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2548H FUEL QUANTITY TEST SET

USER INSTRUCTION MANUAL

M/N: 2548H, P/N: 101-00420

Doc. P/N: 56-101-00420

Revision B
February 3, 2009

____________________________________

BARFIELD, INC.

Corporate Headquarters

4101 Northwest 29th Street

Miami, Florida 33142

www.barfieldinc.com

Email: [email protected]
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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

CONTACT INFORMATION

Users are requested to notify the manufacturer of any discrepancy, omission, or error found in
this manual. Inquiries should include specific questions and reference the publication title,
number, chapter, page, figure, paragraph, and effective date.

Please send comments to:

TECHNICAL CUSTOMER SUPPORT - GSTE

BARFIELD, INC.
P.O. BOX 025367
MIAMI, FL 33102-5367
USA

Telephone (305) 894-5400

(800) 321-1039

Fax (305) 894-5401

Email [email protected]

56-101-00420 Rev. B Contact

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

ATTENTION

Although every effort has been made to provide the end user of this equipment with the most
current and accurate information, it may be necessary to revise this manual in the future. Please
be sure to complete and return the enclosed OWNER WARRANTY REGISTRATION CARD to
Barfield in order to validate the warranty and to ensure that you will receive updated information
when published. You MUST have your name and address on file at Barfield as a registered
user of this equipment, to be able to obtain the service covered by the warranty.

Visit the company website, http://barfieldinc.com/, for publication updates.

Please send the Registration Card to:

Barfield, Inc.
P.O. Box 025367
Miami, FL 33102-5367
USA

56-101-00420 Rev. B Attention

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

REVISION RECORD

REV. ECO # REV. DATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE

A N/A March 1, 2003 Initial Release. This manual supercedes

2548H-8005 Instruction manual and/or previously
released Instruction manuals for model 2548H.

B 260-00729 February 3, 2009 Updated Company Information and logo. Page

numbering and format were reformatted.

56-101-00420 Rev. B REV

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR INFORMATION

The manufacturer of this equipment does not recommend the user to attempt any maintenance
or repair. In case of malfunction, contact the manufacturer, to obtain the list of approved repair
facilities worldwide, ensuring that this equipment will be serviced using proper procedures and
certified instruments. A Return Maintenance Authorization (RMA) number will be assigned
during this call, to keep track of the shipment and the service.

BARFIELD PRODUCT SUPPORT

DIVISION Shipping Address:

Telephone (305) 894-5400 Barfield, Inc.

(800) 321-1039 4101 NW 29th Street
Miami, Florida 33142
Fax (305) 894-5401 USA

Mailing Address:

Barfield, Inc.
P.O. Box 025367
Miami, FL 33102-5367
USA

56-101-00420 Rev. B Maint.

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contact Information
Attention Page
Revision Record Page
Maintenance and Repair Information
Table of Contents
List of Figures

Page

INTRODUCTION

1. PUBLICATION BREAKDOWN ..............................................................................1

2. INFORMATION PROVIDED WITH THE UNIT......................................................1
3. RECERTIFICATION...............................................................................................3

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INFORMATION

1. PURPOSE ..............................................................................................................5
2. 2548H FRONT PANEL COMPONENTS...............................................................6

CHAPTER 2: SPECIFICATIONS AND CAPABILITIES

1. CAPABILITIES ................................................................................................. 9
2. SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................... 9
3. PHYSICAL DATA .......................................................................................... 10

CHAPTER 3: OPERATION

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ........................................................................... 11

2. PRELIMINARY .............................................................................................. 13
3. PRECAUTIONS............................................................................................. 14
4. SYSTEM INSULATION TEST ....................................................................... 14
5. INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT INSULATION TEST.............................................. 18
6. SYSTEM CAPACITANCE TEST ................................................................... 19
7. INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT CAPACITANCE TEST.......................................... 21
8. AMPLIFIER TEST/CALIBRATION ................................................................ 22
9. SYSTEM CALIBRATION............................................................................... 26

CHAPTER 3: RECEIVING, SHIPPING, STORAGE

1. RECEIVING................................................................................................... 33
2. SHIPPING ..................................................................................................... 33
3. STORAGE ..................................................................................................... 33

56-101-00420 Rev. B TOC

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LIST OF FIGURES

Page

Figure 1 Identification Label ................................................................................... 1

Figure 2 Owner Warranty Registration Card .......................................................... 2

Figure 3 Limited Warranty Statement Card............................................................ 2

Figure 4 2548H AC Fuel Quantity Test Set............................................................ 5

Figure 5 2548H Front Panel Components.............................................................. 6

Figure 6 Insulation Test, Configuration #1 ........................................................... 16

Figure 7 Insulation Test, Configuration #2 ........................................................... 16

Figure 8 Insulation Test, Configuration #3 ........................................................... 18

Figure 9 Insulation Test, Configuration #4 ........................................................... 18

Figure 10 Configuration of Capacitance Test......................................................... 19

Figure 11 Individual Tank Unit Capacitance Test, Configuration #1 ...................... 21

Figure 12 Individual Tank Unit Capacitance Test, Configuration #2 ...................... 21

Figure 13 Capacitance Simulation, Configuration #1 ............................................. 23

Figure 14 Capacitance Simulation, Configuration #2 ............................................. 23

Figure 15 Capacitance Simulation, Configuration #3 ............................................. 24

Figure 16 System Calibration (Method 1), Configuration #1 .................................. 27

Figure 17 System Calibration (Method 1), Configuration #2 .................................. 27

Figure 18 System Calibration (Method 1), Configuration #3 .................................. 28

56-101-00420 Rev. B LOF

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

INTRODUCTION

1. PUBLICATION BREAKDOWN

This instruction manual establishes the operation standards for the 2548H Fuel Quantity
Test Set

Its purpose is to provide sufficient information for the personnel unfamiliar with this unit to
understand this equipment, identify its parts, and operate it in accordance with proper
procedures, operating techniques, precautions and limitations.

2. INFORMATION PROVIDED WITH THE UNIT

Besides this User Instruction Manual, the 2548H Test Set is provided with the four items
described below.

A. An identification label similar to Figure 1 and located on the front bulkhead of the Test
Set, provides the following information:

Manufacturer Name
Designation of Equipment
Equipment Part Number
Equipment Model Number Equipment Serial Number
Equipment Modification (if applicable) Equipment Options (if applicable)

459-00024 rev. F

a Sabena technics company

FUEL QUANTITY T/S

P/N 101-00420
M/N 2548H S/N MADE IN
THE USA

M A B C D E F G H J K O A B C D E F
O P
D L M N O P Q R S T U T G H J K L M

Figure 1 IDENTIFICATION LABEL

56-101-00420 Rev. B Intro

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 1 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

B. The Owner's Warranty Registration card, (Figure 2), which is to be completed by the
owner and returned to the Barfield within ten (10) days of purchase to insure validation
of the warranty.

Figure 2 OWNER WARRANTY REGISTRATION CARD

C. The Limited Warranty Statement Card, (Figure 3), which lists the manufacturer's
obligation to the original purchaser.

Figure 3 LIMITED WARRANTY STATEMENT CARD

56-101-00420 Rev. B Intro

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

D. Each new or re-certified unit is delivered with a Certificate that shows the date when the
unit was tested by the manufacturer, its serial number, and when the next certification is
due. This certificate confirms that the unit performed according to its design
specifications.

3. RECERTIFICATION

The Test Set P/N 101-00420 has a one-year recertification requirement. Maintenance
required by this unit must be performed by qualified technicians in a shop equipped with the
necessary tooling and facilities.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Intro

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

CHAPTER 1: DESCRIPTION

1. PURPOSE

The Barfield 2548H Fuel Quantity Test Set (P/N 101-00420) is specifically designed to
satisfy the need to service guarded, capacitance-type aircraft fuel and oil quantity-measuring
systems. Accuracy and reliability have been optimized together with portability and
convenience. The accuracy of the Test Set (T/S) ensures that manufacturer’s measurement
and calibration requirements are met. The potentials and currents the T/S introduces are
limited to meet all safety precautions. The Test Set’s circuitry components also provide
current limiting in case of a catastrophic failure. Three measurements and two capacitance
simulator functions are provided through the function selector switch.

The standard lead package enclosed with the 2548H Test Set provides all accessories
necessary (except adapter cables) to adapt the adapter cable, aircraft or component to the
Test Set. Please refer to the Barfield Ground Test Equipment catalog for further
information.

Figure 4 2548H FUEL QUANTITY TEST SET

A. Adapter Cables

Each individual Aircraft Fuel Quantity System requires its own particular adapter cable(s)
and the specific instructions. Adapter Cable configurations and interfaces vary widely to
accommodate the variety of fuel systems. There is an extensive selection of adapter
cables manufactured by Barfield Inc. to be used with the 2548H Fuel Quantity Test Set.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 1

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 5 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Please contact the Barfield Ground Support Test Equipment Sales department or visit
the Barfield website at http://www.barfieldinc.com/ground.html for further information.

B. Carrying Case

The carrying case is made of drawn aluminum for maximum strength. The lid is fitted
with a bracket, which, when closed, contacts the ON/OFF switch if it was left in the ON
position, and moves it to the OFF position.

2. 2548H FRONT PANEL COMPONENTS

Note: Refer to Figure 5 for item number identification.

Figure 5 2548H PANEL COMPONENTS

(1) The PRESS TO MEASURE is a pushbutton, which when pressed, activates the bridge
VCC supply and switches the bridge for external use.
(2) The GND banana jack provides a connection to the Test Set’s case ground.
(3) The LO-Z is a polarized BNC receptacle for the LO-Z insulation leak tests.
(4) The HI-Z is a polarized BNC receptacle for the HI-Z insulation leak tests.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 1

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

(5) TEST FUNCTION is a rotary switch, which selects one (1) of five (5) test functions.
When the Test Set is placed in the CAP SIM 1 or CAP SIM 2 function, the meter may
be substituted for a DC meter-type fuel quantity indicator.
(6) INS TEST POINTS selector switch permits selection of one (1) of six (6) pairs of
different test points for insulation leak tests.
(6A) RANGE selects x1 or x.01 MΩ for display during insulation tests.
(7) The INDICATOR banana jacks are used for indicator input connections for 0-1100 µA
meter testing or substitution.
(8) METER ADJUST is a linear potentiometer, which controls the 0-1100 µA test current
or adjusts the megaohmmeter for infinity (∞), full scale setting. When the INDICATOR
switch is selected, this component provides an adjustable current through the panel
meter to the indicator jacks.
(9) The PANEL METER is a DC taut-band micro ammeter, which provides the 0-1100 µA
current scale, 0-5000 MΩ scale and battery condition scale. Its circuitry components
allow adjustments for all test functions from full scale to 1100 µA.
(10) The BATTERY COMPARTMENT contains the batteries or the optional AC power
supply. The four (4) 9V batteries are connected to provide a bipolar 18 VDC supply
that is controlled through the ON/OFF switch. The optional 115 VAC or 230 VAC
power supply assembly is interchangeable with the DC battery supply assembly. The
AC supply is short-circuit protected and warranted by the manufacturer.
(11) ON/OFF is a toggle switch that provides the output battery or AC power supply.
(12) BATT TEST is a pushbutton, which when pressed, connects the panel meter as a full-
scale meter 0-37.4 voltmeter across the battery supply. (The BATT OK measurement
line indicates 24.8V.)
(13) TANK CAP pF thumbwheel assembly selects the capacitance simulator value
between HI-Z COAX and LO-Z TANK jacks or bridge value.
(14) HI-Z COAX, a BNC receptacle, provides a HI-Z connection for the bridge and the
simulators.
(15) LO-Z TANK, a polarized BNC receptacle provides a LO-Z connection for the bridge
and the tank simulators.
(16) LO-Z COMP is a polarized BNC receptacle connection for the compensator simulator.
(17) COMP SIM pF is a 100’s-10’s thumbwheel assembly and a 0-10 pF variable for setting
compensator capacitance between HI-Z COAX and LO-Z COMP.
(18) The COMP CAL is a pushbutton which, when pressed, connects the compensator
simulator to the capacitance bridge.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 1

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

CHAPTER 2: CAPABILITIES AND SPECIFICATIONS

1. CAPABILITIES

When the 2548H Fuel Quantity T/S is connected through the appropriate adapter cables,
the following functions may be performed:

• Measure capacitance of individual or interconnected tank sensor probes or probe

simulators

• Measure the insulation resistance of system wiring, probes, or other discrete test points.

• Test the performance of indicators and signal conditioners or bridge amplifiers.

• Simulate capacitances representative of empty or full probes or systems, or the added

capacitance effect of the fuel between empty and full.

• Substitute the test set meter for DC meter-movement type gauges, and provides
adjustable metered current to test these gauges.

2. SPECIFICATIONS

INSULATION
Range: 0 to Infinity (∞) in two scales:
5 to 5000 MΩ
50 kΩ to 50 MΩ
Accuracy: ±5% of reading nominal, but not in excess of ±2% of scale length all
through range
Applied Voltage: 10 VDC nominal
Current 50 nA maximum
INDICATOR
Range: 0-1100 µA in 10 µA increments
Accuracy: ±1% of full scale
CAPACITANCE BRIDGE
Range: 0 to 999.9 pF in 0.1 pF increments
Accuracy: ± (0.1% of reading + 0.1 pF)
Signal: 400 Hz at 5.7 V RMS nominal

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 2

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

2. SPECIFICATIONS (continued)

CAPACITANCE SIMULATORS
Tank Range: 0 to 999.9 pF in 0.1 pF increments
Accuracy: Same as Capacitance Bridge
COMP Range: 10-400 pF continuously adjustable
Accuracy: Set with Capacitance Bridge
Maximum Input 75 V RMS, 220 V peak-to-peak (above 3 kHz, Tank Simulator limit
decreases proportionately to 10 V RMS at 25 kHz)

INPUT POWER
Batteries Four (4) Each, 9V Batteries
External Power 115V or 230V
50-400 Hz AC Optional

3. PHYSICAL DATA

In. Cm.
Height 5.3 13.5
Width 12.2 31.0
Depth 10.4 26.4

Lbs. Kg
Weight 7.0 3.2

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 2

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 10 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

CHAPTER 3: OPERATION

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

Fuel Quantity Indicating Systems provide the crew with an accurate display of the remaining
fuel. The quantity of fuel shows on the fuel quantity indicator(s) in the flight compartment.

The Fuel Quantity Indicating System includes the amplifier or signal conditioners (also
known as the amplifiers) and the probe(s)/transmitter(s) that are installed in each tank (also
knows as the Tank Unit). A Tank Unit is a capacitor. It consists of two (2) conductive tubes
separated by an air gap, or a combination of air and fuel. The Unit is connected to terminals
that are, in turn, connected to the amplifier. This unit measures the fuel mass or weight.
The volume or weight is determined by the dielectric constant of the insulating air or fuel, or
air/fuel mixture in the tank; then, fed to other units for refinement or amplification before
being displayed on the indicator.

Note: For more complete and detailed information on specific Fuel Quantity Systems, refer
to the appropriate Aircraft/System Maintenance Manuals.

A. Stray Capacitance Compensation

A certain amount of stray capacitances exists within the Test Set (T/S). This could be
caused by exposure of unshielded lead wire at connecting points or capacitance
between switch contacts and between any HI-Z to LO-Z conductors (which cannot be
effectively shielded from one another.

These stray capacitances change from one function to another due to the addition or
subtraction of circuitry and, due to the differences in the mechanical position of movable
contact switches. A mounted circuit on the meter PC board compensates these stray
capacitances. To ensure accurate results, adapter harness stray capacitances should
be subtracted from the measured values and calibration settings.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

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 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

B. Methods of Calibration

There are two (2) methods of Fuel Quantity System calibration:

• Method 1: Dry Tank (PREFERRED)

• Method 2: Wet Tank (ALTERNATE)

(1) Method 1 (Preferred)

The Dry Tank method of calibration is done without fuel in the tank(s) and with
the Tank Unit(s) dry. A capacitance value is substituted for an equivalent amount
of fuel (full) in the tanks. The indicator is then adjusted to display this full level of
fuel. (This method is more accurate since the indicator’s zero (0/) indication is set
to the actual empty tank value thus ensuring the integrity of the system’s empty
level.)

(2) Method 2 (Alternate)

The Wet Tank method of calibration is done with fuel in the tanks. The Tank Unit
is “electrically” removed from the Fuel Quantity Indicating System. Simulated
values for both EMPTY and FULL adjustments are made to the indicator. The
actual empty setting is questionable. Accuracy is sacrificed by using simulated
values.

However, if correct, current dry tank capacitance values are available for the
aircraft by serial number, these values should be used for the indicator EMPTY
adjustment. The user may than add the ADD FOR FULL value to the current dry
tank value to get the FULL adjustment value. (Refer to the Aircraft Maintenance
manual.)

Note: Method 2 should be used only as a TEMPORARY measure. Method 1

should then be done at a more suitable time.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 12 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

2. PRELIMINARY

The user should be familiar with the 2548H Fuel Quantity Test Set and its accessory lead
package. The tests and procedures performed are dictated by requirements of the
particular fuel quantity system. System components should be tested and their reliability
verified before attempting calibration. Refer to the aircraft and/or system manufacturer’s
maintenance manual for specific procedures and calibration values.

A. Battery Installation/Replacement

Before battery installation, test each battery individually to ensure each battery is at peak
load power.

(1) Remove the two (2) screws from the battery holder assembly.
(2) Lift, disconnect, and remove the battery holder assembly. (This aids installation.)
(3) Observe polarity. Install the batteries and ensure the contacts mate.
(4) Reconnect the battery plug.
(5) Replace the battery holder assembly. Secure with the two (2) screws.

B. Battery Test Procedure

(1) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to ON.

(2) Rotate the Test Set's TEST FUNCTION selector switch to CAP BRIDGE.
(3) Press the BATT TEST pushbutton. Ensure the meter pointer deflection is beyond
the BAT. OK radial line.

Note: Fresh batteries cause an 1100 measurement on the microamps scale. A reading
of 880 µA or greater ensures the best calibration. If the reading is not
acceptable, replace with fresh batteries that test at peak load power.

(4) Release the BATT TEST pushbutton.

C. AC Power Supply Installation/Removal (If applicable)

Caution: The 115 VAC 50-400 Hz or 230 VAC 50-400 Hz power supplies are meant
for extended use at bench level maintenance. Operation onboard the aircraft
may introduce unintended ground loops that could invalidate the test results.
For this reason and because the power supplies CANNOT be used in the
SIMULATION portion of the procedures due to grounding requirements, the
manufacturer DOES NOT recommend these power supplies be used
onboard the aircraft.

(1) Remove the two (2) screws from the Battery Holder Assembly.
(2) Lift, disconnect, and remove the Battery Holder Assembly.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 13 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

(3) Connect the connector from the power supply adapter (furnished with the power
supply) to the Test Set connector removed from the Battery Holder connector.
(4) Secure the adapter with the two (2) screws.
(5) Using the Power Supply:
(a) Connect the power supply's input to a properly rated power source.
(b) Connect the power supply's output to the AUX POWER receptacle in the
power supply's adapter.
(c) Set the Test Set's ON/OFF switch to ON.
(d) Rotate the Test Set's TEST FUNCTION selector switch to CAP BRIDGE.
(e) Press the BATT TEST pushbutton and insure meter pointer deflection is
beyond the BAT. OK radial line.
(f) Release the BATT TEST pushbutton.

3. PRECAUTIONS

A. Refer to the appropriate maintenance or systems manual for operating instructions on

specific aircraft systems and components and for proper defueling and fueling
procedures.

B. Observe all cautions and warnings.

C. For all insulation and capacitance measurements, connect the ground clip lead between
the T/S ground jack and airframe ground. Do not connect ground lead for capacitance
simulation or system calibration.

D. Turn off fuel quantity/refuel/defuel power while accessing or before a harness/cable or

connector is removed.

4. SYSTEM INSULATION TEST

See section 3. PRECAUTIONS.

Note: If the System Insulation Test does not produce the required results, perform steps
listed in the section 5. INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT INSULATION TEST.

A. Aircraft Preparation

(1) Defuel the aircraft.

Caution: Maintain power off until connections are made.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 14 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

(2) Open the appropriate circuit breakers.

(3) Access the appropriate amplifier.
(4) Disconnect and, if necessary, remove the amplifier.
(5) Ensure T/S power switch is set to OFF and the aircraft power to the fuel quantity
system disconnected.
(6) Turn aircraft power off when adapter harnesses are inserted or removed.
(7) Remove all aircraft signal sources to the tanks.

B. Test Set Configuration

(1) Verify that the Test Set battery is in working condition. (Refer to the Battery Test
Procedure, Chapter 3, paragraph 2.B)
(2) Set the TEST FUNCTION switch to INSULATION. Set the battery switch to ON.
(3) Turn the Test Set’s METER ADJUST to set the meter pointer to full-scale (∞).
(4) For insulation readings below 20 MΩ, set the RANGE switch to x.01.
(5) For insulation reading above 20 MΩ, set the RANGE switch to x1.
(6) Connect the ground lead from the T/S’s GND receptacle to a good airframe
ground.
(7) Rotate the Test Set’s INS TEST POINTS selector switch to GND/SH.

C. Aircraft Connection

(1) Connect the appropriate adapter cable or harness receptacle to the aircraft plug(s)
(Refer to Figure 6 or Figure 7, next page).
(2) From the aircraft end of the adapter cable, connect the HI-Z connector to the Test
Set’s HI-Z INSULATION receptacle and the LO-Z TANK connector to the Test
Set’s LO-Z INSULATION receptacle.

Note: Do not connect the plug(s) on the other end of the adapter cable or harness.

Note: Ensure that adapter cable connectors are not exposed to the airframe
ground. .

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 15 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Figure 6 INSULATION TEST, CONFIGURATION #1

Figure 7 INSULATION TEST, CONFIGURATION #2

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 16 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

D. Insulation Test Procedure

Note: When using the manufacturer's adapter cables, ensure that the adapter's
connectors and box are not exposed to the airframe ground. (The connectors,
box and shielding “float” from ground for tests. Touching or grounding could
cause incorrect readings.) Do not touch the connectors or box while performing
the test.

Note: In order to do the desired test, it may be necessary to set an aircraft tank selector
switch to a required position. Refer to the appropriate Maintenance Manual for
the proper procedure.

(1) Set the T/S’s ON/OFF switch to ON.

(2) Read the resistance measurement on the MEGOHMS scale of the test meter.
Verify that the resistance is no less than the resistance for the shield to aircraft
ground for the applicable aircraft.

Note: The meter pointer may drift slowly after initial movement due to capacitance
charging time or the presence of moisture. Allow the pointer to stabilize or
to reach the minimum acceptable scale value.

(3) Rotate the INS TEST POINTS selector to each of the remaining positions.
(4) If there are other HI-Z or LO-Z leads in the system, connect the panel receptacle to
the corresponding pair and repeat test.

Note: References to compensator leads are to be considered LO-Z leads.

(5) Reconfigure and repeat procedure for each corresponding pair.

(6) Access the other amplifiers.
(7) Reconfigure the aircraft and T/S.
(8) Repeat the System Insulation Test for each tank system until all tanks are tested.
(9) Set the T/S switch to OFF.
(10) Disconnect all test equipment
(11) Continue to section 6. SYSTEM CAPACITANCE TEST . However, if the system
insulation test does not produce the required results, perform steps listed in section
5. INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT INSULATION TEST.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 17 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

5. INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT INSULATION TEST

Caution: Empty and purge fuel tanks before performing the Tank Unit Insulation test.

Note: It may be necessary to set an aircraft tank selector switch to perform the desired
test. Refer to the appropriate Maintenance Manual for additional information.
(1) Configure the adapter cable and unit as shown in either Figure 8 or Figure 9.

Figure 8 INSULATION TEST, CONFIGURATION #3

Note: Adapter harnesses are available from this manufacturer for connecting to
certain aircraft equipped with probe system bulkhead connectors. The harness
has a switch for selecting each of the individual probes for insulation and
capacitance tests. It then connects directly to the test set receptacles for
resistance or capacitance testing as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9 INSULATION TEST, CONFIGURATION #4

(2) Set the T/S TEST POINT switch to LO-Z/HI-Z.

(3) Place the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to ON. (If the configuration used is in accordance
to Figure 9, also rotate the adapter’s Probe Selector switch to one of its positions.)
(4) Rotate the INS TEST POINTS selector switch to GND/SH.

56-101-00420 Rev. B Ch. 3

Feb / 03 / 09 Page 18 of 33
 2548H INSTRUCTION MANUAL

(5) Read the resistance on the MEGOHMS scale and verity that the resistance is not less
than the resistance referenced for a shield to ground for the applicable aircraft.
Note: The meter pointer may drift slowly after initial movement because of
capacitance charging time or presence of moisture. Allow the pointer to
stabilize or to reach minimum acceptable scale value.

(6) Rotate the INS TEST POINTS selector switch to each of the remaining positions.
Repeat step (5) for each switch position. (If configuration is in accordance with Figure
9, access the other bulkhead connectors and repeat the procedure to read resistance.)
(7) Turn T/S set OFF.

Note: Section 4. SYSTEM INSULATION TEST should be performed after an

individual insulation test and/or repair is done and before performing section 6.
SYSTEM CAPACITANCE TEST and/or system calibration.

6. SYSTEM CAPACITANCE TEST

Note: If the system capacitance does not produce the required results, perform the steps
listed in section 7. INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT CAPACITANCE TEST.

A. Test Set Configuration

(1) Rotate the Test Set's TEST FUNCTION selector switch to CAP BRIDGE.

B. Aircraft Connections

Note: In order to do the desired test, it may be necessary to set an aircraft tank selector
switch to a required position. Refer to the appropriate Maintenance Manual for
the proper procedure.

(1) Connect the adapter cable connector to the aircraft connector that has been
removed from the amplifier (refer to Figure 10).

Figure 10 CONFIGURATION OF CAPACITANCE TEST

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Caution: Do not connect the connectors from the opposite end of the adapter
cable.

(2) Connect the HI-Z COAX lead to the Test Set’s CAP BRIDGE HI-Z COAX
receptacle and the LO-Z TANK lead to the Test Set’s CAP BRIDGE LO-Z TANK
receptacle from the adapter cable.

Caution: Short unshielded LO-Z leads and the Test Set’s LO-Z COMP receptacle
to ground with shorting caps or ground leads.

Note: References to compensator leads mean LO-Z leads.

C. Capacitance Test Procedure

(1) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to ON.

(2) Push and hold the PRESS TO MEASURE pushbutton while setting the TANK CAP
pF thumbwheels for a meter null.

Note: If the nominal capacitance value is known, begin with the thumbwheels set
to this value. If the nominal value is not known, set all thumbwheels to zero
(0); then increase the left hand thumbwheel one digit at a time while the
meter decreases. When the meter increases, reduce the setting by one
digit. Repeat procedure for each thumbwheel, (moving to the right) until the
best null is achieved. If the last or more digits indicate zero (0), reduce the
previous digit by one (1) and search for a lower null.

(3) Verify a null of 100 µA or less.

Note: Failure of the Tank unit to adjust to null may be due to poor HI-Z shielding in
the aircraft. To troubleshoot, remove all 400 Hz power from the aircraft. If a
high null continues, there may be high resistance connections, poor
insulation, or a defective tank unit. A failure to null means a short circuit. A
very low capacitance reading at null means an open circuit.

(4) Release the PRESS TO MEASURE pushbutton.

(5) If there are additional HI-Z and/or LO-Z leads in the system configuration, repeat
the procedure for each corresponding pair.
(6) Reconfigure the aircraft and the Test Set. Repeat the SYSTEM CAPACITANCE
TEST for each tank system until all tanks are tested.
(7) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to OFF.
(8) Disconnect all test equipment.
(9) If necessary, perform the INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT CAPACITANCE TEST.
Otherwise, continue to section 8. AMPLIFIER TEST/CALIBRATION.

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7. INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT CAPACITANCE TEST

Note: The SYSTEM CAPACITANCE TEST should be done after an individual capacitance
test and/or repair but before doing the system calibration.

A. Bench Test Tank Units

Installed Tank Units may be measured through connections as shown in Figure 11, or
may be measured through bulkhead connectors using an adapter cable as shown in
Figure 12.

Note: The ground or shield connection of the Tank-Unit-Under-Test may be connected

to the Test Set’s GND receptacle. If the tank unit is a combination compensator
and tank unit, the unshielded tank or compensator connection that is not used
must also be connected to the Test Set’s GND receptacle.

Figure 11 INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT CAPACITANCE TEST, CONFIGURATION #1

Figure 12 INDIVIDUAL TANK UNIT CAPACITANCE TEST, CONFIGURATION #2

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B. Capacitance Test Procedure

Note: Refer to the appropriate maintenance manuals for individual tank unit locations
and capacitance values by part numbers.

(1) Set the TANK CAP pF thumbwheels to the value of the Tank-Unit-Under-Test. (If
configuration is in accordance with Figure 12, also rotate the adapter’s PROBE
SELECTOR switch to the position of the Tank-Unit-Under-Test.)
(2) Press the PRESS TO MEASURE pushbutton.
(3) Verify that the Test Set’s meter pointer is null within tolerance of the Tank-Unit-
Under-Test.

Note: Failure to null within tolerance means there is a defective tank unit, bad
connection or a poor pin contact. Make the necessary repairs and repeat
the test procedure.

(4) Release the PRESS TO MEASURE pushbutton.

(5) If there are additional tank unit electrical connectors or bulkhead connectors in the
system configuration, repeat the test procedure for each connector.
(6) If not, set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to OFF.

Note: A SYSTEM CAPACITANCE TEST (refer to section 5.) should be done after
an individual capacitance test and before continuing to the AMPLIFIER
TEST/CALIBRATION.

8. AMPLIFIER TEST/CALIBRATION

The amplifier may be bench tested and calibrated with the appropriate independent cable, or
with an adapter for the adapter cable used for aircraft test/calibration. The tank unit circuits are
not used in the amplifier test and are “electrically” removed from the system.

Some adapter cables have leads that are wired through and are present at each end of the
cable. In those cases, the circuits must be disconnected elsewhere in the system.

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Other adapter cables with configuration connections are:

● With multiple connectors at the aircraft end, one of which is wired without tank unit
circuits to the amplifier as shown in Figure 13.

Figure 13 CAPACITANCE SIMULATION, CONFIGURATION #1

● With split leads from each end of the cable that is fitted with color-coded BNC
connectors as shown in Figure 14. Connections are made with STRAIGHT or TEE
BNC adapters as shown in this procedure.

Figure 14 CAPACITANCE SIMULATION, CONFIGURATION #2

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● With connectors for substituting the indicator as shown in Figure 15. The cable
connections shown here are connected to the Test Set’s IND ± jacks.

Figure 15 CAPACITANCE SIMULATION, CONFIGURATION #3

A. Setting “EMPTY” Adjustment

(1) Identify the type of adapter cable to be used and connect the Test Set, adapter
cable, amplifier and the aircraft wiring as shown in Figures 13, 14, or 15
accordingly.
(2) Set the TEST FUNCTION switch to CAP BRIDGE.

Note: The Test Set’s COMPENSATOR SIMULATOR (COMP SIM) is used to

simulate a reference compensator capacitance. However, the COMP SIM
can also be used to simulate a Tank Unit circuit. If the COMP SIM is not
used, install the shorting cap on the Test Set’s COMP RECEPTACLE.

(3) Set TANK CAP pF by entering the EMPTY COMPENSATOR VALUE to be

simulated on the thumbwheel assembly.
(4) Set COMP SIM pF by entering the two left hand digits determined from step (3).
(5) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to ON.
(6) Press and hold the COMP CAL pushbutton in. while adjusting the COMP CAL 0-10.
for the lowest possible meter reading.
(7) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION switch to CAP SIM 1.

Note: The CAP SIM 2 setting is used with certain “ratiometric” systems.

(8) Connect the adapter cable’s HI-Z COAX, LO-Z TANK and LO-Z COMP leads to the
Test Set’s corresponding receptacles as shown in Figures 13, 14, or 15.

Note: If there is no COMP connector, the LO-Z COMP may be used for a LO-Z
TANK circuit.

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(9) Close the appropriate circuit breakers.

(10) Turn aircraft power to the fuel system ON.
(11) Adjust the amplifier E (EMPTY) adjustment to achieve a reading of ZERO or
EMPTY.

B. Setting “FULL” Adjustment

(1) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION switch to CAP BRIDGE.

(2) Set the TANK CAP pF by entering the FULL COMPENSATOR VALUE to be
simulated on the thumbwheel assembly.
(3) Set COMP SIM pF by entering the two left hand digits, obtained from step (2), on
the thumbwheel assembly.
(4) Press and hold the COMP CAL pushbutton. Adjust the COMP CAL 0-10 for the
lowest possible reading.
(5) Release the COMP CAL pushbutton.
(6) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION selector to CAP SIM 1.
(7) Adjust the amplifier F (FULL) adjustment to achieve an indicator reading of FULL or
a “specified amount”.

Note: Refer to the appropriate Maintenance Manual for capacitance values

between EMPTY, ZERO and FULL or a “specified value” for the system-
under-test to verify the indicator reading. Different TANK CAP pF values
may be set to represent other levels of fuel.

(8) Access the other fuel quantity amplifiers (if any) and repeat the adjustment
procedure to all that apply.
(9) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to OFF.
(10) Disconnect all test equipment.
(11) Continue to section 9. SYSTEM CALIBRATION.

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9. SYSTEM CALIBRATION

Caution: Before doing a system calibration, test and validate insulation, capacitance, and
all other components of the system.

Note: Refer to the operating instructions in the appropriate Maintenance or Systems

Manuals of specific aircraft/systems and/or components.

A. Calibration Procedure Setup: Method 1 – Dry Tank (Preferred)

Note: Some procedures specify empty adjustments be performed without adapter

cables, or other test equipment connected to the system.

(1) Setting “EMPTY” Adjustment - (Without adapter cables)

(a) Close the appropriate circuit breakers.

(b) If applicable to the system, select the appropriate tank.
(c) Do EMPTY adjustments for the corresponding system.

(2) Setting “EMPTY” Adjustment - (With adapter cables)

(a) Open appropriate circuit breakers.

(b) Disconnect the amplifier and (if necessary) remove it.
(c) Set up the test equipment.
(d) Refer to Figure 16, Figure 17 or Figure 18 and configure the amplifier and the
aircraft connector accordingly.
(e) If appropriate to the system configuration, select the correct tank.

Note: Do not connect the adapter cable to the test set at this time.

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● Figure 16 shows an adapter cable with multiple connectors at the aircraft

end. The Tank Unit circuits are wired in one branch to the connector
attached to the amplifier.

Figure 16 SYSTEM CALIBRATION (METHOD 1), CONFIGURATION #1

(MULTIPLE AIRCRAFT CONNECTORS)

● Figure 17 shows an adapter cable with split leads from each end of the
cable fitted with color-coded BNC connectors. (In this case, connections
are made with STRAIGHT or TEE BNC adapters.)

Figure 17 SYSTEM CALIBRATION (METHOD 1), CONFIGURATION #2

(SPLIT LEADS)

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● Figure 18 shows an adapter cable with BNC connectors to substitute the

amplifier. (The cable connections are made to the Test Set’s IND ±
jacks.)

Figure 18 SYSTEM CALIBRATION (METHOD 1), CONFIGURATION #3

(BNC CONNECTORS)

Note: Some procedures require adding extra capacitance to represent a wetted

compensator. Other procedures require that the sumps not be drained (leaving that
amount of fuel to keep the compensator wet, i.e. unusable fuel).

Note: The Test Set’s COMPENSATOR SIMULATOR (COMP SIM) is generally used to
simulate a reference compensator capacitance. However, the COMP SIM can also
be used to simulate a Tank Unit circuit. If the COMP SIM is not used, install the
shorting cap on the Test Set’s COMP RECEPTACLE.

B. Test Procedure (Method 1)

(1) Setting “EMPTY” Adjustment

(a) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION selector to CAP BRIDGE.

(b) Set the TANK CAP pF by entering the FULL COMPENSATOR VALUE to be
simulated on the thumbwheel assembly.
(c) Set the COMP SIM pF by entering the two left hand digits determined from
step (b).
(d) Close appropriate circuit breakers.
(e) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to ON.
(f) Press and hold the COMP CAL pushbutton while alternating adjusting the
COMP CAL 0-10 and D. F. controls for the minimum reading.

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(g) Release the COMP CAL pushbutton.

(h) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION selector to CAP SIM 1.

Note: The CAP SIM 2 selection is used with “ratiometric” systems.

(i) Connect the adapter cable and the Test Set’s COAX, TANK, and COMP
receptacles as specified for the system-under-test.
(j) Adjust the amplifier for E (EMPTY) adjustment to achieve a reading of
EMPTY, ZERO (0).

(2) Setting “FULL” Adjustment

(a) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION switch to CAP BRIDGE.

(b) Set TANK CAP pF by entering the ADD COMPENSATOR VALUE to be
simulated on the thumbwheel assembly.
(c) Set COMP SIM pF by entering the two left hand digits determined from step .
(d) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to ON.
(e) Press and hold the COMP CAL pushbutton while alternating adjusting the
COMP CAL 0-10 and D.F. controls for the lowest possible reading.
(f) Release the COMP CAL pushbutton.
(g) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION switch to CAP SIM 1.
Note: The CAP SIM 2 selection is used with “ratiometric” systems.
(h) Connect the adapter cable and the Test Set’s COAX, TANK, and COMP
receptacles as specified for the system-under-test.
(i) Adjust the amplifier F (FULL) adjustment to achieve a reading of FULL.
(j) Open the appropriate circuit breakers.
(k) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to OFF.
(l) Disconnect the test equipment.
(m) Return the aircraft to its original configuration.

C. Calibration Procedure: Method 2 – Wet Tank (Alternate)

Note: Method 2 should be used only as a TEMPORARY measure. Method 1 should

then be done at first opportunity.

(1) Setting “EMPTY” Adjustment (without adapter cable)

Note: Procedures often specify an empty adjustment be done without adapter

cable(s) or other test equipment connected to the system.

(a) Close appropriate circuit breakers.

(b) If applicable to the system, select the appropriate tank.

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(c) Set the EMPTY adjustment for the corresponding system.

(2) Setting “EMPTY” Adjustment (with adapter cable)

CAUTION Ensure Fuel Quantity/Refuel/Defuel power is off while accessing and

before any harness or cable or connector is removed. Maintain power
off while making connections.

(a) Open the appropriate circuit breakers.

(b) Access, and if necessary, remove the amplifier.
(c) Verify the Test Set’s battery condition. (Refer to Battery Test Procedure,
Chapter 3, Section 2.B.)
(d) Place the test equipment in a convenient location and configure the amplifier,
adapter cable, and the aircraft wiring as shown in Figures 16, 17 or 18
according to the system configuration.
(e) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION switch to CAP BRIDGE.
(f) Set TANK CAP pF by entering the EMPTY COMPENSATOR VALUE to be
simulated on the thumbwheel assembly.

Note: If the actual dry capacitance value for the particular aircraft serial
number is known, substitute that value for EMPTY.

(g) Set COMP SIM pF by entering the two left hand digits from step (f) on the
thumbwheel assembly.
(h) Close appropriate circuit breakers.
(i) Press and hold the COMP CAL pushbutton while alternating adjusting
COMP CAL 0-10 and D.F. controls for the lowest possible reading.
(j) Release the COMP CAL pushbutton.
(k) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION selector to CAP SIM 1.

Note: The CAP SIM 2 setting is used with certain ratiometric systems.

(l) Connect the adapter cable and the Test Set’s COAX, TANK and COMP
receptacles as specified for the system-under-test.
(m) Adjust the amplifier E (EMPTY) adjustment to achieve a reading of EMPTY,
ZERO (0).
(n) Set the Test Set’s On/OFF switch to OFF.
(o) If connected, disconnect the adapter cable and the Test Set’s COAX, TANK,
and COMP receptacles.

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(3) Setting “FULL” Adjustment

(a) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION selector to CAP BRIDGE.

(b) Set TANK CAP pF by entering the sum of ADD COMPENSATOR VALUE and
EMPTY VALUE on the thumbwheel assembly.
(c) Set COMP SIM pF by entering the two left hand digits determined in step (b)
on the thumbwheel assembly.
(d) Place the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to ON.
(e) Press and hold the COMP CAL pushbutton while alternating adjusting the
COMP CAL 0-10 and D.F. controls for the lowest possible reading.
(f) Release the COMP CAL pushbutton.
(g) Rotate the TEST FUNCTION selector to CAP SIM 1.

Note: The CAP SIM 2 setting is used with certain “ratiometric” systems.

(h) Connect the adapter cable and the Test Set’s CAPACITANCE COAX, TANK,
and COMP receptacles as specified for the system-under-test.
(i) Adjust the amplifier F (FULL) adjustment to achieve an indicated reading of
FULL as specified.
(j) Set the Test Set’s ON/OFF switch to OFF.
(k) Disconnect all test equipment.
(l) Return the aircraft to its original configuration.

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CHAPTER 4: RECEIVING, SHIPPING, AND STORAGE

1. RECEIVING

A. No special unpacking procedures are necessary. It is recommended that the factory-

shipping container and packing materials be retained should it become necessary to
reship the Test Set.

B. It is also recommended that the Test Set and its carrying case be carefully inspected for
damage. If damaged, immediately notify the carrier and the manufacturer.

2. SHIPPING

A. Use standard delicate electronic equipment packaging procedures when packing the
adapter for reshipment.

CAUTION: Do not pack any loose cables or other accessories inside the carrying case.

B. All accessories should be stored/packaged in separate containers. Do not place in the

carrying case.

C. Remove the batteries.

D. Insure all panel screws, panel components, and cover are securely fastened.

3. PROCEDURE

A. For prolonged storage, remove the batteries.

B. Place a four (4) ounce bag of desiccant inside the case.

C. Close and latch the cover.

D. Store in a cool, dry place.

Note: Should the Test Set become exposed to water or very high humidity, dry as soon as
possible. Remove the Test Set from its case and temporarily store it in a dehumidified
area.

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