RESEARCH PROPOSAL

1.0 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

“The aim of education should be to teach us rather how to think-rather to

improve our minds, so as to enable as to think for ourselves, than to load the
memory with the thought of other man”.
-Billi Beattie
Youth is the season of hope, enterprise and energy, to a nation a well as an
individual where adolescence is regarded as the limelight of any individual.
Adolescence, is one of the most fascinating period of human life. It is
considered as the best of times, the worst of times. It is the age or foolishness.
It makes the transition from being a dependent child to an independently
functional adult.
According to Mc Kinney et.al (1982) defined as “The onset of puberty
which includes a relatively rapid growth of the body including all the organs
and system as well as maturation of primary sex characteristics and
development of secondary sex characteristics”.
Culturally this is the period of transaction from dependence of childhood to
a relative autonomy of adulthood. Psychologically this is the period of
adjustment to the physical and social changes which distinguish childhood
behaviour from adult behaviour.
.
2.0 TITLE OF STUDY

A STUDY ON INFERIORITY FEELINGS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENTS IN THITTAKUDI TALUK.

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3.0 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The hypotheses formulated at the beginning of the study have been

examined in the light of the data gathered. The following are the main
findings of the present investigation.

1. The level of “ A study on inferiority feeling of the high school students is

moderate.
2. There is no significant difference in inferiority feeling among high school
students with respect to gender.
3. There is significant difference in inferiority feeling among high school
students with respect to region.
4. There is significant difference in inferiority feeling among high school
students with respect to type of management.
5. There is no significant difference in inferiority feeling among high school
students with respect to religion.
6. There is no significant difference in inferiority feeling among high school
students with respect to type of school.

4.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Irizarry, Jason(2014) conducted a study on “A Hidden part of

Me”; Latino/ a students, silencing and the epidermalization of inferiority.
Using Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Latino/a Critical Race Theory (LatCrit)
as analytical tools, this article examines the experiences of a seven Latino/a
high school student at various points of engagement with the school-to-prison
pipeline. Building on and extending Franz Fanon's (1952) concept of the
epidermalization of inferiority, the authors demonstrate the nuanced ways that
institutional racism and other interrelated forms of oppression function to
contribute to a sense of internalized oppression among Latino/a youth. We
critically examine the ways in which dialogue and collaborative research
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undertaken in a supportive classroom atmosphere can help students move from
feeling shame and guilt to having an enhanced critical understanding of their
experiences with incarceration, including an analysis of their own involvement
with the school-to-prison pipeline.

Kazukihirao (2014) conducted a study on “Aimed to compare

inferiority feelings among three personality groups an Auto telic personality
(AP), an average(AV) group, and a non- auto telic personality (NAP) group”.
This study was a cross-sectional survey among 148 undergraduate students
aged 18-24 undertaken in Okayama, Japan. Participants completed the Flow
Experience Checklist and Inferiority Feelings Scale. With the number of flow
activities, participants were classified into three groups: 3+ for AP (n = 28,
18.9%), 1-2 for AV (n = 72, 48.6%), and 0 for NAP (n = 48, 32.4%). One-way
analysis of variance showed significant differences among the three groups
with respect to the Inferiority Feelings Scale. Multiple comparison analysis
using Turkey’s test showed that inferiority feelings in AP were significantly
less pronounced than in the NAP group. The results of this study indicated that
AP was lesser than NAP in association with pronounced inferiority feelings.

Rajeswari, kenchappanavar (2012) conducted a study on “Relation

between inferiority complex and Frustration in adolescents”. The present study
is an attempt to investigate the relationship between inferiority complex and
frustration in adolescents. It was conjectured that inferiority complex in
adolescents is positively correlated with Frustration resulting in reactions of
Aggression, Resignation, Fixation and Regression. The sample comprised of
100 pre- University college students in the age range of 16-18. The results
revealed that inferiority complex correlated significantly with Frustration. The
correlation was specifically high on Aggression (r=0.516), Regression
(r=0.413) and Frustration on the whole (r=0.516). Further regression analysis
was carried out to see whether Frustration would predict inferiority complex.
If was revealed that Frustration significantly predicts inferiority complex.

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 Akthar, sajjad Hayat (2009) conducted a study on “The Impact of
Talibanization on the education of IDP’s”. The study looked into a descriptive
research to evaluate the impact of talibanization on the education of IDP's in
NWFP (Pakistan). The study has defined the needs, problems and
opportunities, contribution of NGO's and emerging trends of IDP's regarding
madrassa education/ general education. The main focus of the study was the
needs and contribution of NGO's towards the development of IDP's education.
Data was collected through survey and questionnaire. Main objectives of the
study were to determine the needs, problems, opportunities, contribution of
NGO's towards the development of IDP's education and emerging trends of
IDP's. The following results were made by the researcher in the light of
analysis of the data. Majority of the IDP's students suffer inferiority complex
due to displacement. Majority of the students were not satisfied with the
camps teachers; in addition books were not available for students. Further; AV
aids were not being used comprehensively in camps for the motivation of
student. There were no recreation and games facilities in camps as well in
schools. In adequacy and leakage of funds was also found. Majority of the
respondents were not satisfied with the NGO's role. The respondents were not
in favor of talibanization. Majority of the respondents were in favor of army
control. Majority of respondents stated that Taliban were responsible for such
a terrible situation. Majority of the respondents were satisfied with the
behavior of school staff. Lack of provision of guidance and counseling was
also noticed. As for as objectives of the study were concerned, they were: (1)
To identify the needs of IDP's in NWFP; (2) To find out the problems faced by
IDP's; (3) To determine the opportunities of education for IDP's in camps/
schools; (4) To point out the contribution of NGO's / Govt. towards the
development of IDP's education; and (5) To know the emerging trends of
IDP's regarding maddressa education / general education evaluate the
prevailing problems, opportunities and emerging trends of IDP's towards
madrassa / general education. Education as it has been rightly said by
philosophers is not the name of particular activity or process. So education has

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always been very highly valued and has been a major force behind the social
and cultural life of every society. The following hypotheses were drawn to be
tested by the present study: (1) There is no significant difference in the status
of education in their permanent residential areas as well as in camps / schools;
(2) There is no significant difference in the problems / issues of education in
their permanent residential areas as well as in schools/ camps; and (3) There is
no significant difference in the scope and opportunities of education in their
residential areas as well as in camps / schools. Data was collected through
survey and questionnaire. Self-assessment questionnaire was administered on
sampled IDP's students in district Mardan from primary to secondary level.
Total camps, govt. schools and IDP's were taken as a population of the study.
In June 2009 totals no of (495) govt. primary middle and high school in
Mardan district of NWFP were taken as population no 1. In the period of study
total no of (2) camps were taken as a population no. 2. 19172 IDP's students
were taken as a population no. 3. Govt. school, camps and IDP's students total
population 1, 2 and 3 were taken as a sample 1, 2 and 3 i.e. 30%, 100%, and
30% respectively. A bibliography is included.

Stoll, Clarice S and McPartland, James (2008) conducted a study on

“Inferiority, Efficacy, and Race”. Racial, sex, and family background
differences of ninth- and twelfth-grade students in feelings of individual
control over environment were analyzed from the data of the Coleman Report.
For the ninth-grade group of black students the situational components of
social class level of classmates, racial composition of the classroom, and close
friendships were studied. Family background differences and alternative
situational factors were statistically controlled to determine their relationship
with feelings of destiny control. Each situational component was significantly
related to students' feelings of powerlessness, but only classroom racial
composition remained significant when the other factors were controlled as
well. For the twelfth-grade sample of white and black students the results were
interpreted to show that racial and sex differences in feelings of destiny control

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 were explained more by measures of social inferiority than by indicators of
class or family structure.

Kastle, Kenneth D (2008)Examinedstates that, for more than 20 years,

public educators have developed a professional inferiority complex and a
strong sense of hopelessness. After all, he claims, the dominant message over
those years, including from some within the profession, has been that
educators have caused the declining quality in public schools. Educators have
failed and continue to fail the nation and its children. They caused the decline
in the nation's economic competitiveness. Educators have placed the nation at
risk. Sadly, this critique of the education profession has been trumpeted for so
long and by so many that it is accepted uncritically as fact. Saddest of all is
that, when educators are told often and by many that there are low
expectations for them, they begin to believe it and act like it. Politicians do not
have the answers that schools need. The author contends that it is time for
educators to stop indulging in self-blame and to stand up forcefully for what
the profession believes is best for children.

Hochschild and Jennifer(2007) conducted a study on “Affirmative

Action and inferiority feeling”. Challenges the view that, in a meritocratic
society, affirmative action in higher education does personal and professional
harm to those whom it ostensibly benefits. The author contends that, in most
cases, those who are granted preferences are neither professionally diminished
nor hurt by personal or societal feelings that they are unqualified or that their
benefits are undeserved. (GR)

5.0 HYPOTHESES

1. There is no significant difference between male and female students with

respect to their inferiority feelings.
2. There is no significant difference between rural and urban students with
respect to their inferiority feelings.

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 3. There is no significant difference in the mean scores of inferiority feelings
of high school students belonging to various type of management.
4. There is no significant difference in the mean scores of inferiority feelings
of high school students belonging to various religion.
5. There is no significant difference in the mean scores of inferiority feelings
of high school student belonging to type of school.
6. There is no significant difference in the mean scores of inferiority feelings
of high school students belonging to qualification of father.

6.0 METHODS

 It gather data from a relatively large number of cases

 It provides information useful for the solution of local problem

 It requires expects imaginative planning

 It is more reliable

 It requires careful analysis and interpretation of the data gathered

6.1 SUBJECTS

A Sample may be said to be the small portion of a population. Selected for

collecting information. The sample of the present study consisted from 5 schools
in Thittakudi Taluk . The sample was collected by using random sampling
techniques.
The main delimitations of the study are
 The investigator has taken only 340 students as the sample for the
present study
 The study has been delimited to the schools in Thittakudi taluk only
 The study is restricted only to government and private and
government aided high school.

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6.2 PROCEDURE

The data are necessary for carrying all research investigation. It must be
collected with some special instruments of devices. The successful outcome of
the research mainly depends upon the proper selection of research tool. So the
investigator used the following tool. Inferiority feeling scale was constructed and
standardized by Balasubramaniyam (2007).

This scale consists of 22 statements. Each statement set against three

responses. An individual score is sum of the scores for the 22 statements. For
scoring, weight of three is given to ‘Agree’ response, two for ‘Partially Agree’
and a weight of one is given to ‘Disagree’ .a total score of the students reveals
their inferiority feelings.

The different aspects of the survey method followed by the

investigator for the present study are explained under the following heads:

1. The sample
2. Delimitation ofthe study
3. Tools used for the study
4. Data collectionprocedure
5. Scoring procedure
6. Statistical Techniques used

6.3 DATA ANALYSIS

The data collected from the sample were analyzed using appropriate
statistical techniques like percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, ‘t’
test, ANOVA followed by Scheffee’s procedure and Pearson’s product

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 moment methods of correlation and Regression. The results of the analysis are
presented under the following sections.

1. Descriptive analysis and

2. Differential analysis

The descriptive analysis of the data involves computing measures of

central tendency as the mean and the measures of variable like standard
deviation.

Differential analysis involves the most important procedure by which the

researchers make inferences involving the determination of the statistical
significance of differences between groups. It involves ‘t’ test, which is
numerical procedure that taken into account of the size of mean difference
between two groups, the number of students in each group and amount of
variation to determine whether the mean performance of the groups are
significantly differ or not.

ANOVA

Professor R.A. Fisher was the first man to use the term ‘variance’. It
developed a very elaborate theory concerning ANOVAs explaining its usefulness
in practical fields. In differential analysis, if the number of variables is more than
two. ‘F’ ratio is administrated with help of ANOVA. In the present study
ANOVA s is used to find out the significant difference between religion, type of
management, type of school father’s occupation, mother’s occupation, father’s
educational qualification and mother’s educational qualification in higher
secondary students.