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Operating Room Instruments

This document discusses surgical instruments and their classifications. It describes four major classifications of instruments: cutting/dissecting, clamping/occluding, retracting/exposing, and grasping/holding. Cutting instruments have sharp edges for cutting tissue. Clamping instruments compress blood vessels or organs to control bleeding. Retracting instruments hold back tissue to expose the surgical area. Grasping instruments pick up and hold tissue out of the way. The document provides examples for each classification and notes other instrument types like viewing, dilating, and suturing tools.

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Victoria Castillo Tamayo
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714 views8 pages

Operating Room Instruments

This document discusses surgical instruments and their classifications. It describes four major classifications of instruments: cutting/dissecting, clamping/occluding, retracting/exposing, and grasping/holding. Cutting instruments have sharp edges for cutting tissue. Clamping instruments compress blood vessels or organs to control bleeding. Retracting instruments hold back tissue to expose the surgical area. Grasping instruments pick up and hold tissue out of the way. The document provides examples for each classification and notes other instrument types like viewing, dilating, and suturing tools.

Uploaded by

Victoria Castillo Tamayo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Surgical Instruments Overview: Discusses the use and specialization of surgical instruments, including their categories and purposes.
  • Cutting and Dissecting Instruments: Explains the types and functions of cutting and dissecting instruments with examples and usage advice.
  • Clamping and Occluding Instruments: Describes the purpose and variations of clamping and occluding instruments used in surgeries.
  • Retracting and Exposing Instruments: Details the instruments used for retracting and exposing during surgical procedures.
  • Grasping and Holding Instruments: Explains the function of grasping and holding instruments in surgical operations.
  • Additional Instrument Categories: Lists other categories of surgical instruments including viewing, dilating, suturing, and aspirating instruments.

OPERATING ROOM

INSTRUMENTS
TERESITA V. AGUIRRE,MAN,RN

LECTURER
• SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS ARE SPECIALLY DESIGNED TOOLS THAT ASSIST
HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS CARRY OUT SPECIFIC ACTIONS DURING AN
OPERATION. MOST INSTRUMENTS CRAFTED FROM THE EARLY 19TH CENTURY ON
ARE MADE FROM DURABLE STAINLESS STEEL. SOME ARE DESIGNED FOR
GENERAL USE, AND OTHERS FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURES. THERE ARE MANY
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR ALMOST ANY SPECIALIZATION IN
MEDICINE. THERE ARE PRECISION INSTRUMENTS USED IN MICROSURGERY,
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND OTOLOGY.
4 MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS
[Link] AND DISSECTING INSTRUMENTS
[Link] AND OCCLUDING ISTRUMENTS
[Link] AND EXPOSING INSTRUMENTS
[Link] AND HOLDING INSTRUMENTS
CUTTING AND DISSECTING INSTRUMENTS

• THESE INSTRUMENTS USUALLY HAVE SHARP EDGES OR TIPS TO CUT THROUGH


SKIN, TISSUE AND SUTURE MATERIAL. SURGEONS NEED TO CUT AND DISSECT
TISSUE TO EXPLORE IRREGULAR GROWTHS AND TO REMOVE DANGEROUS OR
DAMAGED TISSUE. THESE INSTRUMENTS HAVE SINGLE OR DOUBLE
RAZOR-SHARP EDGES OR BLADES. NURSES AND OR PERSONNEL NEED TO BE
VERY CAREFUL TO AVOID INJURIES, AND REGULARLY INSPECT THESE
INSTRUMENTS BEFORE USING, FOR RE-SHARPENING OR REPLACEMENT.1

• EXAMPLE SHOWN: IRIS SCISSORS


CLAMPING AND OCCLUDING

• ARE USED IN MANY SURGICAL PROCEDURES FOR COMPRESSING BLOOD


VESSELS OR HOLLOW ORGANS, TO PREVENT THEIR CONTENTS FROM LEAKING.
OCCLUDE MEANS TO CLOSE OR SHUT. THEREFORE, THESE INSTRUMENTS ARE
ALSO USED TO CONTROL BLEEDING. THEY ARE EITHER STRAIGHT, CURVED OR
ANGLED, AND HAVE A VARIETY OF INNER JAW PATTERNS. HEMOSTATS AND
MOSQUITO FORCEPS ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF THESE TYPES OF INSTRUMENTS.2

• EXAMPLE SHOWN: CRILE HEMOSTATIC FORCEPS


PARTS OF A HEMOSTAT
RETRACTING AND EXPOSING
• THESE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS ARE USED TO HOLD BACK, OR RETRACT
ORGANS AND TISSUE SO THE SURGEON HAS ACCESS TO THE OPERATIVE AREA.
THEY SPREAD OPEN THE SKIN, RIBS AND OTHER TISSUE; AND ARE ALSO USED
SEPARATE THE EDGES OF A SURGICAL INCISION. SOME RETRACTING AND
EXPOSING INSTRUMENTS ARE “SELF-RETAINING,” MEANING THEY STAY OPEN
ON THEIR OWN. OTHERS MANUAL STYLES NEED TO BE HELD OPEN BY HAND.

• EXAMPLE SHOWN: VOLKMAN RETRACTOR


GRASPING AND HOLDING

• THESE INSTRUMENTS, AS THEIR NAME SUGGESTS, ARE USED TO GRASP AND


HOLD TISSUE OR BLOOD VESSELS THAT MAY BE IN THE WAY DURING A
SURGICAL PROCEDURE. MEDICAL ASSISTANTS MUST MAKE SURE THESE
INSTRUMENTS ARE WORKING CORRECTLY, AND THAT THEIR LOCKING
MECHANISMS ARE LUBRICATED FOR EASY OPENING AND CLOSING,
PARTICULARLY AFTER CLEANING AND REPROCESSING. FORCEPS ARE A VERY
GOOD EXAMPLE OF THESE TYPES OF INSTRUMENTS.

EXAMPLE SHOWN: ALLIS TISSUE FORCEPS


• IN ADDITION TO THESE MAJOR CATEGORIES, THERE ARE OTHER INSTRUMENT
CLASSIFICATIONS –SUCH AS :
• VIEWING INSTRUMENTS (SPECULA, ENDOSCOPES)
• DILATING INSTRUMENTS ( DILATORS/PROBES)
• SUTURING INSTRUMENTS (NEEDLE HOLDERS)
• ASPIRATING INSTRUMENTS (SUCTION TUBES)
• ACCESSORIES (MALLETS, KIDNEY BASIN,ETC.).

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