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Determination of Setting Time of Hydraulic Cement Hydraulic Cement

This document discusses methods for determining the setting time of hydraulic cement. The Gillmore needle test and Vicat needle test define initial and final set by measuring the time until a needle of a certain size and weight can or cannot penetrate a cement sample. The Vicat needle test is more common. The tests involve making a cement paste, inserting it into a mold, and periodically inserting a needle to check hardness over time. The initial set is when the needle can no longer penetrate 5-7mm, while final set is when the needle makes an impression but the attachment does not.

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Rizette Palogan
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82 views4 pages

Determination of Setting Time of Hydraulic Cement Hydraulic Cement

This document discusses methods for determining the setting time of hydraulic cement. The Gillmore needle test and Vicat needle test define initial and final set by measuring the time until a needle of a certain size and weight can or cannot penetrate a cement sample. The Vicat needle test is more common. The tests involve making a cement paste, inserting it into a mold, and periodically inserting a needle to check hardness over time. The initial set is when the needle can no longer penetrate 5-7mm, while final set is when the needle makes an impression but the attachment does not.

Uploaded by

Rizette Palogan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RIZETTE PALOGAN

BSCE – 2A

CHAPTER 5
DETERMINATION OF SETTING TIME OF
HYDRAULIC CEMENT

HYDRAULIC CEMENT IS A PRODUCT USED TO STOP WATER AND


LEAKS IN CONCRETE AND MASONRY STRUCTURES. IT IS A TYPE
OF CEMENT, SIMILAR TO MORTAR, THAT SETS EXTREMELY FAST AND
HARDENS AFTER IT HAS BEEN MIXED WITH WATER.

THE SETTING TIME OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT IS CAN BE DONE USING


TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEST WHICH ARE THE GILLMORE NEEDLE
TEST AND VICAT NEEDLE TEST. BOTH TEST DEFINE THE INITIAL AND
FINAL SET BASED ON THE TIME AT WHICH A NEEDLE OF A PATICULAR
SIZE AND WEIGHT EITHER PENETRATE CEMENT SAMPLE. THE VICAT
NEEDLE TEST IS MORE COMMON AND TENDS TO GIVE SHORTER TIMES
THAN THE GILLMORE NEEDLE TEST.

CONSISTENCY TEST OF CEMENT


A CONSISTENCY TEST IS USED TO FIND OUT THE AMOUNTOF WATER
TO BE ADDED TO THE CEMENT TO FORM A CEMENT PASTE WITH GREAT
WORKABILITY. THE STANDARD CONSISTENCY OF CEMENT ALLOWS
VICAT PLUNGER TO PENETRATE THE CEMENT PASTE TO A HEAIGHT OF
5 TO 7 mm FROM THE BOTTOM OF VICAT MOULD.

SETTING TIME OF CEMENT


INITIAL SETTING TIME – IT IS REGARDEED AS THE TIME ELAPSED
BETWEEN THE MOMENTS THAT THE WATER IS ADDED TO THE
CEMENT, TO THE TIME THAT THE PASTE STARTS LOSING ITS
PLASTICITY.

FINAL SETTING TIME – IS THE TIME ELAPSED BETWEEN THE


MOMENT THE WATER IS ADDED TO THE CEMENT, AND THE TIME
WHEN THE PASTE HAS COMPLETELY LOST ITS PLASTICITY.

APPARATUS
1. VICAT’S APPARATUS 5. GLASS PLATE
2. BALANCE 6. ENAMEL TRAY
3. MEASURING CYLINDER 7. TROWEL
4, STOP WATCH

TEST PROCEDURES

INITIAL PREPARATION
1. CONSISTENCY TEST TO BE DONE BEFORE STARTING THE TEST
PROCEDURE TO FIND OUT THE WATER REQUIRED TO GIVE THE
PASTE NORMAL CONSISTENCY P

2. TAKE 300 GRAMS OF CEMENT AND PREPARE A NEAT CEMENT


PASTE WITH 0.85P OF WATER BY WEIGHT OF CEMENT.

3. GAUGE TIME IS KEPT BETWEEN 3 TO 5 MINUTES. START THE STOP


WATCH AT THE INSTANT WHEN THE WATER IS ADDED TO THE
CEMENT. RECORD THIS TIME T1

4. FILL THE VICAT MOULD, RESTING ON A GLASS PLATE, WITH THE


CEMENT PASTE GAUGED AS ABOVE. FILL THE MOULD
COMPLETELY AND SMOOTH OFF THE SURFACE OF THE PASTE
MAKING IT LEVEL WITH THE TOP OF THE MOULD. THE CEMENT
BLOCK THUS PREPARED IS CALLED TEST BLOCK

TEST FOR INITIAL SETTING TIME


[Link] THE TEST BLOCK CONFINED IN THE MOULD AND RESTING
ON THE NON-POROUS PLATE, UNDER THE ROD BEARING THE
NEEDLE.

2. LOWER THE NEEDLE GENTLY UNTIL IT COMES IN CONTACT


WITH THE SURFACE OF TEST BLOCK AND QUICK RELEASE,
ALLOWING IT TO PENETRATE INTO THE TEST BLOCK.

3. IN THE BEGINNING THE NEEDLE COMPLETELY PIERCES THE TEST


BLOCK. REPEAT THIS PROCEDURE I.E. QUICKLY RELEASING THE
NEEDLE AFTER EVERY 2 MINUTES TILL THE NEEDLE FAILS TO
PIERCE THE BLOCK FOR ABOUT 5 MM MEASURED FROM THE
BOTTOM OF THE MOULD. NOTE THIS TIME T2
TEST FOR FINAL SETTING TIME
1. FOR DETERMINING THE FINAL SETTING TIME, REPLACE THE
NEEDLE OF THE VICAT’S APPARATUS BY THE NEEDLE WITH AN
ANNULAR ATTACHMENT.

2. THE CEMENT IS CONSIDERED FINALLY SET WHEN UPON APPLYING


THE FINAL SETTING NEEDLE GENTLY TO THE SURFACE OF THE
TEST BLOCK; THE NEEDLE MAKES AN IMPRESSION THEREON,
WHILE THE ATTACHMENT FAILS TO DO SO. RECORD THIS TIME
(T3).

3. THE TIME ELAPSED BETWEEN THE TIME WHEN THE WATER IS


ADDED AND THE TIME AT WHICH THE NEEDLE MAKES AN
IMPRESSION ON THE SURFACE OF THE TEST BLOCK SHALL BE
CONSIDERED AS FINAL SETTING TIME OF THE CEMENT SAMPLE.

CALCULATIONS
INITIAL SETTING TIME=
FINAL SETTING TIME=

WHERE:
 =TIME AT WHICH WATER IS
FIRST ADDED TO CEMENT
=TIME WHEN NEEDLE FAILS
TO PENETRATE 5 MM TO
7 MM FROM BOTTOM OF
THE MOULD
=TIME WHEN THE NEEDLE
MAKES AN IMPRESSION BUT
THE ATTACHMENT FAILS
TO DO SO.

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