT Perimeter framing for the cen-
s a result of more and more nears the Center, travellers can see tral hub consists primarily of W24

A attractions enticing an
ever-growing number of
visitors, America's fastest growing
two of its three 400' -long con-
courses, each with eight gates. The
hub is shaped like a triangle with
columns and W40 girders, with the
bottom flange of the curved col-
umns attaching to the bottom
airport, the Orlando International its corners cut off. Where the cor- flange of the girders. On the other
Airport, has embarked on an am- ners nonnaUy would be, the con- end, the major girders frame into
bitious c>-pansion program. courses extend out. the dome columns.
The SOO,OOO-sq.-ft. composi te The ACT s tation is a separate The vertica I W24 colu mn is con-
steel Delta Airlines Orlando Flight building along one of the legs of nected to the W40 girder with a
Center is the third airside terminal the triangle between two con- curved 24"-deep section of the
to be completed as part of an antic- courses. same size column . For ease of fab-
ipated four-terminal expansion. rication, the curved section was
And as befits a terminal near Dis- Space-Age Appearance built as a plate girder instead. The
neyworld, departing travellers ap- The center's rounded ends pres- transition between the 24" plate
proach the futuristic structure ent a sleek, modern appearance, al- girder and W40 girder was formed
from the main terminal building most as if the design was lifted with stiffener plates with a top
via a high speed automated from a cinematographer's render- flange extension 5' into the W40.
ground transportation (ACD sys- ing of a space station. Architect for The W40/plate girder assembly
tem. the project was KBJ Architects, Inc., was shipped as one piece. The
The Flight Center includes a Jacksonville, FL, and structural en- girder's large size was needed to
central hub with a 140' clear span, gineer was O'Kon and Company, satisfy architectural requirements
glass-clad structural steel dome Inc., Atlanta. regarding the loca tion of the W24
rising 43' above the concourse The concourses each have two curved section and still provide .
level, a large mezzanine level sus- levels, while the central hub has support for the roof structure.
pended from its roof and a 100'- two levels plus a mezzanine. Openings were provided in the

121 Modem Sh..-el Con\lruclion I April 1991

 W40 !>('Ctions for ductwork to pass
through.
Perimeter framing for the con-
course area consists of W18 and
W12 columns with a bar joist roof.
The 163' -long ACT station has a
post-tensioned concrete Ooor. It's
arched ceiling consists of 10
curved plate girders resting on the
concrete Ooor and spanning 89'.
The ceiling is 3'-4" deep at the cen-
ter and 1'-5" at the ends. Due to
their size, each girder was shipped
to the site in three sections. The
sections consist of a straight 63'
section, and two sharply curving
sections for each end.
Central Hub Delli' A,rl"u'~ Orlanda Fltgllt Cl't/It', ft.·I,lun-s a ""Id",,, ... 1ft'k dt'SIX" alld ",d.IlIt·.,
thrltf 410'·1011.': (""edliN'S SU,rt",,,J,,,~ a ft,,,tml hul,. Ttll' I'''ctlo ".1( Skllt'" Rrtlr(t.l..,'
Perhaps the most dramatic fea-
ture of the Flight enter is the
Wide-open space in the central

•
dome. The delicate structure of the
dome is designed to be almost in-
vi,ible as sunlight Ooods through
12,750 sq. ft. of 'kylight and bathes
 •

the entire hub in dazzling light.

The d ome is an integral part of
the roof framing and the lateral
load resisting system.
•
The dome consists of two com-
pression rings, one made up of
curved W21 wide flange sections
and one of W24 sections. The rings
are connected with 1"-thick plates
every 15198 along their perimeter.
Extending out from the 36' diame-
tcr ring are 12 built-up tubes fram -
ing out to cluster columns.
The cluster colunms consist of
three wide fl ange columns con-
nccted by a series of horizontal
plates at the top and bo ttom. Inter-
estingly, the built-up tubes are
larger than they need to be in o rd er
to meet the architectura l desig n.
Column-Free Design
De/ta's passellgers are dazzled by the celltralill/b, which illellldes a J 2,750-sq.-ft. Stretching along one sid e of the
skylight coveril1g n 140' -7:Llide, Collll1",-free space. The massive skyliglll is supported 011 dome are two mezza nine areas. To
two compressioll rings, which, i ll fllrll , res t 011 12 bll ilt-llp f II bes emergillg from n series provide the spacious, column-free
of cluster CO/z111111S. Top photo by Stl"l./fll Brooke space required by the architect, the
mezzanine leve ls are suspended •
from roo f members. The mezzanine
is su pported On one side by two

1-4 / Modem Steel Con'ltructlon I April 199 1

•

• 92' -long plate girders over the ACT

station, and is suspended from the
roof girders by W24 hangars. The
plate girders span the width of the
was ac hieved by using fritted glass
and a system of horizontal steel
pipes supported at the glazing line
by W24 vertical and curved col-
TI,e modem apr'<'l1ra"Cl' of tlu'
Ifni/mal's extenor b ('c1,()('d by 'he sled.
Imes of tilt' 410' - lolI~ fO,,('orl""'t'~ . Gla ..s
and brass combme willI a
ACT station. umn sections. A second, smaller di- lroTl:olttally-orn'1Ited [e/IIltS to protl"ll'
Towering SO' above the ameter networ).. of pipes follows llisual rtjert·tlct J}(J/lII~ wlthi" 'he h1l8"
terminal's roof is a Delta Control the same profile as the glazing and space. III add,tlotl, a slnl' of skl/IIgll!lIIg
Tower with a 45' clear span domed appears to "noat" above the exte- rtlll5 dotml 'he e('IItt" of md, co"cour'>4!
roof. The control tower is partially rior. The pipes are supported by (llot shown). Photo by Stet'f!" Bro()kt'
supported by columns extending to W8 column sections and a system
the foundation and partially by the of slit pipes and steel plate beams.
hub roof structure. As the su n moves overhead, the
closely-spaced pipes block the heat
Glare Control while providing unhindered
Radiating out from the central views.
hub are three concourses. To con- Sun shading for the concourse
tinue the spacious, bright feeling of area is different, though equally ef-
the hub, huge skylights extend fective. In those areas, three paral-
down the spine of each concourse, lel 12" x 12" steel tubes extend 7'
with each culminating in a large out from the building to create a
semi-circular skylight. In addition, sun screen.
as with the hub area, the
concourses' walls feature sizable Lateral Load Resisting
arrays of glazing. System
The large expanses of glazing, The entire Flight Center was de-

• combined with Florida's strong

sun, made shadi ng a critica l con-
cern.
In the hub area, sun shading
signed to resist hurricane-force
winds, and each discrete part was
individually considered for wind
resi tancc.

Modem SI(..'('I Con-MUll ion I April 1q<)I I 15

 •

•
The Fligllt (ellter's Jarge expflllSt'S of
glazing made Sill, cOIllrol a crucial
elemel/t. 111 the "lib area , SJ/U shadmg was
aclriel'fd wit" a system of "on:olllal steel
pipes, wllile ill the COI1COltrSe~, SitU s/mdmg
was provided wilh Ihree paraUel12" x 12"
steel tubes extelld;'lg 7' OJ/t from '"I'
buildi"g. Top plloto by Stl.'t>e" BrlXlk,
The diagram at left shows the
C01I11l'Ctioli between the CIIrt.'Cd COIIlI1I11S
alld girders.

16 J Modem Slt'Cl Comtruction I April 1991

•
,:p
D
,.,)
1>0
,..-
Each of the three concourses The Best Selling

• have two transverse expansion Civil/Structural Program Since 1987

joints plus a third at the hub inter-
facc. The conCourses were de-
II ANALYSIS II
• 20 /30 Fr~me I Truss I Pine I Shell
signed with partially fixed connec- • Sml< I P-Oelta I Dyna.mk I PSA An"I'1~5
tions along their lengths and as a • CapaWe of 1000's of jomu alld 100's of
rigid frames across the width. load cues
• MoYtncload generator
Membrane action of the deck was • Intcracclve ,cometry, defleccion, mode
used to transfer the hurricane shape, plOts
• InterOlcclve shear and moment diOlgram plots
force winds to the wind resisting • AI5C llbnry Induded
clements.
The three mechanical areas, II DESIGN II
whICh are located at the interface • Intenwve ,nphic menu driven deslen
• Continuous beam , secdon properties,
bchveen each concourse and the frequency calculations
hub, were braced with diagonal X- • AI5C code check alld sll.ln, indudmc lRFO
bracing with the wind forces on • ACI column, beam, fooung, reuinlng wall desl,n
• Desl,n detaIls can be output to AUTOCAO
the dome and glass wall perimeter • Excellent In report presentatIons
being transferred to the founda-
tion via rigid frames and X-brac- Ii SATISFACTION GUARANTEEO'II
ing at the lower level. A si milar 'See our brochure for details
SupportS 005/ 052 operation systems
design was used for the control
lower dome. uAsk (or a brochure todayl"
You'll be glad you did.
Time Constraints For a demo, call: 1 (800) 332-7472
P.O. B Oil: 7126 FAX: (714) 863-0244
To rcali?e the Greater Orlando Fre mont, CA 945)6 ·7)26
Aviation Authorities 1990 opening (415) 795·0509
Fu(415) 795 ·09lB RISA
date, the design period for the
structural steel package was short-

•
ened to allow bid to be accepted in
February 1989, two months beforc
the architectural and mechani-
cal/electrical/plumbing package
was completed . The 3,800 tons of
steel were supplied by AlSC-mem-
bers Steel, Inc., Scottdale, GA, and
Qualico Steel Co., Webb, AL. Erc -
tor was Williams Erection Co.,
myrna,GA.
To further speed the construc-
tion process, in January 1989 the
foundation and underground tun-
nel system were awarded to the al-
ready mobilized general contrac-
tor for the Main Landside
Terminal, Great Southwest orpo-
ration . This enabled the founda -
tions to be completed in time to
allow the steel contractor to erect
the steel as it arrived on the site.
General contractor for the rest
of the project was ACI / Mitchell,
Atlanta .
YES, Pleas. lend m.1,.. PlANE ('1910 cov.r moteriohond hOndIInO)
(O".~~hUSA <nd CmodoOfiV)-( Uplr•• June 30, 1991)
M,c/mei C. Head, P.E., is a project I
III111mRrr witll 0' KOIl ami COlIIl'allY, -------------------~~' -------------- I
fIlC., th" I'roject's Allallta-based ellgi-
~:~~~~===------------ II

•
IIt'frs .
0
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ COMPVnfit _ _ _ _ _ _ _ w,slrACAAO DViSA

-;;;~_!~:::;;;;~:::;:::;;;;~:::;:::;;;;~""':. ~---
.!
:.... CATE
0 CtifCK (HClOlfO I
=====;-,=.J
 The Future For •
Regional Airlines
A state-of-the-art facility for a southeast commuter
airline maintenance company utilized the LRFD
Specification to realize a 10% savings in truss steel
By Socrates A. lonnides, I'.E.,
and William F. O'Donnell, P.E.

ll of the talk of failing air-

A lines always concentrates

on the major players and
neglects to consider one of the fast-
est growing segments of the mar-
ket: the regional / commuter air-
lines.
Just 12 months after
groundbreaking, construction was
completed last month on a new •
center for regional/commuter air-
craft at the Nashville International
Airport. Funded by the Metropoli-
tan ashville Airport Authority,
the new facility for FFV Aerotech,
Inc., includes approxImately 10,000
sq. ft. of office space, 32,000 sq. ft.
of aircraft mamtenance shops, and
34,000 sq. ft. of high-bay hangar
area-large enough to accommo-
date up to six SAAB 340 series air-
craft. n,e center, which is the first
U.s. facility for the Swedish com-
pany, is referred to by its owner as
"The future today in regional air-
port support."
The new high-tech facility pro-
vides complete support for both
airframe modification / mainte-
nance and aircraft component / ac-
cessory repair and overhaul under
a single roof, a concept used exten-
rhe lum.'~ar firm for 'he new FFV Aeroh'ch tWIII/le"nl/C(' facility IS 226' -wide by sively by FFV in Sweden and the
lSO' -dt'fJI and l,roZ1Idl'S space for three ai'I,ln1ll'S ~j"'lIltlmCflIt<;ly. United Kingdom.
"Al ready a hub for American
Airlines, completion of the FFV fa-
cility represents another milestone •
for ashville toward their goal of
becoming the center of aviation for
the United States," according to

18 / Modern Steel onstruction I April 1991

• Robert C. Mathews, Jr., chairman
of the Metropolitan Nashville Air-
port Authority. Architect on the
proje t was Barge, Waggoner,
Sumner & Cannon, ashville.
Construction manager was O.F.
Chase, Inc., ashville.
High Bay Hangar
The hangar area of the center is
226' -wide by 150' -deep, providing
three distinct service bays and a
10'-wide service aisle around the
penmeter. The clear doorway
height is 28' and the clear height
<l
in,ide the hangar is 32', which al-
lows the jacking of aircraft. o
In order to design the most effi-
cient structure, the structural eng i-
<>
net'r fjr.t had to study the faciljty's
oper"tional procedure. Required ~~~~~~~~~~~~,~~~~~~~~g
information includes:
• The specifications of the aircraft
6b R S
Of ~ "AM I N O r b AH
6
0 6-0
to be maintained, including: di-
mensions, weights, wheel loads, Thl'lln/ wi nt
and jacking loads; ~trll(tllnll t'lt'mt,,,t
• Method of maintenance of the lar tilt' l/atls,·r,.,11

•
wings, fuselage, tail and stabi- 12b' IOllg I n,.;~ .
li/_cr; Add"imwlill. ,IIt'rt'
• Type of maintenance platforms I1n' /OUT mon'
and \"hethcr they're hanging or Ir" .....'·s S/""'''',\!
floor mounted; ISO' ,md lit',"",...:
• Fire suppression method and 011 lilt' 11I,lII' 'n",s.
equipment. TIlt, 'nt .......'~ It't'n'
The primary structural element d''S/XIlt'd let tI/"
for this structure is the mam truss, LRFD
which span'> 226' across the front Sp('f/ficatle"/ after a
door of the hangar, providing ell/,,/tetral it't'
clear-span opening to the hanger ,mn1.I1~/~ ~1J()W('d "
from the runway apron. Four addi- u'twld 11T1I1/11U' a
tional trus<,cs span 150' perpendic- 70' r wntallli
ular to and bear on the rnl.\in truss. !'atIUl~~ Ctlttl/l(lrcd
Steel joists spanning between the with ASD.
perpendicular trusses complete the
roof framing.
All of the trusses were compara-
ti,·ely checked using both the Al-
lowable Stress Design (ASD) and
Load and Resistance Factor Design
(LRFDl Spt.'C1fications. The trusses
were designed to the LRFD Specifi-
cation to realize a IO'7c material
savings.
The top chord members of the
main trus~ range in size up to

•
WI2x170 and the bottom chord
members up to WT7xHl.S. The
top chord members of the four per-
pendicular trusses range in size up

Mtxiern Stet'l Construclu,}O Apnl 19'11 19

 to W8x58 and the bottom chord
members up to WI7x45. Most of •
the truss chords are of A572-Grade
-~
.,,""" ..
(ll£00N IQ.'
50 steel. Web members consist of
double anglcs using A36 stccl. To
account for the dead load denection
of the trusses, dead load correction
'tr ,,... i
')""I,l _ _ , '" ""'" i
camber curves were provided for
," QIII" i each truss.
! To maximize shop fabrication
.,.' .," \ , while still permitting easy shipping
, and handling, the main truss depth
" '. was limited to 14' and field splice
.'2'-'" locations were coordinated with the

-.
n
fabricator /erector. The truss was
fabricated in thrcc sections and as-
sembled on ;ite. A total of thrcc
cranes were used to erect the truss.
After setting the truss, one crane
was left in place to stabilize the
truss until the perpendicular
trusses were erected and perma-
nent bracing was installed . Steel
By clmliln't'ri"s fabricator was AISC-member Allen
tlu' top (hl)rd~ of
Iron and Steel Corp., Franklin, T ,
tht' l'erl'l..'Iliculnr
and steel erector was AI-Tenn Steel
tmss--as WI'" u~
Erectors, Inc., Franklin.
additional WB
The perpendicular trusses were
l'('ams /(I(:al(','
located to coincide with the over-
bt'lu'Cell tift'
head traveling bridge crane girder •
trus5e"--allf.wt 6'
lltyolld till' mlllll
locations. n,e crane girders are at~
tached to the bottom chord of the
truss , tIJt' c'''gtl/('er~
trusses at panel points. To provide
l('(~re aNt' ttl Ut'tlll' a
",."ke/'· for ,II, roof drainage, the top chord of the
trusses are sloped so that the truss
rt'tractt'd mum
depth varies from 7' -9" to 11' -9".
"allsar ,totlr and II ..
The roof system consists of a
Sltt'tJOrt (''111 '1""t'"t, standing seam metal roof over rigid
insulation and a metal liner panel.
Since the standing seam roof does
not provide adequate lateral sup-
port, horizontal roof X-bracing con-
sisting of thin nat plates was used
to create a diaphragm for the roof
and to tie the compression chords
of the joists and trusscs.
Lateral load resistance is pro.-
vided by vertical X-bracing, consist-
ing of thrcc tiers of stccl tubes, stra-
tegi ally loc,l ted in each wall
around the perimeter of the hangar.
Bracing is located in the first bay di-
rectly behind each of the main truss
bearing points. Bracing for the front
wall of the hangar is provided in
the addjtional bay adjacent to the
hangar door and main truss that
contains the mezzanine area, An •
additiona l set of bracing is located
along the back wall of the hangar.

20 I Mod('m Steel Con!)truchon April 1991

•
An expansion joint separates the
high bay structure from the adja-
cent maintenance shop and office
areas.
The hangar wall system is pri-
marily metal siding over steel Z-
shaped girts with a metal liner
panel on the inside. The wainscot
around the lower portion of the
hangar is constructed of split-faced
masonry. Liner panels were used I
for the roof and walls to enhance
the interior appearance. The struc-
tural steel and jobts were painted
white both for appearance and to
maximize lighting efficiency in
conjunction with the light reflec-
tive floor hardener used on the
concrete slab-on-grade.
Hangar Door
A unique element on this project
is the hangar door, which is made
of two layers of polyester fabric re-
inforced with hori70ntal aluminum
ribs. Rather than a conventional
horizontal-sliding door, the door I
opens vertically, folding into

•
pleats. Manufactured by MegaD-
oor, Inc., the door consists of five
sections that can be opened inde-
pendently or concurrently. To pro-
vide unobstructed entrance to the
hangar, the vertical millions lo-
cated between door sections swing
up and out of the way after the
door has been raised.
When opened, the door is totally
concealed behind the front fascia of
the hangar. This was accomplished
by cantilevering approximately 6'
beyond the main truss, creating a
pocket for the retracted door, mul-
lions and the retracting mecha- lIJEUNE SMART BOIlS KNOW "PROPER TENSION!"
nism. To create the pocket, the top
chords of the perpendicu lar truss, A-325 or A-490 high strength bolts.
as well as additional W8 beams lo- Factory mill certification-traceable to each keg.
cated between the trusses, were Black or mechanically galvanized .
cantilevered over the main truss. Full domestic or open stock.
The fascia and door assemblies
were then suspended and braced "THE LOWEST COST SYSTEM FOR PROPERLY
from the cantilevered ends. INSTALLED HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS!"
The structural engineer coordi-
nated the structural framing with
the hangar door supplier to ensure
proper clearances and support for

• the door assembly. Additionally,

deflections resulting from the door,
which were critica l to the installa-
tion, were calculated and provided
 •
to the su ppl ier.
More than 5 million worth of
state-of-the-a rt equipment will be
installed th roug hout the mainte-
nance ~h op areas surround ing the
main hanga r.
The roof system for the mainte-
nance shops consists of a standing
sea m metal roof over rigid insula-
tion and metal liner panel with hor-
i70ntal roof braci ng similar to the
hangar roof. For maintenance pur-
poses and du rability, the exterior
walls and the numerous interior
labrlcaling software. electronic com· partitions are constructed of rein-
Save valuable time. hi ICIIiI munication from forced maso nry. To minimize cost,
the roof b fra med using steel joists
Save money. Save
~rsetf the hassle of
lilt•••: engineers to
fabncators. bearing on a combina tion of the re-
relabrication and re-
works. Save back charges.
101'2 880·443-11782
info rced load-bearing masonry
wa lls and conti nuous steel beams.
i Estimating Module A nu mber of the sho ps are lo-
Save your apologles- 40!-471·8278
cated below a mezza nine III the
deadlines are met. • Detailing Module
high-bay portion of the build ing.
SDS/2 saves the day. i Production Control The me7lani ne is framed using
Call Design Data- Module steel joists bearing o n steel bea ms
1-800-443"()782. DESIGN and supporhng a 3"-thick concrete
It's time. • CNC Interface Module DATA slab on metal form deck.
199\ 0MIgn Dala CotporahOl'l
Office Area
The offi ce nrea accommodates •
executi ve, engineering, sales and
Structural Material Sorter Ver. 3.0 marketing, a nd finance a nd admin-
ibtration personnel. Amenities in-
cl ude an employee ca feteria, exer-
A series of programs
,.
•..
-,.. .
...
cise room, lockers and showers.
To maximi7e flexibility, the of-
.-
........
~..

........
.. . .... . ..
..
r ...
...
designed to help "..... -.
...,......
" ,......
......
,.....
...
....,..,"............ ...
",
fice is a combination of fixed parti-
tio ns and open offi ce landsca ping .
steel fabricators .,. Security IS an important fea ture,
and the public enters a controlled
manage material. reception arca incorporating natu-
rallight provided by a curved glass
exterior wall. This mo tif is repea ted
• Reduces labor - Increa.es accuracy. in the exccutive waiting area and
• Automatically computes weight. , surface the (ood service arca .
area., bolt counts and linea' totals. Sirnilar to the maintenance
• Quickly lort. lilt. into proper order. sho ps, the roof fra ming is steel
• Produces optimum length-cutting lists from
In-houl. stock, vendor's .tock or the best joiots bea ring on load-bea ring ma-
combination of each. sonry wa lls and continuolls steel
• Provides shipping lists based on plece- bea ms. The roof is a rubber mem-
=.,.,~=-.-"--"":.... --~
mark .equence. brane over insulation and metal
• Tallies material costs, shop hour. and field
-~
hour. tor easy estimating . roof deck. Refl ecting the high-tech
...
~
envi ronment, the exterior walls are
--=<0
• Uses simplified terms so non -tech person-
--~
nel clln operllte with ell.e. spli t-faced masonry w ith AI-
• External Oatil Interface clln Import existing ucobond fasc ia and soffits.
computer-bllsed material IIltl.
• Call today for a FREE demo kit, including
the full system' s operators manual! Socratt'S A. /om"des ;$ preslde"t
all/I William F. O ' Dollllell is a , /n te- •
E.J .E. INDUSTRIES. INC. IlIml <'1I8ill<'er al Sl mclllml Affiliales
IlI lemaliollal. /lIc .• Nash"ille.
CO M PUTER SOFTWARE FOR STEEL PROFESSIONALS
287 Dewey Avenue Washington, PA 15301 (412) 228-8841
 An exciting
design was
needed to create
a high-profile
image for a new
operator at
Nashville's
Growing Airport
By Socrates A. loannides, P.E.
and William F. O' Donnell, P.E .

24 1 Modem SIl-'C1 COn\lnJcllon 1 April 1991

•
....to.
In

•D esigning the "cure for ter-

minal illness" was the goal
for Steven's Aviation's new
corporate aviation center at ash-
ville International Airport. It
needed to be futuristic and high-
profile, but at the same had to
,treamline operations.
The 5750,000 building, which
opened in October 1990, provides
for the special needs of the pilots
and passengers with a state-of-the-
art pilots lounge, flight planning
room with color radar, pilot's
"snooze" room, sales and manage-
ment offices, and a comfortable
conference room. It's designed to
"pamper the people who really
make corporate travel fly-the pi-
lots." The operations areas flank a
large open waiting area that pro-
vides a 180 view of the airfield and
general aviation runway.
"The key to the efficiency of this
design is providing separate pilot
and passenger spaces while main-
taining direct visual interaction

•
and creating a stream-lined path
for passenger flow between auto-
mobile and airplane," according to
Eric Powers, the building's de-
signer with Edwards + Hotchkiss
Architects, Inc., Brentwood, TN.
"The exterior dynamiCS are
achieved by using thin floating
canopies that provide weather and
sun protection and reflect the light
floating characteristics of aeronau-
tical design."
Entrance Canopy
S([ AItO'_ OWCS-
The structural highlight of the
5,.\OO-sq.-ft. facility is a 50' x 50'
drive-thm entrance canopy sus-
pended from a single steel column
using eight steel rods. To achieve
the appearance desired by the ar-
chitect, the total depth of the can-
opy was restricted to 24". Specia I L-2a2alj4 ~NS
• 2." o.C. (lolA)(.)
consideration, including a three-di-
mensional analysis, was given to • I[AM. n...S
providing redundancy in the struc-
ture to en,ure the canopy would
remain serviceable, even if one of
the rods failed. A seth's of "ryd1row" ca/wpies pnll'id{' I'ruh'd ;011 from Iltt' SIIII fl"d otlla Wt'tllht'r

•
The canopy is framed using Tltt' CflIW"h'S art' fmwed /lsill8 a saiL'S of Clwtill't't'I't'd t"ISst'~ "J>tlct'd al 8' 1111 fl'lIkr wi,h
eight WI4 beams that extend radi- 2l,1"'x 21,1" sled tlliles spa""i"g Ilf!hL't't'" 'lie IrH"~S 10 sUI'/I(Jrt a "Iami",,\: St"1111 ")elf.
ally out from the central column.
The beams are connected to the
 PL.-l/4"x24"-a."
1...!/2" 1'-4 I 2:.t COlUIoIN

~.J~
•
TW
/2"
H
;.,2:
N~
2 1/ 2"' STUl ROOS I
wi f1 ClE\-1S • EACH COLUMN SIZE ~
END .. TURNBUD<LE5. SEE PlAN
~'\r-HrL

PETAIL • ROO SUPPORT

I
Pl.-J/ 4"x24"x24"
( TOP .. BOnOW)

=:-:;;;r--J:==~..{;;"'+.d~~==i (fOI"
.."',,. ""
-.en'

/ilIOn,
Tile {nC/ llly's
50' x 50' d,.;pc-
JC>ST
SEARINC
'''rli eII t rat/Ct'
callopy is
S1'O. SHEAR slIspelldcd from a
CONNECTlON / '-"Il--<=~
(fOP /II lOll.) single skel COI Il IllIl
COLUIro4N SI ZE I
SE£ PlAN by rig'" .. ted rl)tis.
I For arcill ft~ct 1/ ral
DETAIL . BEAM SUPPORTS rt'fbO llS, ti'L' nll/op.'!
U'a~ limited ill
del'lII 10 24 ".

•
column on one end using full-pen- serviceable stnlCture. The center on a 45 a ngle in relation to the
etration welded moment COnnec- column, a 16" x 16" squore tube, general aviati on run way, provid-
tions and are suspend ed from 21;2"- was fill ed with oncrete to help re- ing 180 visibility of the runwa y for
diameter rods on the other end . duce deflections due to the unbal- the ground crew il nd waitin g pas-
The bea ms carry a significa nt anced load ing that could becaused sengers. Additionally, the skewed
amount of axial load due to the rel- by a failed rod . building provid es more efficient
atively shallow 1-in-4 slope of the The remaind er of the ca nopy is passenger flow as well as increa s-
tension rods in relati on to the ra - framed with steel bar joists of vary- ing the visibility of the stru cture to
dial bea ms. ing lengths spanning between the passengers arri ving both by aircraft
The beams behave as propped radial beams. The roof of the can- and automobile.
cantilevers und er servi ce load con- opy consists of an adhered mem- The rid ge line of the roof runs
ditions, which allowed shallower brane roof over a 3" concrete slab across corn ers of th e building, per-
beams to be used to meet the on meta l form deck. The concrete pendicular to the runway, further
depth restraints, while still meet- slab was used to provide addi- complicating the framing . The roof
ing defl ection criteria . If a rod tional dead load to overcome wind system consists of a red standing
should fail, the beam below the uplift and to provide diaphrag m seam metal roo f over ri gid insula-
failed rod becomes a cantilever sti ffness to transfer torsional forces tion and 1 \ii' steel roof deck. The
and th e continuous edge beams bac k to the main building struc- steel roo f deck serves as a dia- •
will redistribute load to adjacent ture. phrag m, eliminating the need for
bea ms a nd rods, provid ing the re- The terminal building, and con- braCing in the roof. Additionally,
dundancy necessa ry to ensure a sequently, the framing, is o riented by using the steel deck, the roof

26 1 Modem Sled Con, lrucllon I Apri l 199 1

.:0
:0 gravity loads due to the wall ,lnd
t framing was oriented so that the do r openings.
I:. )O"ts cou ld span from the ridge line window sy~tcm~, n.~i~h wmd load
along the slope of the roof, which
Window Canopies and Jet bJ"t pre~;url"', and "~C\·L'"
SImplified and reduced the cost of Another interesting clement of as an trltegr,,! part of the bra cd
the framing. the ,tructure is a series of "eye- frames that provide IJtcral IO'ld re-
• The roof framing consists of steel brow" canopies located over the sistance, General contractor on the
;obts with special ~ats to accom- windows on the runway side that proJL'Ct wa; BA AR on.,truttor"
modate the steep roof slope, bear- provide protection from the sun Inc., ashville,
ing on a combination of steel beams and weather. The canopies are 2' 111 The use of ,truetllTal ,tL",J pro-
and trusses. Steel tubes were used depth at the face of the building vidctl the ne,ibllitv tll create thi'
for the columns. Only two interior and taper to a point at the end of unique blllldmg, \vhlll' the t~am
columns were u~ed to a commo- the 8' cantilevered length. The an- concept provided the ,1Venue for
date the open interior of the build- opic~ are framed using a ~eries of crciltlng an efficient, ~on()mical
ing. cantilevered trusses ~pa cd at 8' on and ,lttractlvc structure.
The exterior wall .ystem consists center with 2Vz'· x 2Vz" steel tubes
of a dark-gray split-faced masonry spanning between the trusses to SO(fnlt's A IOfUlIlui,'" IS I'rr~ttlt)"t of
veneer up to 8' with a light-gray ex- .upport the standing ,earn roof 51 rue/II ral Affrlmf"s III f<'rlml "I/Ial,
teTlor m,ulation finish system on deck. lIlC., Nfl:->htl,'h>. Nt' is a n'S'S/t'T('11 IJm-
metal studs above 8'. A s tore-front Since the interior of the building {e ...... umn! e"gmeer ", 17 .. talt's, t1 m('m-
window system extending to a is open, kickers could not be w.ed ber of AI5C, A5C[ nllli tI", 51n" fllral
height of 24' provides the pan- to re>,'>t torsional load, induced by 5tabll"~ Rc",,,rch Cmlllol AI"" he
oramic view of the runway sides of the cantilevered canopies. This sen\'s as all atll"lld I"of"'"'' af
the building. Lateral load resistance problem was solved by sandwich- Valltl",.bdl Ullil·r"'I~. Willml/l r
is provided by braced frames incor- ing a Wl6 beam between two hori- O'Oatll/ell IS a strlld","1 t'''SIIIt't'r at
porated mto the exterior walls with zontal 12·' x 4·· stccl tubes. The 5frur/llral AffJlmlr> 1"I"",,,f,,,"al. Illc.
the framing members strategically beam and tube assembly resists He is a reKistered proft'~~"-"ml ('''SHlft'r
located to avoid the window and torsion from the canopi"" ,upports III T"1111"sse,' "lid "I/Iel/ll~'r (If A5C[

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A BOLT MANUFACTURER IN THE 19905:
~
~ ..,H • U.S. made steel
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'ypo' ,,.., • Wide-range manufacturing
Registered Head Markings on all structural and machine bolts capabilities
from '10" to 3" diameter, all lengths
• Weathering steel: CORTEN X
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• In-house lab testing
• Certification

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SINCE
ST. LOUIS SCREW & BOLT COMPANY 1887
6901 N, Broadway/St.louis, MO 63147/ (314) 389-7500
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\1('lkrn Sh.."d ('OIl'"lrUdlllfl I \ptll 1t1-~1 27

 Giant Clear Span For •
Jumbo Jets
A 412' clearspan was needed to create a hangar big
enough for three planes at once
By Ron Younker, P.E.
s a result of increased air

A travel out of the India napo-

lis International Airport in
the late 19805, the Indianapolis Air-
port Authority decided to build ad-
ditional east/west runways. How-
ever, a UsAir maintenance facility
stood in the way of a needed con-
ncctionway between the new run-

.~-
4
s
ways.
Fortunately, this proved a bless-
ing-in-disguise, as UsAir was able
to replace its 19405 building with a
larger, more modern facility. •
The new structure is a three-bay
maintena nce hangar f aturing a
412' c\earspan and is large enough
to Simultaneously park a 767-300

Tile /lCW USAir MailltellulICt! Facility

-.-
USAI' MaInt~. Facility
and two MD-80s insid e. Hangar
space totals 89,000 sq. ft ., with other
uses adding another 51,000 sq. ft.
The geometry and framing of the
at Illdial1apolis /nt ematiollal Airport hangar can best be described as
features a 412' c1earspall a"d ;s large "large scale, but simple." Although
,."ough to "old three large mrcraft aircraft· truss member loads and connec-
Grade 50 steel was used 0 11 tile projecl tions were large, the design ap-
both for its cost admlltagt'S and for the proach was to keep connections as
reduction ill weight il ca ll provide simple as possible and pay particu-
compared wilh A36 steel. lar attention to areas with differen-
tial rigidities and corresponding de-
flections. Connections were
simplified by using repetitive, con-
ventional details, which simplified
fabrication and erection.
The maintenance complex is de-
signed for 75 mph winds, 20 Ibs.
per sq. ft. snow loads, and Seismic
Zone 1 criteria. Work on contract
drawings began in February 1989
and project completion is sched-
uled for Spring 1991.
A study was made to determine •
the most efficient structural fram-
ing arrangement for the hanga r.

28 1 Modem Steel Con~lruclion I April 1991

 Concept'> included: a "super" truss
• at the front of the hanger with
transverse roof tru,s",; long-span
trusses a rigid frame!,; and a space
structure.
The long-span concept was cho-
sen for economic~ and ease of con-
structabllity. It reqUIred ,mailer
lifts and less complicated place-
ment for erection.
The hangar ~trllctur(" ... column
free area IS approxlI1,atcly 211' x
412' in plan. The structure consists
of eight 412' -long Pratt truss<-'S. The
trusses are attached at the top and
n"'llImgt'r' ~
bottom chord level, to 36"-deep
t mel IIrt' ,,1/1 .. , .. 1.. (,!
WIde nange columns forming long-
fIght 412 ' hillS: Pmtt
span rigid frames . These frames aTC
'rll '",1(',11, II 111'1"11
interconnected with conventional
Ilf.!t111l' n/cU/.~ till' t'IH~'
bottom chord plan braCing and
tw,1 12' lit tllt'trus ..
sway frame bracing between
(t'U/,'r/,ul'
trus;e" to stablhze truss top chords.
Vertical bracing in the side walls Maximum truss camber for dead Ma"mul11 dl"'l\n chord Ithlds
transfer north/south loads to the load is 12 1!.!" and maxImum truss wen? apprt),\lmlltl.'iy IIJ<JO kip~.
foundations. Ilangar roof truss'" deflection due to umform roof The non-hanger area", lI'Jcd A36
arc 261!.!' deep along the eave of the liwlo.ld is <;\1". Except for roof and .,teel. The .,lip-critlcal (OI1J"..'CllOns
structure and 32' deep at the truss side wall strut.., and sway fr~lme in that area '\.'en~ nMdl' \'\'Ith \.( di-
centerline (ridge). Building height bra ing, all structural steel in the ameler A32S boll,.
is '19' at the ridge. hangar, including connlxtion., an- For the entire pn1ll,..:t, the erl'dur
• The rigid frames/trusses were gles and pl.Hl", is A572 Grade 50. opted to lise tensllln control f."ten-
analyzed using a planar (two-dI- Grade 50 steel was selected for the ers.
mensional) modd, as was the inter- hangar bt..'Caus~ of the cost advan-
action between indi\'idual frames tage and ,,'<iu tion in weIght it pro- Vertical And Horizontal
and the hangar bac~wall for lateral vides. Truss dead load was re- Considerations
Io.ldong parallel to frames (east- ducl'<i by approximately 1 'i~, by The struetUrL" b,1C~ "all prl~
west). Hangar olumn.., were mod- using Grade 50 qeel with co,t sav- sentLxI both vertic,,1 as well as hori-
eled with partial base fixity to ac- ings reahLed from reducl'<i tonnage 70nt<11 d~ign con"ldt'ratlOns. The
count for the 36" column bases. for fabrication, shipping and erec- tnlss at the ad)oCl'Tlt (rallle can de-
Columns and ba;.,e dctilils were de- tion . nect up to 71!.!" dUl' to ulfferent live
Signed for 2SO/C maximum base fix- Connections were dl'!.igned by load condition" whole thl' support
ity. the engineer, which provided con- 5teel "t the back \\",11 columns will
The non-hangar area is conven- tinuity in design throughout the see no denl'Ction Actl",1 pmned
tional post and beam construction structure and reduced the time re- connections \--\'ere lI"l~t 111 the last
WIth an cave height of 26'. quirc'<i for shop drawing reVIew, bay (back wall to fi,..,t tru,,) to ac-
Steel erector was AISC-member Truss conr.., truclions were ""hl'CI- commodate thl'''c diHl·rl.'ntial de-
Derr Construction Co. uled by Jomt on the dl"'gn draw- flections. Two bay., or vl'rti al brac-
ings (see figuCl" I and 2). ing allows the back. wall to be Illllch
2,200 Tons Of Steel
The largl'St member !>ize U'l'<i in 'Jtiffcr than the mUI\'luual rigid
Hangar truss members are all the hangar roof truss top and bot- frames.
14" -deep wide flange sections with tom chord members was W14 \ Crane nlll\\,av... l''Xtl'nd to the
the wea~ axis onented horiLontally 193. Although these secllons are bac~ \\'all, but ·Ml' ulrl'<tly sup-
to simplify connecti(1l1s. Individual not c1aS'>ified as "jumbo" sections, portL....:i only (rom h'ln~.1r roof
tru!>ses "~igh more than 100 tons all truss onnections still were slip- truS"l~. Calculatl't..i hOrlJ'('lIltal and
ealh and the total structure used cntical field boltL'<i with 1" d,ame- vertical deflectH.m., ,1t thl' roof Il'\,el
more than 2,200 tons of structural ter A490 bolts. FIeld bolting elimi- arc provided on thl' contr,lct dritw-
stl'el. Wide nange shapes were used nated additional concerns-such as ing., to aid in the dl~ign of crane
for all truss mcmber~, which sim- tOllghness reqlllrcmcnt~, preheat runway and coofinl\ systems. The
• plified connection, for easier fabri- and inspection requircment'" for hangar roof supports a , lon .lnd a
cation and erection. welding of the hea vy!>e tions. 10 ton cranl', Thrl'l' \"ork. pl,ltturms,
 flld ~'ctJOIIS of
the Iruss were sel
at the col/millS by
s;11Il1ltaIlCO/l s/ .II •
lower;Il8 till' tol'
clwrd dl'fall 011 to
till' col WI/II cal'
platf' while
8uidm8 1/1(' trtl!>S
IlOttolll cltord (,lid
member illsid('
nG.1 Ctlllllectill88 l1s "et
T'l'PtCAl COL...... N piatt's 011 tit£' W36
TOP QtORO TRUSS DETAIL
CO/III11I1.

supported at the bottom chord sections were set at the columns by after the erection of at least three
level of the hangar roof trusses, simultaneously lowering the top adjacent trusses.
provide mechanical and electrical chord detail onto the column cap Hangar truss denections were
services. plate while guiding the truss bot- measured after the shoring towers
Hangar roof trllsses were field tom chord end member inside con- were re moved and joists and roof
bolted with the longest chord sec- necting gusset plates on the W36 liner panel were placed. Truss cen-
tions approximately two panels columns. terline elevations were approxi-
(55') long. The erector opted to as- The center section and other end ma tely 2" above theoretica l eleva-
semble the trusses in three sec- section were then lifted, positioned, tion. This differential was reduced
tions. The first section of each trllSS and supported on two shoring after placement of the tota l roof
was li fted and stabbed at the W36 towers per truss. The shoring tow- system, catwalks, piping and crane
column chord connections. End ers were removed sequentially support steel.

•
I.C.B.O. Listed
.' d A325 and A490
Full range of certlfl~ te complement of
bolts and camp e including ''Tone''
tools for installation , TSW 60LC high
nd the new I
too Is a d swivel head too.
spee ,

BRISTOl: MACHINE COMPANY

NEWESTOF

•
FULL LINE Construction Fastener
OF LIGHT Systems Division
WEIGHT
TOOLS

30 1 Modem Sleel C'OO\trucllOn 1 April I{)()I

 Afl'T 1/1, <lid
.): sect /011.0; wert' put 111
place, the Cfnter

e S£'CtiOl.' and Otlli..'

t'tId ",>ct,on ll'ert'
tI,en "{ted, posllOlIl'd
"mt supporft>d 0"
hm shorhrg tou.'t't'!'
per truss. Ti,e
D!J'!,. ...~.fW
shormg towers Wt'n'
flO. 2
rt'mol'fd St'qllelltially T"fACAl .rr[AIOR TOP CHORD
TRUSS O(TAIl
a/fer till' erection of
at least three atilt'r
tru~Sl!S .

Steel detailing was completed north elevation, which includes the floor elevation and laterally at the
over a schedu led period of 14 hanger doors. The roof system is a top by telescoping roller guide,.
weeks. The hangar trusses were the standing seam metal roof over a 26 When Air occupie, the ;truc-
longest for which the steel detailer gage liner panel and 1Y.l" rigid in- ture this spring, more than 200
had ever contracted. sulation with vapor barrier. maintenance personnel will work
The building is sided with 22 Hanger doors consist of eight inside a sheltered environment sup-
gage preformed metal panel, 26 electrica lly powered independently ported by extremely long-'pan steel
gage liner panel and 2" glass fiberoperated leaves. The doors provide trussed frames.
batt insulation with vinyl backing.a 62' -high openi ng. Door leaves are ROil YOllllker, p.r ., is n s1r11c/llmi
To reduce radar interference, non- supported on embedded rails at e1lgillerr with Bllr1l~ & McDomlell , n
metallic siding (fiberglass rein- finish floor elevation and are sup- Kausns C;ly-ba~ed ('IIglllrrriuR/arcll;-
forced panels) is required at the ported on embl>dded rails at finish teet lire fir", .

e
WE KNOW SOME OF YOUR
COMPETITORS WHO ARE PRODUCING
SHOP DRAWINGS 10 TIMES FASTER
THAN IS POSSIBLE FOR YOU
Call 1·800·456·7875
to receive our free brochure and video explaining how.
e STEELCAO INTERNATIONAL· 200 E. ROBINSON ST. • SUITE 250 • ORLANDO, FLORIDA 32801

Modem Steel ComlrUl:uon J Apnl 1991 / J I

 Train Tracks Detour •
Building's Foundation
Building over train tracks meant that the southwest
corner of an otherwise ideally located site was
inaccessible for foundation placements
By Charles Anderson, AlA, S.E.,
and John Karabatsos, S.E.
hile the site of the new

W Morton International
Building in Chicago was
ideal for leasing, it created numer-
ous headaches structurally. After
careful consideration, the engi-
neers designed a steel-framed
building set upon a concrete plat-
form and utilizing a modified tube
structure. For lateral load resis-
tance, numerous transfers occur •
throughout the structure to facili-
tate design considerations and site
constraints.
General program requirements
from the building's owner,
Rubloff, Inc., consisted of a 36-
story building containing approxi-
mately 700,000 sq. ft. of rentable
office space and 20,000-25,000 sq.
ft. of retail space with 9'-high ceil-
ings.
The lower Ooors would utilize
the entire site, providing 42,000 sq.
ft. plans ideally suited for data
center operations. In addition,
Rubloff specified that the floors in-
tended for data center use would
have heavier-than-normal live
load capacity and electrical and
HVA loads, and 15' floor-to-ceil-
ing heights to accommodate an an-
ticipated 2' raised-access computer
floor.
Air-Rights Site
The building's site at 100
Riverside on the edge of hicago's
downtown area is bordered by a •
roadway to the north, a bridge to
PllOto opposIte by Gregory Mllrphey the south, a cantilevered roadway

32 1 Modem Steel Conlilructlon I Apnl 1991

•
 to the west, and a City park and
the Chicago River to the cast. Ad-
ditionally, it's an air rights si te lo-
cated above the active Metra and
Amtrack Railroad tracks, which
lead to nearby Union Station, a
•
major commuter rail station , The
air rights site lease included a cais-
son location diagram that depicted
the onlv allowable locations for the
bUildin"g to touch the ground.
The site provided numerous ad-
vantages for leasability, including:
proximity to major commuter rail
stations; a prime location in an eco-
nomically expanding area; and an
enviable view of the hicago River.
Site Constraints
The site, however, also posed
several problems. Readily apparent
from the caisson location diagram
and the railroad track layout was
that the southwest corner of the
site is inaccessible for foundation
placements. At this location, the
tracks curve and ~witch to make
their final alignment to the station.
In accordance with published rail- •
road safety cleara nce requircrnents,
there wasn't room for even the
; mallest foundation or supporting
column in the southwest corner of
the site.
The second foundation problem
was that due to the multiple tracks,
switches, and signal lines, a grade
beam system tying the individual
caissons together could not be in-
stalled. Since the building is on an
air rights site, conditions precluded
building a basement. This required
TIlt' Im5s lIIembers art' lmilt "I' from ~tll/ltiard ~tmclurals"ap('s a1ld I'late~. with Ihl' the caissons to transmit all lateral
major Imss members bllllillp from ... i."( 4" x 24" platt':'>. Tile boiled collm'ctio"s an'lIlade wind loads from the structure to
w,ll, 1~ "-dlallleter ASTM A-I-90 ',oltsaud special I'ai", 'll'f1S used 10 ,,,crcast'tridio,, the soil.
belwt't'"li't' plales at ti,e collllceliotls. Truss plloto by McShatle & Fle",itls Studio Soil borings indicated that a
caisson system typica l for Chicago
could be constructed. In this partic-
ular system, foundations extend to
the hardpan soil layer (approxi-
mately 70' below existing grade), at
which point the ca isson is bell-
shaped to allow bearing of the ver-
tical loads. Based on recommenda-
tions made by the owner's soil
consulta nt, STS, Northbrook, IL,
lateral loads were resisted through •
the passive pressure of the soil. The
structural engineers analytica lly

~ I Modem Sleel Con,'rut.:llon I Apnl 1991

,
tJ1

modelled the caisson shafts using

• horizontal 'prings to simulate the
elastic spring constant of the soil.
The first tier of concrete column,
and the first floor slab were also
modelled . Late,,1 wind loads were
applil>d from all directions to the
first floor slab. TI,ese were very
complex loading patterns due to
the bUilding's asymmetry. Caisson
diameter, as well as the elastic
properties of the soil springs were
adjusted to limit the maximum
caisson drift to less than \112".
Due to the inability to place
foundations m the sou thwest cor-
ner, initial schemes for the parking
le\'els and the data center floor
plates had a notch m the corner.
Howe\·er, this open area resulted in
restncted and narrow noor plans,
creatmg awk\.vard space for plan-
ning a data center, and espt.~ially
for plannmg a par\"ing garage.
During thi' time, a prospective
data center tenant indicated that he
would only be interested in the
building if the notch were filil>d . An
interior truss sys tem was consid-
• ered to fill in the notch, but was
eventually rejected due to the di -
advantage in 'pace planning for the
parking facilities and data center
created by having large sloping col-
umns runl1lng through the build-
ing.
Exterior Overhead Truss
Ilow(',,('r, (rom these analyses
emerged the concept for an exterior
overhead truss.
The earliest designs for the over-
head truss envisioned the lise of ca- n/t·/lII//d"'.r(,<; trill/slt'r sy:-;h'1II C(lIISISI:-; III two W' -tlt·t·p plflle glrt/f'r:-;, WIl' nt II'Z't" 2
bles similar to a suspension bridge. alltl tim' fit 1.1.'1.'('18 , Vt'rflml 1I11d 1/()r1:(lllttllll1t'",l)I'r~ 11t'/wI't'II 1I1l' ;-.tlre/t'rs dn' 'u lly l('ddt'd,
Unfortunately, discussions between !orm;",\: II ... / \ -.. h1ry f1t't·111-'u·n·lldee1lrJl ..... , Photo b,lI Mt'~/llm,' {.,. f1"/IIUlS Stllliid
the general contractor, Schal Asso-
ciates, Inc., hicago, and the struc-
tural engineers concl uded that the
connections of the cable members
would be difficult.
It wa, then determined that the
trusses should be built lip from
standard structural shapes and
plates. Bolts were used for all ten-
sion connections and welding. for
compressive connections. The
• major truss members are built up
from six 4" x 24" plates. The bolted
connections arc made with l ~"-di-
 ameter ASTM 490 bolts. Special columns were anchored with 3"-di- •
paint was used to increase friction ameter, 9' -long anchor bolts. The
between the plates at the connec- concrete columns and caissons
tions. below also were designed and de-
Typical connection knuckle!> tailed for tensile forCe!>.
were prefabricated and erected.
These knuckles were used for both Unbalanced Floor Loads
the overhead trusses and for the The overhecJd truss~ cantilever
lower trusses near Levell . The 55' and suspend 14 floors of data
knuckles in compression were center and parking garage opera-
built up from four 6"-thick plates tions. Due to the unbalanced load
welded together. Vibratory stress condition created by the sus-
relaxation techniques were used pended floors, the vertical frames
on the steel plates to minirnize that support the overhead trusses
stress fractures and lamellar tear- were designed as cantilevered
ing of the plates during welding. frame!>.
Analysis of many load combina- The construction sequence of the
tions indicated that the entire ver- frame was to build it 3W' out of
tical load be cMried by the center plumb, towards the river. As the
columns. This compressive load of overhead trusSt.'5 and floor struc-
some 4,000 tons was transmitted to ture were suspended on the west,
SIIoltHJ aiJOl,(, IS tlu' cOl/strudiotl of tilt' the platform through 13"-thick the unbalan ed loads caused the
base plates. TIle easternmost col- vertical frames to drift into a verti-
trusses aud m,,,,edIOIIS. Pllota by
McSlwlll' & FII'",iIlN Studio urnns under certain load condi- cal plumb condition under dead
tions had a tendency to have up- load and partial live load .
lift. To resolve that problem, the During constnlction column
l

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J6 ! Modem Sled COII'lrul:llOtl I April IWI

 shafts were assembled on the redundant capacity and is capable haust plenum that is connected
• ground and put into place by a of supporting the loads of an adja- hlefit of the massive concrete was
crane. Once the hanging columns cent tnlss. The overhead trusses its ability to dampen vibration, cre-
were in place, the floors were and the lower level trusses are sup- ated by the trains. Although the
erected from the ground up-no ported by a transfer girder system platform is primarily oncrete, sev-
different than a normal construc- at the Level, which is the level of eral spans requITed the installation
tion sequence. This construction the adjacent street bridges. of plate girders encased with con-
sequence afforded safety for the crete to carry the imposed loads. A
construction crews by placing the Transfer System total of 250 tons of structural steel
floor decking below. Also, the The east portion of this Levell is embedded in the platform.
trains were protected from poten- transfer system includes 7' -6"-deep The platform's west rn portion
tial falling objects. concrete girders spanning east- is a combination of steel in the
To equalize deflections and min- west. The girders are spaced 30' on southwest portion and concrete in
imize differential movement, a center in the north-south direction. the northwest portion. The north
load distributing truss was in- Concrete columns extend from the portion of the platform has spans
stalled in the north-south direction caissons to the underside of the of b5' to 70'. In this area, the on-
at Level 8 between the suspended concrete girders. The east-west crete was suspended by hangers
columns. spacing of these columns varies connected to a six-story steel trans-
This distribution truss served and is governed by accessible loca- fer system above.
two purposes: First, it equalized tions between the active railroad This Six-story system transfers
and distributed loads to the over- tracks. the 40' core-to-window wall depths
head trusses; and second, it trans- The platform is part of the die- for the 36-story office tower to the
ferred the load to adjacent over- sel exhaust system, which has a ce- caisson 10 «tions that require spans
head trusses in the unlikely event ment plaster ceiling suspended varying from 65' at the south end
of a single overhead truss failure. below it. The space between the of the tower to 72' at the north end .
Each of the overhead trusses has platform and ceiling is a diesel ex- This transfer system onsists of two

•You can always If you arc watching the

computcli/ed dC!:lIlmg
mar~etplace. you can ·t mi"

spottheleaderin announcemcn". One compan) i,

adding "air" another. hraclllg.
One i, moving thelT product to

the crowd ... Unix and yet another" mtroduClng

a '·unique" approach allowmg a
,ingle member or ,heet to be
detailed independent of the fC't 01

everyone the

And if you arc watching the

,lruClur~.

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IS marketplace. you ~now that the,c
companie, are ,trugg"ng jt"t to

following catch up. And while the) "ruggle.

Dogwood" developing the next
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,y"em that not only "or~,/ill" you
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• ~ ---tx-)-~\-,,-(~---·~-'c-·h-n-o-to-~-ic->.-I-n-c.-.--p-.(-)-.t-I(-)X-~-2-K-5-t-.--~-'-O-x-"-ill-e-.·-r--5---9-~(-J-9'-~2-H----
6 1~ . ~.\ t ·· I(I'~ ° Il<Xj.5 .. 6 ·(P06

Modem Sleel COfl'lrulllon I Apnl I~I I .17

10'-deep plate girders, one at Level
2 and the other at Level 8. Vertical
and horizontal members between
the girders are fully welded, form-
ing a six-story deep vierendeel
truss. These trusses transfer the in-
terior columns from above, which
carry load s of approximately 2,500
tons. Hangers were installed from
the bottom of this truss to su pport
the loading dock and parking ga-
rage ramps below.
Typically, an economical lateral
system for a 36-story building
would be a braced core. The rail-
road tracks, however, prohibited
the use of that system . Further,
there was no way to distribute the
concentrated wind loads a braced
core to the platform and eventually
to the ca issons.
Instead, a tube structure, with
the exterior columns spaced 15' on
center, was selected for the tower
of the building. Exterior columns
and spandrel beams were fabri -
ca ted fully welded at the col-
umn / beam connection with a
shear plate connection and at the
mId-spa n of the beam. These
"trees" were fabricated with two-
story columns.
Original designs had the perim-
eter columns spaced 30' on center,
but subsequent design modifica-
tions and owner concessions al-
lowed the structural design to have
15' o n center spacing. This modifi-
cation reduced the quantity of
structural steel by more than 1,500 II, additioll to {'''SlIIeerillS man.lf!/s, fhe Mortoll II/I emal iOlmi Blllidillg {t'ntures
tons. beal/ti/lIllIltt'rior sl'flces. Photo by Nick Merrick, Iledrich-Bkssi"S
Including the concrete platform
tran~fe r system, there are five
major load transfer systems in the Charles Alldersoll is all Associate Prillcipal allri /01111 Karnbotsos
project. The building structure con- is a sellior project ellgilleer with Perkills & Will , all architecture, ell-
tains approximately 11,500 tons of gilleerillg, ill/eriors alld pla/willQ finll headqllartered ill Chicago,
A36 and A572 Grade 50 structural Ulld with offices ill New York alld WasiJillgtoll.
steel and encloses just over
1,030,000 gross sq. ft . Fabricator on
the project was AISC-member Pitt-
Des Moines, Inc., Melrose Park, IL.
The building, which was com-
pleted in mid -yea r 1990, is now

•
70~ occupied . The project recently
received an award for Most lrlllO-
vative Design of 1990 from the
Structural Engineers Associa tion of
Illinois.

38 f Modem Sleel COn\lruclion I April 1991

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 Gym Infill
Requires
Structural
Strengthen ing

40 I Modem Sleel Construction ' April 1991

•
• The 73,OOO-sq.-ft.
Denver Place
Athletic Center is
partially built on
rr,
r
top of an existing
pedestrian bridge
By Ben elson, P.E.
he past decade has seen radi-

T cal changes in the construc-

tion climate of metropolitan
Denver. During the oil boom of the
early 1980s, development occurred
as fast as structures could be built.
But when the energy bust hit, con-
struction screeched to a halt.
Today, with a recently com-
pleted convention center, design
underway on a new airport «(or
more information, see the upcom-
ing April 1991 issue of MSc), and a Ti,e D",,,tl('r AlII/rile
rebuilding economy, the city is Critter IS 1m lit , ", part , mt
poised to make a commercial and lop of n pre-l'x/slmg
retail comeback. Included in this Ilfc/e;,trialt b,id,r;w
• resurgence is the Denver Place
Athletic Center.
The Athletic Center is part of
the Denver Place Complex, a i
mixed-use development encom-
passing two city blocks in the
downtown area and owned by
Amerimar Realty Company, Den-
ver. The development contains
.rauoo.....,.,c _ _ _ • - --~
1 1'.- _ _ 1-.1 ... , 1

nearly 1.5 million sq. ft. in three of- Key Plan

fice towers, an apartment/hotel
tower, a hotel conference center,
and underground parking. The
73,OOO-sq.-ft. Athletic Center is the land Associates, Inc., Denver, first elements within the overall com-
latest addition to the complex and studied the site, they suggested plex, design alternatives were on-
infills a portion of the existing placing a portion of the project sidered primarily on how they
courtyard and also "piggybacks" within the existing courtyard, thus would affect building dead loads.
on top of an existing pedestrian providing approximately SO,OOO sq. ompositc high '>trength steel
bridge spanning Curtis Street. ft. of the 73,000 sq. ft. required to beam; with light weight concrete
Completed last spring, the $5.6 house the project's fun tion . slabs were the obviou~ ch Ice to
million Athletic Center houses a The remaining needed space was minimize the dead load and the
gym, racquetball and squash gained by building a second level strengthening of the existtng foun-
courts, swimming and whirlpools, on top of an existing pedestrian dations. Resistan e to latcral loads
locker rooms, aerobics facilities, bridge that links the complex's two is provided UStng a combtnation of
and administrative offices. city blocks. Fortunately, the city conventtonal steel X and chevron
The five previously existing granted approval for the use of braces. But (Iyen with the
structures of Denver Place pre- 23,OOO-sq.-ft. of the public right-of- structure's light weIght, cost ~ti­
sen ted an extremely tight site on way spa e. mates furnIshed by thc general
• which to build the new center. Since the new structure would contractor-Pinkard onstruction
When the architect, Murata Out- be supported on existing structural Company, Lakewood, 0-

Modl'm 51('('1 On'itrultion Apnl tq«,ll 41

 --- == I==~
•
fJII"""" I~
IJL 1"1 .. & a
"""'" I.ko.
~ I

I
# .. oot,..a,....p.-JII.>.O ..........
Pf' 15.0, ... ".. p~ I"I lor""

o ~~l'
"" _ .Ill'>

EXIST
e """f'I,"l
..... ~ CL Of- EXIST 8M

EXIST SL ,t,a
"

rL-.f7l'-< OF

.,
£ ol I £1'1 0
f>L
)---.,d"-

.n
B

•
EXEST 911 REel
Pl."'''' FOR SIZE

IL ~ COVER
~I-N;]a;r,S;,.t1;
PLATE DETAIL
ALnE;-'-'-=':O"-"'"-==----

showed that the cost for the the structural engineer, Mar- ted roughly one-half of the Athletic
structure's three levels was only tin / Martin, Wheat Ridge, CO, was Center's columns to be aligned
slightly higher than the cost for the significant strengthening of with the column grid of the exist-
strengthening the existing structure these systems and their connec- ing structure. The remaining new
to support the addition. tions. columns did not align and were
The Athletic Center is supported Most of the existing Denver supported either by adding new
by four different existing structural Complex elevated plaza is con- steel transfer members framing
systems. These systems include: an structed of structural steel beams into existing noor beams or by
elevated outdoor plaza constructed and columns supported by concrete strengthening existing members to
of composite steel beams; a two- columns through an underground serve this function. Steel columns
way banded post-tensioned con- parking garage and founded on that required additional capacity to

•
crete nat plate; a cast-in-place con- drilled caissons. Much of the new support the new loadings were fit-
crete pan joist slab; and steel Athletic Center is supported on ted with nange and / or web cov-
trusses supporting the pedestrian these existing steel members. erplates.
bridge. The primary challenge for Interior space allocation permit- The structural strengthening

42 1 M odern Steel Construction I April 199 1

 needs were two-fold: Much of the
existing structure, as well as a ma-
jority of existing connections, re-
• quired significant strength upgrad-
ing. Where poSSible, the ex;sting
beams were strengthened using
conventional steel coverplating of
the bottom flange. The existing con-
crete columns and caisson founda-
tions were found to have sufficient
capacity without strengthening.
The use of bottom flange cov-
erplates only was sufficient in
many instances because the existing
steel beams were originally de-
signed based on fully composite
shear transfer between the beam
and concrete slab. The coverplate
essentially "balances" the concrete
compression flange. Other floor
beams supporting higher loads re-
quired strengthening beyond what
an economical cover plate could
prOVide. In these situations, a steel
"T n (WT) section was welded to the
beam bottom flange to provide the
necessary capacity.
The strengthening of existing
connections was much more diffi-
cult, particularly for existing beams
supporting new columns. These
• transfer beams required connec-
tions of almost double their original
capacity. A variety of connection
strengthening techn;ques were
used including addition of stiffened
seats, knife (shearl plates, and ex-
tending the length of existing dou-
ble angle connections.
Structural steel also provided an
economical solution for the support
of the new swimming and whirl-
pools above an existing concrete SIt';!JerectlOlI W(l~ complIcated by tig'" ttl()rkmg cOt/daio/ls, ShowlI;s 1IIl' tOT,,,mg Ollt
floor structure that did not have of the "l'tV bridge trIl S5('S "plggybackl/JS" ti,e existing l'h'tlfltf'd ,)('rle~trjnll hndXt'.
sufficient capacity to carry these
heavy loads. The new pools were
supported with a steel grid bearing lS'-deep trusses spanning 90' par- to the tight si te and numerous loca-
on the concrete floor only near ex- allel to and above the bridge. tions requiring structural modifica-
isting columns, thus eliminating the The erection of the large trusses tion. Steel's flexibility-both in its
need for expensive concrete required the closing of a major ability to be readily strengthened
strengthening. A new steel truss downtown street and careful con- and its light weight-r""uited in
also was added to support plaza struction coordination. substantial cost s<wi ngs for the
structure where two existing steel Four new steel columns and owner. Through the cooperation
columns needed to be removed to caisson foundations were added to and coordination of the entire proj-
permit an increased lap-pool width. support the gym roof truss"", a ect team the ~trll cturc was built
The Athletic Center's gym floor most difficult task considering the economi ally, on a ~hort '>Chedule,
is a double structure supported on below grade congestion of existing and with limited field problems.
coverplated roof beams of the exist- building foundations and site utili-
ing enclosed pedestrian bridge. The ties. Bell NelSOII, P.C., is a I'ro/l'cl t'''S'-
• gym is constructed of steel bar The project challenged the de- lIe"r wi/It Mar/I11/Marllll, /11 (" Call
joists supported by a pair of new ign team with its omplexity due SlIltillg Ellgillerrs, Wlteal RlIlge, CO.

Modt:rn ~tcd Cono.trtl(:hun Apnl ItN! 43

 A
T C Bolt Supply Co., Inc.
new brochure describes in-
s tallation procedures, me-
chanical requirements, fastener ten-
sion requirements, shapes and
dimensions, and weights of the
Trace Data-Pac, a doculllent that in-
cludes a copy of the original certi-
fied mill test report, the mechanical
test report, and the Dyson certified
test report / compliance and heat
charts.
•
companies line of high-strength, For a free copy, contact: Dy-
tension control bolts. Also included Trace Bulletin, jos. Dyson & Sons,
is a chart for determining bolt Inc., 1'.0. Box 228, ,2 Freedom
length. Other products include: Road, Painesville, 011 44077 (800)
swaged anchors; double expansion 321-7058.
shields; threaded and plain cinch;
hook anchors; crane rail anchors;
hook anchors; tie rods; cinch drive
sleeves; square and rOllnd bend
U's; self drilling shield s; eye bolts;
toggle bolts; drift pins; arc weld-
ments; and coupling nuts.
For more information, contact: T
C Bolt Supply Co., Inc., Forest
Road, 1'.0. Box 197, Greenfield, H
03047 (603) 547-6371.

Le Jeune Bolt Co.

T he Le jeune Tension Control

Bolting Systems combine a

•
unique high-strength bolt design
with a precision delayed-fracture
material and are manufactured
Nucor Fastener
EASY REFERENCE TO under strict quality standards. Be-
•
•
OIapllragm SUMOth
Ooapllragm SuNness
• Complete set of load
Tables lor TypiCal
Panel Conf~urauons
cause tension control is built into
the bolts, installation and inspec-
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N ucor Fastener offers mechani-
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using the most advan cd process
• Connecnons and Connector Types
• Concrete Filled available are a full line of domestic available. As a result, the fasteners
Diaphragms • Typteal Fastener offer maximum corrosion protec-
layotJl hex structu ral bolts. Le jeune also
• 62 Pages Filled With offers "in-house" mechanical gal- tion, excellent uniformity and no
Shear OIaphragm • Warpil1lJ Factor
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Examples
• D-Values for Warping ASTM 6695 class 50. detempering. All galvaniLed prod-
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References
Le jeune Bolt Co., 8330 West 220th AASHTO M298 and MIL-C-81562
DON'T DELAY-ORDER YOURS TODAY! St., Lakeville, MN 55044-9106 (612) requirements. All of the steel used
469·5521 or (800) 872-2658. in the nuts and bolts comes from
rSe nd cheCkS; postal , ;;;;ri'd"m~;Y --' Nucor Steel anti other domestic
Iorde rs, draft s, In U.S. curre ncy. I Jos. Dyson & Sons, Inc. steel mills.
1Quantity 1 For a free brochure, contact:
1
1
_ _ 2ND EDITION DIAPHRAGM
DESIGN MANUAl.
$4500ea
1
1
A new bulletin describes fully
traceable bolts made in sizes
!Ml" through 4" diameters and
ucor Fastener, 1'.0 . Box 6100, St.
joe, I 46785 (800) 334-9397.
1__ 1st Edllion Diaphragm 1 lengths to 30". These bolts are trace-
De~gn Manual. 1 DECO Manufacturing CO.
1 $30.00 ea able throughout each step of the
1_ _ Steel Deck DeSign Manual.
1 $11 OOe.
1
1
manufacturing process from die
design and construction through
forging, hcat treating (Dyson fur-
D ECO Adjustable Anchors are
machined to e act tolerances
and approved a cording to the
1 US CurrencyTotal 1
naces are calibrated to M1 L-H-6875 most stringent quality assurance
1 Out 01 USA surcharge. 10% 1 standards. The company's column

•
and M1 L-STD-l684A standards),
I Add on for Airmail I descaling and mechanical testing. anchor is designed to be installed
L ___ ~'al Enclo~ _ _ =..l The bulletin also details the Dy- flush with the foundation. Column

STEEL DECK INSTITUTE, INC.

PO BOX 9506, CANTON, QHI044711 • (216)'93-7886

"'-' I Modem Sleet COmltllCIlOO I Apnl 1991

 A 325. A 490 "RAPID TENSION" BOLTS

• A "BOLT" FROM THE RED,

WHITE AND BLUE.
Amerlcan·made Rapid Ten·
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NSS. meet the highest In·

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best bolts

you can

buy In
,.
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~
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Nil

•
9075 GENERAL DRIVE
PLYMOUTH . MI 48170
313-459·9500
800·221 ·5126
FAX· 313-459-4830
 ---- - -------------------------------------------------------

Anchor Studs are machined from Pneutek, Inc., 29 Flagstone Dr.,

ASTM A36 hot-rolled steel, yield-
Pneutek, Inc.
Iludson, I! 03051 (603) 883-1660. •
ing a tensile strength of 55,000 Ibs.
per sq. in. minimum . Couplings are
mill-tested, CJl44, cold-rolled steel
T hree new brochures describe
the company's systems for fas-
tening: steel roof and noor deck;
Mid South Bolt and Screw
Co., Inc.
and deliver a minimum yield stccl to concrete; and plywood to
strength of 90,000 psi.
For more information, contact:
DE 0 Manufacturing Co., 519 East
structural framing. The system con-
sists of fully-automatic low velOCity
fastening tools that require no pre-
T he company's line of bolts are
roll thread, which tests have
shown to be considerably stronger
William St., Decatur, IL 62523 (217) drilling. than cut thread . According to a
428-4991 or (BOO) 637-5861. For more information, contact: Pittsburgh Testing Laboratory re-
port, when you cut away material,
the stock is weakened conSiderably,
whereas when you roll thread the
material is compressed and actu-

CUSTOM TUBULAR SECTIONS ally strengthened.

For more information, contact:
Mid South Bolt and Screw 0., Inc.,
499 Cave Road, a;hville, TN
Tubular Sections Manufactured To Meet 37210-0884 (615) 889-8341.

Your Soecific Shaoe &Size Requirements TRW Nelson Stud Welding

ASTHE TlCAllY
APPEAliNG
EXCElLENT TQRS()NAl
PROPERTIfS
lARGE SIZES
14 T030 A new brochure from TRW de-
scribes fastening techniques
with stud welding. Stud welding is
essentially an electric arc welding
process with the stud itself serving
as the electrode. Included is infor-
mation about the proces; of stud •
welding, composite construction,
and retrofitting.
SQuARES For more information, contact:
TRW elson Stud Welding Divi-
sion, Controls and Fasteners
Group, 7900 West Ridge Road, P.O.
Box 4019, Elyria, OH 44036-2019
(216) 329-0400.

RECTANGLeS Struct-Fast, Inc.

F astening systems from Struct-

Fast are designed to fasten to
structural steel without welding or
PROPERTIES TAILORED EXCELLENT HENY WAll
TO SPECifIC NE.EDS COlUMN S TRENGTH Tt-HCKNESS 3J8 I drilling. The systems are designed
to work with bar~ fibcrglass~ stain-
• Sizes u/J to 30" sQuare • Section /Jro/Jertles avallabte less steel or aluminum bar grating
• Ta/Jered or straight sections on reQuest and metal floor plate. The company
• No minimum order size also offers a system for turning a
standard A-325 structural bolt into
a hook bolt for fastening secondary
ArlN ,Ie,
fAIMIINT TUlSA· , •• • ••, lUI· IUlSA. IKLAHOMA ,.,"
WElTKEMfE" CAU rDU "EE: ' ·"'·331·3111
beams to the primary members
r.. "
NAI,t[

"'~
"1d ...ooot-onaltntotmaloOtl ~ 1<Ibf".t1ed IUbular MCtIOI'I$

TITLE
W
VaLMONT
without welding or drilling.
For more information, contact:
Struct-Fast, Inc., 20 Walnut St.,
Suite 101, Wellesley I Iills, MA

•
IULSII 02181 (617) 235-6734.
cny STATE

PtK)N( ZIP
 AISC 1991 Prize Bridge Competition

•
Eligibility Entry Requirements
To be eligible. a bridge must be built of fabricated All entries must contain an entry form . photographs
structural steel. must be located within the United and a written description of the project
States (defined as the 50 states. the District of
Columbia. and all U.S. territories). and must have 1. Entry form: All Information requested on the form
been completed and opened to traffic from July 1. must be completed In full.
1986 through May 1. 1991 .
2. Photographs: Professional quality 8xlO color
prints of various views showing the entire bridge .
Including abutments. 35 mm slides should also be
Judaing Criteria submitted If available . All photographs must be
Will bebased primarily upon aesthetics. economics. cleared for use by AISC.
design and engineering solutions Quality of
presentations. though not a criterion. is important. 3. Descflptlon: Explanation of design concept
problems and solutions. aesthetic studies. project
economics and any unique or Innovative aspect of
Award Categories the project. Include no lorger than 11 x 17 drawings
shOWing elevation . framing system and typical
Entries will be judged In one or more categories. but
may receive only one award. details

Long Span One or more spans over 400 ft. in length.

Medium Span, High Clearance Vertical clearance

Method of Presentation
Each entry should be submitted in an 8 1/2' x 11'
of 35 ft . or more with longest span between 125 and binder. containing transparent Window sleeves for
• 400ft displaying Inserts back to back . The entry form
Included In the brochure must be easily removable.
Medium Span, Low Clearance Vertical clearance so that the Identification of the entry can be
less than 35 ft. with longest span between 125 and concealed dUring judging All Information
400ft requested on the entry form must be Included
Short Span No single span greater than 125 ft. in
length.
Awards
Grade Separation Basic purpose Is grade The winners will be notified shortly after the June
separation. Judging. Public announcements of the winners Will
be made In the September Issue of Modern Steel
Elevated Highway or Viaduct Five or more spans. Construction magazine Award presentations will be
crossing one or more traffic lanes. made to the winning designers during the National
Steel Bridge Symposium . September 16. 1991.1n St .
Movable Span Hoving a movable span. Louls. MO

Railroad Prtncipal purpose of carrying a railroad.

may be combination. but non-movable.
Deadline for Submission
Special Purpose Bridge not identifiable In one of the Entfles must be postmarked on or before May 24.
above categories. including pedestrian. pipeline 1991 and addressed to: American Institute of Steel
and airplane Construction. Inc .. Attn: Awards Committee. One
East Wacker Drive. SUite 3100. Chicago. IL
Reconstructed Having undergone major rebuilding 6060 /-200 /. For further information. call
312/ 670-2400

•
 AISC 1991 Prize Bridge Competition

Entry Date'_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Nome of Bridge' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ComplefJon Date_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

•
LocafJon' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Date opened to traftlc, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Category In which entered' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Approx. total cost_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Span lengths _Roadway wldths, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Steel wt,fsq, It of deck_ _ _ _ _ _ __

Vertical clearance' ________ Steel tonnage,_ _ _ _ _ _ Palnted yes,_ _ _ _ _ _ No _ _ _ _ __

Structural system(s) (descnbe broefly here) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

InnovativeConcepts _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Descriptive data Attach separate sheets (see entry requirements)

No. of photographs enclosed Color prints 35 mm slides_

Design Firm:

Address:
Street
""'"'"
City and State lip
Person to contact:

•
Title
Consulting Firm (n any):
Phone
Address:
~freef City and Stote Z"
Person to contact
General Contracting Firm:
---- ',lie
Phone
Address:
'ee, CllyondSlote lip
Person to contact
Steel Fabricating Firm:
--- '"",

Phone
Address:
Street CI1y and State lIP
Person to contact
title
Steel Erecting Firm:
Phone
Address:
Street - -- --- City and Slole lip
Person to contact:
T"'"
Owner:
Phone
Address
Street City and Stote lip
Person to contact:
TIlle

This entry submitted by

Firm:
Phone
Address:
Street Oly and Slole lip

(ADDITIONAL ENTRIES MAYBE SUBMinED ON CClP'ES Of THIS fORM)

,... KOPE-!NG
'.(1
-.j The company with the turnkey
answer to your teel DeLo1jJing
AISC Needs!
KOPE-lNG and Mountain Soft-

. Ii: T Al
. ~~ .
wo new
120-page
books from
contain design
ware LTD have designed a com-
plete system based on Sun plat-
forms, Sun compatibles such as
Solburne Computers, as well as 486
aids for shear connec- and 386 computers using un OS,
tions not previously SCO Xenix, and Arris software.
published. Presented in Stee l-Pac features include:
easy-to-use tabular • A wide variety of connection
form, the books include types
designs for double- • Auto matic determination a n d
angle web bolted con- verification of a ll connectivity
nections, structural tee re lationships
single shear connections • All standard AISC and C ISC
and single-angle con- materials are supplied
nections welded to the • Over 40 software switches to
support. The books are allow the user to tune the sys-
available in both ASD and LRFD formats. tem to their needs
For more information, contact: Publications Dept., AISC, ne East Wac- • Direct interface to NC equip-
ker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601 (312) 670-2400 ext. 433. ment
• Hardware or Software can be
purchased separately
Haydon Bolts are traccilblc to ~teel Il"lclted and For more information call or write:
manufactured in the U.S., with
T he company manufactures an- each production run traceable to (1
chor bolts, sag rod,>, sag bolts, heat lot of steel. All bolts are certi-
U-bolts, and crane rail anchors.
KOPE-rNG , 3970 Broadway,
Suite 20lA, Bou ld r , 080302
Tel (303) 449-225 1
fied to meet A TM specifications. Fax (3031444-7656
Sizes range from W' to 4" diame- For I'nor(' informa tion, contact:
ters. In addition, Ilaydon has a SI. Louis Screw & Bolt Co., 6900 . All Authorized Arris Dealer
omplete line of A325, A490, and Broadway, SI. Louis, MO 63147 -r----
• ositive tension shear bolts. (314) 389-7500. I
For more information, contact:
Haydon Bolts, Adams Ave and
Unity St., Philadelphia, PA 19124
LOHR Structural rr lS FUN TO
(215) 537-8700. Fasteners, Inc. DESIGN STEEL
CONNECTIONS
Bristol Machine Co. L OHR'S domestic bolts are mill
certified, fully assembled and
tC'>ted , readily available and of the
USING

T he company offers a full range

of certified A325 and A490
bolts and a complete complement
highest quality. The firm produces
high-strength fa'>teners (A325 and
DESCON
A490), as well as tension control, AN EASY TO USE SOFTWARE PACKAGE
of tools for installation, including
hex head and 211 nuts. FOR YOUR PC
"tone" tools and the new TSW
For more inforrnation, contact:
60LC high speed, swivel head tool. 25 TYPES OF BEAM TO COlUMN
LOHR Structural Fa'>teners, In ., CONNECTIONS, BEAM SPLICES AND
For morc information, contact: 1'.0. Box 1387, I fumble, TX 77347
Bristol Machine 0.,630 E. Lmnbert (713) 821-3509. BEAM TO GIRDER CONNECTIONS
Road, Brea, A 92621 (714) 598- MOMENT CONNECTIONS
8601. SHEAR CONNECTIONS
NSS Industries BOLTED AND WELDED

.
p.-' .'~
St. Louis Screw &
Bolt Co. A meri an-made Rapid-Ten-
sion structural bolt~ from
NSS meet the highest industry
EXTENSIVE DATA BASE OF SHAPES.
MATERIAL PROPERnES AND
SPECIFICATION REOUIREMENTS
-,,,,'-::-'
Member
T
he company makes
a full range of strllc-
turai fasteners, inc I u d ing
standard,> and have the lot identifi-
cation starnped on ca h of them
tNCLUDED

FOR INFORMATION CALL OR WRITE TO:

for complete tra eability.
Types I and III A325 bolts and For more information, contact:
ASTM A307 bolts. In addition, St. OIlNITECH ASSOCIATES
55 Indu'>tries, 9075 enl'ral Dr., P.O. BOX 7511
Lo uis Screw & Bolt will manufac- Plymouth, MI48170 (313) 459-9500 BERKElEY. CA 101 707
~ re fasteners to a clistomcl1t indi- or (800) 221-5126.
41s-651-t321

~i d ua l specifications. All materials

L
 Advertisers' Index
A
AISC PriLe Bridge ompetition ...... .. ... ... .... .. ...... 47-48
R
RISA ....................... .. ...... ... .............. .. .... .. ...................... 17
•
Research Engineers ................ ..................................... 39
8
Bouras, icholas J. ........................................... Cover II S
Bristol Machine ........................... .......... ..... ....... ...........30 SI Louis Screw & Bolt ... ................ ...... ........................ 27
Steelcad ............... ..... .............. ....................................... 31
Steel Deck Institute ....... .............................................. 44
C Structural Analysis, Inc. ............................................. 17
AST ..................................................... ........... ............. 17 Structural Software Co ..... ............ ................................ 3
happaral ............................ ..................................... .. .. 23
omputers & Structures........................... ..... over IV
T
TradeARBED .. .............................................. .. ....... .... .... 5
D
De>ign Data .............................. .. ......... ......................... 22
Dogwood Technologies ................................. .. ........... 37 v
Valmont Industries ..................................................... 38
E
EJE Industries ..................................................... .......... 22
EPIC Metals ...................................................... Cover III

K
KOPE-Ing ..................................................................... .49 --------------~.
For advertising information, contact:
L Eric K. ieman
Lohr Fastener ................. ... ........................................... 36 Pattis/3M
7161 orth Cicero
N Lincolnwood, IL 60646
55 Ind ustries ........... ...................................... .. ..... .... .45 (708) 679-1 100
Nucor Fastener .. ..... ....... .... ............. ".... ".. .... .. ........... ..... 7 FAX (708) 679-5926
National Steel Construction onfer nce ............. 9-11

o
Omnit 'ch ...................................................................... 49
For advertising information in OK, NE, KS, SO, NO,
MN, CA, MT, WY, CO, NM, AZ, UT, 10, WA, OR, HI,
AK, and Canada, contact:

Ed Sreniawski
Pa ttis/3M
7161 orth Cicero
Lincoln wood, lL 60646
(708) 679-1100
FAX (708) 679-5926

50 I \1ndem Sled COII,trucllOn I April I WI

•
 SCHOOLS
CANOPIES
AIRPORTS
CONVENTION CENTERS
STADIUMS
INSTITUTIONS
AUDITORIUMS
CHURCHES
SWIMMING POOLS
PRISONS
THEATRES

•
• Provide structurol and ceiling
material all In one architectural
element
ECONOMY THROUGH SELECTION
• Provides long spans without • Roof Deck
mid-span fastening • Plated Deck
• Wide choice of depths and • Composite Deck
design thicknesses MINIMUM MAINTENANCE
• Ideally suited to any type FAST ERECTION
construction THE CHOICE IS YOURSI
• Presents a uniform ceiling with
FO R IN FOR MATI 0 N , C O N TA C T
no Irregular gaps

• • Design with our acoustical treat-

mentta achieve state-of-the-art
solutions to sound control
• Blend control-use acoustic and
non-acoustic panels together
Eleven Talbot Avenue. Rankin PA 15104
PHONE, 412/351 ·3913
FAX 412/351·2018