VOLUME 2

ISSUE 2
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION MAY 2012

Role of Polyisocyanate in PU Coatings

How to make a PU System
Polyurethanes coatings are made from macromolecules or polymers formed by the
reaction between a polyisocyanate and another polymer – commonly known as a polyol
– that contains active hydrogens (OH, COOH...).
The choice of raw materials, both polyols and polyisocyanates is very large, enabling
many combinations with a wide variety of properties.

Reaction to form polyurethane

Polyurethanes based on aliphatic polyisocyanates are well known for their outstanding properties and
especially for their exceptional resistance to weathering and chemical attack.

1K & 2K Systems
Polyurethanes based on aliphatic polyisocyanates are renowned for their outstanding properties and especially
for their exceptional resistance to weathering and chemical attack. Two main categories of polyurethane
systems can be distinguished: two-component (or 2K) and heat-activated, one-component (or 1K).

2K POLYURETHANE COATINGS

Two-component systems consist of a polyisocyanate and a polyol that are mixed just prior to application and
cure at room temperature. In volume terms, this family accounts for over half of all urethane coatings sold
in the world.

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The crosslinking reaction (-NCO + -OH) occurs on the substrate at room temperature, but sometimes, stoving
30 min at 60°C or 80°C is used to speed up drying (for productivity reasons) Therefore, 2K polyurethane
coatings are used :
• on substrates sensitive to heat (plastics, wood, cars....),
• on objects too big to be stoved (trains, airplanes, bridges...).

1K POLYURETHANE COATINGS

One-component PUs are similar materials to the previous one, except that a blocked isocyanate is used to
provide a storage stable one-pack formulations containing the polyol. After application of the coating on the
substrate and during stoving at elevated temperature, the isocyanate is de-blocked and then it reacts with
the polyol to form the PU network. This includes powder coats, which consume now over 10% of all urethane
in paints

Why use Aliphatic Polyisocyanates?

Polyurethane coatings are highly versatile and have superior properties such as toughness, resistance to
abrasion and chemicals while also being flexible and adhering well to all sorts of substrates.
Aliphatic isocyanates as the curing part for Polyurethanes not only contribute to achieving these benefits but
also offer exceptionnal durability, great flexibility and extensive possibilities to formulators.
Using aliphatic polyisocyanates providing the following benefits to PU coatings

No Yellowing Chemical Resistance Exceptional

Gloss Retention

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Exceptional Gloss Retention

Polyurethane coatings made from aliphatic polyisocyanates have exceptional gloss retention

The lack of phenyl group It makes polyurethane coatings prepared from aliphatic polyisocyanates less prone
to oxidation rather than those prepared with an aromatic hardeners

The resistance of the urethane bond when exposed to UV light Aliphatic polyisocyanates provide very
good durability to polyurethane coatings. Their use is recommended for applications where maintaining
outstanding aesthetics is required over time.

No Yellowing upon Ageing

Polyurethane coatings made from aliphatic polyisocyanates are well known for their non yellowing properties
upon ageing.

The lack of phenyl group It makes polyurethane coatings prepared from aliphatic polyisocyanates less prone
to oxidation rather than those prepared with an aromatic hardener

The resistance of the urethane bond when exposed to UV light The use of aliphatic polyisocyanates is
particularly suitable when coatings have to play a durable decorative role. In the automotive market, the
topcoat needs to stay as transparent as possible in order to maintain special effects and colors at their best
level.

In these typical applications, polyurethane coatings made from aliphatic polyisocyanates are recommended
for their no-yellowing property as for their exceptional physical resistance.

Chemical Resistance
Polyurethane coatings based on aliphatic polyisocyanates have a dense chemical network that provides an
exceptional chemical resistance. These high performance coatings are therefore able to withstand acid rain,
bird dropping and graffiti removals.

A slight excess of aliphatic polyisocyanate in the coating formulation increases the film resistance to solvent
& chemicals attack. In general, the best performance levels are obtained with NCO/OH ratio between 1.05
and 1.20 for solvent-based systems

Adhesion
The adhesion property of a paint film is key to ensure good substrate protection or to enable multi-layer
coating systems. The challenge is not only to adhere and show a good adhesion property, but to ensure the
durability of the adhesion in severe conditions, such as humidity or heat.

The urethane bond provides superior adhesion to a wide variety of substrates

Adhesion of polyurethane coatings based on aliphatic polyisocyanates last over time even under harsh
conditions.

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Applications / Markets
The use of aliphatic polyisocyanates in the following markets

NIPPON PU PRODUCT SPECIFICATION

CORONATE HR-T (aliphatic Polyisocyanate) Hardner

Apperance Pale Yellow Liquid

NCO Content (%) 16.4

Viscosity at 25 °C (mPa.s) 100

Dilute Solvent(weight ratio) Xylene/Butyl acetate=50/50

Solid Content (%) 75

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PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION VO L U M E 1 I S S U E 7 N OV E M B E R 2011

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FILM

Test Item Test Results

MICRONIZED Test Method
CARBON BLACK TYPICAL SPECIFICATION

Bend test 2 mm (Pass) Cylindrical mandrel

N220
(JIS K5600-5-1)
N330 N326
TEST ASTM MICRONIZED MICRONIZED MICRONIZED
UNIT
PARAMETERS METHOD CARBON CARBON CARBON
Cupping test 10 mm Erichsen Value
BLACK(JIS K5600-5-2)
BLACK BLACK

Black Fine Black Fine Black Fine

Appearance
Powder Powder Powder
Falling-weight test 100 cm (Pass) DuPont method ½ inches 500g (JIS K5600-5-3)
Iodine No mg/g D 1510-03 121 ± 5 82 ± 5 82 ± 5

Scratch hardness Hardness

DBP Absorption H
cc/100g Pencil
D 2414-05 method
114 ± (JIS
5 K5600-5-4)
102 ± 5 72 ± 5

Tint Strength % ITRB D 3265 116 ± 5 104 ± 5 111 ± 5

Adhesion testHeating Loss 100/100% Cross-cut test
D 1509 (JIS
1 max K5600-5-6)
1.5 max 1.5 max

Ash Content % D 1506 1 max 1 max 1 max

Packing Details
Sieve Residue 350 D 1514
% 0.6max 0.6max 0.6max
Available BSS mesh
18 & 220 litres Barrel.
Available in 25 kg bags across all our warehouses.

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Ram Charan Company | "Century Towers", 46, Barnaby Road, Kilpauk, Chennai - 600 010
Tel : +44 - 4353 9040 / 41 / 42 Fax : +44 - 4330 7050 Email : [email protected]

Mumbai | 09821216311 Kolkatta | 09433346713 Hyderabad | 09848208821 Chennai | 044 43539040

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Hosur| 09443272475 Madurai | 09843044928 Cochin | 09847030708 Bangalore | 09980777298

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]