Descriptive Text

A.          What Is A Descriptive Text?

Descriptive text describes a particular person, place, or thing.

B.     Generic Structure
There are two main parts of descriptive text:
1. Identification: It identifies things, persons or objects that is going to
be described. It is the part of the paragraph that introduces the character.
2. Description: It describes the parts, qualities, and characteristics of the
object.

C.    An Example of a Descriptive Text.

Read the text carefully.
My classroom

       I want to tell you about my classroom

       My classroom is next to the school library. It is a big and clean classroom. It
has tow white doors and six brown windows. The walls are green and there are
some pictures on them. There are twenty tables and forty chairs.
 
D.   The Elements of the text above are as followed.
Title My Classroom
Identification        I want to tell you about my classroom
       My classroom is next to the school library. It is a big and
clean classroom. It has tow white doors and six brown
Description
windows. The walls are green and there are some pictures on
them. There are twenty tables and forty chairs.

Identification
This part identifies a particular thing to be described. In the text above, the writer
wrote about his classroom, not classrooms in general. Identification usually
answers the following questions:
a. What is the topic of the text?
b. What is the text about?
Description
This part describes the parts and characteristics. In the text, the writer described:
a. The part of his classroom (doors, windows, tables, chairs and walls)
and
b. The characteristics of the classroom: size (big), color (brown, blue),
quality (clean).

Pengertian :

Salah satu jenis teks dalam bahasa Inggris, adalah teks descriptive.
Descriptive Text (  teks descriptive ) merupakan jenis teks yang banyak
digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dalam menggambarkan benda,
tempat, manusia, hewan dan lain sebagainya. Teks desciptive adalah sebuah
teks bahasa Inggris untuk menggambarkan seperti apa benda atau mahluk
hidup yang kita deskripsikan, baik secara kenampakan, bau, suara, atau
tekstur dari benda atau makhluk hidup tersebut. Tujuan dari teks descriptive
adalah untuk menggambarkan dan mengungkapkan ciri-ciri dari benda,
tempat, atau mahluk tertentu secara terperinci, sehingga orang yang
mendengar atau membaca gambaran yang kita berikan dapat mengetahui dan
bisa membayangkan seperti apa benda, tempat atau mahluk hidup yang kita
diskripsikan

Tujuan Komunikatif :

Tujuan komunikatif dari teks descriptive adalah untuk mendeskripsikan atau

menggambarkan ciri-ciri orang, mahluk hidup, benda atau tempat tertentu
secara spesifik.

Generic Structure (Struktur Teks) descriptive:

1.    Identification (Identifikasi) : Pendahuluan tentang apa dan siapa yang

akan  dideskripsikan.
2.    Description (deskripsi)        : berisi ciri-ciri khusus yang dimiliki benda,
tempat, atau orang  yang                                                  dideskripsikan.
 Ciri-ciri teks descriptive :

ü  Teks discriptive menggunakan simple present tense.

ü  Menggunakan attribute verb, seperti be (am, is,are)
ü  Teks discriptive menggunakan berbagai macam adjectives yang bersifat
describing. numbering, classifying misalnya two strong legs, sharp white
fangs, dsb.
ü  Teks discriptive menggunakan relating verbs untuk memberikan informasi
tentang subjek, misalnya     my mum is realy cool, it has very thick fur, dsb.
ü  Teks discriptive menggunakan thinking verbs dan feeling verbs untuk
mengungkapkan pandangan       pribadi penulis tentang subjek, misalnya
police belive the supect is armed, I think it is a clever    animal, dsb.
ü  Teks discriptive juga menggunakan adverbs untuk memberikan informasi
tambahan mengenai   perilaku atau sifat (adjective) yang dijelaskan,
misalnya it is extremely high.

Contoh text descriptive :

1. Mendeskripsikan Tempat
c. PARIS

Gbr. 1

Paris is the capital city of France. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the
world. It is also one of the world's most crowded cities. Lovely gardens and
parks are found throughout Paris. At night, many palaces and statues are lit up.
For this reason, Paris is often called the City of Light.

Every year, millions of people visit Paris. The most popular place to visit is the
Eiffel Tower. This huge structure has become the symbol of Paris. The Louvre,
one of the world's largest art museums, draws many visitors. The Cathedral of
Notre Dame, a famous church, is another favourite place to visit.

[Link] benda
My Lovely House
 

Gbr. 2

I live with my parents and two brothers in a nice little house on the
suburban area of Bogor. I really love our house. It’s not large, but very
shasy and pretty since my parents grow many fruits and flowers in a yard.

My house is a two-storey building. It has living room, a family room, and a

large kitchen on the first floor. All bedrooms are located on the second floor.
There is also another family room on the second floor. Wespend our time
together there every evening.

My favourite room in the house is the kitchen. It is a very clean and

everything is arranged nicely. As you enter the kitchen, you will see a table
in front of you. It is on the right side of the room. Behind the table is a
window. On the window shelf, there is a plant and a candle. On the left side
of the room, there is a sink, refrierator, and cabinets. There is a long counter
and beautiful bouquet of flowers.

Besides the kitchen, I also like my bedroom. But unlike the kitchen, my
bedroom is quite messy. I like it because I can do a lot of things there.

3.    Mendeskripsikan hewan

My Wonderful Dog
 

Gbr. 3
Among pets, I like the best dog because they are tame animals and they can
be trained as a man friend. I have a wonderful dog. I named him Bonny.

Bonny is a male dog. He is a Pomeranian dog and is about two years old.
My dog is great. He has grayish- white fur, small ears, and a cone-shaped
mouth. His paws are strong.

Well, my dear Bonny is a clever dog. He always barks loudly and noisily
when there is a stranger coming to my house. You know what? He also can
do many things such as sitting down quietly, bringing the newspaper to me,
standing on his two hind feet, and shaking my hand.

I always take him to a grooming salon twice in a month to have him bathed
and to trim his fur neatly. Bonny eats dog’s food; fresh meal and drink fresh
milk. I don’t let him eat bones because they are not good for him.
  
 Answer this question based on the text!
1. What kind of the text above?
[Link] paragraph is the Identification of the text?
[Link] does the text tell about?
[Link] does the Bonny eat?
    5. Bonny is a clever dog and can do many things, what can he do?
d.
e.
f.   
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
4. Mendeskripsikan orang

Gbr. 4

I have a friend named Bagas. He is my class mate, he is a very fat person.

His hobby is eating. He likes all kinds of foods. He eats everything in front
of him. His weight is 95 kilograms.
He has a very chubby cheek. His family and friends like him very much.

Answer these question below !

a. what is the purpose of the text?
b. what kind of the text?
 c. what is his name?
d. How is his weight?
e. what is his hobby?

Apa itu Descriptive Text?

Descriptive text adalah sebuah teks yang menjelaskan tentang sesuatu. Misalnya,
mendeskripsikan orang, binatang atau suatu benda, baik bentuknya, sifat-sifatnya,
jumlahnya dan lain-lain. Descriptive text juga bertujuan untuk menjelaskan,
menggambarkan atau mengungkapkan seseorang atau suatu benda.

Generic Structure dari Descriptive Text.

1. Identification
Bagian identification berisi pembuka dan gambaran umum tentang suatu
topik. Identification berfungsi sebagai pengenalan dari apa yang kita sedang
jelaskan. supaya para pembaca atau pendengar tidak salah mengerti. Pada
bagian introduction juga harus menyebutkan alasan kenapa penulis memilih
tempat itu untuk di ceritakan.
2. Description
Pada bagian description berisi seluruh ciri-ciri umum sampai khusus atau
sifat-sifat yang terdapat dalam benda, orang, atau binatang yang sedang
kamu jelaskan. Misalnya ketika kita menceritakan tentang suatu tempat, kita
bisa memulai dari keseluruhan ciri dari sebuah tempat tersebut seperti
bagaimana pemandangannya, bangunannya, Cuacanya, dan lain lain,
kemudian merujuk ke detail yang khusus yang melengkapi penjelasan umum
sebelumnya.
Sekarang coba kalian amati generic structure dari Descriptive Text di bawah ini:

My Dog
(Identification)
My dad bought me a dog on my birthday. It is a male golden retriever dog. I really
love him as my pet. 
(Description)
His name is Jiji. He has brown fur. His fur is really soft and he likes to be rubbed
on his belly. He has a long tail and big body. I always take him for walk around
because he really like it. Jiji is already as the part of our family.

Penjelasan:
 Paragraf pertama merupakan Identification karena menceritakan hal umum
dari seluruh cerita. Seperti bahwa penulis mempunyai anjing jantan yang diberikan
oleh ayahnya saat dia berulang tahun.
 Paragraf kedua merupakan Description atau penjelasan keseluruhan umum
ke khusus. Seperti bahwa nama anjingnya pada text diatas adalah Jiji dengan bulu
coklat yang halus, juga diceritakan bagaimana sifat dan kebiasaan dari anjing
tersebut.
Ciri-Ciri Descriptive Text
 Menggunakan Simple Present Tense. Tenses ini digunakan karena dalam
descriptive text kita akan menjelaskan suatu fakta atau kebenaran yang terdapat
dalam suatu hal atau orang.
 Menggunakan banyak kata Adjective . Kata Adjective digunakan karena
dalam descriptive text kita akan menjelaskan sifat - sifat dari suatu benda, manusia,
atau binatang. 
 Kita akan sering menjumpai banyak kata "is" atau relating verb (kata kerja
penghubung) dalam descriptive text. karena 'is' itu berarti 'adalah' yang
mengarahkan pada penjelasan benda,orang atau binatang yang sedang kita
jelaskan.
 Descriptive text hanya fokus menjelaskan pada satu objek.
Beberapa Contoh Descriptive Text dan Artinya

Descriptive Text I
 My House
          My House is divided into two floors. On downstairs, I have all the important
parts of the house such as the kitchen, bathrooms, storage room and parking
garage. On upstairs I have one room where I keep the washer and dryer and one
big terrace.
          Downstairs, the floor is divided in eight rooms, four of them are bedrooms,
other two are bathrooms and then one kitchen and one dining room.
          In my bedroom, I have a lot of things inside, such as a television, a
playstation 3, and many tropies.
          In my sister's bedroom, there is a computer and in the other two bedrooms
are for my parent and my other sister. 
          Normally we eat in everywhere we want, but on Sunday we eat together in
the dining room. I really love my house, the place where we could share everything
together

Terjemahan:
Rumahku
          Rumahku terbagi menjadi dua lantai. Di lantai bawah, saya memiliki
semua bagian penting rumah seperti dapur, kamar mandi, ruang penyimpanan dan
garasi parkir. Di lantai atas saya memiliki satu ruangan di mana saya menyimpan
mesin cuci dan pengering dan satu teras besar.
          Lantai bawah, lantai terbagi dalam delapan ruangan, empat di antaranya
adalah kamar tidur, dua lainnya adalah kamar mandi dan satu dapur dan satu
ruang makan.
          Di kamar tidur saya, saya memiliki banyak hal di dalamnya, seperti
televisi, playstation 3, dan banyak piala.
          Di kamar tidur saudara perempuanku, ada komputer dan dua kamar tidur
lainnya adalah untuk orang tua dan adikku yang lain. 
          Biasanya kita makan di mana saja kita mau, tapi pada hari Minggu kita
makan bersama di ruang makan. Saya sangat mencintai rumah saya, tempat
dimana kita bisa berbagi segalanya bersama.

Descriptive Text II

Panda
I went to the zoo yesterday and I saw panda for the first time. Panda is the very
cute animal I've ever seen. It has little eyes with black spots around them. His body
is black and white colored. Panda's body is almost look alike with bear. Panda
looks like tame animals but it's actually not. Panda eats bamboo and they almost
eat 40 kg bamboo in just one day. Panda is animal from china. I like Panda because
they're cute.

Terjemahan:
Panda
Aku pergi ke kebun binatang kemarin dan saya melihat panda untuk pertama
kalinya. Panda adalah hewan yang sangat lucu yang pernah saya lihat. Dia
memiliki mata kecil dengan bintik-bintik hitam di sekitar mereka. Tubuhnya
berwarna hitam dan putih. Tubuh Panda hampir mirip dengan beruang. Panda
terlihat seperti binatang jinak tapi sebenarnya tidak. Panda makan bambu dan
mereka hampir makan 40 kg bambu hanya dalam satu hari. Panda adalah hewan
dari china. Saya suka Panda karena mereka lucu.
Descriptive Text III

A Tree
          There are three main parts of a tree. They are crown, trunk, and root. The
crown is at the top of the tree. It consists of leaves, branches, and twigs. The crown
filters dust and other particles from the air. The leaves produce food for the tree
through photosyntesis.
          The trunk or stem of a tree supports the crown and gives the tree its shape
and strength. The trunk consists of some layers. The layers carry water and
minerals up from the roots to the leaves, and they are carry sugar down from the
leaves to the branches, trunk and roots.
          Tree's roots absorb water and nutrients from soil, store sugar and hold the
tree upright in the ground. Some roots can go down more than four meters.

Terjemahannya:
Sebuah Pohon
          Ada tiga bagian inti dari sebuah pohon. Mereka adalah mahkota, batang,
dan akar. Bagian mahkota ada di bagian atas dari pohon, yang terdiri dari daun,
cabang, dan ranting. Bagian ini menyaring debu dan partikel-partikel dari udara.
Daun memproduksi makanan dari phon lewat fotosintesis.
          Bagian batang dari pohon mendukung pohon dengan memberikan bentuk
dan kekuatan. Bagian batang terdiri dari beberapa lapis. Lapisan itu membawa
air dan mineral  dari akar sampai ke daun, dan lapisan ini juga membawa gula
dari daun ke cabang , batang, dan akar.
          Akar pohon menyerap air dan nutrisi dari tanah, menyimpan gula, dan
menahan pohon tetap berdiri di tanah. Beberapa akar bisa menancap sejauh lebih
dari empat meter