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Exercise - Basic Concept

The document provides examples of basic concepts related to differential equations including: (1) Examples of common types of differential equations such as ordinary differential equations (ODEs), partial differential equations (PDEs), and equations of various orders and linearity. (2) Steps for eliminating constants from differential equations. (3) Criteria for identifying an initial-value problem (IVP) versus a boundary-value problem (BVP). (4) Examples of verifying that a given function is a solution to a differential equation and deriving differential equations from given functions.

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zul hilmi
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31 views3 pages

Exercise - Basic Concept

The document provides examples of basic concepts related to differential equations including: (1) Examples of common types of differential equations such as ordinary differential equations (ODEs), partial differential equations (PDEs), and equations of various orders and linearity. (2) Steps for eliminating constants from differential equations. (3) Criteria for identifying an initial-value problem (IVP) versus a boundary-value problem (BVP). (4) Examples of verifying that a given function is a solution to a differential equation and deriving differential equations from given functions.

Uploaded by

zul hilmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BASIC CONCEPTS

Differential Equation ODE/ Dependent Independent


PDE Variable Variable
d 2s
(a)  sint  0
dt 2
u u
(b) x  u  x y

2z 2z
(c)   x2  t 2
2 2
x t
2 dy
(d) x (1  y)  (1  x) y 2  0
dx

Differential Equation Order Linearity


Linear Non Linear
3
 dy 
(a)  dx   2 xy  cos x
 
ds
(b)  3t 2 s  2t
dt
d4y d2y
(c) y  e4x  0
4 2
dx dx
2
 d 3x  2
   d x  6 x cos t  et
(d)  3 
 dt  dt 2
2
2 d2y  dy 
(e) x     2 y  ln x
dx2  dx 
3 dy
(f) ( y  1)  xy 2  x sinh x
dx
d 3u du
(g)  ex  (1  x)u  0
dx3 dx

1
3. Eliminate constant A from the given equations
a) y  2 x  A b) y  Ax  2
c) y  A(1  e  x ) d) y  Axe x
e) y  Ax 2  1 f) y  Ae x  ( x  2)e 2 x
g) y  A sin 1 x h) y  ln x  Ae x

4. Eliminate constant A and B from the given equations


A
a) y  Ax  Bx 2 b) y   Bx
x
c) y  Asin(2 x  B) d) y  ( A  Bx)e 2 x

5) State whether the problems are Initial-value problem (IVP) or Boundary-value problem
(BVP).
dy
a) x  y  xy  0, y(1)  1 ______
dx
d2y dy
b) 2
 2  y  0, y(0)  1, y' (0)  1 ______
dx dx
d 3 y dy
c)   y  1  sin x, y(0)  y' (0)  0, y"(1)  3 ______
dx 3 dx
d3y
d)  y  sin x, y(1)  y' (1)  2, y"(1)  3 ______
dx 3

6) Verify that y( x)  Ae x  Be  x  Ce 2 x  3 , which A,B and C are constants,


is a solution for
d3y d 2 y dy
 2   2y  6
dx 3 dx 2 dx

7) Find the values of A and B, so that y  Asinx  Bcosx will be


d2y dy
2
 4  3 y  sin x
dx dx

d2y dy
8) If y  sin(m sin 1 x) , prove that (1  x 2 ) 2
 x  m2 y  0
dx dx

9) Form a differential equation by eliminating constants A and B from the equation


y  e 2t ( Acos3t  Bsin3t )

1 x 
n
2 dy
10) If y    , prove that (1  x )  2ny
1 x  dx

2
d2y dy
11) If y  e  x ln(1  x) , prove that (1  x) 2
 (2 x  3)  ( x  2) y  0
dx dx

2
1  dy  d2y
12) If ln y  tan x , prove that (2 x  1)   y 2  0
 dx  dx

dy
13) If y  1  x 2 sin 1 x , prove that (1  x 2 )  xy  1  x 2
dx

 
14) If y  sin  1  x , prove that 4(1  x)
d2y
dx 2
dy
 2  2 y  0
dx

Answer
Question 3
dy dy
a) 2 b) x y2
dx dx
dy dy
c) (e x  1)  y  0 d) x  ( x  1) y  0
dx dx
dy dy
e) x  2 y  2 f)  y  ( x  3)e 2 x
dx dx
dy y dy 1
g) (sin 1 x)  h)  y   ln x
dx 1 x2 dx x

Question 4
d2y dy d2y dy
a) x 2 2  2 x  2 y  0 b) x 2 2
x y0
dx dx dx dx
2 2
d y d y dy
c)  4y  0 d)  4  4y  0
dx 2 dx 2
dx

Question 5
a) IVP b) IVP c) BVP d) IVP

Question 7
1 1
A , B
10 5

Question 9
y"4 y'13 y  0

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