Advances in Engineering Research, volume 173
4th Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications (WARTIA 2018)
Design of Coin Sorter
Li Feng1, a, Ning Tingzhou2, b, *
1
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong Huayu University of Technology, Dezhou, 253034, China
2
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, China
a
lwfjh@[Link], bning-tingzhou@[Link]
*corresponding author
Keywords: false identification system; single chip microcomputer; liquid crystal display
Abstract: Based on the status quo of coin sorting machines at home and abroad, a coin sorting
machine with false identification function was designed. The coin enters the entrance of the coin,
through the rotation of the coin disk and the flattening of the pressing plate, a single coin enters the
coin hole of the coin disk, then passes through the false identification device, passes through the
four branches arranged in order from small to large, and falls into the collection device of
corresponding value respectively. The coin exit is installed with photoelectric counting device,
which counts the coins of each denomination and integrates the total amount to be displayed on the
display screen through the operation of single chip microcomputer. The coins of the same
denomination will be placed in the same receiving box to be sorted.
1. Introduction
Foreign coin sorters have developed a long time, and in some developed countries at abroad, the
type of coins in circulation is very big[1-2], but its circulation and operation management of the
equipment is also very much. According to the technical characteristics, it can be divided into count
type, classification type, packaging type, cleaning and disinfection type, exchange type and
self-service type. Although the technology of foreign coin sorter is mature, but the price is
expensive, and the Chinese currency system is complicated, it is difficult for foreign coin sorter to
popularize in China.
China began to introduce relevant products from foreign countries in the mid-1990s. At present,
small coin sorters have appeared in China, but there is a general lack of false identification.
Therefore, it is of great research value and practical significance to study and develop the automatic
coin sorter with high precision, stable performance and perfect function [3].
2. Design scheme of coin sorter
The design of the coin sorter will set the coin with different diameters according to the trajectory
of centrifugal motion and the size of the coin. At the same time, to save space, the motor spindle
will be adopted to drive the rotation of the coin disk to transfer power. The design mainly includes
separation device, authenticity identification system and counting system. The separation device is
the basic component of the coin sorter, which includes coin disk, disconnector, platen, motor, etc.
The authentication system and the counting system are connected to the single chip microcomputer,
which controls the operation of the authentication device, separates the counterfeit currency, and
then displays the result of counting through the LCD.
3. Design of separation device
3.1 Design of coin disc
The main function of the sorter is to drive the coin by rotating the coin disc, and then the coin
passes through the separator disc to separate. In order to reduce the fault-tolerant rate when passing
Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.
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the counterfeit detection device, a ring of coin holes is set on the coin disk. The coin falls into the
slot and passes through the false identification system before passing through the disjunction along
the fixed route.
To ensure the size of the coin sorter is small, the diameter of the coin disc is 300mm. The thick
base and the coin hole are determined according to the thickness and diameter of different coins,
that is, 3mm is selected for the thick base and 35mm is selected for the token hole. In order to make
the holes as large as possible, the distance between each two holes should be as small as possible,
and on the basis of the design, the distance between the center of the coin hole and the edge of the
coin disk should be determined as 27.5mm. The rotating speed of the disc is determined by force
analysis of the coin. The force analysis of coin is shown in Figure 1.
Fig.1 Force analysis of coin
Notes: μis the coefficient of friction, f is the frictional force，F is the centripetal force, G is the
gravity.
According to Equation,
f = μG = μmg
2
F = V = mω r
m 2
r
United stand, F = m ω r > F = mmg
2
µg
ω> >0
r
As the coin radius and the friction coefficient are different, the corresponding values should be
obtained according to the mechanical design manual respectively, and then substituted to calculate.
Lastly, a maximum value is taken.
µg 0.30 × 9.8
ω> = = 16.059rad / s
r 0.019
30
v = ωr = 16.059 × = 153.35r/min
π
In order to meet the requirement that the centripetal force of the coin is greater than the friction,
so the minimum speed required is 153r/min, and this is the estimated value. Here, 200r/min is the
speed of the coin disk.
3.2 Design of separation disc
There is a row of coins on the separation tray from small to large, the whole sorting machine is
dependent on the coin sorting operation. In order to ensure the durability of the separation plate,
both the two sides of the coin slot are in the form of semicircle.
The minimum length of the coin slot is calculated by the time the coin falls free from the disc.
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Choose the thickest coin here. According to Equation,
gt 2
S=
2
2S 2 × 2.4mm
Then, t = = = 0.219s
g 9.8m / s 2
Linear velocity v = ωr = 200r / min× 300mm = πm / s
The taken time for the coin to leave the coin disk turns 68.8mm with the coin disk, so the
minimum length of the coin slot is 68.8mm. In the form of semicircle on both sides of the coin slot,
the arc distance between the center of the coin slot and the data determined is: both the new 1Mao
and the 5Mao are 70mm, the new and old 1Yuan are 80mm,and the old 1Mao is 90mm.
3.3 Design of false identification system
At present, there are four types of coin identification: weighing, image identification and eddy
current identification. On the whole, the device adopts the eddy current sensor because of its high
efficiency, low price and no direct contact with coins, which avoids the disadvantages of decreasing
the life of the separator caused by wear. Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the eddy current
sensor.
Fig.2 Schematic diagram of electric eddy current sensor
Fig.3 MCU connection diagram
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The working process is as follows: when the coin passes through the eddy current sensor, it can
cause different internal oscillation frequencies, so the data is sent to the processing device, and then
compared with the real coin to identify the authenticity. The result of the single chip computer is
used to control the switch of the counterfeit money collection device so that the counterfeit money
falls into the counterfeit money collection device. The work flow is shown in Figure 3.
3.4 Design of counting device and receiving tray
Photoelectric counter is an automatic counting device made of photoelectric elements. The
design selects the infrared counter tube to realize the statistics of the coin. Connect the infrared laser
tube with the microcontroller, and then connect the LCD screen. After the work of the infrared laser
tube, the statistical data of the microcontroller is analyzed and calculated, lastly, output to the LCD
screen.
The receiving tray can withstand the impact of backward coins, at the same time, the coin can't
stay at the edge of the receiving disc due to the high friction, so the minimum angle of the coin
should be analyzed according to the force diagram of the coin. The force of the coin is shown in
Figure 4.
Fig 4. Force diagram of coin
Notes: f is the frictional force，G is the gravity.
Where, G2 > f , it is calculated according to Equation,
f = mmg
G2 = sin α × mg
United stand, sin α > µ
Transform available, α > αrcsin µ
The old 1Mao needs ≥ 30 , and others just need > 17.5 . Since the old 1Mao is less, so
choose = 30 . And two opposite holes need to be punched under the coin plate to install the
infrared butt tube.
4. Conclusion
The design of coin sorting machine with false detection function is finally realized, which can
realize the coin sorting and have the functions of false identification and counting. The counting
results will be displayed on the LCD screen through the operation of the single chip microcomputer.
The coin sorter is simple in design and easy to operate. It can solve the problem of difficult to
recycle coins well in places with large coin circulation, such as bus companies, supermarkets and
financial departments.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Science and Technology Program of Shandong Higher
Education Institutions (NO. J17KA034).
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[2] DING F.J., HONG T.J., and CHEN K.D..(2016) Architecture Design and Manufacturing of Coin
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[3] GAO S.T., XU Y., SANG M.Z.. (2017) A Kind of Multi-functional Coin Sorter. Mechanical
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