ILOILO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
(for INHS classroom use only) MAPEH 10
Music10
Quarter II - Week 1
At the end of the session I would be able to:
MU10AP-IIa-g-2 - describe the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin
American and popular music;
MU10AP-IIa-h-5 - analyze musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular
Music
MU10AP-IIa-7 – Explore ways of creating sounds on a variety of sources suitable to
chosen vocal and instrumental selections;
Concepts:
AFRO – LATIN AMERICAN AND POPULAR MUSIC
African traditional music is largely functional in nature, used primarily in
ceremonial rites, such as birth, death, marriage, succession, worship, and spirit
invocations. Others are work related or social in nature, while many traditional societies
view their music as entertainment. It has a basically interlocking structural format, due
mainly to its overlapping and dense textural characteristics as well as its rhythmic
complexity. Its many sources of stylistic influence have produced varied characteristics
and genres.
Some examples of African Music are:
1. Afrobeat 5. Marabi
2. Apala (Akpala) 6. Kwassa kwassa
3. Axe 7. Jit
4. Jive
Some examples of vocal forms of African music are:
1.Maracatu 3. Soul
2. Blues 4. Spiritual
Some examples of Latin American music influenced by African music are:
1. Samba – samba is the basic underlying rhythm that typifies most Brazilian music.
It is a lively and rhythmical dance and music with three steps to every bar,
making the samba feel like a timed dance.
2. Salsa – salsa music is Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Colombian dance music. It
comprises various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha,
chachacha, mambo and bolero.
3. Reggae – is a Jamaican sound dominated by bass guitar and drums. It refers to
a particular music style that was strongly influenced by traditional mento and
calypso music, as well as American jazz, and rhythm and blues. The most
recognizable musical elements of reggae are its offbeat rhythm and staccato
chords.
4. Soca – is a modern Trinidadian and Tobago pop music combining “Soul” and
“Calypso” music.
5. Were – this a Muslim music performed often as a wake-up call for early
breakfast and prayers during Ramadan celebrations. Relying on pre-arranged
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ILOILO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
(for INHS classroom use only) MAPEH 10
music, it fuses the African and European music styles with particular usage of the
natural harmonic series.
6. Zouk – is a fast, carnival-like hythmic music, from the Creole slang word for
“Party,” Originating in the Carribean Islands of Guadaloupe and Martinique and
popularized in 1980’s.
Popular music literally means “music of the populace,” similar to traditional folk
music of the past. As it developed in the 20th century, pop music (as it has come to be
called) generally consisted of music for entertainment of large numbers of people,
whether on radio or in live performances. From the standard songs and ballads of the
legendary Cole Porter, George Gershwin, and Frank Sinatra to the rock and roll craze of
Elvis Presley and the Beatles and the present day idols in the alternative music and
disco modes, popular music is now shared by the entire world.
BALLADS
The ballad originated as an expressive folksong in narrative verse with text
dealing typically about love. The word is derived both from the medieval French
“chanson balladee” and “ballade” which refers to a dancing song. Used by poets and
composers since the 18th century, it became a slow popular love song in the 19th
century. Today, the term ballad now refers to a love song in a slightly pop or rock style,
with the following characteristics:
1. Blues Ballads
This is a fusion of Anglo-American and Afro-American styles from the 19th
century that deals with the anti-heroes resisting authority. The form emphasizes the
character of the performer more than the narrative content, and is accompanied by the
banjo or guitar.
2. Pop Standard and Jazz Ballads
This is a blues style built from a single verse of 16 bars ending on the dominant
or half-cadence, followed by a refrain/chorus part of 16 or 32 bars in AABA form. The B
section acts as the bridge, and the piece normally ends with a brief coda. Some
enduring pop standard and jazz ballads include The Man I Love (George Gershwin,
above left), Always (Irving Berlin, above center), and In a Sentimental Mood (Duke
Ellington, above right).
3. Pop and Rock Ballads
A pop and rock ballad is an emotional love song with suggestions of folk music,
as in the Beatles’ composition “The Ballad of John and Yoko” and Billy Joel’s “The
Ballad of Billy.” This style is sometimes applied to strophic story-songs, such as Don
McLean’s “American Pie.”
AFRO – LATIN AMERICAN AND POPULAR MUSIC
POPULAR MUSIC
Popular music literally means “music of the populace,” similar to traditional folk
music of the past. As it developed in the 20th century, pop music (as it has come to be
called) generally consisted of music for entertainment of large numbers of people,
whether on radio or in live performances. From the standard songs and ballads of the
legendary Cole Porter, George Gershwin, and Frank Sinatra to the rock and roll craze of
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ILOILO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
(for INHS classroom use only) MAPEH 10
Elvis Presley and the Beatles and the present day idols in the alternative music and
disco modes, popular music is now shared by the entire world.
Characteristics of Popular Music
A catchy melody or hook
Reflects existing trends rather than progressive developments
A focus on production and recording, rather than live performances
Songs between 2:30 and 3:30 minutes in length
A chorus that with the verse (rhythmically and melodically)
Lyrics tend to focus on simple and recurring themes, eg love.
AFRO - LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC
African traditional music is largely functional in nature, used primarily in
ceremonial rites, such as birth, death, marriage, succession, worship, and spirit
invocations. Others are work related or social in nature, while many traditional societies
view their music as entertainment. It has a basically interlocking structural format, due
mainly to its overlapping and dense textural characteristics as well as its rhythmic
complexity. Its many sources of stylistic influence have produced varied characteristics
and genres.
These are the characteristics of Afro-Latin American music
1. Conversation: “Call and response” – a performance of voice interaction as an answer
to the first chant.
2. Improvisation: Non-scripted ways of singing that allow for sincere conversations. It is
a framework where the artist has freedom in creating the musical mood.
3. The voice as an instrument: It is the manipulation of a freely controlled piece where
they can change the tone of voice, its tempo, the creation of moods, and even
changing the range and voice power.
4. The instrument as a voice: The instrument serves as a “singer” along with the range
and voice power.
Melodies – short, mostly pentatonic scales, one syllable per note
Beat – strong beat, pulsating
Tempo – steady, polyrhythms, syncopation, repeated rhythmic patterns
Form – game songs, work songs, call-response
Timbre-open – relaxed
Instruments – percussion, stringed, wind rubbed by a plain stick. Reggae
expressed the sounds and pressures of ghetto life. It was the music of the
emergent “rude boy” (would-be gangster) culture.
Pop is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form during the
mid-1950s in the United States and the United Kingdom. The terms popular
music and pop music are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all
music that is popular and includes many disparate styles. During the 1950s and 1960s,
pop encompassed rock and roll and the youth-oriented styles it
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ILOILO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
(for INHS classroom use only) MAPEH 10
influenced. Rock and pop remained roughly synonymous until the late 1960s, after
which pop became associated with music that was more commercial, ephemeral, and
accessible.
Characteristics of Pop Music
With a focus on melodies and catchy hooks,
Chorus that contrasts melodically, rhythmically and harmonically with the verse.
The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic
accompaniment
The lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and
romantic relationships
The chorus is often where the music builds towards and is often preceded by
"the drop" where the base and drum parts "drop out"
Many instruments of Africa are made from natural elements like wood, metal,
animal, skin and horns, as well as improvised ones like tin cans and bottles. These are
mainly used to provide rhythmic sounds, which are the most defining element of African
music. Africans make musical instruments from the materials in the environment, like
forest areas from where they make large wooden drums. Drums may also be made of
clay, metal, tortoise shells, or gourds. Xylophones are made of lumber or bamboo, while
flutes can be constructed wherever reeds or bamboo grow. Animal horns are used as
trumpets while animal hides, lizard skins, and snake skins can function as decorations
as well as provide the membranes for drum heads. Laces made of hides and skins are
used for the strings of harps, fiddles, and lutes. In this activity the students will create
sounds using things that found in their environment.
Musical instruments used in Maracatu The Maracatu uses mostly percussion
instruments such as the alfaia, tarol and caixa-deguerra, gongue, agbe, and
miniero. The alfaia is a large wooden drum that is rope-tuned, complemented by the
tarol which is a shallow snare drum and the caixa-de-guerra which is a war-like snare.
Providing the clanging sound is the gongue, a metal cowbell. The shakers are
represented by the agbe, a gourd shaker covered by beads, and the miniero or ganza, a
metal cylindrical shaker filled with metal shot or small dried seeds called “Lagrima fre
Nossa Senhora.
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ILOILO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
(for INHS classroom use only) MAPEH 10
“IMPROVISE AFRICAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENT”
Activity 1
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
Follow the format of your answer sheet (Short bond paper) for the rest of
your activities.
Name : Grade and Section: Date:
Subject: Activity No. Week No.
A. Directions:
1. Describe the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American and
popular music. Write your answers in your answer sheet. (20pts.)
Afro-Latin American Popular Music
Historical And Cultural Background Historical And Cultural Background
B. Directions: Write your answer in your activity sheet.
1. Describe the musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music.
(20pts.)
Afro-Latin American POP MUSIC
Musical characteristics Musical characteristics
2. Based on their characteristics which kind of music you would like to listen?
Elaborate your answer. (10pts)
C. Directions: Online Class
Make your own improvised musical instrument, state the materials that you used and
describe how to play or utilize your instrument. You may use any coloring materials to
make your drawing attractive and presentable.(Provide a video of the process on how
you made your improvised musical instrument) (50pts.)
Modular Class (Copy the format below in your answer sheet.)
1. Make and draw your own improvised musical instrument, state the materials that
you used and describe how to play or utilize your instrument. You may use any
coloring materials to make your drawing attractive and presentable. (50pts.)
Name: Subject: Activity No.
Grade and Section: Week No.
Materials used: Utilizations/(How to play your instrument)
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ILOILO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
(for INHS classroom use only) MAPEH 10
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