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Git - Environment Setup
Before you can use Git, you have to install and do some basic configuration changes. Below
are the steps to install Git client on Ubuntu and Centos Linux.
Installation of Git Client
If you are using Debian base GNU/Linux distribution, then apt-get command will do the
needful.
[ubuntu ~]$ sudo apt-get install git-core
[sudo] password for ubuntu:
[ubuntu ~]$ git --version
git version 1.8.1.2
And if you are using RPM based GNU/Linux distribution, then use yum command as given.
[CentOS ~]$
su -
Password:
[CentOS ~]# yum -y install git-core
[CentOS ~]# git --version
git version 1.7.1
Customize Git Environment
Git provides the git config tool, which allows you to set configuration variables. Git stores all
global configurations in .gitconfig file, which is located in your home directory. To set these
configuration values as global, add the --global option, and if you omit --global option, then
your configurations are specific for the current Git repository.
You can also set up system wide configuration. Git stores these values in the /etc/gitconfig
file, which contains the configuration for every user and repository on the system. To set
these values, you must have the root rights and use the --system option.
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Setting username
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This information is used by Git for each commit.
[jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global user.name "Jerry Mouse"
Setting email id
This information is used by Git for each commit.
[jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global user.email "[email protected]
Avoid merge commits for pulling
You pull the latest changes from a remote repository, and if these changes are divergent,
then by default Git creates merge commits. We can avoid this via following settings.
jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global branch.autosetuprebase always
Color highlighting
The following commands enable color highlighting for Git in the console.
[jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global color.ui true
[jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global color.status auto
[jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global color.branch auto
Setting default editor
By default, Git uses the system default editor, which is taken from the VISUAL or EDITOR
environment variable. We can configure a different one by using git config.
[jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global core.editor vim
Setting default merge tool
Git does not provide a default merge tool for integrating conflicting changes into your working
tree. We can set default merge tool by enabling following settings.
[jerry@CentOS project]$ git config --global merge.tool vimdiff
Listing Git settings
To verify your Git settings of the local repository, use git config –list command as given
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below.
[jerry@CentOS ~]$ git config --list
The above command will produce the following result.
user.name=Jerry Mouse
[email protected]
push.default=nothing
branch.autosetuprebase=always
color.ui=true
color.status=auto
color.branch=auto
core.editor=vim
merge.tool=vimdiff
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