Java Connector
MySQL provides connectivity for Java client applications with MySQL
Connector/J, a driver that implements the Java Database Connectivity
(JDBC) API. The API is the industry standard for database-independent
connectivity between the Java programming language and a wide range
of SQL databases, spreadsheets etc. The JDBC API can do the following
things :
● Establish a connection with a database or access any tabular data
source.
● Send SQL statements.
● Retrieve and process the results received from the database.
In the following section, we have discussed how to install, configure, and
develop database applications using MySQL Connector/J (JDBC driver).
MySQL Connector/J version :
Connector/J JDBC MySQL Server Status
version version version
5.1 3.0, 4.0 4.1, 5.0, 5.1, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7 Recommended version
5.0 3.0 4.1, 5.0 Released version
3.1 3.0 4.1, 5.0 Obsolete
3.0 3.0 3.x, 4.1 Obsolete
Download Connector/J :
MySQL Connector/J is the official JDBC driver for MySQL. You can
download the latest version of MySQL Connector/J binary or source
distribution from the following web site -
http://dev.MySQL.com/downloads/connector/j/
For Platform Independent select any one from the following :
For Microsoft Windows :
Installation
● You can install the Connector/J package drivers using either the
binary, binary installation or source installation.
● The binary method is easy which is a bundle of necessary libraries
and other files pre-built, with an installer program.
● The source installation method is important where you want to
customize or modify the installation process or for those platforms
where a binary installation package is not available.
● Apart from that solution, you manually add the Connector/J location
to your Java classpath.
● MySQL Connector/J is distributed as a .zip or .tar.gz archive
containing the sources, the class files.
● After extracting the distribution archive, you can install the driver by
placing MySQL-connector-java-version-bin.jar in your classpath,
either by adding the full path to it to your classpath environment
variable or by directly specifying it with the command line switch -cp
when starting the JVM.
● You can set the classpath environment variable under Unix, Linux or
Mac OS X either locally for a user within their .profile, .login or
another login file. You can also set it globally by editing the global
/etc/profile file.
For example add the Connector/J driver to your classpath using one of the
following forms, depending on your command shell :
# Bourne-compatible shell (sh, ksh, bash, zsh):
shell> export
CLASSPATH=/path/MySQL-connector-java-ver-bin.jar:$CLASSPATH
# C shell(csh, tcsh):
shell> setenv CLASSPATH
/path/MySQL-connector-java-ver-bin.jar:$CLASSPATH
In Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 and Windows Vista,
you can set the environment variable through the System Control Panel.
Install Java Connector on Microsoft Windows
Select and download the MSI installer packages from
http://dev.MySQL.com/downloads/connector/j/ as per your requirement.
Now follow the following steps :
Step -1 :
Double click the installer (here it is
"MySQL-connector-java-gpl-5.1.31.msi")
Step -2 :
Click on 'Run' and complete the process.
Connecting to MySQL using MySQL Connector/J
The following example shows how to connect/terminate and handle
errors. (Java version 7 Update 25 (build 1.7.0_25-b16))
Explanation :
To create a java jdbc connection to the database, you must import the
following java.sql package.
● import java.sql.Connection;
● import java.sql.DriverManager;
● import java.sql.SQLException;
Now we will make a class named 'test' and then the main method.
To create a connection to a database, the code is :
conn = DriverManager.getConnection (url, userName, password);
riverManager class defines objects which can connect
● The JDBC D
Java applications to a JDBC driver.
● DriverManager is the backbone of the JDBC architecture. The
DriverManager has a method called getConnection().
● The method uses a jdbc url, username and a password to establish a
connection to the database and returns a connection object.
● We have used the following url, username and password in the
above code.
○ The url string is "jdbc:MySQL://localhost/sakila" where the first
part "jdbc:MySQL://localhost" is the database type (here it is
MySQL) and server (here it is localhost). Rest part is the
database name (here it is 'sakila').
○ The user name for MySQL is defined inside the variable
'userName'.
○ The password for MySQL is defined inside the variable
'password'.
● The DriverManager attempts to connect to the database, if the
connection is successful, a Connection object is created, (here it is
called 'conn') and the program will display a message "Database
Connection Established..."
● If the connection fails (e.g. supplying wong password, host address
etc.) then you need to handle the situation. We are trapping the
error in catch part of the try … catch statement with appropriate
messages and finally close the connection.
Compile and Run it
● Assume that 'test.java' is stored in E:\ and
'MySQL-connector-java-5.1.31-bin.jar' is stored in "C:\Program
Files\MySQL\MySQL Connector J\".
Note : The class path is the path that the Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
searches for classes and other resource files. You can change the class
path by using the -classpath or -cp option of some Java commands when
you call the JVM or other JDK tools or by using the classpath environment
variable.
Querying data using MySQL Connector/J
Suppose we want to get the names (first_name, last_name), salary of the
employees who earn more than the average salary and who works in any
of the IT departments.
Structure of 'hr' database :
Compile and Run it
Assume that 'testsql.java' is stored in E:\ and
'MySQL-connector-java-5.1.31-bin.jar' is stored in "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL
Connector J\".
Note : The class path is the path that the Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
searches for classes and other resource files. You can change the class
path by using the -classpath or -cp option of some Java commands when
you call the JVM or other JDK tools or by using the classpath environment
variable.
