Disaster

Preparedness
ROTC MS-2
 Instructors Profile
Military Experience
26-28 May 2014- Basic Urban Search and
Rescue and Road Accident Training
Course (USAR)
29 Aug – 06 February 2015- Reserve
Officers Military Orientation Training
(ROMOT)
16-31 March 2016 – PDT for PH-US
BALIKATAN
1-15 April 2016 – Balikatan Exercise
Observer, Controller Trainer (BALIKATAN
OCT)
WARFIGHTING RAPELING
26 August- 01 September 2017 – Pre
Deployment Training (PDT- ROTC)
21-23 September 2018 – Basic Incident
Command System Training Course (ICS)
20-26 April 2019 – ROTC Administration
Training (ROTCAT)
27 April -3 May 2019 – Reservist and
Retirees Affairs Administration Training
(RAAT)
08-14 May 2019 – Water Search and
Rescue Training (WASART)
JASON G SAGAYSAY 17-24 May 2019 – Disaster Response and
MAJ (INF) PA Rescue Operation Training (DRRO)
03-14 June 2019 – Drill Master Training BALIKATAN EXERCISE DISASTER RESPONSE
(DMT)
08-09 JULY 2019- Air To Ground Operation
Seminar (AGOS)
Class 01
Dress code
White round neck T-shirt and Maong long pants.

Rules
Create a quiet work place.
02 Microphone Device should be muted.
Questions will be entertained after class session.
Unnecessary use of devices, websites and other applications during
class session are prohibited.

No sit-in audience during

03 class session

No eating during class

04 session.
 REFERENCES

 IRR Republic Act 10121 (RA 10121)

 [Link]

 Disaster Management Handbook 2018

 [Link]

 [Link]

 Australian Emergency Manual

 [Link]
 Terminal Objectives
At the end of the lesson the students
should be able to gain knowledge on
disaster preparedness and rescue
operations.

Enabling Learning Objectives:

• Discuss the aim and function of disaster rescue,
group of rescue worker, personal traits, behavior of
the rescuer, rescue by stage, team composition and
rescue plan
• Explain the disaster response and rescue operations
and skills in disaster relief operations
• Identify the organization of a Rescue Team
 AIM AND EMENRGENCY ORGANIZATION
Scope of presentation FUNCTION OF
DISASTER
RESCUE
OPERATIONS
OF RESCUE
TEAM
RESCUE

- Groups of Rescue Different Rescue Security

workers Skills and rescuer
- Personal Traits of Techniques First Aider/Medical
Rescue Workers Service
- Behavior of
Rescuer
- Rescue by Stage
- Team
Composition
- Rescue Plans
AIM AND FUNCTION OF
DISASTER RESCUE
- Aim of Disaster Rescue
- Function of Disaster Rescue
- Groups of Rescue workers
- Personal Traits of Rescue Workers
- Behavior of Rescuer
- Team Composition
- Rescue Plans
- Rescue by Stage
 Disaster
Natural Disasters
1 are naturally occurring physical phenomena caused either by rapid or
slow onset events that have immediate impacts on human health and
secondary impacts causing further death and suffering

Man-made Disasters
2 are events that are caused by humans which occur in or close to human
settlements often caused as a results of Environmental or Technological
Emergencies.
Aim of Disaster Rescue
To save life and minimise further injury to
persons and damage to property in times
of disaster.
 Functions of
Disaster Response
(a) the provision of life saving support to trapped persons during the
course of rescue operations

(b) the saving of life by the rapid extrication of trapped persons;

(c) recovery of the dead;.

(d) the temporary support, repair or demolition of damaged structures to

minimise further damage or disruption; and
(e) provision of support on request to other services, authorities or
specialist teams.
 Group 1- Survivors

GROUP OF The immediate reaction of survivors in a disaster situation,

once they have discovered they are not seriously injured is
to help their neighbours and families. They usually do not
know what to do, but obviously it is a serious situation and
thus they feel they must do something.

RESCUE Group 2- Untrained

Personnel
WORKERS The second 'wave' of rescue workers is drawn from
people either witnessing the event or from the vicinity
An event requiring rescue operations will of the event, drawn to the site by curiosity and, for
many, a desire to assist the victims
usually create three categories of rescue
workers:
.
Group 3- Trained
Personnel
The last group to arrive at the scene are the trained
rescuers - Police, Fire, S.E.S., etc. It takes some
time for various emergency services to mobilise and
arrive at the scene.
 Personal Traits of
a Rescuer
Initiative Leadership Qualities

Control over Fears

Dependability

Physical Interest

Versatility
Co-operation
Training

Good Dress and Bearing

 Personal
Behavior of a rescuer
The conduct of individuals tells a lot about their psychological make-up or personality. The nature of rescue
work is such that it is particularly important that personal conduct does not aggravate matters, but rather
assists in creating a feeling that the situation is in competent hands and everything possible is being done to
rescue and care for the victims. A few of the more important general areas of conduct or behaviour are:

01 Attitude 02 Emotions
Emotions are hard to control in the best of
03 Courtesy

A serious, professional attitude must be maintained to gain circumstances. In a disaster the control of (c) - Courtesy, tact and good
confidence and [Link] and superiority create instant emotions is a very difficult task but every effort judgement are vital. If the rescue
antagonism. Loud talking, joking, and horseplay reduce credibility. must be made to prevent emotions from task is to be completed quickly
They create a feeling of resentment and disgust and add to the influencing good judgement and competence. and effectively, courtesy must be
confusion, thus hindering the work and adding to the state of Regardless of the excitement and the severity of given to all concerned.
anxiety of the victims. Rescuers cannot consider themselves the incident the rescuer must be able to remain
'professional' if they add to the confusion by loud shouting or frantic calm, and be sympathetic without becoming
gestures emotionally involved.
 Team Composition
Volunteers, of both the sex, above 18
years of age, with a minimum education
level to read and write in local language.

Physically and Psychologically sound It is essential that each safe shelter

volunteers male and female, having form a rescue group, comprising of 8
demonstrated ability, capacity and members,
willingness to work in an emergency, out of which a minimum of 2 members
could constitute a rescue team.. should be skilled persons. The
members
should be from the safe shelter,
community and from the periphery
villages.

Team leader: 1
Skilled persons: 2
Preference would be given to ex-
Members: 5 military or army personnel and artisans
from the
village or from the locality..
 PLAN

Rescue is a team effort that needs

coordination and planning amongst
the members
Man
for an optimum response operation.
After the assessment, the Rescue
team would be Equipment
in a position to adequately plan the
Rescue Operation based on the
following details
and specifications;
Methods
 Rescue By Stages
The principle of applying reconnaissance skills to each successive stage will operate throughout. Each
stage is so framed as to be generally applicable to any set of circumstances and to any rescue task
from start to finish. They are easily memorised by reference to the mnemonic CREST:

C learance of
surface casualties.
R escue of
lightly trapped.
E xploration of S elected debris T otal debris
likely survival points. removal. clearance
EMERGENCY RESCUE
OPERATIONS
Rescues with One Rescuer
- Human crutch
- Pick a Back
- Arm lift
- Fireman’s carry
More than Two Rescuers
- Two Rescuer Human Crutch
- Two Handed Seat
- Four Handed Seat
- The Fore and Aft Method
 Rescues with One Rescuer

Human Crutch. The rescuer acts as crutch to the injured. This

method is used when the casualty is in a position to help them. The
rescuer stands and assists the injured to place their arm around the
shoulder. The rescuer grasps it with the hand. At the same time, the
rescued place the other hand around the injured person „s waist and
assist the person to move. This is called “Human Crutch”.
 Rescues with One Rescuer

Pick-a-back
This method is applicable only when the casualty is conscious,
without any injury but not able to walk. The rescuer lifts the injured
person onto his/her back. The victim holds on with his legs and
arms around the waist and neck of the rescuer. The rescuer passes
both hands behind and back or under the knees and supports the
injured person. This is known as “Pick-a-Back” method.
 Rescues with One Rescuer

Arm Lift This is a method preferred to the pick-a-back in that the

casualty is much better supported. To prevent injury it is important
that the casualty's arms are turned inwards before lifting.
 Rescues with One Rescuer

A fireman's carry or fireman's lift is a technique allowing one

person to carry another person without assistance, by placing
the carried person across the shoulders of the carrier.
 Rescues with One
Rescuer

A fireman's carry or fireman's lift

is a technique allowing one
person to carry another person
without assistance, by placing the
carried person across the
shoulders of the carrier.
 Rescues with Two or
more Rescuer

Two Rescuer Human Crutch this method is similar to the one

rescuer human crutch, except that the casualty is supported
on both sides. The arms of the rescuers cross over on the
casualty's back and grasp the clothing on the opposite sides
of his body.
 Rescues with Two or
more Rescuer

Two Handed Seat- This is a simple method

of dealing with a casualty who has to be
carried. Rescuers kneel on either side of the
casualty, get him into a sitting position,
place one arm under his knees and link up
with the hand to wrist grip. Their free arms
are then crossed over the casualty's back,
where they get a firm grip on his clothing.
The leader should give the normal orders for
lifting and lowering.
 Rescues with Two or
more Rescuer
Three Handed Seat - This method gives the casualty
good support and is reasonably comfortable for the
rescuers. It has the added advantage that the two
rescuer team has a spare hand for steadying.

One rescuer grasps his left wrist with his right hand
and the second rescuer places his hand and wrist as
shown in Figure 5:33a. This forms a seat. If the
casualty is capable of standing for a short period he
can be loaded by placing the seat under his buttocks,
but if not, the rescuers' hands must be placed under
the casualty's knees first and then joined up. In either
case the result should be as in Figure
 Rescues with Two or
more Rescuer

Four Handed Seat - This is a method where each

rescuer grasps their left wrist and the hands are
joined up as in Figure 5:34a. This provides a
comfortable seat for the casualty and places a
minimum strain on the rescuers. However, as can be
seen in Figure 5:34b the casualty must be sufficiently
conscious to hold on.
 Rescues with Two or
more Rescuer
The Fore and Aft Method - This is perhaps the most suitable
way in which two rescuers can handle an unconscious casualty.
The casualty is prepared in the same way as for the removal down
stairs method ie, the wrists are tied together. The first rescuer
stoops at the rear of the casualty. Reaching under the casualty's
arms, the first rescuer grips the casualty's wrists. The second
rescuer stoops between the casualty's legs grasping them
underneath the knees. The standard lift orders are given and the
casualty is lifted to the carrying position (Figure 5:35a). Should
the casualty have a leg injury, the effects of this can be minimised
by the front rescuer crossing the casualty's legs over, then
carrying them to one side as in Figure 5:35b.
ORGANIZATION OF
RESCUE TEAM
The Incident Command System
Organization
- Command Staff
- General Staff
The Rescue Team
- Rescue Team Leader
- Security
- Rescuer
- First Aider/medical service
COMMAND STAFF

GENERAL STAFF
Team composition is determined by the various organizations within each State and Territory on the
basis of safe accomplishment of set tasks. Appoint a team leader, regardless of the team composition.
THANK YOU
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