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What Is Subcutaneous Mycoses

Subcutaneous mycoses are chronic fungal infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by soil-dwelling fungi entering through a break in the skin. Examples include sporotrichosis, chromomycosis, and mycetoma. Sporotrichosis is caused by Sporothrix schenckii and causes painless nodules along lymphatics that may persist for years. Chromomycosis is caused by several fungi and presents as wartlike lesions that extend along lymphatics, mainly affecting feet and legs in tropical regions. Mycetoma is characterized by draining sinuses in the feet, hands or back that expel colored fungal grains.

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646 views4 pages

What Is Subcutaneous Mycoses

Subcutaneous mycoses are chronic fungal infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by soil-dwelling fungi entering through a break in the skin. Examples include sporotrichosis, chromomycosis, and mycetoma. Sporotrichosis is caused by Sporothrix schenckii and causes painless nodules along lymphatics that may persist for years. Chromomycosis is caused by several fungi and presents as wartlike lesions that extend along lymphatics, mainly affecting feet and legs in tropical regions. Mycetoma is characterized by draining sinuses in the feet, hands or back that expel colored fungal grains.

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Arslan Saeed
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Date

SUBCUTANEOUS MYCOSES

1. WHAT IS SUBCUTANEOUS MYCOSES


These are chronic, localized infections of the skin and
subcutaneous tissue following the traumatic implantation of
the aetiologic agent
The causative fungi are all soil saprophytes of regional
epidemiology which are able to adapt to the tissue
environment and elicit disease is extremely variable.
EXAMPLES:
 Sporotrichosis
 Chromomycosis,
 Mycetoma,
 Lobomycosis etc
A. SPOROTRICHOSIS
Sporothrix schenckii is a DIMORPHIC fungus.
i.

OCCURANCE:
The mold form lives on plants.
The yeast form occurs in human tissue.
ii. ONSET OF DISEASE IN HUMAN:
When spores of the mold are introduced into the skin,
typically by a thorn, it causes a local pustule or ulcer
with nodules along the draining lymphatics.
The lesions are typically painless, and there is little
systemic illness. Untreated lesions may wax and wane
for years.
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV):
In (HIV)- infected patients with low CD4 counts,
disseminated sporotrichosis can occur.

It occurs most often in gardeners, especially those


who prune roses.
iii. REASON:
They may be stuck by a rose thorn.
iv. In the clinical laboratory, round or cigar-shaped
budding yeasts are seen in tissue specimens. In culture
at room temperature, hyphae occur bearing oval
conidia in clusters at the tip of slender
conidiophores( resembling a daisy ). The drug of choice
for skin lesions is itraconazole ( Sporanox ).
v. PREVENTION:
It can be prevented by protecting skin when touching
plants, moss, and wood.
B.CHROMOMYCOSIS
This is slowly progressive granulomatous infection.

2
CAUSE:
It is caused by several soil fungi ( fonsecaea, Phialophora,
Cladosporium, etc) when introduced into the skin through
trauma.
DERMATIACEOUS FUNGI:
These fungi are collectively called DEMATIACEOUS fungi,
because their conidia or hyphae are dark coloured, either
gray or black.
Wartlike lesions with crusting abscesses extend along the
lymphatics.
OCCURANCE:
In human: The disease occurs mainly in the tropics and is
found on bare feet and legs.
In the clinical laboratory: dark brown, round fungal cells are
seen in leukocytes or giant cells.

TREATMENT:
The disease is treated with:
 oral flucytosine or thiabendazole
 local surgery.
MYCETOMA

3
OCCURANCE:
Soil fungi (Petriellidium, Madurella ) enter through wounds on
the feet, hands or back and causes abscesses, with pus
discharge through sinuses. The pus contains compact colored
granules.
ACTINOMYCOTIC MYCETOMA: Actinomycetes such as
Nocardia can cause similar lesions (actinomycotic mycetoma).
Sulfonamides may help the actinomycotic form.
TREATMENT:
There is no effective drug against the fungal form.
Surgical excision is recommended.

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