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4K views10 pagesDELHI SULTANS Notes
The document provides information about the Delhi Sultanate period in India, including details about:
- The authors of historical texts at the time focused on rulers and cities, not ordinary people.
- The four stages of manuscript making included preparing paper, writing the text, highlighting in gold, and binding.
- Military commanders had to consider the interests of peasants to maintain the revenue cycle that supported the army and government.
- Raziyya became Sultan in 1236 but was removed in 1240 because, as a woman, she was not accepted as a ruler despite her talents.
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Ravi Shankar VCopyright
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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
4K views10 pagesDELHI SULTANS Notes
The document provides information about the Delhi Sultanate period in India, including details about:
- The authors of historical texts at the time focused on rulers and cities, not ordinary people.
- The four stages of manuscript making included preparing paper, writing the text, highlighting in gold, and binding.
- Military commanders had to consider the interests of peasants to maintain the revenue cycle that supported the army and government.
- Raziyya became Sultan in 1236 but was removed in 1240 because, as a woman, she was not accepted as a ruler despite her talents.
Uploaded by
Ravi Shankar VCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class 7 DELHI SULTANS
HISTORY
1. Do you think the authors of tawarikh would provide
information about the lives of ordinary men and women?
Ans: No. It is because the authors of tawarikh lived in cities
mainly Delhi.
• They were not in touch of village people.
• They often wrote their histories for Sultans in the hope of rich
rewards.
• They had nothing to do with common mass.
• Hence, it was obvious that the information provided by them
would lack ordinary men and women.
2. What were the four stages in the making of a manuscript?
Ans: The four stages in the making of a manuscript are:
• Preparing the paper
• Writing the text
• Melting gold to highlight important words and passages
• Preparing the binding.
3. According to the ‘circle of justice’ why was it important for
military commanders to keep the interests of the peasantry in
mind?
Ans: • A king cannot survive without soldiers.
• Soldiers cannot live without salaries.
• Salaries came from the revenue collected from peasants.
• Peasants paid revenue only when they were prosperous and
happy.
• This happens when the king promotes justice and honest
governance.
• Thus the relationship between kings & his subjects, just rule
& the revenue were in cyclic form.
4. Who was Raziyya? Why was she not accepted as a Sultan
inspite of being talented?
Ans: • Raziyya was the daughter of Sultan Iltutmish.
• She became Sultan in 1236. She was very talented.
• According to the chronicler, Minhaj-i-Siraj, she was more able
and qualified than all her brothers.
• But, she was not accepted as the ruler since women were
supposed to be subordinate to men in those days.
• Thus she was removed from the throne in 1240.
5. How did the expansion of Delhi Sultanate take place?
Ans: Expansion of Delhi Sultanate occurred during the reigns of
Ghiyasuddin Balban, Alauddin Khalji and Muhammad Tughluq.
The expansion took place along the internal and external
frontiers.
Internal Frontier
• Aimed at consolidating the hinterland of the garrison town.
• Forests were cleared in the Ganga-Yamuna doab.
• Hunter gatherers and Pastoralists were expelled from here.
• These lands were given to farmers for cultivation.
• New fortresses and towns were established to promote
trade.
External frontier
• The areas beyond the hinterland of the garrison towns were
occupied.
• Military expeditions into Southern India were done by
Alauddin Khilji and Muhammad Tughlaq.
• Sultanate armies captured elephants, horses and slaves and
carried away precious stones.
6. Define:
• Bangadan: Slaves purchased for military service by Delhi
Sultans.
• Iqta: Khiljis and Tughlaqs appointed military commanders as
governors of
• territories of varying sizes. These territories were called Iqtas.
• Muqti/ Iqtadar: The holder of Iqta was called Muqti/Iqtadar.
7. Why did the early Delhi Sultans favoured Bandagan?
Ans: Early Delhi Sultans favoured Bandagan or Special Slaves
because slaves were totally dependent upon their master, the
Sultan could trust and rely upon them.
8. What were the duties of Muqtis?
Ans: The duties of Muqtis were
• To lead military campaigns
• To maintain law and order in their Iqtas.
• Collect revenues from their Iqtas and a part of it was paid to
soldiers as salary.
9. What were the steps taken to ensure that muqtis performed
their duties?
Ans: The steps taken are given below:
• Accountants were appointed by the state to check the
amount of revenue collected by the muqtis.
• Care was taken that the muqtis collected only the taxes
prescribed by the state and not more than that.
• It was also taken care that he kept only the required number
of soldiers.
• Their office was not made hereditary.
• Their job was transferable. Hence they were assigned Iqtas
for a short period of time before being transferred.
10. .Name the three types of taxes collected during the
Sultanate period.
Ans: The various taxes collected during the Sultanate period
were
• Tax on cultivation called Kharaj - amounting to about 50% of
the peasant’s yield.
• Tax on cattle • Tax on houses.
11. Write a note on Sher shah Sur.
Ans: • Sher Shah Sur was a manager of a small territory in
Bihar.
• Later he defeated the Mughal emperor Humayun .
• He captured Delhi and established Suri dynasty.
• Though, he ruled from 1540-1555 (only fifteen years) his
administration was remarkable.
• His administration had the elements from Alauddin Khalji.
• Sher Shah’s administration model was followed by the great
emperor Akbar during his period.
12. How did Khilji and Tughluq deal with Mongol invasion?
Ans: During the reign of Alauddin Khilji and Muhammed
Tughluq, Mongols attacked Delhi frequently. Hence, they
mobilised a large standing army in Delhi. It posed a big
administrative challenge.
THE DELHI SULTANS – WORKSHEET
Fill in the blanks:
1. The first dynasty which made Delhi as their capital _________________________
2. The language of administration under the Delhi sultans ____________________
3. Dehliwal means _____________________________
4. Ibn Battuta was from ___________________________________ continent.
5. Privileges claimed on account of birth: ___________________________
6. An argument which supports men are superior to women. ___________________
7. A person who is under the protection of another. ____________________________
8. The following are the reforms made by a king. Identify the king. ______________
• The assessment & collection of land revenue were brought under the king’s control.
• The local chieftains lost the power of levying taxes but had to pay tax.
• Appointed old chieftains & landlords as revenue collectors & assessors.
9. If Kolkata is a port, which one of the following is a hinterland?
a) Ladakh b) Pakistan c) Madras d) Bihar
11.
