ABAP INTERNAL TABLES
ABAP Internal Table
- Internal table is data object to store identically structured data records at runtime and no memory allocated , ABAP runtime
dynamically manages the size of internal table
-It is used for processing large data set in structured manner and can be used
• For fetching data from database table
• Preparing data for output
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Properties of internal tables
• Line Type :- structure of table row
• Primary key :- can be unique and non unique depending on access type
• Table kind :- Standard , Hash , Sorted dependent on access type
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ABAP Internal Table Types
Choose table type (and access method) by most frequently performed operation
There are 3 ABAP Internal Table Types:
1) Standard Tables
• Access by linear table index or key
• Response time proportional to table size
2) Sorted Tables
• Filled in sorted order
• Access by linear index or sort key
Response time logarithmically proportional to table size
3) Hashed TablesDirect access (only) by table key
• Constant, fast response time
• Most appropriate when access to rows is by a key.
• (Cannot access hashed tables via the table index)response time remains constant regardless of the number of rows in the table.
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Further to type of declaration there are
There are two types of internal tables.
Internal tables with HEADER line
Internal tables without HEADER line.
Internal Tables with Header Line
Here the system automatically creates the work area.
This work area is called the HEADER line.
Internal Tables without Header Line :
Here there is no work area associated with the table.
Work area is to be explicitly specified when we need to access such tables.
With Header line is now obsolete and not used as it create work area with same name as internal table which sometimes create
hindrance.
Creating Internal Tables
There are many ways to create an Internal Table. Lets look at them one by one-
1.By Using the Type Statement
TYPES : begin of line,
empno type I,
empname(20) type c ,
end of line.
2.By referring to another Table
You can create an internal table by referring to an existing table. The existing table could be a standard SAP
table, a Z table or another internal table.
3.By referring to existing Structure
Syntax-
Data <f> LIKE <struct> occurs n [with header line].
4.By creating a new Structure
Let us now create an internal table with a structure of our own. Here the table is created with an Header line, by
default.
Syntax -
Data : Begin of <f> occurs <n>,
<component declaration>,
.................................,
End of <f>.
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Generic Key Operations
For processing single records of an internal table a structure variable that
has the same type as the line type of internal table is required.The
structure variable is known as work area.
Eg inserting a row in worktable
DATA: gt_flightinfo TYPE bc400_t_flights,
gs_flightinfo LIKE LINE OF gt_flightinfo
gs_flightinfo-carrid = ‘’.
gs_flightinfo-connid = ‘’
….
INSERT gs_flightinfo ITO TABLE gt_flightinfo.
Standard Table :- append
Sorted Table :- record inserted in correct place to keep table sorted
Hash Table inserted according to hash algorithm
For every operation we have to define the work area
READ ROWS
Data Transfer & Internal Tables
Filling line by line
• Append, Collect, Insert
Copying the contents of another table
• Append, insert, move
Reading line by line
• Loop, read, search
Determining the attributes of an internal table
• Describe
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1) Append
APPEND [ <wa> TO | INITIAL LINE TO] <itab>
itab type standard table of spfli ,
itab_wa like spfli.
Select * into itab_wa
From spfli.
Append itab_wa to itab. endselect.
System Fields Used in Table Processing
SY-TABIX
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Holds the index of the current line in the table
SY-SUBRC
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Return code for operation
SY-SUBRC = 0
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Operation was sucessful
SY-SUBRC <> 0
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Operation failed
SY-DBCNT
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Number of lines that were affected by the operation
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How many lines have already been processed
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