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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK START GUIDE.............................................................................................................. 4
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................... 5
SECTION 1: An Overview of ATP Monitoring Systems .................................................... 7
1.1 What is ATP? ............................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Measuring ATP with bioluminescence technology .................................................. 7
1.3 Interpreting results on the luminometer ....................................................................... 8
1.4 Other uses for ATP monitoring systems ........................................................................ 9
SECTION 2: Using Your ATP Monitoring System ............................................................ 10
2.1 Proper sampling technique and activation procedure ........................................10
2.1.1 Collecting samples with the testing device .............................................10
2.1.2 Measuring ATP with SystemSURE Plus and EnSURE .........................13
2.1.3 Ensuring correct results with calibration controls ...............................14
2.2 Where to do ATP testing .....................................................................................................15
2.2.1 Establishing your facility’s test locations (control points) ................15
2.2.2 Types of contact areas .....................................................................................15
2.2.3 Diagram of typical production floor control points ............................17
2.2.4 Monitoring individual control points ..........................................................18
2.2.5 Setting up test plans..........................................................................................19
2.3 Determining RLU limits for your facility ......................................................................20
2.3.1 Setting up RLU limits .........................................................................................20
2.3.2 General Pass/Caution/Fail limits .................................................................22
2.3.3 Storing and viewing RLU limit data ............................................................23
2.4 Testing frequency ..................................................................................................................24
2.5 Corrective action procedures ...........................................................................................25
2.6 Continuous improvement...................................................................................................27
SECTION 3: Further Help ................................................................................................... 28
3.1 Glossary ......................................................................................................................................28
3.2 Typical RLU limit guidelines..............................................................................................29
3.3 Contact Hygiena .....................................................................................................................30
Hygiena - Americas ......................................................................................................30
Hygiena International ..................................................................................................30
Hygiena China .................................................................................................................30
Hygiena Online ...............................................................................................................30
Notes ..................................................................................................................................... 31

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 QUICK START GUIDE
Proper Sampling Procedure

1. Identify the location to be tested and turn on the luminometer. Select the test location from the
programmed locations. Remove the ATP testing device from the outer tube. If conducting a surface
test, press firmly down on the swab tip and collect a sample from a 10 x 10 cm (4 x 4 in) area. Use a
side-to-side and up-and-down motion while rotating the swab tip.
2. Place the swab back into the swab tube. The ATP testing device is now ready to be activated or
can be left inactive for up to 4 hours. Once activated, the test must be read within 60 seconds.
3. To activate, break the plastic valve at the top of the device by bending the bulb backward and
forward. Squeeze the bulb twice to expel the liquid in the bulb to the bottom of the tube.
4. Bathe the swab bud in the liquid by shaking gently in a side-to-side motion for 5-10 seconds.
5. Place the entire test device into the luminometer and close the lid.
6. Holding the luminometer in a vertical position, press ‘OK’ to initiate reading. The test result
will appear on the screen in 15 seconds.

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INTRODUCTION
Hygiena ATP Monitoring Systems

In today’s market, impeccable hygiene control is an increasingly critical issue for

industries involved in the manufacturing and distribution of consumable products.
Hygiena’s ATP monitoring systems offer a state-of-the-art solution for organizations
seeking to monitor and improve cleanliness.

Recognized worldwide for accuracy, ease-of-use and affordability, the SystemSURE

Plus and EnSURE ATP monitoring systems are used extensively by food and beverage
processors, hospitals, pharmaceutical manufacturers, restaurants, supermarkets,
janitorial/sanitation services and other industries where cleanliness is critical.

The following are some of the benefits experienced by companies using ATP
monitoring:

 Instantly assess the cleanliness of production surfaces, allowing

immediate corrective action to be taken before production begins

 Reduce the use of conventional microbiological testing methods that are

slow, labor intensive and costly

 Enhance cleaning and sanitation training with immediate performance

feedback

 Optimize cleaning chemicals, equipment and labor so that the plant can
maintain a high cleanliness level without an excessive amount of waste

 Standardize the level of cleanliness and verify efforts of sanitation

personnel

 Ensure product quality and avoid recalls which will protect brand image
and reputation

 Increase product quality and extend shelf-life by preventing product

residues and other contamination from coming in contact with new
product
 Record and track test results to identify problem areas, make
improvements and show due diligence and compliance with HACCP,
Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOPs) and industry
regulations

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Components of ATP Monitoring Systems
Hygiena ATP monitoring systems are comprised of three core components:
(1) Luminometer
(2) Test devices
(3) Data tracking software

SystemSURE Plus EnSURE

EnSURE offers twice the sensitivity of SystemSURE Plus.

SystemSURE Plus is compatible with: EnSURE is compatible with:

UltraSnap – surface ATP

UltraSnap – surface ATP
AquaSnap – liquid ATP
AquaSnap – liquid ATP
SuperSnap – allergen prevention/protein residue
MicroSnap – microorganism detection
ZymoSnap – alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
CrossCheck- acid phosphatase (ACP)

SureTrend Data Analysis Software

SureTrend is a powerful software program that

allows users to upload test results to a database,
analyze trends, and generate reports.

Hygiena’s luminometer, sample testing devices

and software are all designed to be easy-to-use
and reliable, enabling both technical and non-
technical staff to operate the monitoring systems
without difficulty.

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SECTION 1: An Overview of ATP Monitoring Systems

A key feature of ATP monitoring systems is the use of bioluminescence technology to

identify and measure adenosine triphosphate, commonly known as ATP.

1.1 What is ATP?

ATP is an energy molecule found in all plant, animal and microbial cells. It fuels
metabolic processes such as cellular reproduction, muscle contraction, plant
photosynthesis, respiration in fungi, and fermentation in yeast. All organic
matter (living or once-living) contains ATP, including food, bacteria, mold and
other microorganisms. The detection of ATP on a surface or in water therefore
indicates the presence of biological matter that may not otherwise be visible
to the eye. In industries where plant hygiene control or cleanliness is crucial,
ATP testing is an excellent tool for detecting and measuring biological matter
that should not be present after cleaning.

1.2 Measuring ATP with bioluminescence technology

Hygiena ATP testing devices contain a natural enzyme found in fireflies. This
enzyme, called luciferase, produces a simple bioluminescence (light-
producing) reaction when it comes into contact with ATP. Using
bioluminescence technology, the SystemSURE Plus and EnSURE luminometers
can measure extremely low levels of ATP collected with testing devices.
Measuring the amount of bioluminescence from an ATP reaction provides an
excellent indication of surface cleanliness or water quality because the
quantity of light generated by the
reaction is directly proportional to the
amount of ATP present in the sample.
The bioluminescence reaction is
immediate so results can be processed
at the testing site in seconds. Results are
expressed numerically on the
luminometer screen in Relative Light
Units (RLU).

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1.3 Interpreting results on the luminometer

The relationship between the amount of ATP collected in a sample and the
RLU result displayed on the luminometer is linear, which makes understanding
the technology very easy.
The RLU reading is directly proportional to the amount of ATP collected from
the sample. A high RLU reading indicates a large amount of ATP at the test
location. This in turn indicates improper cleaning and the presence of potential
contaminants.
Cleaning properly results in less ATP at the location. Lower ATP levels produce
smaller amounts of light output during the bioluminescence reaction and
consequently, a lower RLU reading.

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1.4 Other uses for ATP monitoring systems

In addition to routine ATP monitoring, other useful applications for ATP monitoring
systems include:

 Troubleshooting – ATP testing provides a way to expose microbial

contamination and other issues that might be causing higher than normal
plate counts in environmental testing.

 New equipment cleaning verification – When a new piece of equipment

is added, new cleaning processes are usually required. An ATP system
helps determine the optimal process and chemicals.

 Training – New cleaning and sanitation staff requires extensive training.

Showing a trainee proper and improper processes and the effect on
equipment cleanliness is invaluable.

 Validation of hand cleanliness – ATP testing can be used to verify proper

hand-washing techniques and cleanliness of employees’ hands when
used directly on skin. When doing this type of testing, it is important to
identify appropriate pass/fail levels taking into account naturally occurring
ATP levels from skin cells. To learn more about using ATP testing to verify
hand cleanliness, contact a Hygiena representative.

 Additional rapid quality tests – Hygiena’s EnSURE monitoring system

does more than just ATP testing. With same day tests for specific and
indicator organisms, allergens, and more, EnSURE can deliver a full picture
of plant hygiene on one handheld system. EnSURE is easy-to-use so it’s
not necessary to be a microbiologist or lab technician. Additionally, all
tests measured on the EnSURE monitoring system are recorded and
tracked with SureTrend software. For information on all tests available for
EnSURE, visit [Link].

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SECTION 2: Using Your ATP Monitoring System

Proper sampling, correct use of luminometer and testing devices, and

accurate data management are crucial components of a successfully
implemented ATP monitoring program.

This section will explain how to:

 Collect a sample using UltraSnap, SuperSnap, or AquaSnap tests
 Use the SystemSURE Plus or EnSURE luminometer
 Determine where and when to test control points
 Set Pass/Caution/Fail limits
 Determine corrective action procedures

2.1 Proper sampling technique and activation procedure

Before collecting a sample for testing, the surface should be visibly clean. If
any soiling or residue is apparent, re-clean the area before testing.

If testing occurs in real-time at the sampling location, turn on the luminometer

and scroll through the program numbers (PROG) to find the program that
correlates to the location being tested. This action should be taken prior to
activating the test.

2.1.1 Collecting samples with the testing device

1. Remove the testing device from the pouch. Next,

remove the outer tube by holding onto the double ring
base of the Snap-Valve while pulling down on the tube.
The swab tip comes pre-moistened with an extractant
that breaks through biofilm on test surfaces.
Condensation may be visible on the inside of the swab
tube. This is normal. Do not touch the swab tip or shaft
with fingers or anything else, as this will contaminate
the test. Discard any swabs that accidentally get
contaminated or activated.
NOTE: For optimal performance, swabs that have been removed from cold
storage should stand for 10 minutes at room temperature before use.

2. Collect a sample using the guidelines below. The test device is designed to
detect trace amounts of contamination. Collecting a sample on a visibly
dirty surface may interfere with the bioluminescence reaction and
produce an inaccurate test result.

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Incorrect swabbing technique:
Touching the swab shaft with
your finger.
X
Lightly touching the swab to the
sample area.
Collecting sample on only one
side of swab tip.
Swabbing an inadequate
surface area.

Correct swabbing technique:

✔
No contact with the swab shaft.
Sufficient pressure to create
flex in the swab shaft. This
helps to break through any
biofilm.
Rotate the swab to collect
sample on all sides of swab tip.
Swabbing a 10x10 cm (4x4 in)
area (where possible).

a) Regular surfaces

Swab a 10 x 10 cm (4 x 4 in) square on the test

surface, making a criss-cross pattern as shown.

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 b) Irregular surfaces

Where 10 x 10 cm square sampling is not feasible,

swab as much of the surface as possible. Be sure that a
bend in the shaft is achieved and an adequate sample
is collected.

Note: Consistent swabbing pattern on irregular surfaces,

such as a mixing blade, is necessary to ensure reliable
and repeatable results over time. All individuals
responsible for performing swab tests should be trained
on correct swabbing pattern for irregular and regular surface
test sites.

c) Liquid sampling – Use AquaSnap

Dip AquaSnap honeycomb dipper in sample of water

being tested. If the water is not homogenous or
contains sediment, mix thoroughly before sampling.

3. Re-insert the swab into the tube. The test device is now
ready to be activated. A test with an active sample on it
can be left inactivated for up to 4 hours in this state. In
some facilities, users prefer to sample each location,
write the sample location on the swab tube, and run all
tests in a laboratory rather than at the test location. The
most common process is to activate and read the test
immediately after collecting the sample.

4. Holding the device upright, activate the test device by

bending the bulb at the top until the Snap-Valve breaks,
then bend once more in the opposite direction. Squeeze
the bulb twice to expel the liquid-stable reagent
contained in the bulb and allow it to flow to the bottom
of the tube.

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 5. Gently shake the device with a side-to-side motion for 5-
10 seconds, bathing the swab bud in the liquid-stable
reagent. The test is now activated and the
bioluminescence reaction is taking place. For optimal
results, the test should be run on the luminometer as
soon as possible, and within 60 seconds of activation.

2.1.2 Measuring ATP with SystemSURE Plus and EnSURE luminometers

1. Open the lid on the luminometer and insert the activated

testing device into the reading chamber. Close the lid,
making sure to keep the machine in an upright position.

2. Press “OK” to initiate measurement. Results are displayed

on the screen in 15 seconds.

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2.1.3 Ensuring correct results with calibration controls

To help ensure the accuracy of test results, the luminometer automatically self-
calibrates every time the instrument is turned on. In some facilities, a quality or risk
assessment program such as ISO or HACCP might require additional calibration
checks of the system. Hygiena offers two calibration kits that are recommended for
periodic use with your system: the Calibration Control Rod Kit for testing the
luminometer and the Positive Control Kit for testing ATP test devices.

Calibration Control Rod Kit (Catalog# PCD4000)

It is recommended that calibration of the luminometer is verified with
the Calibration Control Kit once a month for audit record-keeping
purposes. Incorporating the Calibration Control Kit into an ATP
monitoring program will confirm that the instrument is within
specifications and operating correctly.

Each kit contains a positive rod and negative rod. The positive rod
emits a very low level of constant light output that can be measured in
RLUs to verify proper calibration of the unit. The negative rod produces
zero (0) RLU and is used to check that background light is not entering
the instrument, while ensuring that the light detector is calibrating
correctly. The Calibration Control Rod Kit is good for five years of
repeated use.

Positive Control Kit (Catalog # CK25)

The Positive Control Kit is used for validating the efficacy and quality of the
UltraSnap ATP Testing Device. It comes with 25 sealed glass vials, each of which
contain a certain amount (approx. 5 x 10-13 moles) of freeze-dried ATP and sugars to
provide a predictable result if test devices are used and stored correctly.

Each vial provides a sample which

produces a positive result within a
range. Positive controls should be
used whenever there is concern
about the product’s storage
temperature or shelf life.
Incorporating the Positive Control
Kit into the quality program will
validate results of the luminometer
and ATP testing devices.

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2.2 Where to do ATP testing

2.2.1 Establishing your facility’s test locations (control points)

Test areas within your plant should be designated as “ATP control points” in
your ATP hygiene monitoring plan. By monitoring these control points you will
have reliable, real-time feedback on the cleanliness of a particular piece of
equipment or areas being tested. It’s important that ATP testing be routinely
performed on all important control points. This will ensure product quality,
identify issues immediately, and allow valuable trending data to be used to
improve plant hygiene.

If you currently have HACCP or sanitation standard operating procedure

(SSOP) programs in place, you will most likely have identified your control
points that are contact and non-contact surfaces. Verification of cleanliness
for these control points is sometimes done visually or by environmental
microbiology samples. Start with these control points. Control points can be
added or subtracted as your program develops.

If you haven’t previously established control points, you need to determine

areas where poor cleaning could affect product quality. This can be done by
swabbing multiple areas on equipment and production line surfaces after
routine cleaning. ATP levels will be higher in those spots that are harder to
clean, spots that are missed in your current cleaning procedure, and spots
that have developed biofilm. These areas should be established as control
points for routine testing and monitoring.

2.2.2 Types of contact areas

a) Direct contact areas

Direct contact areas are surfaces that

come in contact with product being
processed. These are high-risk areas
that should be tested frequently to
verify cleanliness. They will typically
have a low RLU limit.

Examples: conveyor belt, cutting board,

slicers, grinders, moving bins or totes,
utensils, etc.

A direct contact surface, such as a

conveyer, could be tested in a few

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different places of to verify total cleanliness. One test
device could be used on multiple spots. If the test fails,
then re-cleaning of the entire piece of equipment is
required.

b) Indirect contact areas

Indirect contact areas are locations

where splashed product or
contaminants can be dropped,
drained, or transferred onto the
product. These areas are often
overlooked as sources of
contamination and should be routinely
tested.

Examples: drain, side walls, machine

buttons/controls, and additional
machine parts that don’t directly
contact product but if contamination is allowed to build, could
cause microbial contamination that could then spread.

An indirect contact area, such as the side of a conveyer

belt, should be tested in a few different spots to verify
total cleanliness.

c) Hard-to-clean contact areas

Hard-to-clean areas have a high

potential to harbor bacterial growth
and should be tested regularly.

Examples: mixing blades, hoses, O-

rings, nozzles, corners, grooves, cracks,
joints or areas with irregularly shaped
surfaces,

A hard-to-clean area, such as a mixing

blade, should be tested in a few
different places to verify total
cleanliness.

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2.2.3 Diagram of typical production floor control points

Below is an example of a production floor plan. Direct contact surfaces are

indicated with a red rectangle, and indirect contact areas with a blue circle.

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2.2.4 Monitoring individual control points
Once control points have been identified, this information should be entered into
SureTrend software. In SureTrend software, locations may be identified by assigning
an alphanumeric name, group category, surface type, and additional notes. Group
and surface information is only displayed in the software and not displayed on the
handset. Locations may be assigned to test plans according to when they will be
tested or which locations should be tested together.

Below is an example of a spreadsheet created with SureTrend software.

Prog # Location Group Surface Lower Upper

0 Calibration Control Calibration Control
1 Line A Raw Mat. Bin Bin Carts Plastic 10 30
2 Liquid Coating Belt Line A Plastic 10 30
3 Table 1 Line A Stainless 10 30
4 Table 2 Line A Stainless 10 30
5 Conveyer Line A Plastic 10 30
6 Line B Raw Mat. Bin Bin Carts Plastic 10 30
7 Hopper Line B Stainless 10 30
8 Flume Line B Stainless 10 30
9 Up Conveyer Line B Plastic 10 30
10 Table 3 Line B Stainless 10 30
11 Table 4 Line B Stainless 10 30
12 Conveyer Line B Plastic 10 30
13 Chute Line B Stainless 10 30
14 Slicer Line B Stainless 10 30
15 Down Conveyer Line B Plastic 10 30
16 X-Ray Line B Plastic 10 30
17 End Belt Line B Plastic 10 30
18 Line C Raw Mat. Bin Bin Carts Plastic 10 30
19 Hopper Line C Stainless 10 30
20 Shaker Line C Stainless 10 30
21 Flume Line C Stainless 10 30
22 Blades Line C Stainless 10 30
23 Conveyer Line C Plastic 10 30
24 Top Insp. Belt Line C Plastic 10 30
25 Bottom Insp. Belt Line C Plastic 10 30
26 Warm Roller Line C Stainless 10 30
27 Cold Roller Line C Stainless 10 30
28 Line A Crate Crates Plastic 10 30
29 Line B Crate Crates Plastic 10 30
30 Line C Crate Crates Plastic 10 30
31 Reject Bin 1 Bin Carts Plastic 10 30
32 Reject Bin 2 Bin Carts Plastic 10 30
33 Reject Bin 3 Bin Carts Plastic 10 30
34 Reject Bin 4 Bin Carts Plastic 10 30
35 On/Off Mechanism Hand Washing Stainless 10 30
36 Basin Hand Washing Stainless 10 30
37 Drain 1 Drains Stainless 100 300
38 Drain 2 Drains Stainless 100 300
39 Drain 3 Drains Stainless 100 300
40 Drain 4 Drains Stainless 100 300

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2.2.5 Setting up test plans

Once locations and limits have been input into SureTrend software, test plans may
then be set up. See the SureTrend Users Manual for steps on setting up test plans.

Test plans are groups of locations that are tested one after each other, grouped
together, or tested on a specific day.

Here are some examples of test plans using the production floor on page 17:

Tables Conveyors Bins and Crates

Table 1 Line A Conveyer Line A Raw Mat. Bin
Table 2 Line B Up Conveyer Line B Raw Mat. Bin
Table 3 Line B Conveyer Line C Raw Mat. Bin
Table 4 Line B Down Conveyer Line A Crate
Line B End Belt Line B Crate
Line C Conveyer Line C Crate
Top Insp. Belt Reject Bin 1
Lower Insp. Belt Reject Bin 2
Reject Bin 3
Reject Bin 4

Line A Line B Line C

Liquid Coating Belt Hopper Hopper
Table 1 Flume Shaker
Table 2 Up Conveyer Flume
Conveyer Table 3 Blades
Table 4 Conveyer
Conveyer Top Insp. Belt
Chute Bottom Insp. Belt
Slicer Warm Roller
Down Conveyer Cold Roller
X-Ray
End Belt

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2.3 Determining RLU limits for your facility

Setting correct Pass, Caution and Fail levels is a fundamental part of running a
successful ATP monitoring program. RLU limits may vary depending on the
type of product being manufactured as well as the surface being checked.
However, the formulas used to determine Pass, Caution and Fail levels are
always the same.

Hygiena also provides general recommended RLU limits, which meet most
manufacturers’ hygiene standards. Examples of some typical limit guidelines
specific to the food and beverage industry can be found in Typical RLU limit
guidelines, in Section 3.2.

2.3.1 Setting up RLU limits

1. Clean product surfaces to the level that daily cleaning procedures should
achieve.

2. Conduct an ATP test at each location. Take 5-10 replicate tests at each
cleaned location, being sure not to swab the same exact surface area
more than once.
Correct Incorrect

All replicate tests can be done on the cleaned surface or equipment after
one cleaning or over the course of several days.

3. To determine the Pass limit: Calculate the average RLU for each location
based on the 5-10 test results. To do this, add all test results, and then
divide the sum by the number of tests taken. The resulting number is your
average RLU. This number is your Pass limit.

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4. To determine the Fail limit:

1. Multiplication method: Multiply the Pass limit by 3.

2. Standard deviation method: Determine the standard deviation of
test results, multiply the standard deviation by 3, and add this to
the Pass limit.

The resulting number is your Fail limit. If the Fail limit is zero (0), it is
acceptable to set the Pass limit to the system default of 10 RLU.
Occasionally, blank ATP test devices may emit up to 2 RLU.

5. To determine the Caution* limit: The area between the Pass and Fail
limits is the Caution range.

*NOTE: The Caution range is sometimes useful for trend analysis and eliminating an excessive
amount of re-cleans when an ATP program is implemented. Caution results can be viewed as
a warning and more attention should be given to this location the next time cleaning is done.
Often, a caution one day will be a Pass the next day. However, users may opt to forgo the
Caution range and set the Fail limit to the same RLU as Pass limit. Any result over the Pass
limit is then considered a Fail result.

The following table uses example data to illustrate average RLU and Pass/
Caution/Fail limits using the multiplication method:

Average
Test 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RLU

Routine
10 15 8 19 10 13 17 14 15 11 13.2
cleaning

The data in this example would then yield the following RLU limits:

Pass Caution Fail

0-13 14 - 35 36+

If a user chose to eliminate the Caution zone, RLU limits for Pass and Fail
would both be set to 13 to yield the following RLU limits:

Pass Fail

0-13 14+

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 NOTE: Different surfaces have different levels of risk, and therefore may
require different RLU limits. For example, porous plastic or rubber surfaces
may be more difficult to clean than stainless steel surfaces, and therefore
produce higher ATP test results. In this case, the user may choose to: 1) set
RLU limits higher for those harder-to-clean areas; or 2) intensify cleaning to
bring ATP test results on those surfaces in line with other control points.

2.3.2 General Pass/Caution/Fail limits

For facilities that opt not to set their own RLU limits, Hygiena offers general
guidelines. These are common limits used for ATP hygiene monitoring, and are
based on plate count and ATP correlation studies.

RLU Pass Caution Fail

SystemSURE Plus 10 11 – 29 30

EnSURE 20 21 – 59 60

For more information on these general limits, contact a Hygiena representative.

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2.3.3 Storing and viewing RLU limit data

Once RLU limits are established, they can be programmed into SureTrend
software and then uploaded from the software to the luminometer. For
information on how to do this, refer to the SureTrend User’s Manual. RLU limits
can also be manually entered into the luminometer (consult the Luminometer
Operator’s Manual for details).

Once limits have been entered into

the luminometer, upper () and
lower () limits are displayed
numerically on the screen for each
PROG location.

After running an ATP test, Pass/Caution/Fail results will display on the

luminometer as follows:

(Pass) - For any RLU reading that is less than or equal to the
Pass limit. A Pass result indicates the surface is clean.

(Caution) - For any RLU reading that is greater than the Pass
limit and less than the Fail limit. A Caution result
indicates the surface may not have been adequately
cleaned.

(Fail) - For any RLU reading that is greater than the Fail limit.
A Fail result indicates the surface is dirty or
contaminated.

For information on what steps should be taken after obtaining Pass, Caution
or Fail results, see Corrective action procedures in Section 2.5.

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2.4 Testing frequency

Once control points have been established and ATP RLU limits have been set,
a sampling frequency plan should be developed.

Sampling frequency should be based on the level of risk associated with the
control point being tested. Factors determining the level of risk include:

 surface robustness and susceptibility to contamination

 how often the piece of equipment is cleaned
 age and wear of equipment
 degree of difficulty to clean
 level of contact with product
 for food processors, number of types of food being processed on a
machine, which increases the potential for cross-contamination and
allergens

Critical (high-risk) control points should be tested on a daily basis, after each
cleaning. You may also choose to test after product line changes, after shift
changes, and or any time prior to start-up. Lower-risk control points may not
need to be tested as frequently.

NOTE: ATP testing should be done prior to the application of a sanitizer if

possible.

Testing should be done after cleaning a surface, but prior to the application of
a sanitizer if possible. Product residue left on the surface after cleaning inhibits
sanitizers from working correctly. Sanitizer is most effective when surfaces are
free of all residues. Following this Clean-Test-Sanitize procedure prevents
wasting sanitizer and time it takes to re-apply sanitizer.

NOTE: Some sanitation procedures may require ATP testing to be done after
sanitizing, because of equipment turnover time. In such cases, follow
sanitizer’s proper dwell time and concentration levels before ATP testing.
Commonly used sanitizers at working strength should not affect Hygiena’s
ATP tests. Some acid-based sanitizers at high concentrations could slightly
reduce output signal. For a list of sanitizers that could affect the ATP
bioluminescence reaction, contact Hygiena.

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2.5 Corrective action procedures

Implementing a corrective action plan is an essential part of an ATP

monitoring program. Corrective action procedures provide clear instructions
for what steps should be taken following Pass/Caution/Fail results.

Recommended corrective action procedures are as follows:

TEST RESULT CORRECTIVE ACTION

✔ The control point has been properly cleaned. Proceed

to sanitizing.
(Pass)

The control point may not have been adequately

! cleaned. You may choose to proceed to sanitizing, or

re-clean and re-test as if the result is a Fail. A control
(Caution) point with a Caution reading should be monitored for
future problems.

The control point was not cleaned properly, and must

be cleaned again and re-tested until a Pass or
X Caution result is achieved. A control point with a Fail
(Fail) reading should be noted and monitored for future
problems.

According to the needs of the facility, the user has the option of setting up a
more extensive corrective action plan. For example, users may decide that
control points which produce Fail results should be re-tested until 3
consecutive days of Pass results are achieved. If the control point does not
successfully achieve 3 consecutive days of Pass results, cleaning procedures,
personnel, or RLU limits should be re-evaluated.

A flow chart on the next page illustrates general recommended cleaning and
corrective action procedures.

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Flow Chart: Suggested Cleaning, Test and Correction Action Procedures

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2.6 Continuous improvement

Hygiena ATP monitoring systems are designed to aid organizations striving for
continuous improvement of standards. Continuous improvement ensures
excellence in product quality, while reducing inefficiencies, avoiding recalls,
and showing due diligence and compliance to auditors and customers.

Analysis of results is key to the evaluation and ongoing improvement of the

cleaning programs. Using SureTrend software, users can monitor and assess
ATP test results, perform trend analysis, identify trouble zones, correct
improper cleaning procedures and eliminate risk.

If trends show high numbers of Caution and Fail results, standard sanitation
operating procedures (SSOP’s) should be reviewed for ways to improve
protocols. If low numbers of Caution and Fail results are obtained, Pass/Fail
limits could be reviewed and potentially lowered, creating a higher cleaning
standard which would create a cleaner facility.

Pass, Caution, and Fail limits should also be re-evaluated every year and
whenever procedural or equipment changes are made. As cleaning
procedures become more efficient and effective, limits should be adjusted to
ensure your facility is operating to its maximum potential.

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SECTION 3: Further Help

3.1 Glossary

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

ATP is a chemical compound used by all living organisms to fuel metabolic processes
such as muscle function and reproduction. ATP is found in living organisms (including
bacteria and other microorganisms) as well as once-living material (such as food).
Detection of ATP on a surface indicates the presence of either microbial
contamination or food residue that has the potential to support microbe growth.

Bioluminescence
Bioluminescence is a chemical reaction that produces light when ATP comes into
contact with the enzyme luciferase. Hygiena’s ATP testing devices use
bioluminescence technology (combining ATP with luciferase) to produce a light
output that can be detected and measured by the luminometer.

RLU (Relative Light Units)

RLU is the unit of measurement for light output during a bioluminescence reaction.
Luminometers expresses ATP test results in RLU. RLU numbers are directly
proportional to the amount of ATP on the test sample, therefore a high RLU indicates
a large amount of ATP present, which in turn indicates a high degree of
contamination. Low RLU indicates low levels of ATP and low level of contamination.

Biofilm
Biofilm occurs when microorganisms work together as a population and secrete a
sticky polymer to form a solid matrix attached to a surface. Once a biofilm is
established it is very difficult to eliminate. Biofilm can cause poor product quality
and/or lost product due to contamination.

HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points)

HACCP is a widely accepted systematic approach to the identification, evaluation
and control of significant food safety hazards in the food manufacturing and
processing industries.

SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures)

Sanitation procedures in food production plants. They are considered a basic
requirement in a HACCP program.

Control Points (CP)

Control points within an ATP program are direct and indirect contact areas where
potential contamination hazards can be identified, controlled and monitored.

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 3.2 Typical RLU limit guidelines

The following guidelines are typical of those found in food and beverage
manufacturing. For recommended RLU limits in other environments, such as
food service, hospitality, restaurants, and food manufacturing, contact
Hygiena.

Typical RLU Limits by Product Type

PASS CAUTION FAIL PASS CAUTION FAIL

Product Surface SystemSure Plus EnSURE

Dairy
Stainless Steel <5 6–7 >8 <10 11-15 >16
Products

Juice
Stainless Steel < 10 11 – 29 > 30 <20 21-59 >60
products
Water
Stainless Steel <5 6–9 > 10 <10 11-19 >20
bottling
Brewing
Stainless Steel < 15 16 – 29 > 30 <30 31-59 >60
equipment
CIP Rinse
Stainless Steel <5 N/A >5 <10 N/A >10
Water
Raw meat
Slaughter Porous Plastic < 100 101- 199 > 200 < 200 201- 399 >400
Butchery < 50 51-99 > 100 < 100 101-199 >200

Cooked meat Stainless Steel < 25 26-49 > 50 < 50 51-99 >100

Fish products Stainless Steel < 30 31 - 59 > 60 < 60 61 - 119 >120

Shellfish Stainless Steel < 100 101 - 199 > 200 < 200 201 - 399 >400

Cheese
Stainless Steel <5 6-9 >10 < 10 11 - 19 >20
processing

General food
Stainless Steel < 10 11-29 > 30 < 20 21-59 >60
processors

Vegetable Stainless Steel < 10 11-29 > 30 < 20 21-59 >60

Vegetable Porous Plastic < 100 101 – 149 > 150 < 200 201 – 299 >300

Cooked
Stainless Steel <10 11-29 >30 < 20 21-59 >60
products

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3.3 Contact Hygiena

For any questions about ATP monitoring systems, or more information about
Hygiena products, please contact Hygiena at:

Hygiena - Americas
941 Avenida Acaso
Camarillo, CA
USA 93012
Tel: +1-805-388-8007 x300
Fax: +1-805-388-5531
info@[Link]

Hygiena International
Unit 11 WENTA Business Centre
Colne Way, Watford, Hertfordshire
WD24 7 ND. UK
Tel: +44 (0)1923 818821
Fax: +44 (0)1923 818825
enquiries@[Link]

Hygiena China
Neiwailain Building Suite 21A3
No. 518 Shangcheng Road
Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
Tel: +86-21-51321081
Fax: +86-21-51321081
enquiries@[Link]

Hygiena Online

For additional information about Hygiena as well as interactive product

demos, visit [Link] and [Link]/HygienaTV

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Notes

31
Hygiena - Americas Hygiena International Hygiena China
941 Avenida Acaso Unit 11 WENTA Business Centre Neiwailain Building Suite 21A3
Camarillo, CA Colne Way, Watford, Hertfordshire No. 518 Shangcheng Road
USA 93012 WD24 7 ND. UK Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
Tel: +1-805-388-8007 x300 Tel: +44 (0)1923 818821 Tel: +86-21-51321081
Fax: +1-805-388-5531 Fax: +44 (0)1923 818825 Fax: +86-21-51321081
info@[Link] enquiries@[Link] enquiries@[Link]

[Link]
REVB042013

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