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Qualitative Data Collection Techniques

There are several techniques that can be used to collect data, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. Interviews can be conducted formally or informally and are mainly qualitative, while questionnaires and surveys can provide quantitative data through numerical scales. Observations allow dynamics and behaviors to be studied directly. Focus groups gather combined perspectives from groups with common experiences. Ethnographies use a combination of techniques like observations and interviews to study phenomena holistically in natural settings. Documents and records provide existing data but may be incomplete on their own.

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Amal Tharaka
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109 views1 page

Qualitative Data Collection Techniques

There are several techniques that can be used to collect data, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. Interviews can be conducted formally or informally and are mainly qualitative, while questionnaires and surveys can provide quantitative data through numerical scales. Observations allow dynamics and behaviors to be studied directly. Focus groups gather combined perspectives from groups with common experiences. Ethnographies use a combination of techniques like observations and interviews to study phenomena holistically in natural settings. Documents and records provide existing data but may be incomplete on their own.

Uploaded by

Amal Tharaka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DIFFERENT DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES

Technique Key Facts


 Interviews can be conducted in person or over the telephone
 Interviews can be done formally (structured), semi-
structured, or informally
Interviews  Questions should be focused, clear, and encourage open-
ended responses
 Interviews are mainly qualitative in nature

 Responses can be analyzed with quantitative methods by


assigning numerical values to Likert-type scales
 Results are generally easier (than qualitative techniques) to
Questionnaires and Surveys
analyze
 Pretest/Posttest can be compared and analyzed

 Allows for the study of the dynamics of a situation,


frequency counts of target behaviors, or other behaviors as
indicated by needs of the evaluation
 Good source for providing additional information about a
particular group, can use video to provide documentation
Observations
 Can produce qualitative (e.g., narrative data) and
quantitative data (e.g., frequency counts, mean length of
interactions, and instructional time)

 A facilitated group interview with individuals that have


something in common
 Gathers information about combined perspectives and
Focus Groups opinions
 Responses are often coded into categories and analyzed
thematically

 Involves studying a single phenomenon


 Examines people in their natural settings
 Uses a combination of techniques such as observation,
Ethnographies, Oral History,
interviews, and surveys
and Case Studies
 Ethnography is a more holistic approach to evaluation
 Researcher can become a confounding variable

 Consists of examining existing data in the form of


databases, meeting minutes, reports, attendance logs,
financial records, newsletters, etc.
Documents and Records
 This can be an inexpensive way to gather information but
may be an incomplete data source

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