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TOYOTA GT86 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Engine type : FA20 It is a derivative of the FB engine, however, efforts to
reduce weight while maintaining durability were the main goals of the
FA engine.
Displacement: (1,998 cc ) Engine displacement is the measure of
the cylinder volume swept by all of the pistons of a piston engine,
excluding the combustion chambers.
Max power: ( 147kW (197 hp) at 7000rpm ) Power is defined as the
rate at which something does work. For cars, horsepower translates into
speed.
Max torque: ( 205 N-m (151 ft-lfb) at 6600 rpm ) Torque can be viewed
as the “strength” of a vehicle. Torque, is the expression of a rotational or
twisting force. In vehicles, the engines rotate around an axis, thus
creating torque.
Number of cylinder: (4 ) The more cylinders in an engine, the more
combustion that occurs, creating more movement to turn the crankshaft
and power to move the car.
Valves per cylinder: (4) 4 valves per cylinder allows for more airflow
than 2 valves per cylinder, as there is larger open area when
the valves are open
Valve Configuration: (16-valve DOHC ) Having a configuration with
DOHC and four valves per cylinder means better airflow,
especially at high engine speeds, resulting in better top end power.
Fuel Supply system: ( D-4S injection) It contain both direct fuel injection
and port fuel injection. The direct fuel injectors are just like any other
direct fuel injection system. And, the port fuel injectors are not there to
clean the intake valves; these injectors work to provide fuel to the engine.
Both sets of injectors work together for the best possible fuel mixture in
the cylinder.
Bore X Stroke: 86mm x 86mm
Compression Ratio: (12.5:1) The compression ratio (CR) is defined
as the ratio of the volume of the cylinder and its head space
(including the pre-combustion chamber, if present) when the piston
is at the bottom of its stroke to the volume of the head space when
the piston is at the top of its travel ('top dead centre', tdc).
Turbo charge: (YES) A turbocharger is an add-on part that uses
recycled exhaust gases to — quite literally — boost
an engine's performance
Supercharge: A supercharger is an air compressor that increases
the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal
combustion engine. This gives each intake cycle of
the engine more oxygen, letting it burn more fuel and do more
work, thus increasing the power output.
Internally Bevelled or stepped piston ring
It is a compression ring with a small square section is removed from the
top inside edge of the ring causing the ring to twist, which produces a
dished effect when the ring is assembled in its groove.
Functions: The main functions of this ring is to seal the combustion
chamber from the crankcase and transfer heat from the piston to the
cylinder. However, they also play an important part in controlling
engine oil consumption. By providing an edge relief on the top side of
rectangular and taper faced rings a twist effect is achieved which, helps
to improve oil consumption control. This improves the ring bedding and
provides adequate degree of oil control on the down-stroke.
The material used for piston rings is fine-grained alloy cast iron that
contains silicon and manganese. It has good heat and wearing-resistance
qualities. It also has a good hardness. Manufacturers provide piston
rings with a porous phosphate coating. This reduces the scoring of the
surfaces during the running-in period. The porous surface has cavities for
the worn particles. It also acts as an oil reservoir which remains even
after the coating wears out. Thus, it reduces the friction between the
rings and cylinder wall. Following materials are use for manufacturing of
compression rings : Cast Iron, Premium Ductile Iron, steel, Bronze
Diagram
Features: The feature of these type of piston rings is a slot and that they are
manufactured to be non-circular. This non-circular form is necessary so that
the piston ring exerts an exactly defined pressure over the whole ring
circumference when inserted in the circular cylinder. This pressure can be
distributed evenly over the circumference; however, a negative oval form is
generally aimed for. This means that the pressure in the area of the slot is
lower than on the remaining circumference which avoids increased pressure
on the slot during operation of the engine.
Mechanism
The mechanism through which it achieves its desired function is
under operating condition the gas pressure forces the ring flat against
the piston groove, creating an additional dynamic behaviour of the ring.
A edge relief on the top side of rectangular and taper faced rings is
provided in this type of piston ring. It causes the ring to twist, which
produces a dished effect when the ring is assembled in its groove. As a
result, this form a taper-periphery working face providing a bottom-edge
contact with the cylinder wall. This improves the ring bedding and
provides adequate degree of oil control on the down-stroke.
