SKILLBOOK IN

ENGLISH

NELLIE C. SANTOS

Published by

Sharing knowledge for nation building

BOOK OF LIFE PUBLICATION

Pulanglupa Dos, Las Piñas City
Tel.#(02) 83488174
Copyright 2019 by
Nellie C. Santos

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

No part of this handbook may be reproduced
in any form or by any means without the
written permission from the author and the
publisher.

Cover Design: KC Santos

Published by
BOOK OF LIFE PUBLICATION
San Antonio, Parañaque City
Tel. # 3488174

ISBN: 978-621-419-141-8
 DEDICATION

This book is heartedly

dedicated to my children – KC and
John Vishnu.
 PREFACE

This handbook was written to help

intermediate pupils fully understand the
8 parts of speech.

The lesson presentations are

simple and easy to understand. Varied
activities from the simplest to the
challenging ones follow.

The learners will surely attain

‘feeling of success’ as they work on each
activity.

It is hoped that this book can be

an instrument in making the target
learners achieve English language
proficiency.

The Author
 LESSON 1: NOUNS

Names of the things that we see around

us are the first words we learn to utter. These
words are NOUNS.

Nouns are names of persons, places,

things, and ideas.
Persons: doctor, nurse, lawyer, teacher

Places: house, gymnasium, hospital

Things: pillow, clothes, calendar, toys

Ideas: program, hope, dream, skill

There are several classifications of nouns.

Nouns may either be common or proper nouns.
Some of nouns are compound nouns and others
are collective nouns.

1
A. Common and Proper Nouns
A common noun refers to any kind of
person, place, thing or idea. It begins with a
small letter except when it is the beginning of a
sentence.

A proper noun is a word that particularly

refers to a person, place, thing or idea. It begins
with a capital letter.
Common Proper
Noun Noun
principal Gerry Lumaban
Person actor Coco Martin
senator AntonioTrillanes
street Rizal Street
Place river Pasig River
city Parañaque City
pen Dong-A
Thing radio Sony
laptop Toshiba
occasion Christmas Day
Idea application MS Word
program Moving Up Day

2
Exercise 1
Underline all the nouns used in the excerpt of
the story, “The Jackal and the Partridge.”
Once there was a jackal whose great friend was
a partridge. They became such very great friends
that they said they would be friends forever.

Now the jackal was a very jealous creature.

One day he said to the partridge, “You don’t do
half as much for me as I do for you, although you
talk a great deal about your friendship for me. A
good friend ought to make me laugh or cry, or get
me a good meal, or even save my life. You
couldn’t do all that.”

“Oh, couldn’t I? said the partridge. “Follow

me, and if what you see doesn’t make you laugh,
you may eat me.”

The partridge flew on until she saw two

travelers walking along, one behind the other.
They were both tired and their feet were sore. The
first carried a bundle on a stick over his shoulder,
and the second carried his shoes in his hand.

3
Exercise 2
Tell whether each noun is a common or proper
noun. Put a check mark under its classification.

Common Proper
1. KC Santos
2. alcohol
3. story
4. mayor
5. Ma‟am Vivian
Factor
6. Mrs. Merly Tero
7. Showtime
8. San Isidro
9. Epson
10. Olivarez
Hospital
11. Oppo
12. Dr. Materum

4
Exercise 3
Complete the table with the needed
information by writing an example of common
or proper noun.

Common Noun Proper Noun

1. barangay
2. Dora, the
Explorer
3. shampoo
4. GreenCross
5. broadcaster
6. Panfilo Lacson
7. councilor
8. MAPEH
9. movie
10. Julia Barreto

5
Exercise 4
Complete each sentence by writing either a
common or proper noun on the blank.

1. I want to buy _____________________ .

2. My friends are in the plaza to see

________________________ .

3. Can you please lend me your__________ ?

4. Oh, she is a very lovely ______________ !

5. I was born in _____________________ .

6. In the zoo, we see _________________ .

7. _____________________ is my idol.

8. The story I like most is______________ .

9. _____________________ is my friend.

10. _______________ is a beautiful place.

11. I looked up the sky and saw ________ .

12. ___________________ is the main

character of the novel.

6
B. Compound Nouns
A compound noun consists of two or
more words. They are written differently. Some
are written as single words, and others as
separate or hyphenated words.

Single Word: basketball, heartbeat

Separate Word: high school

Hyphenated Word: editor-in-chief

Exercise 5
The following compound words are incorrectly
written. Write their correct versions opposite
them.

1. highschool

2. insectbite

3. writingcontest

4. topicsentence

5. door-knob

6. sister in law

7. discjockey

7
8. friend-ship

9. tele-phone

10. seashore

11. twoway

12. past-time

13. church-goer

14. stomach-ache

15. family-tree

C. Collective Nouns
A collective refers to a group of persons,
places, or things.

The following are common examples

of collective nouns.
company band
colony school
audience audience

1. The company of soldiers got tired.

2. The class is bored now.

8
3. My team prepares a report.
4. The colony moved to a safer place.

Exercise 6
Give the collective nouns for the following
words below. Arrange the jumbled letters to
form the correct answers. The beginning letters
of the collective nouns are underlined.
1. ant nylooc
2. robbers d a b n
3. cows redh
4. soldiers rootp
5. fish olhocs

D. Gender of Nouns
Nouns have genders. They are the
following:

1. Masculine - refers to male gender

Ex. priest, hero
2. Feminine - refers to female gender
Ex. directress, waitress
3. Common - refers both to male and
female
Ex. doctor, politician, passenger
4. Neuter - refers to nonliving things
Ex. pen, table, floor

9
Exercise 7
Tell whether the noun below is masculine,
feminine, common or neuter.

_____________ 1. lion
_____________ 2. building
_____________ 3. god
_____________ 4. principal
_____________ 5. lady
_____________ 6. professor
_____________ 7. queen
_____________ 8. waiter
_____________ 9. sister
_____________10. nurse
_____________11. actress
_____________12. priest

Exercise 8
Give the opposite gender of each noun. Write
your answer on the blank.

1. hen ___________________

2. gay ___________________

10
3. niece ___________________

4. aunt ___________________

5. queen ___________________

6. chairman ___________________

7. waitress ___________________

8. girl ___________________

9. lady ___________________

10. lass ___________________

11. priest ___________________

12. wife ___________________

13. tailor ___________________

14. brother ___________________

15. goddess ___________________

11
E. Number of Nouns
A noun may be singular or plural.
Singular means one; plural means two or more.

Singular Noun Plural Noun

mouse mice
toy toys
ox oxen
leaf leaves
tooth teeth

The following are the rules in pluralization of

nouns.

1. Most nouns are pluralized by adding -s.

Ex. table - tables river - rivers

can - cans tree - trees

2. Nouns that end in s, ss, sh, ch, and x

form their plural by adding - es.

Ex. bush - bushes tax - taxes

gas - gasses crush - crushes

12
3. Nouns ending in -fe form their plural

by changing -fe to -ve and adding -s.

Ex. life - lives

4. The -f at the end of a noun is changed

to -v and -es is added.

Ex. loaf - loaves

5. Nouns with -oo form their plural by

changing it to -ee.

Ex. foot - feet

6. Nouns ending in -y form their plural by

changing -y to -i and adding -es.

Ex. lily - lilies

7. Some nouns are pluralized by changing

their spelling.

Ex. child - chilren

13
Exercise 9
Write S if the noun is in singular form, P if it is
in the plural form.

_____ 1. watch
_____ 2. sashes
_____ 3. butterfly
_____ 4. seconds
_____ 5. kiss
_____ 6. news
_____ 7. wishes
_____ 8. grass
_____ 9. scissors
_____10. men
Exercise 10
Give the plural form of each noun below.

1. bleach -

2. dragonfly-

3. notice -

4. woman -
14
5. switch -

6. shelf -

7. lass -

8. dream -

9. goose -

10. lady -

11. dummy -

12. cross -

13. stitch -

14. guy -

15. watch -

16. quiz -

17. roof -

18. puppy -

19. story -

20. duty -

15
Exercise 11
List down 10 nouns that you see in the picture
and use them in your sentences.

Your sentences:
1.______________________________.
2.______________________________.
3.______________________________.
4.______________________________.
5.______________________________.
6.______________________________.
7.______________________________.
8.______________________________.
9.______________________________.
10. _____________________________.

16
 LESSON 2: PRONOUNS
IF YOU’RE
TIRED, I’LL
REPLACE
YOU!
PRONOUN

NOUN

A PRONOUN replaces a noun. Each noun

has a pronoun equivalent. Repetition of a
particular noun in a sentence is avoided when
pronoun is used.

John Gil is my friend. He always

helps me.

The word HE is used in the second

sentence instead of JOHN GIL.

A. Personal Pronouns
A personal pronoun refers to a person.
The form of personal pronoun changes
depending on the person, number, gender,
and case. Person tells us whether the
pronoun is in the first person (speaker), second
17
person (person talked to), and third person
(person talked about); while number tells us
whether a pronoun is singular or plural. See
the table below.

Singular Plural

First Person
I we

Second
Person you you

Third Person
he, she they

Gender tells us whether the pronoun is

in the masculine or feminine form.

Masculine: he, him, his

Feminine: she, her, hers

18
The following are the cases of pronouns.

Subjective Objective Possessive

Case Case Case
I me mine
we us ours
you you yours
he him his
she her hers
they them theirs

The subjective case of pronoun is used as

subject of the sentence.

1. I will see my doctor.

2. We have praise God.

3. He reads books.

The objective case is used after a verb

(direct object) or a preposition (object of a
preposition).

19
As direct object:

They saw me in the mall.

(The word me is the object of the verb saw.)

He loves us.
(The word us is the object of the verb loves.)

As object of the preposition:

The talent manager is interested in him.

(The word him is the object of the preposition in.)

This phone is for her.

(The word her is the object of the preposition for.)

The possessive case shows possession or

ownership.

My father‟s name is Alejandro.

This is mine.

Her shoes are shiny.

Sir George Bolima fixed his hair.

20
Exercise 1
Underline all the personal pronouns you see in
the following sentences.

1. I was elected class president.

2. She told them to stop talking because their

teacher was talking.

3. It is only between you and me.

4. She always agrees with what her friends

tell her.

5. Did he invite her to his birthday

party?

6. We were surprised when Alyssa came.

7. Give me your ticket for the concert.

8. Roanne studied well for the periodical test.

9. The boy said, “This notebook is mine.”

10. Is she not afraid of the dark?

21
Exercise 2
Tell what case of pronoun is used in each
sentence below by writing SC (for subjective
case), OC (for objective case) or OP (for object
of the preposition) before each item number.

1. Mother Felomina cares for me a lot.

2. She loves playing chess.

3. Is that pen yours?

4. The red umbrella belongs to me.

5. Shall we leave for Makati now?

6. Razel and Cherry cheered for us.

7. She smiled at the students.

8. Her students gave her a gift.

9. We enjoyed listening to Isabel!

10. Emily showed me an old picture.

22
Exercise 3
Circle the correct form of the personal pronoun
in the parentheses.

1. The chocolate is for you and (I, me)

2. She told him, “Give me (your, yours)

ticket.”

3. She waited for (they, them) at the entrance

gate.

4. Amelia tells me to enter (his, her) office.

5. Tell Marivic to place (his, her) bag on my

table.

6. The noisy students are (they, them).

7. You and (I, me) will be comrades for life.

8. Dr. Abulog will talk to (they, them).

9. Please let (we, us) go home now.

10. The most helpful pupil appears

to be (he, him).

23
B. Indefinite Pronouns
We use an indefinite pronoun when we
do not refer to a particular person, place or
thing.

Here are the common indefinite

pronouns.

some anyone no one

something someone somebody
anything everyone anybody
nobody all each
nothing everybody everything
most others one

C. Interrogative Pronouns
An interrogative pronoun is a pronoun
used in asking a question.

The following interrogative sentences (or

questions) contain interrogative pronouns.

Who is your bestfriend?

Whom did you see in the party?

Whose shirt is this?

24
 Which color do you prefer?
What is your favorite ball game?

D. Demonstrative Pronouns
A demonstrative pronoun tells us which
one or which group of persons, places, or things
are referred to. The four demonstrative
pronouns are that, this, these, and those.

CORRECT USAGE OF
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
1. This - used when something is near the
speaker or when he/she holds or
touches it.
Ex. This toy was given by my uncle.

2. That - used when something is far from

the speaker
Ex. That phone on your desk is Nellie‟s.

3. These - used when things are near the

speaker or when he/she
touches them.
Ex. These fruits are fresh.

4. Those - used when things are far from

the speaker.
Ex. Those students over there are from
Don Galo High School.

25
Exercise 4
Cirle the correct indefinite pronoun in each
sentence.

1. (Anything, Everything) you say can be

used against you.

2. (Most, Others) of my groupmates have

already submitted their notebooks to

our teacher.

3. (Everything, Each) of you will go to the

gym.

4. (Some, Nothing) is left in the drawer.

5. (Nobody, Something) wants to be sad.

6. I‟m looking for (everybody, someone)

who can help me fix my bike.

7. (Anything, Everything) is okay.

8. (Anything, Something) big is

Going to happen in my life.

26
Exercise 5
Use the appropriate demonstrative pronouns
for the sentences below.

1. _______ ball that she is holding is mine.

2. _______ girls in the gym are my

students.

3. Please tell _______ visitors to enter the

room now.

4. Donna said, “_______ fruits in my bag

were given to me by Ofel.

5. I like _______ band on your hair.

6. “How beautiful are _______ flowers

here!” said Ms. Ofelia Ignacio.

7. _______ paintings on the wall attract the

passersby.

8. ______ tree over there is already a

century old.

27
 LESSON 3: ADJECTIVES
I CAN MAKE
YOU MORE
INTERESTING!
ADJECTIVE

NOUN PRONOUN
What do you say when you see the gift
given to you? Isn‟t it that you use a word to
describe it? The word that you say to describe
it is called ADJECTIVE. An adjective is a word
that modifies a noun or pronoun.

The word modify may mean describe or

limit. These refer to the two kinds of adjectives.

1. Descriptive Adjective

It refers to the description of what you

see, touch, taste, hear, or feel about something.

Ex. green, small, sweet

loud, weal, circular

2. Limiting Adjective

It tells about number. It answers How

many? or What is the rank?
28
Ex. three, six
(answers How many?)

third, sixth
(answers What is the rank?)

Exercise 1
Underline the adjective each sentence. Include
the articles.

1. There are ten wild birds in the cage.

2. Yesterday, there was a strong wind.

3. We had many projects to accomplish.

4. Mrs. Vivian Factor is very good in teaching.

5. Pasacao is a small town in Camarines Sur.

6. The beautiful Mayon Volcano is in Albay.

7. Mr. Arman Espino is good in Mathematics.

8. We visited the famous Lucban, Quezon.

9. Bayugin Falls has cold and refreshing water.

10. Divine is a responsible member of our

family.

29
Exercise 2
Tell whether each adjective below is
descriptive or limiting. Write the correct
answer on the space provided.
__________________ 1. many
__________________ 2. rough
__________________ 3. ninth
__________________ 4. brown
__________________ 5. horrible
__________________ 6. few
__________________ 7. salty
__________________ 8. tall
__________________ 9. final
__________________10.second
__________________11. nice
__________________12. dark

Exercise 3
Modify each noun below with an appropriate
adjective.
__________________ 1. skin
__________________ 2. building
__________________ 3. goat

30
__________________ 4. story
__________________ 5. book
__________________ 6. teacher
__________________ 7. river
__________________ 8. water
__________________ 9. tree
__________________10. contestant
__________________ 11. face
__________________ 12. sister
__________________ 13. sky
__________________ 14. fruit
__________________ 15. church
__________________ 16. ocean
__________________ 17. insect
__________________ 18. car
__________________ 19. volcano
__________________ 20. sword

31
Articles as Adjectives
A, an, and the are articles. They are
limiting adjectives.

A is used before a word that begins with a

consonant.

a student
a river
a ship

An is used before a word that begins with

a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) or a consonant but sounds
like a vowel. Take note of the last two examples.

an ally
an animal
an honor
an hour

The is used to refer to a particular person

or thing. It can be used for both singular and
plural nouns.

the pen
the woman
the artist
the notebook

32
Exercise 4
Complete the following sentences with the
appropriate articles.

1. Look at _______ window.

2. _______ man I met last month was

Joey.

3. She saw _______ old book in the box.

4. _______ first letter of _______ proper

noun always begins with _______capital

letter.

5. _______ good leader must be a good

follower.

6. _______ ounce of prevention is better

than ________ pound of cure.

7. _______ boy asks money from _______

tourist.

33
8. The Filipinos need _______ president who

can solve _______ economic problems of

our country.

9. At _______ Philippine Normal University,

_______ best professors teach.

10. _______ interesting story will be told by

our teacher.

11. Phrase is _______ group of words.

12. _______ octopus has eight feet.

13. She met _______ father of her friend.

14. _______ most beautiful artwork of

_______ artist is called masterpiece.

15. Write the correct answer on _______

blank before each number.

34
 LESSON 4: VERBS

AND I CAN
I CAN DANE.
SING.

A VERB is a word that expresses an

action or a state of being.

Action: The snake casts its skin.

He writes a poem.

State of being: Mylene is beautiful.

I am a teacher.

A. Kinds of Verbs
The following are the kinds of verbs:

1. Action Verbs
As the name says, an action verb is a verb
that expresses an action. The action can be
physical or mental.

35
Physical

Christopher runs fast.

Eden always attends her classes.

Mental

Flor wishes to see her grandma.

Christine realized her mistakes.

2. Linking Verbs
A linking verb is a verb that links or
connects a noun or a pronoun with another
word in the sentence. A linking verb comes in
two forms:

a. Be Verbs: am, is, was, are, were, be,

being, been

I am proud of my parents.
She was my classmate in college.
He is the company‟s new boss.
Analyn and Tina are dancers.
Our visitors were from Baguio City.

36
b. Verbs of Senses
The verbs in the box are either action or
linking verbs. If they can be replaced by is or
are, they are called linking verbs.

feel taste grow

appear smell look

remain become sound

Ex.

The pizza tastes delicious.

(The pizza is delicious.)

Her voice sounds good.

(Her voice is good.)

Her clothes look elegant.

(Her clothes are elegant.)

The roses smell fresh.

(The roses are fresh.)

37
3. Auxiliary Verbs
An auxiliary verb is written before
another verb. It is also called as a helping verb.

am, is, was, are, were, be, being,

been, has, have, had, can, could,
will, would, does, do, did, shall,
should, may, might, must

Exercise 1
Circle the verbs you see in the sentences below.
Other sentences contain two verbs.

1. Ms. Ofelia Ignacio does her duties well.

2. Ma‟am Myrna talks in English well.

3. St. Theresa carried her burden with love.

4. Angelito and Marina attended a seminar.

5. Jane cooks „lumpiang ubod‟.

6. Eleanor and Cherry remain as good friends.

38
7. Last year, Bien went to Naga City.

8. Mrs. Cleofe Robles serves as OIC-Head of

the English Department.

9. Daina sings and dances well.

10. Fernando is good in performing magic

tricks.

11. Mr. George Bolima has been a kind teacher.

12. Rosie and Lucy met last month.

13. Susan‟s voice sounds good.

14. We acted out scenes from “Romeo and

Juliet.”

15. Bong Go always defends the President.

16. Jayson has been awarded last week.

17. Prayer really works.

18. The old man asked for some medicines.

39
Exercise 2
Tell whether the BE VERB used in each
sentence below functions as linking verb or as
an auxiliary verb. Use the codes: LV for linking
verb and AUX for auxiliary verb.

_________ 1. The cabinet members are in a

meeting with the President.

_________ 2. Americans are our allies.

_________ 3. The baby is crying

_________ 4. Aileen is our class president.

_________ 5. I am chatting with her.

_________ 6. John is working with

a multinational company.

_________ 7. Dr. Rosendo Abulog was our

former principal.

_________ 8. Arlyn has been my friend for

many years now.

40
B. Principal Parts Of Verbs
The four principal parts of verbs are
simple present, present participle, simple past,
and past participle.
Simple Present Simple Past
Present Participle Past Participle
eat eating ate eaten
see seeing saw seen
plant planting planted planted
pray praying prayed prayed

What can you say about the given

examples?

Note that the present participle has only

one form (-ing form).

The simple past and the past participle of

eat and see have different forms while plant
and pray have the same form (-ed ending).

Verbs that use –d or –ed to form their

simple past and past participle are called
REGULAR VERBS.

41
 The following are other examples of
regular verbs.

Present Simple Past

Past Participle

jump jumped jumped

smile smiled smiled
clean cleaned cleaned
wash washed washed
kiss kissed kissed

IRREGULAR VERBS form their past

and past participle by changing their spelling.
There is no definite rule in forming their past
and past participle; however, they can be
grouped according to their forms. See the
tables on the next six pages.

42
Present Simple Past Past
Participle
am was been
is was been
are were been
has had had
have had had
may might
will would
give gave given
forgive forgave forgiven
hang hung hung
kneel knelt knelt
feel felt felt
deal dealt dealt
flee fled fled
lose lost lost
seek sought sought
catch caught caught

43
Present Simple Past Past
Participle
begin began begun
go went gone
speak spoke spoken
ride rode ridden
tear tore torn
bind bound bound
slay slew slain
sink sank sunk
shrink shrank shrunk
drink drank drunk
do did done
leave left left
weep wept wept
keep kept kept
sweep swept swept
creep crept crept
rise rose risen

44
Present Simple Past Past
Participle
arise arose arisen
break broke broken
run ran run
choose chose chosen
drive drove driven
free froze frozen
eat ate eaten
take took taken
buy bought bought
fight fought fought
arise arose arisen
break broke broken
wind wound wound
choose chose chosen
drive drove driven
free froze frozen
eat ate eaten

45
Present Simple Past Past
Participle
take took taken
buy bought bought
fight fought fought
bear bore born
swear swore sworn
get got gotten
forget forgot forgotten
steal stole stolen
make made made
pay paid paid
say said said
lay laid laid
lie lay lain
find found found
come came come
become became become
slide slid slid

46
Present Simple Past Past
Participle
swim swam swum
bend bent bent
sing sang sung
ring rang rung
spring sprang sprung
cling clung clung
bring brought brought

think thought thought

lead led led
know knew known
blow blew blown
throw threw thrown
sow sowed sown
sew sewed sewn
see saw seen
send sent sent

47
Present Simple Past Past
Participle
spend spent spent
set set set
cast cast cast
broadcast broadcast broadcast
put put put
burst burst burst
sit sat sat
write wrote written
dig dug dug
bite bit bitten
beat beat beaten

48
 LESSON 5: ADVERBS

ADVERB

VERB ADJECTIVE
The questions above are answered only
using an ADVERB. This is how important an
adverb is.

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb,

an adjective, or another adverb.
Verb modified by an adverb:

Bea Alonzo acts naturally.

verb adv.
(The word acts is modified by naturally.)

Adjective modified by an adverb:

Kristine is very beautiful.

adv. adj.
(The word beautiful is modified by very.)

49
 Adverb modified by another adverb:

Justice will be served very soon.

adv. adv.
(The word soon is modified by very.)

Kinds of Adverbs
1. Adverb of Place – an adverb that
answers the question Where?
Sit down there.
Bien spent his vacation in Bicol.
The stuents stayed in the gym.
2. Adverb of Time – an adverb that
answers the question When?
I visited my siblings yesterday.
KC will finish college in 2023.
Therese will go abroad soon.
3. Adverb of Manner – an adverb that
answers the question How?
Her seatmate talks loudly.

Shean talks softly.

Jessa sings well.

50
4. Adverb of Frequency – an adverb that
answers How often?

Alicia visits her grandmother

every other month.

They always enjoy their English

lessons.

Ador seldom goes to the moviehouse.

5. Adverb of Degree – an adverb that

answers How much? or To
what extent?

Me-anne is very diligent.

Her question is totally difficult to

answer.

The movie is too good to be ignored.

51
Exercise 1
In each sentence, circle the adverb and
underline the word it modifies. The adverb
used can be more than one word.

1. My uncle is too meticulous.

2. The chief engineer was absent for more than

a week.

3. Liza Soberano is very popular.

4. Maryann usually goes to school early.

5. An ideal girl never goes home late.

6. The company boss treats us well.

7. The carpenter is very tired.

8. A cheetah runs fast.

9. We always watch t.v.

10. The teacher talked with our class monitor

in the guidance office.

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Exercise 2
What kind of adverb is used in each sentence?
Write your answer on the space provided. Use
the codes PL for place, TM for time, MN for
manner, FR for frequency, or DG for degree.

_______ 1. The old woman still walks fast.

_______ 2. They responded to

the complaints quickly.

_______ 3. I check my e-mail after eating my

dinner.

_______ 4. Lucy is so kind that everyone

likes her.

_______ 5. Our town is located near a

volcano.

_______ 6. The moviegoers almost died

laughing.

_______ 7. We often stay under the tree.

_______8. He told me that our

teacher needed me badly.

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_______ 9. The guest speaker with his

staff has just arrived.

_______10. Pres. Duterte hopes the next

ASEAN Summit will be held again in the
Philippines.

Exercise 3
Complete each sentence below with an
appropriate adverb.

1. We will watch a concert ______________.

2. Please pray the rosary _______________.

3. I can talk to God___________________.

4. She has to submit her project __________.

5. Tony will arrive ___________________.

6. The mall sale will happen ____________.

7. My school friend studies _____________.

8. We should decide __________________.

9. Some people _______ think about money.

10. Love other people _________________.

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LESSON 6: CONJUNCTIONS
ROMEO JULIET
I CAN MAKE THEM
PARTNERS!
AND

A CONJUNCTION is a word that is used

to connect words or group of words.

The 3 kinds of conjunctions are

coordinating, correlative, and subordinating.

Kinds of Conjunctions
1. Coordinating Conjunction
A coordinating conjunction is used to
connect similar words or groups of words.

The following are the coordinating

conjunctions and their uses.

for - reason
and - addition
or - alternative
but - contrast
nor - negative idea
yet - contrast
so - result
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Examples:

Jason and Nelson are my townmates.

I want to be in the party but I am
busy.
Jundy is young, yet he is knowledgeable.
2. Correlative Conjunction
A correlative conjunction functions like
a coordinating conjunction but it consists of
two or more words.

either…or
neither…nor
both…and
whether…or
not only…but also
Examples:

Either Jose or Marion is coming to

watch the singing contest.

Neither my father nor my mother is

happy of my grades.

Both Joey and Arman are helpful.

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3. Subordinating Conjunction
A subordinating conjunction connects
two or more clauses to form one sentence.
Below are the common subordinating
conjunctions.
after, as, as long as, as soon as, before,
since, until, when, whenever, while, as, as
if, as though, because, though,
although, as long as, even if, even though,
if, provided that, unless, while, than, so
that, that
Ex.

1. Although Alex is poor, he is happy.

2. The girl shouted as soon as she saw her idol.
3. She had watched t.v. before she ate her
dinner.
4. We feel happy when we see our idol.
5. The boy sells native foods after he goes to
school.

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Exercise 1
Circle all the conjunctions used in the
sentences below.
1. Nellie and Merlie are best friends.
2. Edgar is sad for he failed two subjects.
3. Both Kathryn Bernardo and Nadine Ilustre
are talents of ABS-CBN.
4. We will be blessed if we love other people.
5. We should pray whenever we are troubled.
Exercise 2
Underline the words or group of words joined
by the conjunctions in the following sentences.

1. Ralph will either watch a movie or go to his

friend‟s house.
2. The mayor waves to the crowd as the emcee
acknowledges his coming.
3. Both Myla and Jenny are friendly.
4. I share blessings whenever good things
happen to me.
5. Jess is not only my coach but also my friend.

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Exercise 3
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate
conjunctions.

1. In Calaguas Island, we can play _________

go for a swim.

2. The performer walks on the bamboo bridge

slowly __________ carefully.

3. A Grab taxi ride is expensive __________

comfortable.

4. We saw an elephant __________5 tigers

at the zoo.
5. Think of your loved ones ________ you
play your favorite song.
6. I _________ my friends attend the mass
regularly.
7. Think __________ you post in
your social media account.
8. My groupmate mops the floor ________ I
clean the window.
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9. Johnna will be very happy __________ I
attend her debut party.
10. We lived in Daet __________ I
graduated college.
11. _________ Lara __________ Jobelle
are intelligent English teachers.
12. Submit your test paper __________ you
finish the test.
Exercise 4
Combine the following sentences using the
correct conjunctions.

1. Joshua is young.
He talks like a matured person.

2. Cherrie sings.
She also dances.

3. Alice wakes up early.

She will not be late for work.

4. Our team coach was not around.

We won the game.

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5. Stay in the waiting shed.
The bus comes.

6. John is attending the conference.

Erick is also attending the conference.

7. Ferdinand is sick.
He is very active.

8. Mother will be happy.

We have an expensive gift for her.

9. The brothers slept.

They played their guitars.

10. They checked their social media accounts.

They eat.
11. Our family driver stopped.
He wanted to check the tires.

12. The young lady smiled.

We greeted her.

13. The studious student worked on his project.

He slept.

14. The coach shouted.

He wanted to call our attention.

15. There is always hope.

You are alive.
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LESSON 7: PREPOSITION
IN, ON, or AT
THE TABLE?

A PREPOSITION is a word which shows

the relationship between words in the sentence.
It is the most troublesome part of speech
because even experts find its use difficult.
The following are some commonly used
prepositions.

in on at
for by with
within of over
above under below
about across through
between among around
except to before
after until since
up down inside

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Exercise 1
Circle the correct preposition that will complete
each sentence.

1. The girl knocks (in, on) our door.

2. The partridge perch (in, on) the tree.

3. God watches us (at, from) a

distance.

4. Before he walked (in, into) the

classroom, he greeted everyone inside.

5. Our master teacher graduated (in, from) UP.

6. The knife was found (under, below) the

table.

7. We will meet (in, at) the school lobby.

8. Those people walk (in, along) the road.

9. The interviewer looks (on, at) my eyes.

10. The boat smoothly sails (on, over) the

sea.

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Prepositional Phrases

A prepositional phrase is a group of

words that begins with a preposition. Its use
gives details to sentences. It may function as
an adjective or as an adverb.
1. As an Adjective – it modifies a noun or
pronoun.

The man wearing a red hat entered the room.

noun adjective
(The phrase wearing a red hat modifies the
word man.)

The sketches on the wall attract us.

noun adjective
(The phrase on the wall modifies the word
sketches.)

2. As an Adverb – it modifies a verb, an

adjective or another
adverb.

The lady puts her bag on the table.

verb adverb
(The phrase on the table modifies the word put.
It functions as an adverb of place.)

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 The man carried the pile of plates with care.
verb adverb
(The phrase with care modifies the word
carried. It functions as an adverb of
manner.)

Exercise 2
Underline the prepositional phrase in each
sentence and tell its function. Write ADJ. or
ADV. before each sentence.

1. Around two hundred street

protesters demand salary increase.

2. Men in the mountains live

longer compared with men

in the city.

3. The books on the table are new.

4. Helen placed in her bag the

gift that I gave her.

5. Flowers for the wedding are elegant.

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6. The box of apples was donated by

our PTA president.

7. We met in a nearby restaurant.

8. Pineapples from Zambales are

exported to China.

9. The leader of the group talks to

the barangay captain.

10. I am not familiar with her name.

11. We will go to the concert later.

12. The branches of the tree are strong.

13. The baby in the crib cries loudly.

14. Look up the sky and you can see

different kinds of clouds.

15. We should always serve the Lord with

joy.

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LESSON 8: INTERJECTION

OH, WOW!

An INTERJECTION is a part of speech

that expresses an emotion. It may be used
alone or as part of a sentence. When it
expresses a strong emotion, it is followed by an
exclamation point. On the other hand, when an
interjection expresses mild feeling, it is
followed by a comma.

See the examples below.

Good!

Excellent! You did it!

Oh, I‟m sorry to hear your story.

Well, let‟s talk about it.

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 Below are common interjections.

aha great
my well
goodness hey
oh wow
gosh shucks
oops yahoo

Exercise 1
Give an appropriate interjection for each
sentence below.

1. __________! We passed the test!

2. __________! It really hurts!

3. __________! Why did he do it?

4. __________! Is that true?

5. __________! That‟s completely amazing!

6. __________, I pity the main character in

the novel.

7. __________, I will think over it.

8. __________! Can you stop it?

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9. __________! I‟ll try that again!

10. _________! That is really fantastic!

Exercise 2
Construct a sentence using an interjection for
each feeling.

1. pain
>

2. sadness
>

3. happiness
>

4. disappointment
>

5. anger
>

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