Learning Activity Sheets

Teacher: LEVEN MART B. LACUNA Subject : UCSP Grade Level: 12

School: MABOG NATIONAL HIGH S.Y.: 2020-2021 Quarter/Module: Q1/Week 8
SCHOOL

Title Analyze the forms and functions of social organizations UCSP Q1Week 8
Introduction In this lesson, you will know forms of social organization and their functions. It is important
to study these because the roles we play are essential in understanding the things
happened in your society. Hence, you will also learn on how you can help, as a member
of the society, and contribute for the betterment of these organizations.
MELCS: Analyze the forms and functions of social organizations UCSP Q1Week 8
After going through this module, you are expected to:
Identify the different types of group in the society;
Explain functions of social organization; and
Appreciate the importance of interactions in the society .
Activity 1: Pre - test
Directions: Read and understand the statements. Choose the letter of the correct
answer.
1. It is a small, intimate and less specialized group whose members engaged in
face to face and emotion-based interactions over extended period of time.
A. in-group C. primary
B. out-group D. secondary
2. It is a group to which one does not belong and feels a sense of competitiveness
or hostility.
A. in-group C. primary
B. out-group D. reference
3. It is a group to which one belongs, and with which one feels a sense identity.
A. in-group C. primary
B. out-group D. secondary

4. It is a larger, less intimate and more specialized groups were member engaged
in an impersonal and objective-oriented relationship for a limited time.
A. in-group C. primary
B. out-group D. secondary

5. It refers to both a body of non-elected government officials and an

administrative policy-making group.
A. bureaucracy C. mcdonalidization
B. in-group D. reference group
6. It is a group which an individual compare themselves such group strongly
influences an individual behavior and social attitude.
A. in-group C. primary
B. out-group D. reference

7. Every bureaucracy has written rules and files that serve as the organizational
memory of the bureaucracy.

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A. Files & Positions
B. Offices are hierarchically ordered
C. Positions require specialized training
D. Official activity demands the full working capacity of the official

8. It refers to the office that is responsible for completing the tasks of the office,
regardless of the number of hours it might take.
A. Files & Positions
B. Offices are hierarchically ordered
C. Positions require specialized training
D. Official activity demands the full working capacity of the official

9. It is a concept developed by American sociologist which refers to the

particular kind of rationalization of production, work, and consumption that rose to
prominence in the late twentieth century.
A. bureaucracy C. mcdonaldization
B. in-group D. reference group

10. It is defined as a collection of people who regularly interact with one another
on the basis of shared expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense
of common identity.
A. in-group C. reference group
B. primary group D. social group

Activity 2: My Group as a Mirror of my Self

Direction: From among the many groups that you have had, past and present,
choose one that you think provided you the most memorable impacts. Describe the
group in column A, then enumerate the impacts it had on you as a social person in
Column B.
Column A Column B
The Group The lasting impacts on me as a social person
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Barkada is a term that most Filipinos in their youth use to refer a group who share
the same social inclinations. The fondest memories of one’s youth would often be
of the experiences they share with their barkada. Every age group in every society
creates and subscribes to a social group.

Social Group
 consists of two or more people who interact recurrently in a patterned way and
who recognize that they constitute a distinct social unit.
 social interaction takes place in the context of social groups

Social structure
 refers to the patterned social relationships and interrelationship of the parts
guided by norms, expectations, and values of the social unit’s members. The
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 behavior patterns to be followed as well as goals and purposes to be pursued
are taught through the process of socialization.

Social institutions
 are established sets of norms and subsystems that support each society’s
survival. Each sector carries out certain tasks and has different responsibilities
that contribute to the overall functioning and stability of society. This helps
decreases chaos and increase structure.
 are mechanisms or patterns of social order focused on meeting social needs,
such as government, economy, education, family, health care, and religion.

Social networks
 is consists of individuals who have a dynamic relationships that are interacting
with other relationships within a structure.
 simply stated, a social network is a social structure consisting of people who
have varying degrees of relations and interrelationships.
 a visual representation of the social networks present in one group or more is
sociogram. This was developed by Jacob Moreno, a psychotherapist, in 1951
to understand the dynamics of the intersections of social group. (e.g., individual,
peers) within the structure (e.g., school, a church, a village)

Social organization
 is a patterned of relationships between and among individuals and social
groups.
 refers to how a society is structured and how members of a society organize to
facilitate social cooperation. It also involves beliefs and expectations related to
social status and social roles. A social status is a position a person occupies in
society, while a social role involves set of behaviors tied to a particular status.

Social group is consists of individuals who are united by their similar characteristics,
and these characteristics interact with one another. This phenomenon is observed
in social categories. There are other human clusters which do not form social groups
but may be transformed into one. These are also considered important by
sociologist who study them. These are called the aggregate, the social category,
and the collectivity.

Aggregates
 sometimes, a number of persons cluster but do not interact with each other, like
in the case of people standing in a street corner, waiting for a jeepney, people
lining up to pay for their purchases in a supermarket, or people sharing an
elevator ride.
 they are basically unstructured, are in close physical proximity, but they do not
interact. Occasionally, they may look at each other and heave a sign of
complaint, but they are not concerned with the feelings and attitude of the
others.
 it’s important characteristics is their shared space.
Social Category
 these are group of people whose members may never have met and do not
interact socially but possess common identifying status characteristics.
 for example, when referring to males, females, infants, children, youth, adults,
and the aged, the distinctions are on the basis of age, sex, or race.

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 other criteria may be income/social class, occupation, religion, political beliefs,
and ethnicity.
 people who belong to this group are likely to be aware that they have common
characteristics and a common identity.
 these social categories frequently contribute for the formation of groups
 for example, women who observe that females are discriminated against in
hiring or promotion and in a disadvantaged position in society may form a
Womens Movement to redress the inequalities
 a group lawyers may form a Human Rights Organization to look into cases of
people whose civil rights have been trampled upon

Collectivity
 temporary groups like crowds, masses, public, and social movements are
clusters of people interacting with each other, but the interactions are passing
or short-lived. Temporary groups like collectivity are not governed by the
established norms of the culture.
 they are composed of clusters of people who share some kind of belief which
prepare them for actions, spontaneously forming a temporary or short-lived
group.
 they may have leaders and symbols such as slogans, flags, and emblems
which constitute the core of the members attachment to each other.
 they are characterized by the spontaneous formation of norms and
organizations that oppose or reinterpret the existing norms and organizations
in a society.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE GROUPS

1. Permanence beyond meetings and members
2. Means of identifying members
3. Mechanisms for recruiting new members
4. Goals or purposes
5. Social statuses and roles
6. Means for controlling members’ behavior
Group Size and Relationships

Common Basis for Groups

1.Common ancestry
2.Territorial proximity
3. Similar bodily characteristics
4.Common interests

Basic Classifications of Social Groups

1. On the basis of contact (C.H Cooley)
A. Primary
 is a small, intimate, and less specialized group whose members engage in
face-to-face & emotion-based interaction over an extended period of time.
 are groups in which relationships are spontaneous, personal and intimate.
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  primary groups are so-called because they are the initial groups that a person
joins; they provide him/her with experience in social relations
 from this, an individual acquires ideas and experiences of love, affections,
sympathy, kindness, and notions of right and wrong
 also learned the virtues of fair play, loyalty, and justice
 gives one a sense of personal worth, an important source of social control
and social cohesion, and provides links to the bigger society
 examples of this group include family, childhood friends, play groups,
immediate school group, cliques formed in large impersonal organization,
church group, work-related peers

B. Secondary
 in contrast, are larger, less intimate and more specialized groups where
members engage in an impersonal & objective-oriented for a limited time.
 level of interaction is not deep and significant.
 relationship is less intrinsic, more instrumental, mutual benefit rather than
emotional affinity.
 examples of this group include project group, doctor & patients, teacher &
students, lawyers & clients, and employer & employee
2. On the basis of contact Identification (W.G. Sumner)

Reference group
 is a symbolic reference or anchor for an individual.
 is the group to which the individual relates or aspires to relate psychologically.
It becomes the individual's frame of reference and source of ordering his/her
experiences, perceptions, cognitions, and ideas of self.
 this is a group to which we compare ourselves
 we use reference group in order o guide our behavior and attitudes and help us
to identify social norms
 may also be called a “identity association group” since its creation is fueled by
a person's desire to provide a character connection

A. In-group
 social groups to which an individual feels he/she belongs. One feels loyalty and
respect to these groups
 is the group in which the individual identifies and which gives him/her a sense
of belonging, solidarity, camaraderie, esperit de corps, and a protective attitude
toward the other members
 ex. Fraternity

B. Out-group
 social groups that an individual does not identify with. One feels antagonism
and contempt for these groups
 it is a group by which an individual is in sufficient contact with as to be aware of
its existence, but which he/she is prone to criticize or ridicule.
 one feels strangeness, indifference, dislike, avoidance, and/or antagonism
 sports opponent team

3. On the basis of rules and organization

A. Informal

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 it is a group which has prescribed rules and regulation for joining the group,
staying in the group and leaving the group. Any person can join, participate in it
and leave it whenever he wants.
 arises spontaneously out of the interactions of two or more persons.
 these are unplanned, have no explicit rules for members and recruitment, and
do not have specific objectives to be attained.

B. Formal
 it is a group that has well-defined rules and regulation for joining the group,
staying in the group and leaving the group. Those who fulfill these rules and
regulations, can join and engage in the activities of the group. The membership
can be canceled if the members violates the rules.
 groups where the purpose and objectives are explicitly labeled.
 roles and statuses of individuals in the group are specifically defined.
 norms of behavior are formalized in the form of policies and regulations.
 has an administrative machinery that is aimed to enable members to meet their
goals
 this administrative structure is called bureaucracy

Bureaucracy

It is define as a formal, rationally organized social structure involving clearly defined

patterns of activity in which every series of actions is fundamentally related to the
purpose of the organization. Bureaucracy refers to both a body of non-elected
government officials and an administrative policy-making group. Historically, a
bureaucracy was a government administration managed by departments staffed
with non-elected officials. Bureaucracy, specific form of organization defined by
complexity, division of labor, permanence, professional management, hierarchical
coordination and control, strict chain of command, and legal authority. It is
distinguished from informal and collegial organizations. In its ideal form,
bureaucracy is impersonal and rational and based on rules rather than ties of
kinship, friendship, or patrimonial or charismatic authority. Bureaucratic
organization can be found in both public and private institutions. To understand
more about this lesson, there are identified characteristics of modern bureaucracy.

There are principles of official jurisdictional areas

Simply put every bureaucracy has its own special area: firemen do not arrest
criminals, doctors do not empty bedpans, and professors do not deliver mail.
The regular activities are assigned as official duties. At this point in the discussion,
the key here is that regular duties are assigned-everyone has a role (a jurisdiction).
The authority to give commands is distributed in a formal way and regulated.
Certain people have the right to control others, and this is spelled out clearly.
Methodical provision is made for the regular and continuous fulfillment of these
duties; only persons who qualify under general rules are employed.
Bureaucracy works regardless of a particular person. Individuals can come and go,
but the position is defined by the workflow and the rules guiding behavior of
occupants in that position.

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Offices are hierarchically ordered
This idea creates a clear system of authority. This makes it possible for the
governed to appeal, in a regulated manner, the decision of a lower office to the
corresponding authority. Similarly, those in a particular position can always find a
boss of their own supervisor (except, of course, at the highest level), to appeal.
When fully developed, these systems are monocratically organized. This means
that any position has only one boss, allowing for clear lines of authority.

Files & Positions

That every bureaucracy has written rules and files that serve as the
organizational memory of the bureaucracy. (Think of transcripts -- your grades will
be known by the university long after every person in the office now has quite the
job). This is what allows the continuous fulfillment of a position. The work of the
bureaucracy is done outside of one's home. It is an official activity, not a private
activity. This separation of the office from the individual highlights the regulated,
rational status of the position as distinct from the person.

Positions require specialized training

People are appointed to offices based on explicit qualifications (which are

written down). This, as it turns out, is one of the key features relating bureaucracy
to meritocracy
Official activity demands the full working capacity of the official
An office holder is responsible for completing the tasks of the office,
regardless of the number of hours it might take. Thus, as any of you will discover
when you take on a salary position, you work to get the job done, not to full the
clock. MW expands this and the previous point under his description of the position
holder.

Office Management follows exhaustive, stable, written rules, which can be

learned.

Every office holder's duties are clear, as are the responsibilities that each has
to the other. In practice, knowledge of these rules is a key type of specialized
training (this is why politically appointed ambassadors do so poorly -- they don't
know the rules of the game needed to get things done). Individuals cannot rule by
decree -- they have to apply abstract, general rule. Again, this is a way of ensuring
that individuals do not have power, but office holders do. This is in direct contrast to
rule by notables -- by patronage systems.

McDonaldization

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McDonaldization is a concept developed by American sociologist which
refers to the kind of rationalization of production, work, and consumption that rose
to prominence in the late twentieth century. The basic idea is that these elements
have been adapted based on the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant efficiency,
calculability, predictability and standardization, control and that this adaptation has
ripple effects throughout all aspects of society

1. On the basis of structure (Dwight Sanderson)

A. Voluntary
 It is a group that an individual can join or leave by his/her own.

B. Involuntary
 It is a group that an individual cannot join or leave by his/her own choice.

C. Delegate
 It is a group that serves as representative of the larger number of people. The
members are either elected by the people or nominated on the basis of certain
criteria.

5. On the basis of relation to society (George Hassen)

A. Un-social
 It is a group that remains detached within a society. They do not participate in
the society and remains alone.
B. Anti-social
 It is a group that acts against he interest of the society. They destroy public
property and peace. They intend to spread fear and aggression to purse their
aims.
C. Pro-social
 It is a group that works for the betterment of he society. They engage in activities
for the development, prosperity, welfare, and peace in the society.
D. Pseudo- social

 It is a group that participates in the society only for their own interest and gains.
They do not care about the interest of others or betterment of society. They are
concerned only about their own gains and benefits. They behave in a predatory
or parasitic way in the society.

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Activity 3: Enumerate Me!
Direction: Give what is asked.
1-3. Human clusters
4-5. On the basis of contact (C.H Cooley)
6-8. On the basis of structure (Dwight Sanderson)
9-11. On the basis of contact Identification (W.G. Sumner)
12-13.On the basis of rules and organization
14-17.On the basis of relation to society (George Hassen)
18-19.Common Basis for Groups
20. Factors that influence Groups

Activity 4: True or False

Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is otherwise stated.
Identify the word which makes the statement false and change into its correct
terms/concepts. (1 point each for True/ 3 points each for False)
1. An individual is born into and grows up in a social category.
2. A social group is composed of two or more persons who are in social interaction,
guided by a set of laws, values, and expectations.
3. Apart from the social group, there are other clusters like the aggregates, social
category, and collectivity which may be transformed into groups.
4. Social groups have social networks which refers to the patterned relationships
among the members guided by norms, expectations, and values.
5. Barkada is a term that most Filipinos in their youth use to refer a group who
share the same social inclinations.
6. Social networks is consist of individuals who have a dynamic relationships that
are interacting with other relationships within a structure.
7. A visual representation of the social groups present in one group or more is
sociogram.
8. The concept of group is one of the important concerns of sociological research.
9. The process of bringing order and meaning into the human life and the
subsequent stable pattern of relation is called social organization.
10. In studying social behavior, one has to examine the most common and most
familiar of social units which is the group.

Activity 5: Graphic Organizer

Direction: Explain the functions of social organization through graphic organizer.

Activity 6: Reflect Upon

1. Is having a group play a significant role in your life?
2. What are the advantages and the disadvantages of having/to be in a group?
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Activity 7: Self-Assessment
Why Do We Need Social Interaction?
Social interaction has always been an excellent indicator of sanity. Or at least, that
is what previous scholars would like every person to believe. Today, social
interaction is much more than just a show-off of skills, but it has been proven to be
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a real source of happiness and a need for the human mind. With that, the following
are the reasons why we all need social interaction.
Direction: Please rate if you agree or disagree with each of the following statements
by placing a check mark in the appropriate box.
Criteria Agree Disagree
1. Psychologically, it prevents us from ever feeling alone
A. Whenever a person would feel alone, he would
experience any one of the following:
 Distrust – this is the feeling that one would get when he
lost touch with how to trust people. This one also means
that the individual loses trust in himself such that he
may have a hard time even making small decisions like
what restaurant to visit and what to do on a work-free
day.
 Emotional conflict – when a person feels alone, he has
this emotional conflict that boils inside him. All of the
things that he is worried about comes out, and he gets
drowned in his problems.
 Lack of social support – when a person feels alone, he
lacks the much needed social support that he needs to
get and this lead to further mental problems like anxiety
and depression.
2. It distracts us from things that we have no control over.
If you are the type of person, who is always worried about
tomorrow, having just the right amount of social
interactions would allow you to have that feeling of fun and
excitement and lose focus on the things that you are
dealing. For example, if you are having trouble at work and
you feel overwhelmed by it, there is nothing good that
would happen if you would sit in a corner and
weep. Hence, you need to get out and have fun so you can
face the troubles again tomorrow. In a way, you allow your
brain to reboot and therefore giving you time to enhance
your emotional capability and mental capacity of dealing
with the problem.
3. It allows us to have fun and enjoy the company of others.
We need others to make us feel wanted – this one is a fact.
Whether you are working alone or with a group, you still
need to have social interaction that would allow you to be
you. This one prevents a person from getting burn out and
losing his mind over the small things.
4. We see a world that is bigger than ours. If you think that
the world revolves around your troubles, you are probably
not going out much. People who have just the right amount
of social interaction have a better understanding of what
the world is all about. Hence, it gives them a certain level
of peace.

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5. There is a chance that we would find our kind of crowd
when we give a random social interaction a chance. You
might end up seeing your next Saturday group or your next
book club if you give going out a possibility. You may also
find the right kind of people to spend sports events. All
you need is to allow yourself to have social interaction
randomly and everything will be alright.
6. We prevent ourselves from losing grip on reality. When
a person lacks the right amount of social interactions, he
may end up with the following experiences:
Depression
Impaired immune and cardiovascular functioning
Poor sleep and appetite
Social isolation
Substance abuse
Suicidal thoughts and behavior
Now that you know why you need to have social interactions, you also need to know about
the things that could help you do a face to face interaction in the world of social media.
The following are some of the things that you can do to start your much-needed
interaction.
Join gatherings and see to it that you fully commit yourself to
it. If you are in a party, be at the party. You should stop thinking
about the things that you still need to do and enjoy the flow of
everything. You are going to have the time of your life, and your
brain is also detoxified giving you more time to work on things that
are bothering you with more enthusiasm.
Make sure that you are always ready to have a weekend off
from your life and interact with the world. Weekdays are for work
and weekends are for socializing. Never forget that you do not live
to work but that you work to live so have fun and go out. Hence,
schedule your weekends for socializing. You do not need to give
the full weekend to it. How about some Friday night jams? You can
also try some Saturday indoor/outdoor games with some of your
friends/families. Brunch is also right on Sundays. If you are already
feeling a little adventurous, why not try jogging/walking where you
can meet new friends? Whatever it is that you want to do, you must
be open to it and dedicate time to it as well.
Spend 2 hours at a public park. You do not even need to do
anything at the park. Read a book and see how people
interact. Find solace in being surrounded by people, and you may
find yourself in the process.
Take a jog or join a marathon. These activities allow you to
expand your mind and exercise your body. You may also get to
meet people and share experiences about previous marathons and
events that you enjoy.
Join a book club. A book club may not be an enjoyable activity,
but for those with very introverted personalities, this one is the best
way of making sure that you still socialize.
Schedule get-togethers with your friends during the
weekends. Seeing your friends, even if you are going to attend a
concert, or see a play, could help you become more social as it
expands your network and you get to meet other people along the
way.
Do you have any other tips on how to develop social interaction you would like to share or to
expand any of the statement above? Try to share it by writing.

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______________________________________________________________________

Activity 8: Collage
Direction: With your friends in class (previous class), create a collage made of
pictures that showcase the reasons that you bond as a group. Highlight the
characteristics that you share such as hobbies, places visited, and favorite
celebrities. Do this in a long size bond paper.

Collage Rubric

CATEGO
RY 4 3 2 1
All of the graphics or Most of the graphics or Only a few graphics or None of the graphics or
Creativity objects used in the objects used in the objects reflect student objects reflects student
collage reflect a degree collage reflect student creativity, but the creativity.
of student creativity in creativity in their display. ideas were typical
their display. rather than creative.

Design Graphics are cut to an 1-2 graphics are lacking 3-4 graphics are Graphics are not an
appropriate size, shape in design or placement. lacking in design or appropriate size shape.
and are arranged neatly. There may be a few placement. Too much Glue marks evident.
Care has been taken to smudges or glue marks. background is Most of the background
balance the pictures showing. There are is showing. It appears
across the area. Items noticeable smudges or little attention was given
are glued neatly and glue marks. to designing the collage.
securely.

Time and Much time and effort Class time was used Class time was not Class time was not used
Effort went into the planning wisely. Student could always used wisely. wisely and the student
and design of the have put in more time put in no additional effort.
collage. It is clear the and effort.
student used class time
efficiently.

Attention The student gives a The student gives a The student gives a The student's
to Theme reasonable explanation reasonable explanation fairly reasonable explanations are weak
of how every item in the of how most items in the explanation of how and illustrate difficulty
collage is related to the collage are related to most items in the understanding how to
assigned theme. For the assigned theme. For collage are related to relate items to the
most items, the many of the items, the the assigned theme. assigned theme.
relationship is clear relationship is clear
without explanation. without explanation.

Presentatio The student speaks The student speaks The student The student does not
n clearly, with confidence clearly, with confidence somewhat speaks speak clearly, without
and poise. Completely and poise. Reasonably clearly, with confidence and poise.
conveys message of conveys message of confidence and poise. Does not convey
collage as it relates to collage as it relates to Somewhat conveys message of collage as it
personal style choices. personal style choices. message of collage as relates to personal style
it relates to personal choices
style choices

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Activity 9: Post-test
I. Classification
Direction: Write the words in their appropriate categories.
 Childhood friends
 Criminals
 Drug addicts
 Family
 Fraternity
 Hospital
 Peer group
 Project group
 School
 Shopkeeper-customer
 Sports team opponent
 People gathered to see a Joker in a public place
 People standing in a street corner waiting for a jeepney
 People sharing an elevator ride as they go shopping at Gaisano mall.
 Women who observed that females are discriminated and form a Women’s
Movement to redress inequality
AGGREGATES SOCIAL CATREGORY PRIMARY
1. 3. 4.
2. 5.
SECONDARY REFERENCE FORMAL
6. 8. 11.
7. 9. 12.
10.
INFORMAL UNSOCIAL
13. 14.
15.
II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and understand the statements. Choose the letter of the correct
answer.
1. What refers to the group of two or more persons who are in social interaction
guided by similar norms, values, expectations and who maintain a stable pattern of
relations over a period?
A. aggregate
B. collectivity
C. social category
D. social group

2. What refers to the patterned social relationships and interrelationship of the parts
guided by norms, expectations, and values of the social unit’s members?
A. social institutions
B. social networks
C. social organization
D. social structure

3. This refers to how a society is structured and how members of a society organize
to facilitate social cooperation. This term is called __________.
A. social institutions
B. social networks
C. social organization
D. social structure
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4. It consists of individuals who have a dynamic relationships that are interacting
with other relationships within a structure. What term is it?
A. social institutions
B. social networks
C. social organization
D. social structure

5. A group of lawyers formed a Human Rights Organization to look into cases of

people whose civil rights have been tampled upon. This statement is an example of
__________.
A. aggregate
B. collectivity
C. social category
D. social group

6. Which of the following does not demonstrate aggregates?

A. People lining up for their purchase in the supermarket.
B. People standing in a street corner waiting for a jeepney.
C. People sharing an elevator ride as they go shopping at Gaisano mall.
D. Women who observed that females are discriminated and form a Women’s
Movement to redress inequality.

7. Which of the following explains the idea of in-group?

A. It becomes the individual’s frame of reference and source for ordering his/her
experiences.
B. It is characterized by intimacy, sympathetic understanding and friendliness
among the members.
C. It is a group which an individual is in sufficient contact with as to be aware of
its existence, but which he/she is prone to criticize or ridicule.
D. It is the group with which the individual identifies and which gives him/her a
sense of belonging, solidarity, camaraderie, and a protective attitude towards
the other members.

8. Which of the following can increase the power of a group to influence a member?
A. The size of membership
B. The obscurity of the group
C. Participation of members in making decisions
D. Peer pressure from other members to conform

9. Which of the following BEST describes the distinction between primary and
secondary group?
A. Primary group has an administrative machinery that is aimed to enable
members to meet their goals while secondary group tends to impose patterns
of conformity on their members.
B. Primary groups are characterized by intimacy, sympathetic understanding
and friendliness among members while secondary group is the group to
which the individual relates or aspires to relate to psychologically.
C. Primary group is a small face-to-face structures in which members feel a
sense of belonging sharing the same interest while secondary groups are
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 groups in which relationships are impersonal and widely separate focusing
on the development of skills which enables the members to perform
effectively.
D. In primary group, there is a “we” feeling generated among the members of
the group, who are immediately aware of those who do not belong to the
group while secondary group exists in the perceptions of the in group
members and takes on a social reality as a result of behavior by in-group
members who use the out-group as a negative point of reference.

10. Which of the following is TRUE in the diagram?

I. It consists multiple arrangements such as a clique, one-way choice, and an

isolate.
II. It consists of individuals who have dyadic relationships interacting within the
structure.
III. It is a sample of sociogram with a visual representation of the social network
present in one or more group.
IV. It depicts the interrelationships, or the lack thereof, among the members of
social structure.
A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. I, II and III
D. I, III and IV

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 Activity 1: Pre-test
1. C 6. D II. Multiple Choice
2. B 7. A 1. D
3. A 8. D 2. D
4. D 9. C 3. C
5. A 10. D 4. B
5. C
6. D
7. D
8. C
9. C
10. D

Contreras, A.P., Dela Cruz, AR.D., Erasga, D.S., Fadrigon, C.C. (2016). Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
References pages 138-145. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Lanuza, G.M. & Raymundo S.S. (2016). Understanding Culture, Society and Politics pages 2-15. Quezon City, : Rex
Printing Company, Inc.

Panopio, I.S. & Raymundo, A.A. (2004). Sociology Focus in the Philippines pages 155-183. Quezon City: KEN Inc.

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