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Java Data Types
Variables In Java
//declaring a variable x of type
//integer and assigned value
A variable is a named field containing
information that your program uses. You //30
can also think of a variable as a name of int x = 30;
memory location where the variable value
is stored. //declaring a variable c of type
In Java, a variable has to be declared //character and assigned value
before it is used. //‘r’
Char b = ‘r’;
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Data Types
Data Types refer to the type of data you will store in a variable. For
example a variable can be of type number, string or an object of a
custom class.
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Primitive And Non-Primitive Types
A primitive data type is pre-built or defined by the programming
language, in this case Java. The size and type of variable values are
fixed and you do not have to do anything special to use them.
Non-primitive, or reference data types, don't store the value, but
store a reference to that value. Reference data types can be String ,
array, class or interface
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Data Types In Java
Data Types
Primitive Data Non-Primitive
Types Data Types
Numeric Character Object Array
byte short
int long
float double
boolean
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Primitive Data Types
Primitive
Data Types
Floating
Integer
Point
byte short float double
( 1 byte) ( 2 bytes) (4 bytes) (8 bytes)
int long
(4 bytes) (8 bytes)
Character Boolean
char boolean
(2 bytes) (1 byte)
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Integers
There are 4 types of integer data types in Java – byte, short, int, long.
//A byte type variable takes 1 byte of storage and can store values from -128 to 127
byte a = 2;
//The short data type is a 16-bit. It has a minimum value of -32,768 and a maximum value of
32,767
short b = 156;
//The int data type is a 32-bit signed two’s complement integer, taking values from -2^31 to
2^31-1
int c = 32769;
//The long data type is a 64 bit’two’s complement integer taking values from -2^63 to 2^63-
long l = 24678822;
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Floating Points
There are 2 types of floating point data types in Java – double and
float.
Single-precision 32-bit IEEE 754 floating point. Its value range is
unlimited.
float f = 56.8929929;
//double data type is a double-precision 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point. Its
value range is unlimited.
double d = 4.54877;
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Double Vs Float In Java
Float Double
Precision A float gives you A double gives you
approx. 6-7 decimal approx. 15-16
digits precision. decimal digits
precision.
Storage Needs 4 bytes of Needs 8 bytes of
storage. storage.
Default Use Not Applicable By default, Java
designates a floating
point literal as double.
Applications Use where storage is Use applications
a constraint. which need more
precision.
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The Boolean Datatype
A boolean type is declared with the boolean keyword and only takes
the values true or false:
boolean isSaladHealthy = true;
boolean isSaladTasty = false;
System.out.println(isSaladHealthy); // Outputs true
System.out.println(isSaladTasty); // Outputs false
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The Char Datatype
The char data type is a single 16-bit Unicode character. A char is a
single character:
char grade = ‘A’;
System.out.println(grade); // Outputs A
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The Non-Primitive Datatype
Non-Primitive
Datatypes
Array String Class Interface
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Class – Defining custom data types
A class is a data type in Java that
defines a template or blueprint for
an object. In other words a class
refers to the category or type of
objects. A class allows you to
declare custom data types.
For example you can define a class
cat or car or savings accounts to
store objects of specific types. A
class has variables defining
properties and methods defining
behavior of its objects.
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Class Syntax
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Strings In Java
A String in Java, representing a collection of characters, is actually an
object of type java.lang.String. The class contains methods that can
perform certain operations on strings.
String s = “hello”;
System.out.println(“The length of s is ” + s.length());//outputs The length
of s is 5
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Arrays In Java
Arrays are used to store multiple homogeneous values in a single
variable. Note, in Java array indexes start from zero.
String fruits[] = {“apple”,“banana”,”mango”};
System.out.println(“The third fruit is” + fruits[2]); //outputs The third fruit
is mango
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Interface
An interface in Java is used to specify the contract or capabilities that
implementing classes must implement. An interface has abstract
methods, with only signatures, which are then implemented by some
classes. For example, every corporate department may implement the
Security Interface.
interface Security
{
boolean accessCheck(String employeeToken);
}
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Next Lecture:
Deep Dive
Into Java
Strings
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