Name:
Stoichiometry Exercises (BASIC)
1. When sulfur is burned in air to produce sulfur dioxide, which is the limiting reactant? Explain your answer.
2. Is it possible for the percent yield to be greater than the theoretical yield? Explain your answer.
3. Write a balanced chemical equation for each reaction and then determine which reactant is in excess. Remember!
Non- metals exist
a. 2.46 g barium (s) plus 3.89 g bromine (l) in water to give barium bromide
as polyatomic
b. 1.44 g bromine (l) plus 2.42 g potassium iodide (s) in water to give potassium bromide and iodine molecules (usually,
c. 1.852 g of Zn metal plus 3.62 g of sulfuric acid in water to give zinc sulfate and hydrogen gas diatomic)
d. 3.142 g of ammonium phosphate reacts with 1.648 g of barium hydroxide in water to give ammonium hydroxide and
barium phosphate
Please begin writing the names and formulae of cations and anions in the corresponding separate section of your folder
4. When a piece of zinc metal is placed in aqueous hydrochloric acid, zinc chloride is produced, and hydrogen gas is evolved. Write
a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. Determine which reactant is in excess for each combination of reactants.
a- 12.5 g of HCl and 7.3 g of Zn
b- 6.2 mol of HCl and 100 g of Zn
c- 2.1 × 1023 molecules of Zn and 26.0 g of HCl
d- 3.1 mol of Zn and 97.4 g of HCl
5. Determine the mass of each reactant needed to obtain the indicated amount of product. Be sure equations are balanced.
a- NaI (aq) + Cl2 (g) → NaCl (aq) + I2 (s); 1.0 mol of NaCl When the % yield
b- NaCl (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → HCl (g) + Na2SO4 (aq); 18.25g of HCl of a reaction is not
c- NO2 (g) + H2O (l) → HNO2 (aq) + HNO3 (aq); 94.5 g of HNO3 listed, you should
d- AgNO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (s) → AgCl (s) + Ca(NO3)2 (aq); 1.25 mol of AgCl (50% yield) assume it is 100 %
e- Pb (s) + PbO2 (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → PbSO4 (s) + H2O (l); 3.8 g of PbSO4 (75% yield)
f- H3PO4 (aq) + MgCO3 (s) → Mg3(PO4)2 (s) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l); 6.41 g of Mg3(PO4)2 (90% yield)
6. Determine the percent yield of each reaction. Be sure that the chemical equations are balanced. Assume that any reactants for
which amounts are not given are in excess.
a. KClO3 (s) → KCl (s)+ O2 (g); 2.14 g of KClO3 produces 0.67 g of O2
b. Cu (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → CuSO4 (aq) + SO2 (g) + H2O (l); 4.00 g of copper gives 1.2 g of sulfur dioxide
c. AgC2H3O2 (aq) + Na3PO4 (aq) → Ag3PO4(s) + NaC2H3O2 (aq); 5.298 g of silver acetate produces 1.583 g of silver phosphate
Silver acetate
7. Each step of a four-step reaction has a yield of 95%. What is the percent yield for the overall reaction?
95 % 95 % 95 % 95 % ?%
A → B → C → D → E // A E
8. A three-step reaction yields of 87% for the first step, 94% for the second, and 55% for the third. What is the percent yield of
the overall reaction?
9. Under certain conditions, the reaction of hydrogen with carbon monoxide can produce methanol.
H2 (g) + CO (g) → CH3OH (g)
Calculate the percent yield if exactly 200 g of methanol is produced from exactly 300 g of carbon monoxide.
10. Chlorine dioxide is a bleaching agent used in the paper industry. It can be prepared by the following reaction:
NaClO2 (s) + Cl2 (g) → ClO2 (aq) + NaCl (aq)
What mass of chlorine is needed for the complete reaction of 30.5 g of NaClO2?
11. The reaction of propane gas (CH3CH2CH3) with chlorine gas (Cl2) produces two products: CH3CH2CH2Cl and CH3CHClCH3. The
first is obtained in a 43% yield and the second in a 57% yield.
a. If you use 2.78 g of propane gas, how much chlorine gas would you need for the reaction to go to completion?
b. How many grams of each product could theoretically be obtained from the reaction starting with 2.78 g of propane?
c. Use the actual percent yield to calculate how many grams of each product would actually be obtained.
12. Aniline (C6H5NH2) can be produced from chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl) via the following reaction:
C6H5Cl (l) + 2NH3 (g) → C6H5NH2 (l) + NH4Cl (s)
Assume that 20.0 g of chlorobenzene at 92% purity is mixed with 8.30 g of ammonia.
a. Which is the limiting reactant?
b. Which reactant is present in excess?
c. What is the theoretical yield of ammonium chloride in grams?
d. If 4.78 g of NH4Cl was recovered, what was the percent yield?
13. A stoichiometric quantity of chlorine gas is added to an aqueous solution of NaBr to produce an aqueous solution of sodium
chloride and liquid bromine. Write the chemical equation for this reaction. Then assume an 89% yield and calculate the mass of
chlorine given the following:
a. 9.36 × 1024 formula units of NaCl
b. 8.5 × 104 mol of Br2
c. 3.7 × 108 g of NaCl
