TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

Institute of Engineering
KHWOPA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Libali-2, Bhaktapur

LAB REPORT
ON
TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
Report No: 04

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

MANJESH MISHRA DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
074BCE038 KHWOPA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 2077/10/30

 Aggregate Impact Value Test

OBJECTIVES
1. To determine the impact value of aggregates.
2. To assess their suitability in road construction on the basis of impact value.

APPARATUS REQUIRED
The apparatus of the aggregate impact value test as per IS:2386(Part IV)-1963 consist of:
1. A testing machine weighing 45 to 60 kg and having a metal base with plane lower surface
not less than 30 cm in diameter. It is supported on level and plane concrete floor of
minimum 45 cm thickness. The machine should also have provision for fixing its base.
2. A cylindrical steel cup of internal diameter 102 mm depth 50 mm and minimum
thickness 6.3 mm.
3. A metal hammer or cup weighing 13.5 to 14 kg, the lower end is cylindrical in shape, is
50 mm long, 100 mm in diameter, with a 2mm chamfer at all the lower edge and case
hardened. The hammer should slide freely between vertical guides and should be
concentric with the cup. The free fall of the hammer should be within 380± 5 mm.
4. A cylindrical metal measure having internal diameter of 75 mm and depth 50 mm for
measuring aggregates.
5. Tamping rod 10 mm in diameter, and 230 mm long, rounded at one end.
6. A balance of capacity not less than 500 g, readable and accurate up to 0.1 gm.

THEORY
In physical meaning toughness is property of a material to resist impact. Due to movement
of vehicle on the road the aggregates are subjected to impact resulting in their breaking down
into smaller pieces. The aggregates should therefore have sufficient toughness to resist their
disintegration on due to impact. This characteristics is measured by impact value test. The
aggregate impact value is a determining measure of resistance to sudden impact or shock,
which may differ from its resistance to gradually applied compressive load. The test designed
to evaluate the resistance of the aggregates to fracture under repeated impacts or the
toughness of stone is called impact test. In this test aggregate impact value is determined.
Aggregate impact value is the percentage of fines produced from the aggregate sample after
subjecting it to a standard amount of impact. Aggregate Impact Values below 10 are regarded
as very strong, and above 35 would normally be regarded as too weak for use in road
surfaces.
 Fig: Aggregate Impact Test Set-up

Aggregate impact value is used to classify the stones in respect to their toughness
property as indicated below:

Aggregate Impact Value Classification

<10% Exceptionally strong
10-20% Strong
20-30% Satisfactory for road surfacing
>35% Weak for road surface

The Indian Road Congress has recommended the following values for different types
of road construction

S.N. Type of pavement Maximum aggregate impact

value %
 1. Bituminous surface dressing penetration
macadam, bituminous carpet concrete and 30
cement concrete
wearing course
2. Bitumen-bound-macadam, base course 35
3. WBM base course with bitumen surfacing 40
4. Cement concrete base course 45

PROCEDURE
The test sample consists of aggregates sized 10 mm to 12.5 mm. The aggregates
should be dried by heating at 100°C -110°C for a period of 4 hours and cooled.

1) First of all, the material was sieved through 12.5 mm and 10 mm IS sieve. The aggregates
passing through 12.5 mm and retaining on 10 mm sieve comprised the test material.
2) The aggregate was then poured to fill 1/3rd depth of measuring cylinder.
3) The material was compacted by giving 25 gentle blows with the rounded end of the
tamping rod.
4) Two more layers were added in similar manner, so that the cylinder was full.
5) The net weight of aggregates was determined to nearest gram (W1).
6) Then, the impact machine was brought to rest without wedging or packing upon the
level plate, block or floor, so that it was rigid and the hammer guide columns were
vertical.
7) The cup was fixed firmly in position in the base of machine and whole of the test sample
was placed in it and was compacted by giving 25 gentle blows with the tamping rod
8) The hammer was raised until its lower face is 380 mm above the surface of the aggregate
sample in the cup and was allowed to fall freely on the aggregate sample. 15 blows were
given at a constant interval of a second between successive falls.
9) The crushed aggregate was then removed from the cup and was sieved through 2.36
mm sieve until no further significant amount passed in one minute. The fraction passing
through the sieve was weighed to an accuracy of 1 gm (W2). Also, the retained fraction
was weighed.
10) Finally, the observation was noted and the impact value of aggregate was calculated.
The mean of the observed values was noted as the Aggregate Impact Value.
OBSERVATION TABLE

Observed Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3

Total Weight of Dry Sample(W1) 322 gm 326 gm 316 gm

Weight of portion passing 2.36 mm sieve= W2 86 gm 96 gm 98 gm

Aggregate impact value =

26.7% 29.45% 31.01%
(W2/W1)*100%

Mean Aggregate Impact Value = 29.05%

RESULT
Hence, The average impact value of the test sample is 29.05%.

CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION

Hence, Aggregate impact value of the sample was determined in the laboratory.

From the impact test performed, the impact value of aggregate is found to be 29.05% which
according to the classification of stones in respect to their toughness property implies that
the aggregate is strong enough and is satisfactory for road surfacing. This aggregate can be
used for wearing course, bituminous surface dressing, penetration macadam, bituminous
carpet concrete and cement concrete. During experiment, some errors might have occurred
which may be due to error in weighing machine and also due to inability to collect all of the
crushed aggregate for weighing.

PRECAUTIONS
1. In the operation of sieving, the aggregates through 2.36 mm sieve, the sum of weights
of fraction retained and passing sieve should not differ from the original weight of the
specimen by more than 1gm.
2. The plunger should be placed centrally so that it falls directly on the aggregate sample
and should not touch the walls of the cylinder in order to ensure that the entire load is
transmitted on to the aggregates.
3. Tamping should be done properly by gently dropping the tamping rod and not by
hammering action. Also, the tamping should be uniform over the surface of the
aggregate taking care that the tamping rod does not frequently strike against the walls
of the mould.
4. All the metal parts should be greased.
5. Equipment should be cleaned before and after use.