CHOKING
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CONTENTS
01 DEFINITION
02 CHOKING CAUSES
03 CHOKING SIGNS
04 CLASSIFICATION 05 APPROCHING
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DEFINITION
** In adults, a piece of food often is
vChoking occurs when an object obstruct in the the main cause ,but in young
throat or trachea, blocking the flow of air. children it’s often when they swallow
small objects.
vBecause choking cuts off oxygen to the brain we
should give first aid as quickly as possible.
vChoking is a common preventable cause of
cardiac arrest.
v The correct response for a choking person
depends on the degree of airway obstruction,
whether the person is responsive or not, and the
age of the person. 3
Complete Vs. partial Responsive Vs. unconsciousness Age
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CHOKING CAUSES
vMechanical causes
ü Not eating carefully (Adults)
ü Swallowing non-food objects ( Young children )
vAllergic reactions
Severe allergic reactions can cause swelling in the back of the mouth that can block airflow and cause a
choking sensation.
vMusculoskeletal causes
Weakness of the muscles of the mouth or throat can make swallowing less effective or less orderly,
leading to choking.
vInfectious causes
Rarely, an infection in the back of the throat can lead to swelling significant enough to block the airway,
leading to a choking sensation.
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Mechanical diphtheria
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CHOKING SIGNS
The universal sign for choking is hands clutched to the throat. If
the person doesn't give the signal, look for these indications:
üInability to talk
üDifficulty breathing or noisy breathing
üSqueaky sounds when trying to breathe
üCough, which may either be weak or forceful
üface, lips and nails turning blue or dusky
üSkin that is flushed, then turns pale or bluish in color
üLoss of consciousness
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CLASSIFICATION
Complete Obstruction Partial Obstruction
- Airway is completely blocked - This is where the airway is not
- unable to breath completely blocked.
- no air going in and out
- cyanotic . - The casualty is able to cough
- unable to cough. strongly enough to drive out the
- There may be very high pitched object on their own.
wheezing sounds OR no sound
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vAsk “Are you choking?” If he nods his head tell
APPROCHING him you are going to help.
v the patient can cough forcefully
Partial vStay with the person, try to keep them calm
Obstruction
vEncourage them to continue coughing .
vUse back blows and abdominal thrusts (Heimlich
manoeuvre) to attempt to remove obstruction
Complete
Obstruction vBegin CPR if the person becomes unresponsive
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v If failed ,Intubation (push into the right lung) 0
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conscious : 5*5
v1- cough ( cough )
v2- slap ( 5 back blow )
v3- squeeze (5 abdomen thrust)
v4- keep going
vunconscious : CPR
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vconscious :
v 1. Ask the patient to cough.
v 2. If they can’t, Bend the patient well forward at the waist and give up
to 5 sharp slaps between the shoulder blades (scapula) with the flat of your
hand.
v 3. If back slaps fail, try up to 5 abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) put your
arms around the patient’s trunk. Link your hands below the ribcage and pull
sharply upward and inwards.
4. continue alternating backslaps and abdominal thrusts (5x5)
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Cough 5 back slaps
5 Heimlich mauver Repeat
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ABDOMINAL THRUSTS
Abdominal Thrusts (Heimlich Manoeuvre) :
The Heimlich manoeuvre should only be used when a person is responsive and
older than one year of age ,
To properly perform the Heimlich manoeuvre, do the following:
üStand behind the responsive person. Wrap your arms around their waist under
their ribcage.
üPut the side of your fist above the person’s navel in the middle of their belly. Do
not press on the lower part of the sternum .
üWith your other hand, hold the first fist and press forcefully into the person’s
abdomen and up toward their chest .
üContinue performing these thrusts until the obstruction is relieved or until the
person becomes unresponsive.
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To perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich manoeuvre) on yourself:
üFirst, if you're alone and choking, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Then, although you'll be unable to effectively deliver back blows to yourself, you can still
perform abdominal thrusts to dislodge the item.
üPlace a fist slightly above your navel.
üGrasp your fist with the other hand and bend over a hard surface — a countertop or chair
will do.
üShove your fist inward and upward.
üOr Lean over and push your abdomen against
the back of a chair, table or other firm object.
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NOTES
vFor a responsive pregnant
victim, or any victim you
cannot get your arms around
(eg. Obese) give chest
thrusts.
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INFANTS
In a choking but responsive infant less than one-year-old, back blows and chest thrusts are used
instead of the Heimlich maneuver.
vHold the infant in your lap.
vPut the infant with their face down and their head lower than their chest; they should be resting on
your forearm; Put your forearm on your thigh.
vSupport the infant’s head and neck with your hand and be sure to avoid putting pressure on their
throat.
vUsing the heel of your free hand, deliver five back blows between the infant’s shoulder blades.
vUsing both hands and arms, turn the infant face up so they are now resting on your other arm; this
arm should now be resting on your thigh.
vMake sure the infant’s head is lower than their chest.
vUsing the fingers of your free hand, provide up to five quick downward chest thrusts over the lower
half of the breastbone. Perform one thrust every second.
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UNCONSCIOUS ADULT:
1. LAY THE PATIENT ON THE FLOOR ON THEIR BACK
2. LOOK FOR AN OBSTRUCTION, IF SEEN >> HOOKING ACTION (BY INDEX FINGER)
3. IF NOT >> HEAD-TILT CHIN-LIFT
4. ASSESS, IF NOT BREATHING >> VENTILATE
5. IF STILL >> CPR 30 COMPRESSION
6. LOOK IN THE MOUTH, IF YOU SEE AN OBJECT >> REMOVE IT
7. IF CANNOT >> CONTINUE CPR
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THANK YOU
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