1.

0 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS

(Building Projects)
1.1 Purpose This Instructions and Specifications aims to guide and establish the standards and facilitate the
preparation and construction of Buildings.

2.0 SITE WORK

2.1 Scope This section includes site clearing, earthwork, and site drainage and utilities construction of septic tank, in accordance with
the drawing and specification

2.2 Material 2.2 Selected Fill Material

Requirements .1
Selected fill materials shall consist of pit run gravel, disintegrated rock, sand or other similar materials.
2.2 Gravel Fill
.2
Gravel fill shall consist of hard durable particles or fragments of stones or gravel. Similar materials available in the area can
be used provided approved by the DAC or Municipal Engineer. It shall be clean and free from vegetable matters, lumps or
balls of clay and other deleterious material. Gravel bedding 100 mm (4”) in depth or as shown on the drawing shall be
placed, spread and compacted through tamping underneath footing, slabs, on fill and slabs on grade.

2.2 Base and Sub-base Course

.3
Aggregate sub-base shall consist of pit run gravel, talus rock, disintegrated granite, sand, shale cinders, coral, or other
similar materials, or additional filler for blending, selected under the direction of the engineer. The maximum dimension of
any particle shall not be greater than two-thirds of the required thickness of the layer in which it is to be placed. Over-sized
materials if present shall be removed at the pit by screens, or hand picking. If necessary, to obtain proper uniformity, mixing
shall blend additional filler.
2.2 Concrete for Site Work
.4
Concrete materials for site work shall be in accordance with Section 3, concrete, of these specifications. Cement shall be
proportioned as follows:

Description of Structure Compressive Strength

For Sidewalks, walkways, curb and gutter Splash blocks

catch basin, manholes, inlets Headwalls and benches ----- 17.2 Mpa (2500 psi)
at -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 days
-
1.) Septic tank, holding tank, and water Storage tank 20.7 Mpa (3000 psi)
at -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 days
-
2) For concrete pavement ---------------------------------------------- 24.1 Mpa (3500 psi)
- 28 days
at --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
Unless otherwise specified concrete for pavement shall have a flexural strength of not less than 3.8 Mpa (550 psi) when
tested by the third-point method of 4.5 Mpa (650 psi) when tested by the mid-point method; or a compressive strength of
24.1 Mpa (3500 psi) when tested at fourteen days in accordance with AASHTO T97, T177 or T22; respectively.

2.3 Construction 2.3 Earthwork

Requirements .1
1. Site Demolition

All superficial obstructions shall be demolished and removed from the site to disposal areas approved and
agreed by the community.

2. Cleaning and grubbing

a. Cleaning

Page 1 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 All areas within which the structure or related construction has to be accomplished shall be completely cleared of
matted roots, trees brush, snags, vegetation, rubbish, spoils, and other objectionable matters. Al combustible
materials from clearing operation shall be completely burned or removed from the site of work or otherwise
disposal off as directed by the BSPMC. All materials to be burned shall be piled neatly and when in suitable
condition shall be burned completely. Piling for burning shall be done in such a manner and location as to cause
least fire risk. All burning shall be so thorough tat the cleared materials can be reduced to ashes. The
Contractor shall at all times take special precautions to prevent fire from spreading and shall have available at all
times, suitable equipment and supplies, for use in preventing and fighting fires.

b. Grubbing

Grubbing shall consist of the removal of tree slums, brush and rubbish from the work areas to be occupied by
permanent structures, and from other areas within the indicated clearing limits as directed by the Consultant.
Trees and shrubs to be retained shall be protected properly from damage. Slumps shall be removed entirely.
Roots and matted roots shall be grubbed and cut to at least 40 mm below the existing surface.

3. Structural Excavation

All excavation shall be performed to the excavation lines, grades, and slopes and profiles shown in the drawings
or as directed by the BSPMC through the Project Implementation Team (PIT) with the assistance of the DAC and
Municipal Engineer. All excavation shall be performed in the dry condition, unless as otherwise approved.

a. Excavation for Structures and Trenches

Excavations carried out below the depth indicated on the drawing without the approval of the PIT shall be refilled
to the proper grade with thoroughly compacted suitable fill materials to the satisfaction of the BSPMC except for
footing excavation where concrete shall be replaced to the bottom of the excavations; additional work of this
nature shall be at the LCC’s expense. Where an existing structure lies adjacent to excavation line, adequate
shoring and bracing shall be provided to prevent damage to persons and properties. Shoring, bracing, and
sheeting shall be removed in a manner to prevent caving-in. The grading in the vicinity of excavated areas shall
be done to prevent surface water from running into excavation and embankments. Water pumped from
excavations shall be diverted to suitable disposal points. Trenches for pipelines shall be excavated along
straight lines and provided with minimum of 150 mm space between the outside of the pipe and the side of the
trench or bracing. Additional excavation shall be made for each joint to allow for joining.

Trench excavation, other than rock, shall be excavated at least 50 mm above final invert grade; the remainder of
the excavation shall be shaped manually, and graded to provide uniform bearing when the pipe is laid. Unless
otherwise indicated, backfill cover over water, sewer, drainage, and electrical conduit pipes shall not be less than
300-mm depth.

b. Excavation Under Pavement and Concrete Slabs

The Entire area of the original ground under pavements and concrete slabs shall be excavated to remove all
objectionable matter, sod, muck, rubbish and other unsuitable material to a minimum depth of 300 mm.

4. Filling and Backfilling

Fill and backfill material shall consist of suitable materials from excavation or from approved borrow areas, and
shall be free from roots, wood scraps, vegetation’s, and other extraneous materials and from large clods of earth
or stones greater than 100 mm. No fill material shall be placed until the surface to be filled has been approved.

a. Filling and Backfilling for Structures and Trenches

Backfilling around structures shall be placed as the construction work progress, insofar as practicable.
Backfilling of trenches shall progress as rapidly as construction and testing will permit. In backfilling pipe
trenches, approved backfill shall be compacted in 200 mm layers to a depth of 150 mm over the pipe and the
remainder of the trench depth shall be backfilled and compared in 300 mm layers; For trenches under road
pavements and concrete floor slabs, the backfill shall be placed and compacted in 200 mm layers to the top of
the trench.

b. Embankment Construction

Before placing fill material, the surface upon which it will be placed shall be scarified to insure good bonding
between the existing surface and the fill material. Where embankment are to be constructed on sloping ground
with slopes steeper than 1 vertical to 4 horizontal, the new fill shall be cut into or benched as the embankment is
brought up in layers in such a manner that the embankment materials will bond with the existing surface. The
size of each bench shall e subject to approval and shall depend on the equipment to be used.

5. Equipment
Page 2 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 Equipment used in the performance of the work shall be subject to approval of the BSPMC. The quality of
compaction equipment shall be adequate to assure thorough uniform compaction as rapidly as materials is
placed. In all areas not accessible to rollers or compactors, the fill shall be compacted with mechanical hand
tampers.

6. Compaction

In fill areas, the top 200 mm shall be compacted to a density of at least 95 percent of maximum density and the
remaining depth of fill to not less than 90 percent of maximum density; except that under ramps, pavements, and
concrete floor slabs, compaction shall not be less than 95 percent of maximum density for the entire depth of fill.
Unless otherwise indicated, where the existing sub grade in cuts have a density of less than 95 percent, all
materials to a depth of 150 mm or to such greater depth as maybe specified, shall be compacted to not less than
95 percent of the maximum maybe specified, shall be compacted to not less than 95 percent of the maximum
density.
7. Grading

Existing grades which shall remain and which be disturbed during construction shall be graded to original
condition or as directed by the Tolerances in final grading in unpaved areas shall not exceed 30 mm above or
below the grades indicated. Finish grading shall be accomplished to readily drain water into natural drainage
facilities or adjacent natural drainage areas, without the formation of pockets in which water will stand.

8. Disposal of Surplus Excavated Materials

Any surplus material from excavation and grading operations shall be disposed and spread in spoil areas
designated by the BSPMC except for the materials classed as rubbish and debris, which shall be disposed in
dumps and in burning areas. Excavated material deposited in the spoil areas shall be graded to a reasonably
uniform surface.

2.3 Base and Sub-base course Preparation

.2
The work includes the preparation of base course composed of gravel, crushed gravel or crushed stone,
constructed on prepared sub grade or selected course in accordance with the plans and specifications. The
base and sub-base material shall be placed as a uniform mixture in quantity to provide the required compacted
thickness. Where the required thickness is more than 150 mm, the material shall be spread and compacted in
low or more layers of approximately equal thickness and the maximum compacted thickness of any one layer
shall not exceed 150 mm. Compaction of each layer shall be continued until field density of at least 100 percent
of the maximum dry density determined.
2.3 Septic Tank
.5
Septic tanks should be constructed in accordance with the size and dimension shown on the detailed plans.
Septic tank shall be constructed with two chambers; the primary sedimentation chamber, which serves as a
digestion chamber and the final sedimentation chamber which receives the overflow water from the digestion
chamber. The effluent from the final sedimentation chamber shall be discharged, whenever practicable, to the
surface wastewater infiltration system. In some cases/or as shown on the drawings, the final sedimentation
chamber will be designated as leaching chamber i.e., with open bottoms/flooring with gravel for leaching.

2.3 Soil Poisoning

.6
1. Description

As maybe required in the area due to presence of termite, this item shall be applied. It shall consist of applying
termite control chemicals, including the use of equipment and tools in performing such operations in accordance
with this Specification.

2. Material Requirements

Termite control chemicals or toxicants shall be able to immediately exterminate termites or create barriers to
discourage entry of subterranean termites into the building areas.
3. Application

As provided in the procedure.

3.0 CONCRETE

3.1 Scope of Work The work includes construction of concrete structures complete in accordance with the standard specifications and in
conformity with the lines, grades, thickness and typical cross-section shown on the plan.

3.2 Material 3.3 General

Page 3 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 Requirement .1
Concrete shall be composed of Portland cement; fine and coarse aggregates, water and admixture as specified all
thoroughly mixed and brought to the proper consistency, uniformity and temperature for final placement. As approved by the
engineer supervising the subproject and should conform to the Standards, Measuring BOXES and Mixing BOARDS shall be
prepared for this Item.

3.3 Cement
.2
Concrete shall be Portland cement of a brand approved by the Project Manager and conforming to ASTM Specification
C150, Type I of Type II.

3.3 Water
.3
Water shall be clean and free from injurious amounts of oils, acids, alkalis, salts, organic materials, or other substances that
may be deleterious to concrete or steel.

3.3 Fine Aggregates

.4
Fine aggregates shall consist of natural sand, manufactured (crushed) sand, or a combination thereof. If the fine aggregate
shall be a combination of separately processed sizes, or if batching shall result in a combination of natural and manufactured
sand, the different components shall be batched separately.

Fine aggregates shall consist of hard, tough, durable, uncoated particles. The specified percentages of fines in the sand
may be obtained either by the processing of natural sand or by the production of suitably graded manufactured sand. The
shape of particles shall be generally rounded or cubical and reasonably free from flat or elongated pieces. The use of beach
sand shall be prohibited. The line aggregate shall conform to the following specific requirements:

3.3 Coarse Aggregate

.5
Coarse aggregate shall consist of washed gravel, crushed stone or rock, or a combination thereof conforming to ASTM C33
or as approved by the engineer in-charge. The coarse aggregate, as delivered, shall have uniform and stable moisture
content. The approval of deposits shall not be construed as constituting the approval of all materials taken from the
deposits. Coarse aggregate shall consist of hard, tough, durable, clean and uncoated particles. All foreign materials and
dust shall be removed by adequate, shall be generally rounded or cubical, and the coarse aggregate shall be reasonably
free from flat and elongated particles. A thin, flat and elongated particle can be defined as a particle having a maximum
dimension greater than five times the minimum dimension. The coarse aggregate shall be graded from fine too coarse.

Use 19-mm (3/4”) coarse aggregate for slab on grade, columns, beams, suspended slabs, and tie beams

Use 38 mm (1 ½”) coarse for footings

3.3 Reinforcing Steel

.6
Reinforcing steel shall be locally manufactured, deformed billet steel bars conforming to Philippine Standard, Grade 275,
Intermediate Grade (40,000 psi).
3.3 Forms
.7
Concrete form shall be wood, plywood, steel or other suitable materials. Form surfaces requiring standard or special finish
shall be plywood or a non-absorptive hand pressed fiberboard or other suitable materials. Plywood shall not be less than 12
mm thick and shall be free from irregularities, dents and sags. Forms shall be coated with nonstaining form coating
compound such as form oil of the approved make.

3.3 Storage Materials

.8
1. Cement

Cement in bags shall be stored in a suitable weatherproof structure as airtight as practicable. Floors shall be
elevated above the ground, sufficient to prevent the absorption of moisture. Bags shall be stocked close together
to reduce circulation of air but shall not be stocked against outside walls. The manner of storage shall permit
easy access for inspection and identification of each shipment.

2. Aggregates
Aggregates shall be stored in such a manner as to avoid the inclusion of foreign materials. Aggregates of
different sizes shall be stored in separate piles. Stockpiles of coarse aggregate shall be built in horizontal layers
not exceeding 1200 mm in depth to avoid segregation. Should the coarse aggregate become segregated, it shall
be remixed to conform to the grading requirements here on before. Sufficient stockpiles shall be maintained at
all times to permit continuous placement of concrete at the rate specified.
Page 4 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 3. Reinforcing Steel

Reinforcing steel shall be stored in a manner to avoid excessive rusting or being coated with grease, oil dirt and
other objectionable materials.

3.4 Construction 3.4 Concrete Proportion

Requirements .1
The proportion of all materials in concrete shall subject to the approval of the DAC/ME. Proportions in accordance with a
class A mixing ratio ([Link]) – 1 part of concrete; 2-parts of sand; and, 3-parts of gravel. Strength requirements for class A
mixing proportion shall be 20.7 MPa (3000 psi) for footing, columns, beams, slabs and stairs, lavatory counter, wash basin;
class B shall be 17.2 MPa (2500 psi) for ramp, slab on grade, water meter box; and 13.8 MPa (2000 psi) for lean concrete or
as required by the Engineer in-charge.

If, at any time during construction, the concrete resulting from the approved mix design proves to be unsatisfactory for any
reason such as too much water, lack of sufficient plasticity to prevent segregation, honeycomb, etc., or insufficient strength,
the PIT/Foreman shall notify the DAC/ME for guidance.

3.4 Concrete Samples and Testing

.2
Sampling and testing of concrete shall be done for slab-type roof building subproject. Throughout the period that the
concrete is being poured into the forms and while spading operation are being done, sets of test samples in cylinder shall be
taken from fresh concrete from the forms.

The tests shall be made for footings and columns as follows:

1. Compression Tests

At least two (2) samples concrete cylinder specimen per set shall be made. Fresh concrete shall be placed
inside standard 150 x 300 mm cylindrical mould in three (3) separate equal layers and rodded separately with 25
strokes with a 16 mm diameter. Surface shall be leveled with trowel and samples are to be labeled to identify the
class, strength of concrete, date taken and part of structure samples are taken. The samples shall be cured.

One sample shall be tested at the age of seven (7) days, and one set at the age of twenty eight (28) days, in
accordance with ASTM C39. Additional cylinder samples may be molded in reserve for further tests, if the
results of the twenty-eight (28) – day – test do not meet the requirements.

2. Test Reports

The testing laboratory shall submit four (4) copies of its test cylinder which are to include as far as applicable, the
following items: Location of pour in the structure, concrete design mix number, concrete design strength, type
and manufacturer of cement, amount of any admixture used, slump tests, date of sampling, cylinder application
number, days cured in the field, days cured in the laboratory, age at time of testing, crushing stress, type of
failure, who made the samples, who shipped the samples to the laboratory and whether concrete strength meets
the specifications.

3.4 Mixing Concrete

.3
Mixing shall be thoroughly mixed in an approved size and type to insure a uniform distribution of the materials throughout the
mass.

1. Site Mixed Concrete

All structural concrete shall be machine-mixed for at least 1 ½ minutes after all materials including water in the
mixing drum. The time elapse between the introduction of the mixing water to the cement and aggregate and
placing of the concrete in final position shall not exceed 45 minutes. Placing of materials in the mixer shall be
done in such a way that the first batch of concrete materials in the mixer shall contain sufficient excess of
cement, sand and water to coat the inside of the drum without reducing the cement content of the mix to be
discharged. The retempering of concrete, placing additional cement, aggregate or water during mixing period
shall not be permitted.

Hand mixing shall be allowed in case of emergency of breakdown of concrete mixer during pouring operations or
when concrete mixer is not available (e.g. island/far flung communities). Hand mixed concrete should be
supervised the engineer or foreman as may be instructed by the DAC/ME.

2. Ready-Mixed Concrete (if available)

Ready-mixed concrete, when shall be batched, mixed, and delivered in strict compliance with the requirements
set forth in ASTM C94

Page 5 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 The rate of delivery of the mixed concrete shall be such that the interval between placing of successive batches
shall not exceed thirty (30) minutes. The elapsed time between the introduction of mixing water to the cement
and aggregate, and completion of discharge shall not exceed one (1) hour, or not more than 1 ½ hours if a
retarder is used. It should be kept constantly agitated during the transit period. Delivery tickets shall contain
data on the weight of sand, gravel and amount of cement and water added. The PIT shall keep legible copies
available for file and reference.

Retempering of concrete shall not be permitted. Concrete volume needed shall be mixed only quantities
required for immediate use and mixture, which has developed setting, shall not be used. Concrete, which has
partially hardened, shall not be retempered.

3.4 Concrete Placing

.4
Concrete shall be placed only after all formworks, materials to be embedded, and preparation of surface involved in the
placing have been inspected and approved by the DAC/ME. The Foreman/DAC/ME shall employ methods that will minimize
separation of aggregates from the concrete mix.

Water shall be removed from excavation before concrete is deposited. Flow of water shall be diverted through proper side
drains to a pump, or be removed by other approved methods to avoid washing over freshly deposited concrete. Hardened
concrete, debris and foreign materials shall be removed from the interior of forms and from inner surfaces of mixing and
conveying equipment. Runaways shall not be provided for wheeled concrete-handling equipment’s, such equipments shall
not be wheeled over reinforcement nor shall runaways be supported by reinforcements.

Concrete shall be handled to the place of final deposit as rapidly as practicable methods, which shall prevent the
segregation or loss of the ingredients. It shall be deposited in the forms in approximately horizontal layers and as nearly as
practicable in its final position to avoid rehandling.

Conveying or handling of concrete by the use of long inclined chutes or pipes of more than three (3) meters shall not be
permitted. Dumping of concrete into buggies, buckets or wheelbarrows with a free fall of more than one (1) meter shall not
be permitted. When placing operations would involve dropping concrete more than 1 ½ meters, it shall be deposited through
a sheet metal or other approved conveyor. As for practicability, the conveyor shall be kept full of concrete during placing
and their lower ends shall be kept buried in the newly placed concrete. After the initial set of concrete, the forms shall not be
jarred and no strain shall be placed on the ends of the reinforcing bar, which are being projected.

Concrete in columns shall be placed in one continuous operation. Concrete in girders, beam and slabs in superstructures
shall be poured in a monolithic and continuous manner. No construction joint shall be allowed on any part of the structure
without the approval of the ME/DAC.

Consolidate each layer of concrete greater than 4 inches in depth with high frequency, interval, and mechanical vibrating
equipment (if available) supplemented by hand spading and tamping. Consolidate concrete slab 4 inches or less in depth by
wood tampers, spading, and settling with a heavy leveling straight edge.

3.4 Protection and Curing

.5
1. General

Concrete surfaces exposed to conditions causing premature drying shall be protected as soon as possible with
canvas, straw, burlap, sand or other satisfactory materials and kept moist; or if the surfaces are not covered they
shall be kept moist by flushing or sprinkling, as directed by the engineer. All concrete shall be moist cured for a
period of not less than seven (7) consecutive days after placing by an approved method or combination of
methods applicable to local conditions.

2. Moist Cutting

The surface of the concrete shall be kept continuously wet water for a period of seven (7) days, by spraying or by
covering with burlap or other approved material thoroughly saturated with water and keeping the covering wet by
spraying or intermittent hosing. Water for curing shall be generally lean and free from any element, which might
cause objectionable staining or discoloration of the concrete.

3.4 Repairs to Concrete

.6
All imperfections on concrete surfaces are corrected to produce concrete surfaces that conform to the requirements of this
section. Unless otherwise approved by the DAC/ME, patching with cement mortar shall repair imperfections on formed
surfaces. Cement mortar for patching shall be of the same composition as used in the concrete, except for exposed
surfaces; part of the cement shall be while cement to provide a finish color matching the surrounding concrete.
Honeycombed or otherwise detective areas shall be cut out from solid concrete to a depth of not less than 25 mm. The
edges of the cut shall be perpendicular to the surface of the concrete. The area to be patched, at least 15 mm adjacent
thereto shall be saturated with water before placing the mortar. The mortar shall be mixed approximately one (1) hour
Page 6 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 before placing and shall be remixed occasionally during this period with a trowel without adding water. A grout of cement
and water, mixed to the consistency of paint, shall then be brushed onto the surface to which the mortar is to be bonded.
The mortar shall be compacted into place and screened slightly higher than the surrounding surface. Patches on exposed
surfaces shall be finished to match the adjoining surfaces, after they have set for an hour or more. Patches shall be cured
as specified for the concrete. Exposed surfaces shall utilize plywood forms. After the removal of forms, shall not be
plastered, unless otherwise directed by the engineer. All joint marks on the formwork shall be reworked to a smooth surface
to match adjacent areas and to present a new appearance.

3.4 Forms
.7
1. General

Forms shall be used whenever necessary to confine the concrete and shape it to the required lines and
dimensions, or to protect the concrete from contamination. Forms shall have sufficient strength to withstand the
pressure resulting from placement and vibration of the concrete, and shall be maintained rigidly in correct
position. Forms shall be sufficiently tight to prevent loss of mortar from the concrete. Forms for exposed
surfaces shall be lines with form grade plywood. Bolts and rods used for interval ties shall be so arranged that
when the forms are removed, they shall not be less than two (2) centimeters from the formed surface.

2. Cleaning and Oiling of Forms

Before placing concrete, the contact surfaces if the forms shall be cleaned of incrustations of mortar, grout, or
other foreign material. Forms shall be coated with standard from oil that can effectively prevent sticking and will
not stain the concrete surfaces.

3. Removal of Forms

Forms shall be removed in a manner, which shall prevent damage to concrete structures. Forms shall not be
removed without prior approval of the Engineer. Any repairs of surface imperfections shall be performed at once
and curing shall be started as soon as the surface is sufficiently hard to permit it without further damage. The
minimum time period for removal of forms shall govern where it exceeds the minimum specified curing period.
Where the formwork for one element supports the formwork for another element, the greater time period shall
apply to both elements. Forms shall not be removed before the expiration of the minimum time specified below:

Element Time Period

Walls, columns, sides of beam and girders,

And slabs on grade 1

Pan joist forms (side only):

76 cm (30 inches) wide or less 3
Over 76 cm (30 inches) wide 4

Where design live load is: less than greater than

Dead load Dead load

Arch center 14 7

Joist, beam, or girder, soffits:

(Clear span between structural Support):

Under 3.00 m (10 ft.) 7 4

3.00 m (10 ft.) to 6.00 (20 ft.) 14 7
Over 6.00 m (20 ft.) 21 14

One-way floor slabs; (Clear span Between

structural supports)

Under 3.00 m (10 ft.) 4 4

3.00 m (10 ft.) to 6.00 (20 ft.) 7 4
Over 6.00 m (20 ft.) 10 7

Sufficient shoring members to support dead loads including construction loads on beams and slabs shall be
provided for a period of eight (8) days in addition to the seven (7) days specified thereto. The time for removal of
forms for structures not included thereto shall be as directed by the Engineer. Concrete work shall be protected
from damage during construction.

3.4 Reinforcing Steel

Page 7 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 .8
1. General

Steel reinforcement shall be provided together with all necessary tie wire, chairs, spacers, support and other
necessary devices.

2. Cutting and Bending

Reinforcing steel shall be accurately cut and bent in accordance with the approved detailed reinforcement
drawings. Reinforcing steel shall not be straightened or rebend in a manner that will injure the material. Bars
with kinks or with bends not shown on the approved detailed reinforcement drawings or with cracks or splits of
the bends shall not be used. All bars shall be bent cold. If Contractor elects to have reinforcing steel cut and
bent off the site, he shall provide, maintain and operate a small cutting and bending shop on the site and
maintain a representative stock of steel. This provision is to take care of minor revisions and additions in an
expenditious manner.

The DAC/ME shall prepare bar cutting schedule, for guidance of the project implementation team (PIT), prior to
fabrication of reinforcing steel bars.

3. Placing of Reinforcement

Reinforcing steel shall be accurately placed in accordance with approved detailed reinforcement drawings and
shall be adequately secured against displacement by using specified tie wires or approved clips at all
intersections. After it has been installed, reinforcing steel shall be inspected for compliance with requirements as
to size, shape, length, splicing, position and number. Reinforcing steel shall be supported by concrete or metal
supports, spacers or metal hangers, except for surfaces exposed to the ground or to the weather, where
supports shall be concrete. Wooden support spreaders shall not be used. At surfaces where an attractive
appearance is required, the supports shall be of type, which shall not cause subsequent staining or marring of
the exposed surface.

3.4 Joints in Concrete

.9
1. Construction Joints

Construction joints shall be provided where indicated in the drawing. Joints not indicated on drawings shall be
constructed and located as not to impair the strength of the structures. When a construction joint is to be made,
the surface of the hardened concrete shall be thoroughly cleaned and all Latinate removed. In addition, the joint
shall be thoroughly wetted and sloshed with a coat of neat cement grout immediately prior to placing of new
concrete.
2. Expansion and Contraction Joints

Expansion and contraction joints shall be provided where indicated and shall be in accordance with details.

3. Preformed Strips

Preformed strips shall be placed before the adjoining, concrete is poured. The joint scalier shall be applied after
concrete on both sides of the joint have been poured and after the joint lines have been trued.

4.0 MASONRY

4.1 Scope of Work The work includes furnishing and placing of concrete masonry units in conformity with the lines, grades and cross-sections
shown on the drawings and in accordance with the specifications.

4.2 Applicable The latest edition of the following specifications and standards shall form part of this specification to the extent required by
Documents the references thereto.

ASTM American Society for Testing Materials

C144 Standard Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar
PSA Product Standards Agency Publications (Philippines)
PNS 16 Specification for Concrete Hollow Blocks

4.3 Materials 4.3 Concrete Hollow Blocks

Requirements .1
Concrete hollow blocks shall be a standard product of recognized manufacturer to PNS 16, as indicated on the drawings.
Exterior and interior masonry units shall be non load-nearing units. However, load-bearing units maybe provided in lieu of
non-load bearing units. For load bearing units, the required compressive strength shall be

Be 25 kg/cm2 or 2.48 Mpa.

Page 8 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 4.3 Cement, Reinforcing Steel, and Water
.2
Cement, reinforcing steel and water shall be as specified in Section 3.0.

4.4 Construction 4.4 Workmanship

Requirements .1
Masonry walls shall be placed level and plumb all around. One section of the walls shall not be placed in advance of the
others, unless specifically approved. Unfinished work shall be stepped back for joining with new work; tooting shall not be
permitted. Heights of masonry shall be checked with an instrument at sills and heads of openings to maintain the level of
the walls. Door and window frames, anchors, pipes, and conduits shall be installed in carefully and neatly as the masonry
work progresses. Spaces around doorframes shall be filled solidly with mortar. Drilling, cutting fitting and patching, to
accommodate the work of others, shall be performed by skilled workers. Bolts, anchors, inserts, plugs, ties, and
miscellaneous metal work specified elsewhere shall be placed in position as the work progress. Chases of approved
dimensions for pipes and other purposes shall be provided, where indicated or necessary. Top of exposed walls and
partitions, not being worked on, shall be covered with a waterproof membrane, well secured in place. Walls and partitions
shall be structurally bonded or anchored to each and to concrete wall beams, and columns.

4.4 Mortar Mixing

.2
Mortar materials shall be measured in approved containers to insure that the specified proportions of materials are controlled
and accurately maintained during the progress of the work. Unless specified otherwise, mortar shall be mixed in proportions
by volume. The aggregates shall be introduced and mixed in such a manner that the materials will be distributed uniformly
throughout the mass. A sufficient amount of water shall be added gradually ad the mass further mixed, not less than 3
minutes, until a mortar of the plasticity required for the purpose intended shall be obtained. The mortar shall be mixed in a
manner such that the quality of water can be controlled accurately and uniformly. Mortar boxes, pans of mixing drums shall
be kept clean and free of debris or dried mortar. The mortar shall be used before the initial setting of the cement has taken
place, retempering of mortar in which cement has started to set shall not be permitted.

4.4 Proportion of Mortar Grout

.3
Fine mortar grout shall be mixed in the volumetric proportion of one part Portland cement by three part sand.
4.4 Use of Fine Coarse Grout
.4
Fine grout shall be used in grout spaces less than 50 mm in horizontal dimension or when clearance between reinforcement
and masonry unit is less than 17 mm. Coarse grout shall be used in grout spaces more than 50 mm in all horizontal
dimensions or where clearance between the reinforcement and masonry is more than 17 mm.

4.4 Mortar Joints

.5
Mortar joint shall be uniform in thickness, and the average thickness of any three consecutive joints shall be 9.50 mm.
“Gage rods” shall be made and approved prior to starting the work and shall be used throughout the work. Changes in
coursing or bonding after the work has started shall not be permitted. The jointer shall be slightly larger than the width of the
joints, so that complete contact is made along the edge of the units, compressing and sealing the surface of the joints.
Joints in masonry, which will not be exposed, shall be struck flush. Joints shall be brushed to remove all loose and excess
mortar. All horizontal joints shall be on level and vertical joints shall be plumbed and aligned from the top to the bottom of
the wall with a tolerance of plus or minus 12 mm.

4.4 Concrete Masonry Unit

.6
The first course of concrete masonry unit shall be laid in full bed of mortar, for the full width of the unit; the succeeding
courses shall be laid with broken joints. Concrete masonry units with the cells verticals shall have bed-joints formed by
applying the mortar to the entire top surfaces of the inner and outer face shell, and the head joints formed by applying the
mortar of a width of about 25 mm to the ends of the adjoining units laid previously. The mortar for joints shall be smooth, not
furrowed, and shall b of such thickness that it will be forced out of joints as the units are being placed in position. Where
anchors, bolts, ties and reinforcing bars occur within the cell of the units, such cells shall be solidly filled with mortar or grout
as the work progresses.

4.4 Reinforcement
.7
Horizontal tie reinforcement shall be provided where indicated. Reinforcement shall be continuous and provided in the
longest available lengths. Reinforcement above and below openings shall extend and be embedded into the columns,
unless otherwise shown on the drawings. Splices shall overlap not less than 150 mm. Reinforcement shall be embedded in
the mortar joints in the manner that all parts shall be protected by mortar. The two top courses of filler block walls shall have
their cores filled with grout when placed in position.

Unless otherwise shown on the drawings, the size and spacing of bars shall be as follows:

Page 9 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 For Vertical Bars

150 mm (6”) CHB - 12 MM (1/2”) dia. At 600 mm (24”) on

centers

100 mm (4”) CHB - 10 mm (3/8”) dia. At 600 mm

For horizontal bars: - 12 mm (1/2”) dia. At 600 mm (24”) on

center (every third course) for 150 mm (6”)
and 100 mm (4”) CHBs

4.4 Bounding and Anchoring

.8
Masonry walls and partitions shall be accurately anchored or bonded at points where they intersect, and where they abut or
adjoin the concrete frame of the building. All anchors shall be completely embedded in mortar.

4.4 Grout Placement

.9
Grout shall be performed on the interior side of wall, except as approved otherwise, Sills, ledges, offsets and other surfaces
to be left exposed shall be protected from grout falling on such surfaces and be and shall be removed immediately. Grout
shall be stirred before placing to avoid segregation of the aggregate and shall be sufficiently fluid to flow into joints and
around the reinforcement without leaving any voids. Grout shall be placed by pumping or pouring from buckets equipped
with spouts, in lifts not exceeding 1.2 meters high. Grout shall be puddle thoroughly to eliminate voids without displacing the
masonry units from its original position. Masonry units displaced by the grouting operation shall be removed and re-laid to
its proper alignment using fresh mortar grout.

4.4 Tests and Test Reports

.10
The testing requirements stated herein or incorporated in referenced contract documents may be waived provided certified
copies of report of tests from approved laboratories performed on previously manufactured materials are submitted and
approved. Test reports shall be accompanied by notarized copies from the manufacturer certifying that the previously tested
materials is of the same type, quality manufacture, and make as those proposed of this project.

5.0 METALS

5. Scope of Work The work includes the furnishing, fabrication, erection or installation of structural steel roof framing and miscellaneous metal
1 work in accordance with this specification and as shown in the drawings.

5.2 Applicable The latest edition of the following specifications and standards refereed to hereinafter by basic designation only, shall form
Specifications part of this specification:
& Standard
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

A36/A36M Specification for Structural Steel

A53 Steel Pipe Zinc Coated Welded and Seamless Black and Hot-Dip
A307 Bolts and Studs, 60,000 psi Tesile Strength

A325 Standard Specification, high Strength Bolts for Joints

A570 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet and Strip, Structural Quality

A611 Steel, Cold-Foiled Steel, Carbon, Structural Quality

AWS American Welding Society

D1.1 Structural Welding Code, Steel

American Institute of Steel Construction, Specification for Design, Fabrication, Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings.

American Iron Steel Institute, Specification for the Design of Light Gage Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members.

5.3 Material 5.3 Structural Steel Shapes Plates and Bars

Requirement .1
Unless otherwise shown or specified on the drawing, structural steel shapes plates and bars shall conform to ASTM
specification A36/A6M.

5.3 Hot-Formed Steel Sheet and Strip

.2
Page 10 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 Unless otherwise shown or specified on the drawings, hot-formed steel and strip shall conform steel sheet and strip shall
conform to ASTM A570.

5.3 Bolts, Nuts, and Washer

.3
It shall conform to specification STM A370, with a minimum yield point of 33,000 psi, unless otherwise shown in the
drawings. Heavy hexagonal structural bolts, heavy hexagonal nuts, and hardened washers, shall be quenched and
tarpapered medium-carbon steel bolts, nuts and washers complying with ASTM A325.

5.3 Screw and Expansion Bolts

.4
Screw and expansion bolts be of standard commercial grade, and of the sizes and types indicated as approved by the

5.3 Electrodes
.5
Electrodes for are welding shall be E60, or E70, AWS D1.1

5.3 Galvanizing
.6
Unless otherwise specified, galvanizing shall be of standard quality, hot-dipped process of 1.25 ounces per square foot of
coating. Galvanized surface that are damaged prior to final acceptance shall be repaired using an approved repair
compound.

5.3 Miscellaneous Metals

.7
Miscellaneous metal including fastenings, anchorages and incidentals not specifically mentioned herein or in other section of
this specifications but are required to complete the work, for which there are no detailed drawings, shall be provided and
installed in accordance with standard practice of the trades.

5.3 Delivery, Storage and Handling

.8
Fabricated materials delivered to job site shall be stored in clean and protected dry areas in manufacturers’ protective
package. Structural steel materials to be stored shall be placed on skids above the ground. It shall be kept clean and
properly drained. Skids placed near enough together to prevent injury from deflection shall support long members, such as
purlins and chords.

5.4 Construction 5.4 General

Requirements .1
Fabrication and erection of structural steel shall be in accordance with AISC specification for the design. Fabrication and
erection of structural steel for buildings, except as specified herein. The DAC/ME shall prepare shop drawings showing the
proposed method of fabrication and installation of all metal work. No work shall be started until the shop drawings have
been approved. And all work shall conform to the approved shop drawings.

5.4 Fabrication of Steel Structure

.2
The work shall be well formed at the shape and size shown and assembles as detailed. Structural members shall be
fabricated and assemblers in the shop to the greatest extend possible. Shearing and punching shall be produced in clean,
true lines and surfaces with burrs remove. Nuts shall be drawn up tight. Joints which are to be exposed to the weather,
shall be waster lights. Hole shall be cut, drilled or punched at right angles to the surface of the metal and shall not burning
enlarge made ort. Holes in base or bearing plates shall be drilled.

1. Welding

Structural steel shall be welded accordance with the standard code of Air and Gas Welding in Building
Construction of the American Welding Society. Qualified welders shall perform all welding work only.

2. Shop Painting

Unless otherwise specified of indicated in the drawings, all structural steel work (except galvanized surfaced and
surfaces that will be painted with epoxy) shall be given a shop coat of red lead or zinc chromate primer.

5.4 Erection
.3
The steel structure shall be erected true to line and grades. Bracing’s and supports shall be introduces whenever necessary
to take care of all the loads to which the structure may be subjected. Such bracings shall be left in place as long as may be
required for safety. As erection progresses, the work shall be securely bolted to taken care of all the dead loads, wind and
erection stresses. No reaming of undersize bolt holes shall be permitted, and erection bolts shall not be used for lining up
Page 11 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 members.

1. Drift Pins

Drift pins may be used only to bring together several parts; they shall not be used in such manner as to distort or
damage the metal.

2. Gas Cutting

The use of gas cutting torch in the fields for correcting fabrication errors shall not be permitted on any major
member in the structural framing. Its use may be permitted only when the member is not under stress, and
subject to the approval of the Project Manager.

3. Base Plates and Bearing Plates

Base plates and large bearing plates shall be supported on steel wedges or shims until the supported members
have been plumbed, following which the entire bearing are shall be grouted with no-shrink cement grout.
4. Grouting Mortar for Setting Base Plates

Concrete grout shall be a non-shrinking type grouting mortar. The mortar subject to the approval by the Project
Manager can either be a mixture of Portland cement, well graded fine aggregate, aluminum powder; and water or
an approved commercial grouting mortar containing a non-metallic chemical oxidizing agent. If adopted, the
approved product shall be delivered to the site of the work in original sealed container bearing the trade name of
the manufacturer. Surfaces to receive the mortar shall be clean and shall be clean and shall be moistened
thoroughly before placing the mortar. Exposed surfaces of mortar shall be water cured we burlap for at least
seven (7) days.

5. Setting Up

Steel shall be erected plumb, level and properly guyed. In setting or erecting structural steel, the individual piece
shall be considered plumb or level where the error does not exceed 1 to 500.

6.0 CARPENTRY AND JOINERY

6.1 Scope of Work These sections include all rough and finish carpentry and joinery works, as shown in the drawings and in accordance wit this
specification.

6.2 Material 6.2 Lumber

Requirements .1
All number shall be in accordance with the accepted commercial standard and shall be of the approved quality of each kind
and shall be of the following spaces and grades as shown in the drawings.

Use Species Grade

Lumber in contact with Concrete, masonry and
Cement plaster Yakal Good
Jambs, Transoms, mullions headers, sills,
frames and wood base of detachable partition Yakal Clear
Ceiling joist, studs, roof framing and nailers Apitong or Tanguile Good
Wood trims, wooden planks and wood vent and
frames Tanguile Clear

1. Quality of Lumber

All lumber shall be of the approved quality of each kind required for the various parts of the work, well seasoned,
thoroughly dry, and free from large, loose or unsound knots, saps, shakes, and other imperfections impairing its
strength, durability and appearance. Jambs, transoms, mullions, headers, sills, frames and wood base shall be
air dried and well seasoned for at least two (2) months before use.

2. Substitutions

Any lumber equally for the purpose may be substituted for the kinds specified, provided that the substitution shall
be approved by the Engineer in-charge of the subproject.

3. Except where otherwise specified, lumber shall be sun-dried, or kiln-dried. At time of installation, the maximum
moisture content, expressed as a percentage of the oven-dry wood, shall be as follows:

Page 12 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 a. Rough Carpentry and Framing

Framing lumber 2 inches and less in thickness: 19 percent

Framing lumber over 2 inches thick: 25 percent

Boards: 19 percent

b. Interior millwork, finish and trim: 17 percent

6.2 Plywood
.2
1. Interior Areas

Plywood ceiling for interior ceiling, doors, and partitions shall be of 6 mm thick tanguile plywood, grade “A”, 3-ply
with high water resistant.

2. Exterior Areas

Plywood ceiling for exterior ceiling, partition and doors (toilet and bath) shall be to 6 mm marine plywood.

6.2 Framing
.3
Wooden frames for detachable partitions shall be kin-dried, tanguile or engineer’s approved equivalent.

6.3 Construction 6.3 Workmanship

Requirements .1
Lumber for framing and other carpentry shall be fitted closely, set accurately to the required lines and levels, and shall be
secured in place in a rigid and substantial manner. Spiking, nailing and bolting shall be done in an approved manner.
Spikes, nails and bolts shall be of the proper size, and care shall be taken so as not to split the members. All frames coming
in contact with concrete or masonry shall be anchored by means of nails spaced sufficiently apart all around the contact
surfaces. Bolt holes shall be drilled accurately and shall have a diameter of 3 mm more than the bolt size. All exposed
wood surfaces shall be smoothly dressed and if so required, shall be well sand papered to an even smooth surface ready for
finishing.

6.3 Finish Framing

.2
Grades and species of wood shall be as specified. Interior finish shall be set plumb, level, square, and in true alignment and
joints shall be tight and formed to conceal shrinkage. All finish framing shall be done as much as possible with carefully
fitted mortise and tenon joints. Surface finish of woodwork shall be smoothly dressed and well sanded by machine or by
hand. Conceal fastening and joints as much as possible, if not possible locate them in inconspicuous places where nailing is
permitted on wood surfaces. Face nailing in trim and millwork specified to receive a natural finish shall be selected for
uniformity in color and graining. Nailing and blocking shall be provided as necessary.

6.3 Rough Framing

.3
Framing and other rough carpentry shall be fitted closely and set accurately to the required line and levels and shall be
secured in place in a rigid and substantial manner. Framing members shall not be spliced between bearing points and shall
be free from pronounced defects. All framing members, not indicated or specified shall be provided as necessary for the
proper completion of the work. Nailing shall be done in an approved manner, so as not to split the framing members.

6.3 Protection of Work

.4
The PIT shall protect all finished woodwork and millwork from injury after it has been set in place until completion and final
acceptance.

6.3 Hardware
.5
Items of hardware to be installed shall be as directed or as shown in the drawings and shall be fitted carefully and attached
securely. Care shall be exercised not to mar or injure the work.

7.0 MOISTURE AND THERMAL PROTECTION

7.1 Scope of Work This section includes the furnishing of all plant, tools, equipment, materials and other in the installation of waterproofing, and
roofing, including miscellaneous sheet metal works as required providing a waterproof installation.

7.2 Material 7.2 Pre-painted Metal Roofing and Siding

Requirements .1
Metal roofing and siding shall be gauge 26, cold-rolled, pre-coated with zinc-epoxy polyester or acrylic paint, and oven-
baked for tougher resistance to chemical and atmospheric corrosion, preventing flaking, fading or rusting.
Page 13 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 7.2 Galvanized Steel Sheets for Sheet Metalwork
.2
Galvanized steel sheets for sheet metal work shall be pain galvanized steel sheets and shall be of gauge 26, cold rolled,
pre-coated with zinc-epoxy polyester or acrylic paint and oven-baked.

7.2 Fasteners and Accessories

.3
Strap fasteners shall be of gauge 24, galvanized iron sheet, 25 mm wide and be sufficiently long for the required connection.
Rivets and washer shall be galvanized mild iron. Rivets shall not be less than 5 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length.
Washers shall not be less than 1.5 mm thick and 20 mm in outside diameters.

7.2 Storage of Material

.4
Corrugated galvanized steel sheets and other molded materials shall be stacked in level sites using lumber placed right
angles to corrugation. Stacks shall be kept covered and protected from the weather and from contact with soil.

7.3 Construction 7.3 Roofing and Siding Installation

Requirements .1
1. General

Except as specified otherwise herein, all materials shall b installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s printed
erection instructions. Care shall be exercised in storing, handling and installing to prevent any damage to roofing
sheets. The sheets shall be of the length indicated or the greatest length to suit the purlins spacing. End laps of
roofing shall be located over purlins. Extreme care shall be exercised in drilling, pilot holes for fattening to keep
drills perpendicularly center valleys or crowns as applicable. After drilling, all melt filings and burrs shall be
removed from holes prior to installing fasteners and washers. Sheets deformed or otherwise damaged by over-
torque fastenings, shall be removed and new sheets be installed. Size and spacing, or fasteners used in
erection shall be as recommended by manufacturer subject to the approval of the consultant. All metal shaving
shall be swept from roofs upon completion to prevent rusting and discoloration.

Prior to the installation of roofing, purlins should have been placed and spaced properly to fit the length of roofing
sheets to be used.

2. Installation of Roofing Sheets

Installation of roofing sheets shall start at the lower part of the roof and to proceed towards the direction of the
prevailing monsoon wind. Side laps shall be two and a half (2 1/2 ) corrugations and end laps shall be 250 mm
minimum. Each sheet shall be fastened temporarily by a galvanized flat head to be covered by side or end laps.
Succeeding upper tows of roofing sheet shall be installed in the same manner until the roof area is covered.

3. Joint Sealing

To provide watertight construction joint sealing material shall be provided to seal all joint in and around sealing
strips at ridges, eaves valleys and, bolt holes before inserting fasteners for all flashing and elsewhere as
necessary.

4. Fastening and reverting

Pre-painted roofing sheets shall be fastened to the purlins by means of metal strap GA. 24, 25 m wide, strapped
to steel purlins and riveted to metal roofing.

Install the ridge roll and gutters when required before fastening the roofing sheets with plain galvanized iron
straps and washer. Each strap end shall be fastened at every other corrugation along gutter lines and end laps.
The other strap end shall be bent around and nailed taut to the purlins. Riveting at intermediate purlins and laps
shall be done at every third corrugation. Rivet shall be provided with galvanized iron washers below and above
the roofing sheet. Rivets shall be sufficiently long to allow for a hemispherical head formation. Riveting shall be
done such that the lead washer will be compressed to provide a watertight fir around the rivets.

The use of Teks screw for the installation of the roofing may be adopted upon written approval from the Project
Manager.

5. Flashing

Flashing shall not be bent at sharp angles, but shall be worked to as large radius as possible. Exposed edges of
counter-flashing shall not be less than 75 mm and shall be made watertight with plastic cement.

Use cadmium plated or zinc-coated sheet metal screws to secure sheet metal flashing to roofing in accordance
with the manufacturer’s recommendations and subject to the approval of the Consultant.

Page 14 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 6. Ridge Rolls

Ridge roll shall be lapped at least 600 mm over the end of roofing sheets and shall be riveted at every second
corrugation.

7. Fabrication of Gutters

Gutters shall be fabricated to the shape and dimensions indicated in the plans. Gutter joints shall be flat seams
folded and sealed evenly in the direction of flow. Otherwise, gutter joints shall be lapped at least 25 mm,
fastened together with a 3.175 mm diameter or No. 8 copper rivets and burrs and sealed.

Gutter shall be attached to the facial frame with galvanized nails or screws spaced at not less than 900 mm on
centers and at a point slightly higher than the leading edge of the gutter. As additional support, gutters shall be
fastened to the end purlins by a wrought iron straps 3 mm thick and 19 mm wide spaced at not more than 1000
mm on centers.

7.3 Roof Accessories

.5
Downspout (if applicable)

This item shall be of polyvinyl chloride (P.V.C) pipe embedded concrete columns as shown in the drawings or as directed by
the Consultant. PVC downspout shall not be less than 75 mm in diameter and a product of a reputable manufacturer
acceptable.

7.3 Water Testing

.6
All waterproofed surfaces, roof, sidings, gutter and downspout system shall be tested for water tightness by flushing or
flooding, with water as directed by the Engineer. Floodwater shall be kept on gutters, downspouts for a minimum time of
twenty-four (24) hours. If any leak occurs, the works shall be repaired or reconstructed. Test shall be repeated until
satisfactorily result has been attained.

7.4 Method of 7.4 Method of Measurement

Measurement .1
The quantities to be paid for under this section shall be measured as follows:

a. The square meters of waterproofed areas installed and accepted shall measure membrane waterproofing. The
payment of quantities shall be deemed to include the cost of surface preparation, metal lath reinforcement and
mortar plaster including protection and testing works.

b. The measurement for roofing, fascia and siding shall be in square meter of area completed and accepted by the
Engineer. The payment of these items shall be considered to include the cost of preparation, installation of metal
sheets, fastening, joint sealing, false work and necessary works to complete this item.

c. The number of pieces of each unit installed as shown in the drawing shall measure the quantities for roof drain
and weep holes.

d. The liner meter in place will measure downspout. The payment of quantities shall be deemed to include the cost
of fittings, joint sealer and fasteners necessary to complete the work.

e. The measurement for ridge roll, gutter and flashing shall be in linear meter of sheet metal work fabricated
installed and accepted. The payment for this item shall be considered to include the cost of fastening and
sealing.

f. The cost of installing insulation shall be measured in square meter area of insulation installed and accepted.
Cost per square meter of insulation installed shall be deemed to include the cost of support, fasteners and
incidentals to be work.

8.0 DOORS AND WINDOWS

8.1 Scope of Work This section calls for the furnishing, fabrication and installation of doors and windows in accordance with the plans and
specifications.

8.2 Material 8.2 Wood Doors

Requirements .1
1. General

Door panels shall have 44 mm thickness, unless otherwise specified or shown on plans, except for counter
doors, which shall be 31 mm thick.

Page 15 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 2. Door Types

a. Hollow Core/Flush Doors

Except as otherwise specified, flush door shall be done in accordance with the detail as shown on the plans. The
plywood edge protection shall be around and into the outside frame of the door in order to prevent “peeling off” of
the plywood veneers at the edges.

3. Lumber

Lumber for doors shall be of commercial grade, of the approved quality of each kind, well seasoned, thoroughly
dry, and free from loose or unsound knots, shakes, pitch pockets, or other imperfections affecting its strength,
durability or appearance.

a. Door frames in contact with concrete shall be yakal, good grade of the design size and thickness as indicated in
the drawings. Application of black coal tar between contact surfaces shall be provided.

b. Door studs, nailed and frames shall be tanguile, S4S and kiln-dried with not more than fourteen percent (14%)
moisture content.

4. Plywood

Plywood for interior flush doors shall be tanguile, first class and of commercial standard. For toilets and bath
doors, use marine plywood.

8.2 Glass Jalousie Windows

.2
a. Layer Type Operation

This type of jalousie window shall be capable of locking the unit in any position and cannot be opened outside.
Louver with glass slat clips and tilt gar casing shall be extruded aluminum sections, true to details with clear,
straight, sharply defined profiles and green from defects impairing its strength or durability. Aluminum extruded
section and strips shall be Type AA conforming to ASTM B 235-50T.

b. Window Frames (Wood Jambs)

Opening frames for jalousie window shall be well seasoned thoroughly dried “Yakal” to avoid any possibility of
warping after the glass jalousie window materials has been set in place.

c. Glass Pane

It shall be clear glass of high quality, free from unevenness or other imperfection that affects its quality and form.

8.2 Glass
.3
Quality of glass shall be as mentioned in USGM Specification No. 123. Use of other recognized commercial brand should
be referred to and subject to the approval of the Engineer.

8.2 Quality of Glass

.4
All glass sheets for doors and windows, unless otherwise specified herein or otherwise indicated in the drawings, shall be
locally manufactured.

8.2 Finish Hardware and Specialties

.5
The model numbers herein given designated the quality and style (type, design, operation, materials and finish) of hardware
designated. Any other hardware equally good may be substituted only in cases of urgent necessity and subject to the
approval of the Engineer.

Unless otherwise specified, exposed surface shall have the following Philippines Standard finishes.

1. Butt Hinges

All hinges that are needed shall be steel plated and of the size for the purpose. Use “Hanger”, “Stanley”,
“Cordon” or an approved equivalent, highly polished and plated with non-raising pin for door opening outside.

4. Locks

Doors and windows shall be provided with complete, ready for operation, one pin tumbler cylinder lock of the
Page 16 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 medium or standard type for each door in accordance with the schedule. Philippine standard finishes as
specified in Section 8.2.7, shall apply to all locks.

The trademark and plate numbers given herein are to designate only the quality, type, operation, materials and
style (design) required.

5. Schedule of Lockset and Door Closers

Use “Yale” lockset, or any approved equivalent; installed complete ready for service in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions for the doors on all classrooms, laboratory and library rooms.

8.3 Construction 8.3 Installation of Doors

Requirements .1
Doors shall be installed only after completion of other works, which may affect the moisture content of the door. Doors shall
be fitted and trimmed as required by the opening they will cover. Doors shall have a clearance of 3 mm at the side and top
and shall have a bottom clearance of 6 mm over thresholds or as shown on details. The lock edge of doors shall be leveled
at the rate of 3 mm. in 50 mm. Cuts made on the jambs shall be sealed immediately after cutting, using a clear water-
resistant varnish or sanding sealer.

Doors with surfaces receive paint finish may be furnish factory primed, and doors with natural finish may be furnished factory
pre-finished. Final furnishing shall be done in site in accordance with painting and varnishing specifications.

8.3 Installation of Glass Jalousie Window

.2
Window framing and aluminum frame glass jalousie window shall be fitted closely, set accurately to the required lines and
levels, and secured in place in rigid manner with the use of appropriate fasteners. Frame corners shall be mitered and
mechanically locked to attain extreme rigidity.

Aluminum frames and glass blades of jalousie shall be of the design, size and thickness as indicated. Aluminum framing
and clip shall be shop fabricated and shall be loosely pivoted to allow free movement. The blades shall be secured to the
clip of 1.83 mm common wire nails with one end riveted. Movable section of the jalousies shall allow easy operation either
to close or open operation.

All wood frames used, as jambs for window opening shall be shaped molded true to details and properly equipped with
weather-stripped to prevent penetration of rainwater. Corners of frames shall be mitered and mechanically locked resulting
in extreme rigidity. Aluminum lever casing with glass clips; tilt bar and locking handles shall be set and properly adjusted
leveled and aligned to acquire satisfactory operation and to assure weather tight construction operation.

8.3 Installation of Glass

.3
Glass shall be set after framing have been primed and dried. All glass shall be bedded, back and face puttied and secured
in place. Secure glass in window frames with non-corrosive clips, except where glazing beads are required. Apply putty
uniformly in straight lines, with accurately formed levels and clean-cut corners; remove excess putty from glass. Improperly
set glass shall be replaced by the approval of the engineer.

All glass shall be accurately cut to fit openings and set with equal bearing on the entire width of the pane. Convex side of
glass shall be on the outside.

8.3 Installation of Builders Hardware

.4
1. Door Knobs, Lock and Latch Strikes

All lock and latch strikes shall be installed in doorframes at the same height from the floor. Doorknobs shall be
so located that the center of the knob is 0.90 m. from the finished floor.

2. Butt Hinges

Each panel of hinged door shall be provided with two (2) butts for doors 1.50 m or less in height; three (3) butts,
over 1.50 m. high and not over 2.10 m in height. Doors of a greater height than 2.10 m, unless otherwise
specified, shall be provided with an additional one (1) butt for each 0.65 m or fraction thereof.

Size of the Butt Hinges required as follows:

Thickness of Door Width of Door Size of Butt Hinges

21 mm or 25 mm (7/8” or 1”) 63 mm (2 ½”)
28 mm (1 1/8”) 75 mm x 75 mm (3” x 3”)
44 mm ( 1 ¾”) 100 mm x 100 mm (4” x
Page 17 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 4”)
56 mm x 63 mm ( 2 ¼” x 2 ½”) 125 mm x 125 mm (5” x
5”)

3. Fastenings

Fastening of suitable size, quality and type shall be provided to secure hardware in position. Machine screws
and expansion shields shall be provided for securing items of hardware to concrete bricks tile or masonry instead
of wood screws.

4. Exposed Items of Hardware

After the finish hardware has been properly fitted, all exposed items such as knobs, plates, pulls, locks, etc., shall
be removed until the final coat of paint finish has been applied. Other items of finish hardware that are not to be
removed before painting shall be properly marked or completely covered until final coat of paint finish has been
applied, after which such protective cover shall be removed.

9.0 FINISHES

9.1 Scope of Work This section covers all works required in connection with surface finished on wood, metal, masonry and concrete surfaces in
accordance with this specification and as shown in the drawings.

9.2 Material 9.2 Plastering Works

Requirement .1
1. Portland Cement

Cement shall conform to Philippine Standards or ASTM standard C150, Type 1

2. Sand

Fine aggregates for plastering shall be natural sand and shall be approved by the Engineer.

3. Lime (if available)

It shall be dehydrated lime where the free (unhydrated) calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the hydrated
product shall not exceed 8 percent by weight.

4. Water

Water used in mixing, shall be reasonably clean and free of oil, salt, acids, alkali, grass or other substances
injurious to the finished product.

5. Red Cement, if applicable

It shall be of the approved brand and applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

9.2 Tile Works

.2
1. Floor Tiles

Tiles shall be standard grade, unglazed vitrified tiles, and 6 mm thick. Color and pattern shall be as specified in
the drawing or as approved by the Engineer.

2. Wall and Wainscoting Tiles

It shall be 6 mm thick, standard grade, glazed vitrified tiles. Color and pattern shall be as shown in the drawing
or as approved by the Project Manager. Tiles shall be free from lamination, serrated edges, chipped off corners
and other imperfections affecting their quality, appearance and strength.

3. White Cement Grout

It shall be of the standard quality approved by the Engineer.

9.2 Paints
.3
All paints materials shall be as manufactured by recognized company. Tinting colors shall be of the same type as to the
paint specified in the schedule of pain materials. All paints except paint for metals shall have fungicides added (Phenol
Mercuric Chloride) in the amount of 1.5 percent to the total weight of paint.

9.2 Storage and Delivery of Materials

Page 18 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 .4
Cement and lime shall be stored of the ground under watertight cover, and away from damp walls and surfaces until ready
for use. Damaged or deteriorated materials shall be removed from the premises immediately. Manufactured materials shall
be delivered in the original unbroken packages or containers that are labeled plainly with the manufacturer’s name and
brand. Container for tiles shall e grade-sealed. Materials shall be handled in a manner that will prevent the intrusion of
deleterious materials that will affect its quality and appearance.

All paint materials shall be delivered to the joist in the original containers, with labels intact and seals unbroken. Quality and
type of paints shall be as specified in the schedule of paint materials and tools. The storage shall be adequately ventilated
and must always be kept clean. Paints shall be protected from damage and contamination at all times and safeguards shall
be taken to prevent fire.
9.3 Construction 9.3 Cement Finish on Masonry Walls
Requirements .1
1. General

The work consists of furnishing all materials, labor and performing all operations in connection with plastering
masonry wall surfaces, complete in every respect as shown in the drawings and as specified herein. Plastering
work shall be coordinated properly with the work of other trades. The work of other trade shall be protected
properly from being damaged during plastering operations. Scaffolding shall be amply strong, well braced, tied
securely and inspected regularly. Overloading of scaffolding shall not be permitted.

2. Mixing of Plaster

Except where hand mixing of small patches is an approved mechanical mixer of an approved type shall be used
for the mixing of plaster. Materials shall be accurately measured by a device that will maintain the specified
proportions within a plus or minus tolerance not in excess of 5% by volume. Plaster materials shall be accurately
measured in approved containers to insure the specified proportions. Caked and lumped materials shall not in
use. Mixing boxes and tools shall be cleaned after mixing each batch and kept free of plaster from previous
mixes. Plaster materials shall be thoroughly mixed with the proper amount of water until a uniform color and
consistency is attained. Tempering shall not be permitted and all plaster that has begun to stiffen shall be
discarded.

3. Proportioning Plaster

Portland Cement plaster shall be a two-coat application, the base and the finish coat. Each coat shall be
proportioned as follows: One part by volume of Portland, to three parts sand.

4. Application of Plaster

Surface to receive plaster must be free from structural defects and shall be thoroughly dampened prior to
application of plaster.

Plaster base coats shall be applied with sufficient pressure and the plaster shall be sufficiently plastic to provide
good bond on masonry base. The base coat shall be compacted and straightened to a true surface without the
application of water and the entire surface shall be floated to receive the finish coat. The finish coat shall be
applied to a thickness approximately 3 mm before the scratch coat has set. Maximum pressure shall be applied
in order to compact the finish coat and to provide smooth finish free from blemishes or irregularities. Trawling
shall be continued until the finish surface sets. Immediately after setting, the surfaces shall be scoured
vigorously with clean burlap or cement bag paper or brush to remove the sheen finish produce by trawling.

Plaster work shall be finished level, plumb, square and true, within a tolerance of 3 mm in 3 meters without
waves, blisters, pits, crazing, discoloration, projections, or other imperfections. Plasterwork shall be formed
carefully around angles and contours, and well up to screens. Special care shall be taken to prevent consequent
dropping of applications. There must be no visible junction marks where one day’s work adjoins another.
Finished work shall be protected in an approved manner to prevent damage.

5. Portland Cement Plaster

Cement plaster shall have a total thickness of not less than 12 mm thick. The base coat shall be applied not less
than 9 mm thick and allowed to dry slowly for 24 hours. Then the finish coat shall be applied to a thickness of not
less than 3 mm and brushed with 4 applications of fog spray of clean water. The first spray shall be applied 12
hours after the finishing coat has been completed and three subsequent spraying shall be applied at sufficient
intervals thereafter.

6. Patching and Pointing

Upon completion of the work, all loose, cracked, damaged or defective plastering shall be cut and re-plastered in
a satisfactory and approved manner. All pointing and patching of plastered surfaces and where plastering abuts
or adjoins any other finished works shall be done in a neat and workmanship manner ready to receive pain or
other finish.
Page 19 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 7. Curing and Protection

Dump curing shall begin as soon as the mortar has hardened sufficiently to prevent injury and water applied in a
fog spray to keep the plaster damp throughout without soaking. The period for damp curing shall be as specified
for each coat. Protect the plaster from uneven and excessive evaporation during hot or drying weather
conditions.

8. Cleaning

After the completion of plastering work, all scaffolding surplus materials, debris and plaster daubs and stains on
floors, windows, and other surface shall be removed to the satisfaction and approval of the BSPMC.

9.3 Cement Finish on Concrete Floor Slabs

.2
1. General

This work includes plain cement finish with or without red cement, and plain cement finish as bed for tiles,
including all labor, materials, equipment and other facility to complete the work in accordance with the plans and
specifications.

2. Finishing Requirements

Floors and slabs shall be sloped uniformly to the drains. In areas where tiles are to be laid, the concrete-based
slab shall be depressed to not less than 50 mm, when not indicated. Floor and slab finishes, where not
indicated, shall receive a single steel trawling. Dry cement shall not be placed directly on the new concrete
surface to absorb excess moisture.

3. Finishing Procedures

Finishing procedures for floors and slabs, where not indicated on the drawings, shall be as follows:

Finish Description Uses

Screened Rough Free from Slab and concrete Ridges and holes
surfaces under

Earth fill base slabs Medium rough with Light storage and Texture finished areas
heavy machine pads

Trawled Fine and texture to flossy glass All surfaces:

Finish depending upon the number of 1. under floor – 1 pass

passes of surfaces 2. normal wearing – 2
passes
3. dense wearing – 3
trawling passes

4. Screened Finish

Concrete shall be placed, consolidated and immediately struck off to bring the top surface of the slab to proper
grade. Floors shall be leveled with a tolerance of 3 mm in 3.0 meters, except where drain occurs, in which case
the floors shall be pitched to the drains. Striking off and bull floating shall be completed before water appears on
the surface of the fleshly-placed concrete. If water is still visible by the time floating is to start, the excess water
shall first be scrubbed off the surface by appropriate means.

5. Floated Finished

Floating shall begin when the water sheen has disappeared and when the surface has stiffened sufficiently to
support a man without indenting the surface. Floating shall be performed by hand with a wood float. During the
floating, the surface shall be checked with a 3.0 m straight edge applied at different angles. The surface shall be
floated to a true plane within 3 mm in 3.0 meters.

6. Trawled Finished

Upon attaining proper set, the floor shall first be given a floated finish as specified herein above and then hand
trawled. The first trawling should produce a smooth surface, free of defects. The finished surface shall be free of
trawled marks, uniform in texture and true to a plane within 3 mm in 3.0 meters.

7. Bromide Finish
Page 20 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 The floor shall first be given a floated finish and a steel trawled finish as specified herein above and then surface
shall be bromide with flexible bristle broom. The topping mixture shall be spread evenly over the roughened
base before the final set has taken place. At the time of brooding, the trawled surface shall have hardened
sufficiently to retain the scoring on ridges. The brooding shall be in a direction transverse to that of traffic or at
right angles to the slope of the floor.

8. Mixing of Red Cement, if applicable

Red cement shall be thoroughly dry, mixed with fresh Portland cement using dry and clean equipment. The
proportion shall be three (3) parts red cement to one (1) part Portland cement. Cement top finish shall be one (1)
part Portland cement – red cement mix and one (1) part sand, mix with minimum water content.

9. Application of Cement Finishes

The concrete slab to receive cement top finish shall be roughened before the concrete has set. Before applying
the cement top finish, the concrete surface shall be further roughened with a pick of similar tool to remove
Latinate, loose particles, plaster and anything that would prevent bond and then cleaned by an approved method
or device. After cleaning, the slab shall be thoroughly wet before top finish is applied. The cement top finish
shall have a minimum thickness of 19 mm and shall be poured continuously until the entire section is complete.
Cement top finish shall be floated either manually or by machine, struck off with straight edge, steel trawled to a
hard smooth surface, and graded to drain where required. Where the floor is to hardened, ½ of the pre-mixed
floor hardener shall be spread over the freshly poured cement top finish after screening and removing any
excess water from the mixture and the floor shall then be floated. The balance of the pre-mixed floor hardener
shall be evenly spread over the surface at right angles to the first application. The floor shall then be floated and
care shall be taken to embed the floor topping with hardener firmly in surface of the concrete floor. The treated
cement top finish shall be allowed to set sufficiently so that the surface maybe steel trawled to a hard-scaled
surface.

9.3 Other Cement Finish

.3
1. Patching of Surface Defects

All surface defects shall be repaired with cement mortar of the same composition as used in the concrete. Part
of the cement in the mortar may be white cement, for patching exposed areas to match the color of the
surrounding concrete. Patching shall begin as soon as the forms are removed and areas to be patched are
cleaned thoroughly. Minor defective areas shall be cut out of the solid concrete to a depth of not less than 25
mm. And edges of cuts shall be perpendicular to the surface of the concrete. Area to be patched and about 150
mm of the adjacent surrounding areas shall be saturated with water before placing the mortar. Mix the mortar
approximately one (1) hour before placing and remix occasionally during this period without adding water. An
initial grout of cement and water mixed to the consistency of paint of the required color shall be applied into the
surface to which the mortar is to be bonded.

2. Repairing of Structural Defects

Concrete with excessive honey-comb, exposed reinforcing bars and other defects which affect the structural
strength of the members shall be removed and repaired.

3. Finishing of Formed Surfaces

Finishing of formed surfaces, where not indicated in the drawings, shall be as follows:

a. Surfaces exposed to public view shall be smooth form finished. No plastering work shall be done on exposed
surfaces to correct imperfections. Form facing materials shall be used to produce a smooth, hard and uniform
texture on the concrete. Tie holes and defects shall be patched and all fins shall be completely removed.
b. Surfaces not exposed to public view shall be rough form finished. Tie holes and defects shall be patched and
fins exceeding 6 mm in height shall be chipped off or rubbed off.

c. Finishing of formed surfaces shall be accomplished after removal and repair of surface defects.

9.3 Tile Works

.4
1. General

The work consist of furnishing all materials, labor and performing all operations in connection with tile finishing of
floors and walls, complete including mortar beds for the tile. Tile work shall not be started on portions where
embedded lines crossed over the area until roughing-ins for plumbing and electrical work has been completed
and tested. The work of all other trades in the areas where the work is to be done shall be protected from
damage in a workmanship manner as directed by the PIT.

2. Mortar for Tiles

Page 21 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 A scratch coat for wall tile, shall consist of one part Portland cement, ¼ part lime putty and 3 parts sand by-
volume. Scratch coat shall have a minimum thickness of 9 mm. The buttering mortar for setting walls tiles and
mortar setting bed for floor tiles shall have the same proportion as that of scratch coat.

3. Floor Tiling

a. Preparation of Surfaces

Before tile is applied with a dry-set mortar bed, the structural floor shall be tested for levelness or uniformity of
slope by flooding it with water. Areas with water ponds shall be filled, leveled and resetting before the setting
bed is applied. The slab shall be soaked thoroughly with clean water on the day before the setting bed is
applied. Immediately preceding the application of the setting bed, the slab shall again be wetted thoroughly but
no free water shall be permitted to remain on the surface. A skim coat of Portland cement mortar shall then be
applied not more than 1.5 mm thick. The mortar shall be spread until its surface is true and even and thoroughly
compacted, either level or sloped uniformly for drainage, where required. A setting bed, as far as can be covered
with the tile before the mortar shall have reached its initial set, must be p laced in one (1) operation, but in the
event that more setting mortar has been placed than can be covered, the unfinished portion shall be removed
and cut back to a clean leveled edge.

b. Application of Floor Tile

All tiles shall be soaked in clean water to a minimum of one (1) hour before they are installed. Placing tile on a
wetted cloth in a shallow pan before installing shall damp absorptive mounted tile. Before the initial set has taken
place in the setting bed, a skim of Portland cement mortar 75 mm to 1.5 mm thick, shall be trawled or brushed
over the setting bed of plain Portland cement. 75 mm and 1.5 mm thick may be hand dusted uniformly over the
setting bed and worked lightly with a trowel or brush until thoroughly damp. The tiles shall then be pressed firmly
upon the setting bed, and carefully tapped into the mortar until true and even with the place of the finished floor
base. Tapping and leveling shall be completed within one (1) hour after placing tiles. Borders and defined lines
shall e laid before the field or body of the floor. Where floor drain is provided, the floor shall be sloped properly to
the drains. Cutting of tiles, where necessary, shall be done along the outer edges of tile against trim, base,
thresholds, pipes, built-in fixtures, and similar surfaces and shall be geared and joined carefully. Tiles shall be
securely firmly in place, and loose tiles or tiles sounding hollow shall be removed and replaced to the satisfaction
of the Project Manager.

All lines shall e kept straight, parallel and true and all finished surface brought to true and even planes.

4. Wall Tiling

a. Preparation of Surfaces

Scratch coat shall be applied on prepared surface to serve as backing for wall tiles, not less than 24 hours or
more than 48 hours before starting the tile setting. Temporary screeds shall be applied to the scratch coat to
provide a true and plumb surface to the proper distance back from the finished wall. The setting bed shall be
applied, rotted, and floated flushed with the screeds over an area no greater than will be covered with the tile
while the bed remains plastic. The thickness of the setting bed shall not exceed 20 mm and the mortar shall not
be tempered.
b. Application of Wall Tile

Tiles shall be soaked in clean water for a minimum of one (1) hour before they are installed. A skim coat of
Portland cement mortar mixed with water to the consistency of thick cream. 75 mm thick shall be applied to the
mortar setting bed, or to the back of each tile. The tiles shall then be pressed firmly upon the setting bed and
tapped until flush and even with plane of the other tiles. The tiles shall be applied before the mortar bed has
taken its initial set. Intersections and returns shall be formed accurately. All lines shall be kept straight and true,
and all finished surfaces brought to true and even planes; internal corners squared; and external corners
rounded. Horizontal joints shall be maintained level and vertical joints plumb in alignment.

5. Jointing

Joints shall be parallel and uniform in width, plumb, and level and in alignment. End joints are broken-joints shall
be made, as far as practicable, on the centerline of the adjoining tiles. Joint widths shall be uniform and
measured to accommodate the tiles in the given spaces with a minimum cutting.

6. Grouting

Grouting shall be done as soon as the mortar beds have sufficiently set. All cement shall be Portland cement,
colored or white, as required. Where light colored mortar is required in joints, mixture of white cement and non-
fading mineral oxide shall be used to produce the desired colors. The quantity of mineral oxides shall not exceed
10% of the volume of cement in any case.

7. Cleaning
Page 22 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 Upon completion of grouting, the tile shall be thoroughly cleaned and maintained in this condition until completion
of contract.

9.3 Painting
.5
1. General

The work covered by this section consists of furnishing all labor, equipment, tools and materials in performing all
operations in connection with painting and finishing, including protective coating of metal surfaces, complete in
accordance with the specifications and the applicable drawings.

2. Color and Samples

Sample panels of selected colors, at least (1) meter square in area shall be prepared for approval by the
Engineer prior to application. All colors shall conform to KALAHI-CIDSS: KKB standard.

3. Workmanship

Skilled workers shall do all work in a workmanlike manner. Paints shall be evenly applied and free from sags,
runs, crawls and other defects. All coats shall be of proper consistency and well brushed out or rolled on so as to
show a minimum brush or rolled marks. Brushes or rollers shall be clean and in good condition.

All coats shall be thoroughly dry before the succeeding coat is applied. Allow at least twenty-four (24) hours or
more between applications of coat. For exterior painting during rainy season, allow one (1) week drying time
before the succeeding coat is applied.

Painting coats as specified are intended to cover surfaces perfectly, it surfaces are not fully covered; further
coats shall be applied to attain the desired evenness of the paint application. All finishes shall be uniform as to
sheen, color and texture. Paint may be applied by spray method except when, in the opinion of the spraying in
any particular application would produce unsatisfactory results. The PIT shall provide all drop cloths and other
covering requisite to the protection of floors and other work.

Each surface shall be inspected carefully before applying any finish; Should a coat of paint be applied to a
certain area and defects such as large cracks, hollow spots or unevenness is plastering area discovered, such
defects shall be knocked out and re-plastered and re-painted to the satisfaction of the BSPMC.

4. Inspection of Surfaces

The PIT shall inspect all surfaces to be painted and all defects shall be remedied before starting the work. No
work shall be started unless required surface dryness is met. Test shall be made, in the presence of the BSPMC
and DAC/ME, to verify the dryness of surfaces to be painted.

5. Concrete Surfaces

a. Surface Preparation:

Before applying paint, concrete and cement surfaces shall be allowed to dry thoroughly. Clean surfaces of all
dirt, alkali, and grease before commencing work. Treat all surfaces with a solution of two (2) kilos of zinc sulfate
to four (4) liters of water and sufficient phenolphthalein to act as color warning. Present of alkali is indicated
when phenolphthalein turns red and further treatment is required to neutralize it. Allow the surface to dry at least
three (3) days and remove and loose crystals from the surface before finishing.

b. Finishing

For exterior and interior concrete surfaces and all other surface with cement plaster finish, use flat concrete paint
with the specified brand approved by the Project Manager.

First Coat – Apply flat concrete paint thinned with ½ liter water per 4 liters of paint; tint with latex tinting color to
closely match color of topcoat or use premixed paint. Dry for 3 to 6 hours.

Intermediate Coat – Repair all minor surface imperfection with paint putty made by mixing paint with patching
compound powder. Let it dry for 24 hours, and then smoothen the surface with sandpaper, before applying the
intermediate coat.

Final Coat – Apply semi-gloss or gloss paint tinted with latex tinting color to the shade specified.

6. Wood Surfaces

a. Surface Preparations

Page 23 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS

 Plane the surface of wood with sandpaper to remove roughness, loose edges, slivers, slingers, and then clean to
remove dust. All frames in contact with concrete or plaster shall be treated with an anti-termite solution or
solutions or equivalent before applying paints. Set nail heads into the wood, fill holes, cracks and defects. Dry
for three (3) hours and clean surface with sandpaper to smoothen the surface.

b. Finishing

For all woodwork, use gloss latex house paint with specified brand approved by the Project Manager.

First Coat – Apply enamel paint thinned with 1.2 liter water per 4 liters of paint.

Second Coat – Apply latex paint thinned with latex tinning colors to the shade specified. Dry for 4 to 6 hours.

7. Metal Surfaces

a. Galvanized Metal

All soldered joints must be completely scrubbed hard with a stiff steel brush, washed down with water to remove
acidic solder flux, and then the new surfaces must be wiped off to remove grease and oils. All other surface
contaminants must be removed before applying pain. Apply 2 to 3 full coats of metal paint directly on galvanized
metal surfaces. Allow 24 hours drying time between coats.

b. Unquoted Steel

Other metal surfaces must be completely scrubbed hard with a stiff steel brush and cleaned before applying a
coat of red oxide primer or equivalent. Succeeding coats shall be applied following manufacturer’s specifications
for various coats on metal surfaces.

8. Varnishing, if applicable

a. Preparations

All wood works to be varnished shall be thoroughly sand papered and all cracks holes and other defects shall be
filled with quality wood filler stained to match the desired finish. For varnishing wood species like loan, tanguile,
apitong, etc., reduce the prominence of the coarse grain in the wood by applying quality paste wood filler, sash
and trim primer. Allow this filler and primer to set well and the excess shall be carefully and neatly cleaned from
the surfaces by wiping across grain and let it dry of the time required by the manufacturer.

b. Staining

If the desired color and shade can be obtained with the filler and primer staining shall be omitted. Surfaces that
require staining shall be stained with “Color matic Wood Stain” or “Oil Wood Stain” production of recognized
brands wiped thoroughly and care shall be exercised in the use of the stain not to mark, but bring out and
develop to the fullest extent the natural texture or grain of woods. When the natural color, grain or texture of
wood have to be maintained, the use of stain shall be omitted.

c. Finishing

Finishes shall be as specified in the drawings as approved by the Stains and Varnish shall be allowed to dry at
least forty-eight (48) hours between coats and shall be sanded lightly between coats with No. 00 or finer sand
paper and cleaned before succeeding coat is applied by hand rubbing and polishing, brushing, or spraying.

9. Protection

During painting works, furniture and other movable objects, equipment, fittings, fixtures and accessories shall be
removed or protected and returned in place upon completion of painting works. Remove or protect all electric
plates, surface hardware, etc., before painting and re-install upon completion of painting works.

10. Cleaning Up

The community workers shall upon completion of work remove all paint where it has been spilled, splashed or
splattered on surface, remove all surplus materials, scaffold, etc., and leave the place in perfect condition
acceptable to the BSPMC.

11. Final Inspection

Finished surfaces shall be solid; even in color and finished textures, free firm cops, runs, lumps, brush marks,
Page 24 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 discoloration or other defects. Before final inspection, any work damaged or discolored shall be touched up or
refinished in a satisfactory manner.

12. Miscellaneous

All other items for work to be painted and not specified herein, but necessary to complete the work shall be
painted with the appropriate quality of paint suited to the type and nature of the surface of material in accordance
with the specifications or as directed by the BSPMC.

10. PLUMBING

10.1 Description This item shall consists of furnishing all materials, tools, equipment and fixtures required as shown on the Plans for the
satisfactory performance of the entire plumbing system including installation in accordance with the latest edition of the
National Plumbing Code, and this Specification

10.2 Material All piping materials, fixtures and appliances fitting accessories whether specifically mentioned or not but necessary to
Requirements complete this Item shall be furnished and installed.

10. Water Supply Pipes and Fittings

2.1
a. Pipes shall be galvanized iron pipe schedule 40 conforming to specification requirements defined in ASTM A-
120. The threaded connection. Under roads where necessary shall be suitably protected as shown on the
Plans.

Fittings shall be malleable iron Type II, galvanized iron conforming to specification requirements defined in
ATMA338.

b. Valves

Valves for water supply shall be bronze body with threaded ends ratted 21.0 kgf/cm. Square. All valves are gate
valves unless otherwise specified. Gate valves shall have solid wedge body and discs conforming to
specification requirements defined in ASTM B-62. Globe valves shall have plug type discs with ferrule-threaded
ends and bronze body.

c. Unions

Unions on ferrous pipe 50 mm in diameter and smaller shall be malleable iron.

d. Water Meter

Water meter where required shall be of the type approved by the engineer conforms to the Philippine standards.

10. Approved Alternate Pipes and Fittings

2.2
Pipes and fittings for sanitary and potable water lines as approved alternative shall be Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Pipes
and Fittings (UPVC); or HDPE pipe for domestic water supply.

Pipes and fittings shall be made of virgin materials conforming to specification requirements defined in ASTM D-2241 and
PNS 65: 1986. Fittings shall be molded type and designed for solvent cement joint connection for water lines and rubber O-
ring seal joint for sanitary lines or any equivalent as approved by the engineer.

10.3 Septic Tank The septic tank shall be provided as shown not hiplines including all pipe vents and fittings. The various construction
materials such as concrete masonry work shall conform to the corresponding items of these Specifications. Inlet and outlet
pipes shall conform to the latest edition of the National Plumbing Code.

10.4 Plumbing and All fittings and trimmings for fixtures shall be chromium-plated and polished brass unless otherwise approved. Exposed
Fixtures and traps and supply pipes for fixtures shall be connected to the urging in, piping system at the wall unless otherwise indicated
Fittings on the Plans. Built-in fixtures shall be watertight with provision of water supply and drainage outlet, fittings and trap seal.
Unless otherwise specified, all plumbing fixtures shall be made of vitreous china porcelain complete with fittings.

a. Water closet shall be vitreous china porcelain, free saddling toilet combination, round front bottom outlet siphon
wash down with extended rear self and closed coupled tank with cover complete with fittings and mounting
accessories. The Engineer shall submit model make and color for approval prior to delivery at job site.

b. Lavatory shall be vitreous china porcelain, wall-hung with rear overflow and cast-in soap dishes, pocket hanger
with integral china brackets, complete with twin faucets supply pipes, P-strap and mounting accessories.

10.6 Construction The PIT before any installation work is started shall carefully examine the Plans and shall investigate actual structural and
Requirements finishing work condition affecting all this work. Where actual condition necessitates a rearrangement of the approved pipe
Page 25 of 28 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
 layout, the engineer shall prepare Plan(s) of the proposed pipe layout.

10.7 Installation of a. Horizontal lines shall be secured strongly by hooks to the building frame and suitable brackets or chairs shall be
Waste and provided at the floor from which they start.
Vent Pipes
b. Vent pipes in roof spaces shall be run as closes possible to under side of roof with horizontal piping pitched down
to stacks without forming traps. Vertical pipes may be connected into one main vent riser above the highest
vented fixtures.

c. Where an end or circuit vent pipe from any fixtures is connected to a vent line serving other fixtures, the
connection shall be at least 1.20 m above the floor on which the fixtures are located.

d. Horizontal waste line receiving the discharge from two to more fixtures shall be provided with end vents unless
separate venting of fixtures is noted on the Plans.

e. All changes in pipe sizes on soil and waste lines shall be made with reducing fittings or recessed reducers. All
changes in directions shall be made by appropriate wyes, half wyes, quarter bends or elbows may be used in
waste lines where the change in direction of flow is the horizontal to the vertical and on the discharge from waste
closets. Where it becomes necessary to use short radius fittings in other locations the approval of the Project
Manager shall be obtained prior to installation of the same.

f. Vent pipe shall be flashed and made watertight at the roof with ferrule lead. Flashing shall be turned down into
pipes.

g. Each fixtures and place of equipment requiring connection to the drainage system except fixtures with continuous
waste shall be equipped with a trap, as may be applicable.
10.8 Water Pipes, All water piping inside the building and underground, 100 mm diameter and smaller shall be schedule 40, series 1000 PVC
Fittings and pipes fittings.
Connections
a. The water piping shall be extended to all fixtures, outlets, and equipment from the gate valves installed in the
branch near the rise.

b. The cold water system shall be installed with a fall towards a main shut off valve band drain. Ends of pipes and
outlet shall be capped or plugged and left ready for future connections.

10.9 Mains and 1. All pipes shall be cut accurately to measurements and shall be worked into place without springing or forcing.
Branches Care shall be taken so as not to weaken the structural portion of the building.

2. All piping above the ground shall be run parallel with the lines of the building unless otherwise indicated on the
Plans.

3. All service pipes valves and fittings shall be kept at sufficient distance from other work to permit finished covering
on the different services.

4. No water piping shall be buried in floors, unless specifically indicated on the Plans and approved by the Project
Manager.
5. Changes in pipes shall be made with reducing fittings.

a. Drain Cocks

Pipe drain indicated on the drawing shall consist of 12 mm globe valve with renewable disc and installed at low
points on the cold water piping so that all piping shall slope 100 in 30.5 m.

b. Threaded Pipe Joints

All pipes shall be reamed before threading. All screw joints shall be made with graphite and oil or with an
approved granite compound applied to make threads only. Threads shall be cut and not more than three threads
on the pipe shall remain exposed.

c. Expansion and Contraction of Pipes

Accessible contraction-expansion joints shall be made whenever necessary. Horizontal runs of pipe over 15 m in
length shall be anchored to the wall to the supporting structure about midway on the run to force expansion and
contraction equally toward the ends or as shown on the Plans.

1) Valves shall be provided on all supplied fixtures as herein specified.

2) The cold water connection to the return circulation connection shall have gate and a check valve.

3) All connection to domestic hot water heaters shall be equipped with unions between valve tanks.
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 4) Valve shall not be installed with its stem below the horizontal. All valves shall be gate valves unless otherwise
indicated on the Plans.

5) Valves top and including 50 mm diameter shall be threaded ends; rough bodies and finished trimmings, except
those on chromium plated brass pipe.

6) Valves 63 mm in diameter and larger shall have iron bodies, brass mounted and shall have either screws of
flange ends.

7) Hose bibs shall be made of brass with 12.5 mm inlet threads, hexagon shoulders and 19 mm male.

10.10 Fixtures, a. All fixtures and equipment shall be supported and fastened in a safe and satisfactory workmanship as practiced.
Equipment and
Fastenings
b. All fixtures, where required to be wall mounted on concrete or concrete hollow block wall, fasten with brass
expansion bolts. Expansion bolt shall be 6 mm diameter with 20 mm threads to 25 m into solid concrete, fitted
with loose tubing to sleeves of proper length to acquire extreme rigidity.

c. Insert shall be securely anchored and properly flushed into the walls. Inserts shall be concealed and rigid.

d. Bolts and nuts shall be horizontal and exposed. It shall be provided with washers and chromium plate finish.

10.11 Plates and a. Plates to cover exposed pipes passing through floor finished walls or ceiling shall be fitted with chromium plated
Flashing cast brass plates or chromium plated cast iron or steel plates on ferrous pipes.

b. Plates shall be large enough to cover and close the hole around the area where pipes pass. It shall be properly
installed to insure permanence.

c. Roof areas penetrated by vent pipes shall be rendered watertight by lead sheet flashing and condor flashing. It
shall extend at least 150 mm above the pipe and 300 mm along the roof.

10.12 Protection and a. During installation of fixtures and accessories and until final acceptance, protect items with strippable plastic or
Cleaning other approved means to maintain fixtures in perfect conditions.

b. All exposed metal surfaces shall be polished clean and rigid of grease, dirt or other foreign materials upon
completion

c. Upon completion, thoroughly clean all fixtures and accessories to leave the work in piloted condition.

10.13 Inspection, All pipes, fittings, traps, fixtures, appurtenances and equipment of the plumbing and drainage system shall be inspected and
Warranty Test approved by the Engineer to insure compliance with all requirements of all Codes and Regulations refereed to in this
and Specification.
Disinfection
10.14 Drainage a. The entire drainage and venting system shall have all necessary openings, which can be plugged to permit the
System Test entire system to be filled with water to the level of the highest water or a full 30 minutes during which time there
shall be no drop greater than 102 mm.

b. Where only a portion of the system is to be tested, the test shall be conducted in the same manner as described
for the entire system except that a vertical stack 3.00 m highest horizontal line to be tested may be installed and
filled with water to maintain sufficient pressure or water pump may be used to supply the required pressure.

10.15 Water Test on a. Upon completion of the roughing-in and before connecting fixtures the entire cold water piping system shall be
System tested at a hydrostatic pressure 1 ½ times the expected working pressure in the system during operation and
remained tight and leak-proofed.

b. Where piping system is to be concealed the piping system shall be separately in manner similar to the described
for the entire system and in the presence of the Engineer or his duly designated representative.

10.16 Defective Work a. All defective materials replaced and tested will be repeated until satisfactory performance is attained.

b. Any material replaced for the satisfactory performance of the system made shall be local counterpart (LCC).

c. Caulking of screwed joints or holes will not be permitted.

10.17 Disinfection a. The entire water distribution system shall be thoroughly flushed and treated with chlorine before it is operated for
public used.

b. Disinfection materials shall be liquid chlorine or hydrochloride and shall be introduced in a manner approved as
practice or potable water.
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 c. Valves for the water distribution system shall be opened and closed several times during the 16 hours
chlorinating treatment is done.

10.18 As-Built Upon completion of the work, DAC/ME shall ensure that revisions and as-built changes are prepared. Such prints shall
Drawings show changes or actual installation and conditions of the plumbing system in comparison with the original drawings.

11. ELECTRICAL WORKS

11.1 General Notes a. Electrical installations shall conform with the latest provision of the Philippine Electrical Code, rules and
regulation of the local power company requires of the Bureau of Labor Standards and existing city/municipal
ordinances.

b. Incoming power shall be single phased, 220 volts, 2-wire, 60 Hz.

c. The work shall be supervised by a duly licensed electrical engineer or master electrician.

d. There shall be one service drop in the building.

e. Unless otherwise specified, the minimum size of wire and conduit/PVC pipes to be used shall AWG #14 PW and
½” diameter respectively.

f. All materials to be used shall be new and approved type for both purpose and location intended.

g. All thumbler switches shall be “quick matic” type.

h. Wires shall be color coded, black for base wire and white for any colors other than black for the neutral wire.

i. Neutral wires shall not be interrupted by switches or over current protective device.

j. Conduit runs shall be continuous from outlet, from outlet to panel board, or from pull box to pull box.

k. Lightning fixtures shall be as indicated in the lighting fixtures scheduled.

l. All rigid steel conduits and utility/junction boxes embedded in concrete shall be painted with red lead, otherwise
using PVC pipe or flexible PVC pipe shall be installed with proper fittings.

11.2 Location and a. Location of convenience outlet shall be .4 meter above the finished floor line.
Fixtures
b. Flash type wall switches shall be 1.2 meters above the finished floor level.

c. Other fixtures shall be installed following the other provisions of the Electrical Code.

REVISIONS Any revision made to this Specification shall be approved by the Engineer
who signed and sealed this instrument.

Prepared by: DOVANN O. ARRABIS Approved by: __________________

Civil Engineer Owner

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