Glossary of Broadcasting/Broadcast News Terms

General
Affiliate - A local station that subscribes to the services and programs of a network.
Anchor - The newscaster who hosts the studio portion of the newscast. The anchor is the
dominant voice in the presentation of the news to the audience. S/he must be proficient in
writing, producing, and editing the news.
AP Wire - Associated Press news service that supplies international, national and
regional information and stories. These are almost always rewritten before airing.
Back timing - A convenient way of counting down the length of a newscast. This tells
you when each story must run in order for your newscast to end on time.
Beats – specific public institutions or areas of concern for which specific reporters in a
newsroom are responsible watching. (e.g.: county reporter, health reporter, education reporter,
courts reporter)
Beat Checks - Using a telephone to search for and tape news stories from a list of
agencies. A good beat check would be comprised of the sheriff's offices, fire department, local
police, state highway patrol, DNR, local hospitals, and other government agencies that routinely
handle breaking stories.
Break – place designated within broadcast programming during which commercials run.
Bumpers – small teases (with or without audio/video) that come at the end of one
newscast segment often previewing what is coming up in the rest of the newscast.
Call Letters - A station's legal ID (for example, WBIZ-EAU CLAIRE) is a legal ID, Z-
104 is not a legal ID).
Cold Copy - aka; Rip-n-Read - A script not seen by an announcer until the moment s/he
reads it.
Consultants – firms, groups, individuals hired by broadcast organizations to give advice
on presentation, content, trends, viewer habits and preferences
Control Room - Where the technical equipment for putting a newscast on the air is kept
and operated.
Cue – usually a physical signal by engineer or other technical person indicting to anchor
to perform a task (start reading, wrap up, go to break).
Cue Up - Putting a sound bite, package, wrap, voicer, or other recorded material at its
beginning.
Dub - to make a recording of a recording.
Edit - To condense or revise material. For example:
◼ physical - to cut tape with a razor.
-- electronic – putting segments of a story together in a sequential manner
◼ content - to demand a re-focus or rewrite of a story.
◼ Non-linear – edit done on computer where segments can be put together out of
sequence.
Engineer – Technical personnel who can both operate, maintain and repair equipment.
Feed - A live or recorded report, or a set of recorded reports sent to a station/newsroom
via satellite, phone, or other device for inclusion in a news program.

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 Feedback - An ear-splitting squeal or howl caused when sound from a loudspeaker is
picked up by a microphone and reamplified. Feedback can also happen when the output for a
given tape deck or other device is fed back into its own input.
“Happy Talk” – the casual banter that goes on between news anchors and other “on-air”
people. Mostly considered light hearted.
Headlines – A kind of "tease" read at the beginning of a newscast.
Kicker - An offbeat or humorous story that typically is used to mark the end of the news
segment and the beginning of the sports/weather segment. The kicker can also be used to end a
newscast.
News feeds - feeds of stories/actualities sent to affiliates by networks for air on the
individual stations.
Lead – first line/paragraph of body of story that summarizes/indicates most important
information.
Lead-in – broadcast term for beginning part of story news anchor reads introducing the
story and/or person reporting story.
Lead story (aka Lead) – first story in a newscast or segment (in broadcasting) or a story
that is above the fold in print-this considered the most important news story of the day.
Outcue – usually the last thing a reporter says in either a live or recorded news story (i.e.
PKG) indicating the piece is ending. (Example: “FOR UPDATE NEWS, I’M BILL SMITH.”)
Outro – usually the “Goodbye” or end segment of a newscast often during which
news/wx/sports anchors engage in “happy talk.”
Producer/Editor – Plans and supervises newscast. Can also work with reporters in the
field planning and gathering information for stories.
Pronouncer - Phonetic spelling of a difficult word or name (i.e. Greg Louganis =
Greg loo-GAY-nuss).
P-S-A - aka Public Service Announcement - An advertisement for a not- for-profit
organization such as the American Heart Association, Partnership for a Drug-Free America,
etc..).
Reader - A story read by anchor without any audio/video.
Ratings – measuring units used to tell broadcasters how many households and/or viewers
have their stations/programs on at a particular time. This information is used in determining how
much station will charge advertising for commercial time.
Rundown -aka; Lineup - A chronological outline or order of stories or segments to be
used in a newscast. This is the producer's blueprint for the newscast.
Running Time - Refers either to the estimated time or the actual time of a
newscast. Producers/editors should always estimate the running time of the newscast based on
the actual time of each recorded report and her or his best guess as to the time of each intro and
each story to be read by the anchor.
Satellite feed – can be either news or programming feed that is generated from a distant
remote location and transmitted via a satellite. Very often live interviews with news makers or
other news people are conducted this way.
Sound Bed - aka: natural sound (natsot) A type of background audio that
complements the news report. For instance, the sound of protesters is played underneath the
reporter's in-studio story concerning the opening of a nuclear plant.
Spots (aka Commercials) – individual commercials that run during breaks.
Spot News – An unexpected event that can be covered in various ways

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 Story Tag – Closing to a story package, live shot, or on-set piece usually read by the
story report but can also be read by an anchor.
Upcut - Turning on the microphone after the anchor has begun speaking or before and
anchor/reporter has stopped speaking.

Television
B-Roll – video that is shot for a TV news story and used to visualize the script the
reporter/anchor has written.
EZ News – the newsroom computer software. It allows you to create news rundowns,
write stories for newscasts, print scripts, have teleprompter all from the same location/server.
Natural Sound - aka Nat Sound, Nat S-O-T, or Ambient Sound - Background voices,
music, machinery, waterfalls, and other environmental sounds that are recorded on-scene and
used to create a sound bed for a recorded or live report. Primarily used for setting a mood or
providing atmosphere for a report. This technique is frequently overused, but when used properly
it adds immeasurably to a story.
Nielsen – service primarily used in determining television ratings.
Live shot/Live Report – A TV news story during which a news anchor or reporter is live
at a remote location. Within this report can be included a SOT, VO/SOT or PKG.
On-Set Appearance – Reporter appears on set and is introduced by a news anchor. The
reporter can than introduce his/her news package or report his/her story from there.
Package (PKG) - A report from a correspondent that contains a sound bite inserted
between the introduction and the epilogue (usually inserted after the reporter's second or third
sentence). These need an in-studio lead for the anchor.
Sound bite (SOT) - edited slice of a newsmaker speaking. Similar to actuality in radio
except the person can be seen. Often several SOT can be spliced together with the edits cover
with video. These can be included in PKGs and VO/SOTs or can stand alone.
Stand-up – part of package with reporter on screen reading/presenting information.
Voiceover (VO) – A TV news story during which a news anchor or reporter reads a
script live as video is played.
Voiceover-to-sound(VO/SOT) – A TV news story during which a news anchor or
reporter reads a script live as video is played up to a place when a news maker video/audio sound
bite is played. At the end of the SOT, the reporter or anchor resumes reading with or without
additional video.

Radio
Actuality - aka Sound Bite, Sound-on-tape (SOT), Cut - edited slice of a newsmaker
speaking. When used effectively, the use of an actuality adds to the effectiveness of a report. It
also distinguishes a wrap from a voicer.
Arbitron - service primarily used in determining radio ratings.
R-O-S-R - aka Radio On Scene Report - Usually broadcast from the scene as an event
happens, or at least recorded at the scene of an event for later broadcast. An example would be
coverage of a demonstration at City Hall where people are loudly protesting. The outcue for this

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is always "At (i.e. City Hall) , I'M LENA SMITH FOR THE NEWS AT FIVE-FIFTY," in that
order.
Voicer - A recorded in-studio report that contains no sound bites. A good example is
coverage of an on going trial during which you were unable to get audio of the trial or an
actuality but can provide details of the days events. These need an in-studio lead for the anchor.
Wrap - aka Wraparound (or in television lingo, a Package) - A report from a
correspondent that contains an actuality(s) inserted between the introduction and the epilogue
(usually inserted after the reporter's second or third sentence). These need an in-studio lead for
the anchor.
Wrap/live - basically the same as the wrap in that the information is collected and
written the same. However, if the reporter is also working as an anchor that week in the lab, only
the sound-bites are recorded and replayed during the newscast while the anchor/reporter reads
his/her script live.