POST TEST
UPPER GI BLEEDING
1. Hematochezia usually indicates lower GI bleeding but may result from which of
the following?
A. Bleeding from a source in the right colon
B. Ingestion of bismuth
C. Ingestion of supplemental iron
D. Upper GI bleeding with rapid transit of blood through the intestines
2. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding may be caused by all of the following conditions
EXCEPT:
A. gastritis
B. colitis
C. peptic ulcers
D. Mallory-Weiss tear (tears where the esophagus joins the stomach)
3. What is the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleed (UGIB)?
A. cancers
B. fistulas
C. Peptic Ulcers
D. esophagitis
4. Which of these listed is the medical term for vomiting of blood?
A. hematochezia
B. hematuria
C. hematemesis
D. hemoptysis
5. Apart from blood in the stool, which of the following may cause black, tarry
stools?
A. Diarrhea
B. Gall stones, resulting in obstruction to the flow of bile into the GI tract
C. Use of iron pills, Pepto-Bismol or blueberries
D. Use of beets and red food dyes
6. Which of these drugs can predispose to gastrointestinal bleeding?
A. ibuprofen
B. dulcolax
C. colace
D. milk of magnesia
7. Which of the following procedures can be done to determine the cause and
sometimes stop upper gastrointestinal bleed?
A. esophagogastroduodenoscopy
B. bronchoscopy
C. sigmoidoscopy
D. colonoscopy
8. The causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding are the following EXCEPT:
A. Stress
B. Alcohol
C. Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug(NSAID)
D. Fatty foods
9-10. What is the difference between duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer (2points)?
Answer:
Duodenal Ulcer
-occurs 2-3 hrs. after a meal; often awakened1-2AM (when gastric
secretion tends to be greatest) ingestion of food relieves pain
Gastric Ulcer
-occurs½to 1hr after a meal; rarely occurs at night; maybe relieve by
vomiting; ingestion of food does not help, sometimes increases pain
11. What is the primary purpose of GI tract?
Answer: The primary purpose of the gastrointestinal tract is to break food
down into nutrients, which can be absorbed into the body to provide energy.
12. It refers to the mechanical breakdown of food by chewing and chopping actions
of the teeth.
Answer: Mastication
13. It is a strong muscular organ, manipulates the food bolus to come in contact with
the teeth. It is also the sensing organ of the mouth for touch, temperature and taste
using its specialized sensors known as papillae.
A. Tongue
B. Mouth
C. Parotids
D. Submucosa
14. It is a large, irregular shaped glands located under the skin on the side of the
face. They secrete 25% of saliva
A. Tongue
B. Mouth
C. Parotids
D. Submucosa
15. It surrounds the Muscularis mucosa and consists of fat, fibrous connective tissue
and larger vessels and nerves.
A. Tongue
B. Mouth
C. Parotids
D. Submucosa
16. It is responsible for the intake of food.
A. Serosa/mesentery
B. Mouth
C. Parotids
D. Submucosa
17. It is a muscular tube of approximately 25cm in length and 2cm in diameter
A. Serosa/mesentery
B. Esophagus
C. Parotids
D. Submucosa
18-20. Give at least 3 functions of the stomach.
Answers:
1. The short-term storage of ingested food.
2. Mechanical breakdown of food by churning and mixing motions.
3. Chemical digestion of proteins by acids and enzymes.
4. Stomach acid kills bugs and germs.
5. Some absorption of substances such as alcohol.
