Week 3
Initial Problems Of Pakistan :
Pakistan came into being after great hardships and it was a great democratic and political
victory for our leaders . The hindus and congress did not accept the partition and always
looked for opportunities to harm Pakistan . They adopted each and every mean to destroy
Pakistan economy . Due to these steps Pakistan had to face great difficulties which are as
follows :
Demarcation Of Boundaries :
A boundary commission was setup for demarcation of boundaries in Punjab & Bengal.
And Cliff was appointed as the head of this commission . Great injustice was done to
Pakistan because many muslim majority areas in Punjab like Gurdaspur & Ferozpur were
given to India. In Bengal Calcutta , Murshidabad and the District of Nadia were also
given to India.
Administrative Problems:
Pakistan had to face many administrative problems . Most of the government senior and
junior officers serving in army were hindus who migrated to India after the partition .
There was also lack of officers and official records, stationary and furniture for office
work . There was no proper capital . The city of Karachi was made the capital which
lacked the essential facilities for running the government .
Rehabilitation Of Refugees:
After the partition million of refugees started arriving Pakistan who needed
accommodation , basic needs and moral support . This was a difficult task and a bi
challenge for the newly created country.
Division Of Financial Assets :
At the time of partition there was a cash balance of 5 billion which was to be divided
equally between the two states . When division was decided , Pakistan was to get 750
million rupees which the Indian authorities refused to transfer on many excuses . The first
installment of Rs 200 million was paid and the rest of the amount was stopped until the
acknowledgment of Pakistan that India will have control over Kashmir .Mr Gandhi
interfered and given a threat of hunger strike if the amount was not paid to Pakistan . On
Gandhi insistence the Indian government paid 500 million to Pakistan and refused to pay
the rest of Rs 50 million.
Settlement Of Refuges :
At the time of partition 6.5 million refugees migrated to Pakistan . Quaid e azam paid full
attention to it and established a relief fund for which appeal was made to the people to
provide financial help to their refugee brothers . He went to Lahore to deal the problem
being created by the arrival of refugees . The purpose of this visit was to provide food
and shelter to them . He asked the people to support the refugees because they has
suffered a lot being the muslims .
Advice To The Government Servants:
He requested the government servants to change their attitude because they are public
servants not the rulers . He addressed them to perform their duties with justice , honesty
and constantly.
Deterance From Provincial & Racial Prejudices:
He felt the danger of provincial and racial prejudices very early . In his address to the
people he said “ now we are Pakistani . No one is balouchi , pathan , sindhi , Bengali and
Punjabi . we should be proud to be Pakistani .
He visited the provinces to solve their problems and give them new hopes . He introduced
reforms in Khyber Pakhtoon Khuwa .Made Karachi the capital of Pakistan and Kalat was
given special status.
Division Of Military Assets:
According to partition plan 3rd June 1947 the military assets had to be divided between
the two states . Field Martial Auchinleck was given the duty of division . He completed
the first task of division of military with great efforts on 15th August 1947 . When the
Congress leaders saw this that Auchinleck had equally divided military they were
disturbed because they thought that the division of armed forces will take atleast two
years . They criticized Auchinleck for favouring Pakistan . He was removed from his
duty and Pakistan was deprived of the due share . The equipment which were given to
Pakistan were also old and outdated .
Canal Water Dispute :
This dispute was the result of Red Cliff Award . The water of the rivers which flow
towards Pakistan had their head works in the areas which were given to India . The
Indian government stopped water when Pakistan was in need . They wanted to destroy
the agriculture of Pakistan . In 1960 this problem was solved by Indus basin treaty .
Industrial Problems :
At the time of partition there were 921 industrial units in united India. Pakistan was only
given 24 units . To handle the need of newly born country this was not sufficient . On the
other hand the machinery of these industrial units were not in a position to work
properly . Most of the workers were Hindus who went to India after partition . The
miserable condition of these industrial units further created problems for Pakistan.
