Managing People (Gary Yukl)
11 PROACTIVE INFLUENCE TACTICS
1. Rational Persuasion: The agent uses logical arguments and factual evidence to show a
proposal or request is feasible and relevant for attaining important task objectives.
2. Apprising The agent explains how carrying out a request or supporting a proposal will
benefit the target personally or help advance the target person’s career.
3. Inspirational appeals: The agent makes an appeal to values and ideals or seeks to arouse
the target person’s emotions to commitment for a request or proposal.
4. Consultation: The agent encourages the target to suggest improvements in a proposal or
to help plan an activity or change for which the target person’s support and assistance are
desired.
5.Collaboration: The agent offers to provide relevant resources and assistance if the target
will carry out a request or approve a proposed change.
6. Ingratiation:
The agent use praise and flattery before or during an influence attempt, or expresses
confidence in the target’s ability to carry out a difficult request.
7. Personal appeals: The agent asks the target to carry out the request or support a
proposal out of friendship, or asks for a personal favor before saying what it is.
8. Exchange: The agent offers an incentive, suggests an exchange of favors or indicates
willingness to reciprocate at a later time if the target will do what the agent requests.
9. Coalition tactics: The agent seeks the aid of others to persuade the target to do
something, or use the support of others as a reason for the target to agree.
10. Legitimating: Tactics: The agent seeks to establish the legitimacy of a request or to verify
the authority to make it by referring to rules, policies, contract, or precedent.
11. Pressure: The agent uses demands, threats, frequent checking, or persistent to influence
the target to carry out a request.