GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M.

March 11, 2020

G2C4

MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING

ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic Promotes hepatic Prevention Contraindicated with CNS:

Phytonadione formation of treatment premature infants that headache, dizziness - Monitor patients in
coagulation factors II, of hemorrhagic can possibly develop international normalized ratio
VII, IX, X. Essential states in hyperbilirubinemia.  routinely in those taking
for normal clotting of neonates. coagulants.
Brand Name: blood. Readily Antidote for Contraindicated with
Vitamin K assorted from GI tract hemorrhage patients who are - Assess skin for ecchymosed,
(duodenum) after IM, induced by oral hypersensitive to the petechiae.
CS:
subcutaneous coagulants, drugs Low blood pressure
administration. hypoprothrombine - Assess gums for gingival
(hypotension), rapid or
Metabolized in the mic states due to bleeding.
weak pulse
Dosage: liver. Excreted in vitamin K - Assess urine for hematuria.
2.0  urine; eliminated by deficiency.
the biliary system. - Assess HCT, platelet count,
Onset of actions Hypoprothrombin urine/stool culture for occult
(increased emia caused by blood.
coagulation factors) malabsorption or
inability to Others: -Assess for decrease in
Frequence: Taste disturbances,
synthesize BP, increase in pulse rate,
Vitamin K.  cyanosis, injection site complaint  of abdominal/back
pain pain.

Classification:

Pharmacologic:
Vitamins

MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING

GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic Hepatitis B Prevention of Contraindicated for

Hepatitis B immunoglobulins hepatitis B. use by persons with CNS:  As with all biologicals,
vaccine contain specific known yeast epinephrine should always be
neutralising hypersensitivity or headache, dizziness, readily available for immediate
antibodies (mainly hypersensitivity to any fatigue use in case of a rare
Brand Name IgG) that provide component of the anaphylactic reaction.
passive immunisation vaccine and in GI:
Hepavax for individuals patients with a severe
exposed to the allergic reaction such  nausea
hepatitis B virus. It is as anaphylaxis after a
Dosage used for post- previous dose of any Skin: 
exposure prophylaxis hepatitis B-containing
in persons who are vaccine. erythema
0.5 mL, right
vastus lateralis not vaccinated, or
whose prior Others:
vaccination regimen
is incomplete or when  swelling at the
Frequence injection site, fever
One dose the antibody level is
<10 IU/ml. It may also
be used in
haemodialysis
Classification patients and
receptors of certain
blood products who
Pharmacologic-
are unable to develop
vaccine
adequate immune
Therapeutic-
protection.
Antisera

MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING

ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
Generic: Inhibits protein -Acute and -Contraindicated in -Ointment and pads are
Erythromycin synthesis; usually chronic patients EENT: intended only for treatment of
(ophtalmic, bacteriostatic, but may conjuctivitis, other hypersensitive to drug Minor ocular irritations, inflammatory acne and not for
optical) be bactericidal in high eye infections Safety and redness treatment of superficial skin
concentrations or -to prevent effectiveness of topical infections.
against highly opthalmia drug in children
susceptible organisms. neonatorum haven’t been -Store opthalmic drug at room
Brand Name: caused by established. SKIN: temperature, tightly closed,
Erygel Neisseria burning, dryness, light-resistant container
gonorrheae or pruritus, erythema
Chlamydia irritation, oily skin, - Prolonged topical use may
trachomatis peeling sensitivity result in fungal or bacterial
reactions. superinfection, including
Dosage: pseudomembranous colitis and
Apply thin layer CDAD, during and even 2
of 1.5% or 2% months after treatment.
topical Consider these diagnoses in
preparation to OTHERS: patients who present with
affected area hypersensitivity diarrhea; stop drug for
reactions. significant diarrhea, abdominal
cramps, or passage of blood or
mucus.
-Topical drug may be
flammable; keep away from
Frequency: heat and flame.
Apply ointment
to affected
area twice
daily

Classification:
Antibiotics

MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING

ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
Generic Inhibits cell-wall -serious lower -hypersensitivity to -phlebitis - Monitor patient for signs &
Name: synthesis, promoting respiratory tract cephalosporins and symptoms of superinfection and
Cefuroxime osmotic instability; infection penicillin -thrombophlebitis diarrhea, and treat appropriately
Axetil usually bactericidal.
-UTI -history of colitis -diarrhea - Tell patient to take drug as
prescribed, even if feeling better
-septicemia -renal insufficiency -pseudomembraneous
colitis - Instruct patient to notify
Brand Name -meningitis -nausea prescriber about rash, loose
Zinacef stools, diarrhea, or evidence of
-gonorrhea -vomiting superinfection.

-perioperative -erythematous rashes

Dosage prophylaxis
750 mg -anorexia
-mild to moderate
acute bacterial
exacerbations of
Frequence chronic bronchitis
Every 8 hours

Classification
Antibiotic

MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING

ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
Generic Stimulates peristalsis Treatment for - Hypersensitivity - Instruct patient to drink 1500-
by constipation - Abdominal pain Mild 2000 mL/day during therapy
Bisacodyl directly irritating the - Obstruction - Rectal irritation
smooth muscle of the - Nausea - Burning - Monitor fluid and electrolyte
intestine, possibly the - Vomiting - Itching levels
Brand Name: colonic intramural - mild abdominal 
plexus; alters water discomfort - Instruct patient to take as
Dulcolax and - Cramps ordered
electrolyte secretion - nausea
producing net -Assess patient for abdominal
intestinal distention, presence of bowel
Dosage: fluid accumulation Serious sounds, and usual pattern of
and - Rectal bleeding bowel function. 
5mg relaxation. - Blisters
- Persistent diarrhea -Assess color, consistency, and
amount of stool produced.
Very Serious
Frequence: - Serious allergic - Encourage patients to use
reaction, including: other forms of bowel regulation
QiD rash, itching/swelling (increasing bulk in the diet,
(especially of the increasing fluid intake, or
face/tongue/throat),  increasing mobility). Normal
Classification: - Severe dizziness,  bowel habits may vary from 3
- Trouble breathing. times/day to 3 times/wk.
Stimulant
Laxative -Advise patient that bisacodyl
should not be used when
constipation is accompanied by
abdominal pain, fever, nausea,
or vomiting

MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIO ADVERSE DRUG NURSING

ACTION N REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
Generic Decreases sodium Surgical & obstet - obstetrical - hypotension - Monitor for signs of inadvertent
bupivacaine flux into nerve cells, procedures; paracervical block intravascular injection, which
HC1 Injection inhibiting initial abdominal, anesthesia - Bradycardia can produce a transient
depolarization, and urological & lower "epinephrine response" within 45
prevents propagation limb surgery.  - patients with a known - post lumbar puncture seconds in the unsedated
Brand Name and conduction of the hypersensitivity to it or patient and an increase by 20
nerve impulse. to any local anesthetic - headache bpm or more in heart rate for at
Sensorcaine Progression of agent of the amide-
least 15 seconds in sedated
anesthesia, related to type or to other - vomiting patient.
components of
diameter,
bupivacaine solutions.
Dosage myelination, and - urinary retention & - Monitor BP and fetal heart rate
7.5 to 10.5 mg conduction velocity of incontinence continuously during labor
- cerebrospinal
(1 to 1.4 mL) affected fibers is disease because maternal hypotension
manifested clinically - Neurological may accompany regional
as sequential loss of reactions. anesthesia. Place mother on left
nerve function. May
-septicemia
side with legs elevated.
Frequence stimulate or depress - slowing of labor
One d the CNS or do both -patients in shock, increased incidence of
w/ coagulation - Monitor cardiac and respiratory
forceps delivery status continuously in patients
disorders or on
receiving retrobulbar and dental
anticoagulation blocks.
Classification treatment. 
Amides 
- Monitor for toxicity: CNS
stimulation usually occurs first,
followed by CNS depression.

MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING

ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
Generic Binds to opiate Relief of - - Nervousness,  Reassess Patient's level of
Nalbuphine receptors in the CNS, moderate to Contraindicated in depression, pain at least 15 and 30
hydrochloride alters the perception severe pain  patients restlessness, crying, minutes after parenteral
of and responses to hypersensitive to drug euphoria, floating, administration
painful stimuli while -  Hypersensitivity hostility, unusual  Alert: Drug causes
Brand Name producing - Hypothyroidism dreams, confusion, respiratory depression,
Nubain generalized CNS faintness, which at 10mg is equal to
depression. hallucinations, respiratory depression
dysphoria, feeling of produced by 10 mg of
heaviness, numbness, morphine
Dosage tingling, unreality.   Monitor circulatory and
10mg respiratory status, bladder
CV: and bowel function. If
Hypotension, respirations are shallow or
Hypertension, rate is below 12
Frequence bradycardia, breaths/minute, with hold
3-6 hrs, IVP tachycardia dose and notify prescriber

 DERMATOLO
GIC:
Classification Itching, burning,
Opioid urticaria
analgenesis
GI:
Nausea, vomiting,
cramps,dyspepsia, bitter
taste, dry mouth

GU:
Urinary
urgency

RESPIRATORY:
Respiratory
Depression, dyspnea,
asthma.
GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING
ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic Midazolam is a short- - Preoperative -Acute narrow-angle - Physical and - Assess level of sedation and
acting sedation/anxiolysi glaucoma psychological level of consciousness
Midazolam benzodiazepine. It s/amnesia (IV or dependence with throughout and for 2-6 hrs.
exerts sedative IM).  - Coma or patients in withdrawal symptoms following administration.
Brand Name and hypnotic,muscle - Decrease respiration
shock
relaxant, anxiolytic and - Sedation/ rate - Monitor BP, pulse and
Versed anticonvulsant actions. anxiolysis/amnesi respiration continuously during
While the a prior to or - Acute pulmonary - Apnea IV administration.
probable anxiolytic during diagnostic, insufficiency
Dosage action might be as therapeutic or - Headache - Oxygen and resuscitative
a result of the endoscopic - Severe respiratory equipment should be
2 - 2.5 mg drug's ability to procedures either depression - Hiccup immediately available.
increase glycine alone or in
inhibitory combination with - Nausea - If overdose occurs, monitor
neurotransmitter other CNS pulse, respiration and BP
Frequence
level, the depressants (IV). - Increased appetite continuously.
hypnotic/anaesthetic
Initial dose of 2
action may be - Vomiting - Maintain patent airway and
to 2.5 mg is
due to the assist ventilation as needed.
given 5 to 10
occupation of the - Cough
minutes before
benzodiazepine and
the beginning of
GABA receptors
the procedure.
leading to
Further doses
hyperpolarization and
of 1 mg may be
neuronal inhibition and
given as
further interfering with
necessary.
the reuptake of GABA
at the synapses.
Classification

Anxiolystics /
Hypnotics &
Sedatives /
Anticonvulsants
GUEVARRA, CHELSEA THERESE M. March 11, 2020
G2C4
MEDICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE DRUG NURSING
ACTION REACTION RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic Local anesthetics Administered - Hypersensitivity, -Cardiac arrhythmias - Take the pre-anesthetic vital
Bupivacaine prevent intrathecally into sensitivity to parabens signs
Isobaric generation/conducti the spine to - Headache
on of nerve provide regional -Obstetrical   - Make sure the patient is not
Brand Name impulses by paracervical block - Hypotension allergic to the medication
anaesthesia for
Marcaine reducing sodium anesthesia
permeability &
caesarean
- Ask the patient he/she is on
increasing action section. - Intravenous regional
Dosage - Nausea medication maintenance
10-20 mL of potential threshold anesthesia use
0.25% or 0.5%
- Nervousness - Make sure the patient is not
under the influence of any other
Frequence substance
3-5 mL - Palpitation
increments
allowing - Advise the patient on what is
sufficient time to - Restlessness expected before, during and after
detect toxic the induction of anesthesia.
manifestations
of inadvertent - Shivering
IV or IT
administration
- Seizures

Classification
Local - Status asthmaticus
Anesthetics,
Amides
Local - Tremors
Anesthetics,
Dental - Vomiting
Local  
Anesthetics,
Parenteral