Cisco Aironet Workgroup Bridge

Software Configuration Guide

340 and 350 Series

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Cisco Aironet Workgroup Bridge Software Configuration Guide

Copyright © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
 C O N T E N T S

Preface ix

Audience x

Organization x

Conventions xi

Related Publications xi

Obtaining Documentation xi
World Wide Web xi
Documentation CD-ROM xii
Ordering Documentation xii
Documentation Feedback xii
Obtaining Technical Assistance xiii
Cisco.com xiii
Technical Assistance Center xiii
Contacting TAC by Using the Cisco TAC Website xiii
Contacting TAC by Telephone xiv

CHA PTER 1 Workgroup Bridge Overview 1-1

Overview 1-2

Data Transparency and Protocols 1-2

Ethernet Compatibility and Protocols Supported 1-2

Radio Characteristics 1-2

Radio Ranges 1-3

Radio Antenna 1-3

Security Features 1-3

Terminology 1-3

Bridge Configuration 1-4

CHA PTER 2 Using the Console System 2-1

Starting a Telnet Session 2-2

Main Menu 2-2

Submenus 2-3
Commands and Information 2-3
Commands that Display Information 2-4

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Command-Line Mode 2-4

Web Access 2-5

About the Menus 2-6

CHA PTER 3 Using the Configuration Menu 3-1

Viewing the Configuration Menu 3-2

Configuration Menu Options 3-2

Using the Configuration Security Menu 3-3

Using the Configuration Console Menu 3-4

Setting Privilege Levels and Passwords (Rpassword, Wpassword) 3-4
Controlling Remote Access (Display, Add, Delete) 3-5
Display 3-5
Add 3-5
Delete 3-6
Setting Up SNMP Communities (Communities) 3-6
Displaying Communities (Display) 3-6
Adding a Community (Add) 3-7
Removing a Community (Remove) 3-7
Setting a Community Access Mode (Access) 3-7
Enabling Remote NMS to Change Community Setup (Remote) 3-7
Setting the Terminal Type (Type) 3-7
Enabling Linemode (Linemode) 3-7
Using the Configuration Time Menu (Time) 3-8
Configuration Time Menu Options 3-8
Saving Configuration Parameters 3-8
Backing Up Your Configuration (Dump) 3-9

Restoring Your Configuration 3-10

CHA PTER 4 Configuring the Radio Network 4-1

Using the Configuration Radio Menu 4-2

Establishing an SSID (Ssid) 4-2
Selecting the Data Rate and Basic Rate (Rates, Basic_rates) 4-2
Setting the World Mode (World) 4-2
Using the Configuration Radio IEEE 802.11 Menu (I80211) 4-3
Setting the RF Request To Send/Clear To Send (RTS/CTS) Parameter (Rts) 4-3
Privacy Menu (Privacy) 4-3
Steps for Enabling Encryption 4-4
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) 4-6

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Using the Configuration Radio Link Tests Menu (Linktests) 4-6

Running a Signal Strength Test (Strength) 4-6
Running an Alignment Test (Align) 4-6
Running a Multicast Test (Multicast) 4-7
Running a Unicast Test (Unicast) 4-7
Running a Remote Link Test (Remote) 4-8
Specifying the Target Address (Destination) 4-8
Setting the Packet Size and Count (Size, Count) 4-8
Rate (Rate) 4-8
Viewing Errors (Errors) 4-8
Setting the Automatic Link Test Mode (Autotest) 4-9
Continuously Running a Link Test (Continuous) 4-9
Using the Configuration Radio Extended Menu (Extended) 4-10
Setting the Parent ID (Parentid, Parent_timeout) 4-10
Setting Retry Transmission Time (Count_retry) 4-10
Setting the Refresh Time (Refresh) 4-10
Diversity (Diversity) 4-11
Setting the Power Level (Power) 4-11
Setting Fragment Size (Fragment) 4-11
Options (Options) 4-11

CHA PTER 5 Configuring the Ethernet Port 5-1

Using the Configuration Ethernet Menu 5-2

Enabling / Disabling the Ethernet Port (Active) 5-2
Setting the Maximum Ethernet Frame Size (Size) 5-2
Adding, Removing, and Displaying Client Node Addresses
(Add, Remove, Display) 5-2
Add, Remove, and Display Ethernet MAC Addresses 5-2
Add Ethernet MAC addresses 5-3
Remove Ethernet MAC Addresses 5-3
Display List of Ethernet MAC addresses 5-3
Determining the Bridge’s Idle Time (Staletime) 5-3
Overriding the Staletime Setting (Keep) 5-3

CHA PTER 6 Setting Network Identifiers 6-1

Using the Configuration Identity Menu 6-2

Using the Internet Bootstrap Protocol and Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (Bootp/DHCP) 6-2
Using BOOTP Protocol for File Downloads 6-2
Establishing a Node Name (Name) 6-3

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Configuring DHCP Servers (Class) 6-3

Assigning an IP Address (Inaddr) 6-3
Specifying the IP Subnet Mask (Inmask) 6-3
Specifying the Internet Default Gateway (Gateway) 6-4
Configuring the IP Routing Table (Routing) 6-4
Displaying the Routing Table (Display) 6-4
Entering a Host Route (Host) 6-5
Entering an Infrastructure Route (Net) 6-5
Deleting a Route (Delete) 6-5
Using DNS Server Names (DNS1) 6-5
Using DNS Server Names (DNS2) 6-5
Using Name Domains (Domain) 6-5
Setting SNMP Location and Contact Identifiers
(Location, Contact) 6-5

CHA PTER 7 Viewing Statistics 7-1

Viewing the Statistics Menu 7-2

Viewing Throughput Statistics (Throughput) 7-2
Interpreting Throughput Statistics 7-3
Viewing Error Statistics (Radio) 7-3
Interpreting Radio Error Statistics 7-3
Viewing Error Statistics (Ethernet) 7-4
Interpreting Ethernet Error Statistics 7-4
Displaying Overall Status (Status) 7-5
Displaying the Network Map (Map) 7-6
Recording a Statistic History (Watch) 7-6
Displaying a Statistic History (History) 7-7
Interpreting Statistic History 7-7
Displaying Node Information (Nodes) 7-8
Interpreting Node Information Statistics 7-8
Displaying ARP Information (ARP) 7-8
Setting Screen Display Time (Display_time) 7-9

CHA PTER 8 Using the Association Table 8-1

Overview 8-2

Using the Association Menu 8-2

Displaying the Association Table (Display) 8-2
Association Table Options 8-2
Specifying How Node Addresses are Displayed (Niddisp) 8-3

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CHA PTER 9 Using Filters 9-1

Overview 9-2

Using the Filter Menu 9-2

Filtering Multicast Addresses (Multicast) 9-2
Setting the Default Action (Default) 9-2
Displaying the Filters (Show) 9-3
Adding a Multicast Filter (Add) 9-3
Removing a Filter (Remove) 9-3
Filtering Node Addresses (Node) 9-3
Setting the Default (Ethdst) 9-3
Displaying the Node Address Filters (Display) 9-4
Displaying the IP to Network Address Table (IPdisplay) 9-4
Updating Specific Node Address Filters (Add/Remove) 9-4
Filtering Protocols (Protocol) 9-4
Setting the Default Action (Default) 9-5
Enabling Unicast Packet Filtering (Unicast) 9-5
Displaying the Filters (Display) 9-5
Adding a Filter (Add) 9-6
Removing an Entry (Remove) 9-8
Length of Data Displayed in Log Action (Length) 9-8
Protocol Monitoring (Monitor/ Show/ Clear) 9-8
Accessing Packet Direction (Direction) 9-8

CHA PTER 10 Setting Up Event Logs 10-1

Event Logs 10-2

Information Log 10-2
Error Log 10-2
Severe Error Log 10-3
Using the Logs Menu 10-3
Viewing the History Log (History) 10-4
Interpreting the History Log 10-4
Clearing the History Buffer (Clear) 10-4
Specifying the Type of Log to Print (Printlevel) 10-5
Specifying the Type of Log to Save (Loglevel) 10-5
Specifying the Type of Event to Light Status Indicators (Ledlevel) 10-5
Setting Statistic Parameters (Statistics) 10-5
Logging Network Roaming (Network) 10-6
Backbone Nodes (Bnodelog) 10-6
SNMP Traps (Snmp) 10-7

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Setting SNMP Trap Destinations (Trapdest) 10-7

Specifying Community Names for Trap Messages (Trapcomm) 10-7
Specifying the Type of Event to Cause an SNMP Trap (Loglevel) 10-7
Logging Failed Attempts (Authtrap) 10-8
Forwarding Events to a UNIX System (Syslog, SysLevel, Facility, Rcvsyslog) 10-8

CHA PTER 11 Performing Diagnostics 11-1

Using the Diagnostics Menu 11-2

Using the Network Menu (Network) 11-2
Starting a Telnet Session (Connect) 11-2
Changing the Escape Sequence (Escape) 11-3
Sending a Ping Packet (Ping) 11-3
Physically Locating a Bridge (Find) 11-3
Running a Link Test (Linktests) 11-3
Restarting the Bridge (Restart) 11-3
Returning the Bridge to the Default Configuration (Defaults/Reset) 11-4
Loading New Code Versions (Load) 11-4
Downloading or Uploading Firmware Using FTP (Ftp) 11-4
Distributing Firmware or Configuration (Distribute) 11-7

APPENDIX A Workgroup Bridge Specifications A-1

LAN Interface Supported A-1

Radio Characteristics A-1

Physical Specifications A-2

APPENDIX B Console Menu Tree B-1

Main Menu B-1

Configuration Menu B-2

Statistics Menu B-3

Association Menu B-3

Filter Menu B-4

Logs Menu B-4

Diagnostics Menu B-5

INDEX

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 Preface

This publication explains the steps for configuration, control, and maintenance of the Cisco Aironet
workgroup bridge.
The following topics are covered in this section:
• Audience, page x
• Organization, page x
• Conventions, page xi
• Related Publications, page xi
• Obtaining Documentation, page xi
• Obtaining Technical Assistance, page xiii

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 Preface
Audience

Audience
This publication is for the person configuring and operating a workgroup bridge. The person should be
familiar with network structures and with network terms and concepts.

Organization
The major sections of this guide are:
• Chapter 1, “Workgroup Bridge Overview,” contains a general overview and a summary of key
features.
• Chapter 2, “Using the Console System,” introduces the Console System, the Main menu, and shows
you how to set up and configure the bridge’s parameters.
• Chapter 3, “Using the Configuration Menu,” provides an overview of the Configuration menu and
how to save and restore your configurations.
• Chapter 4, “Configuring the Radio Network,” contains detailed procedures for configuring the radio
network.
• Chapter 5, “Configuring the Ethernet Port,” contains detailed procedures for configuring the
Ethernet port.
• Chapter 6, “Setting Network Identifiers,” outlines the procedures for setting the bridge’s Network
Identifiers.
• Chapter 7, “Viewing Statistics,” describes how to use the Statistics menu to monitor the performance
of the bridge.
• Chapter 8, “Using the Association Table,” provides an introduction to the association process and
detailed procedures for setting up the bridge’s association table.
• Chapter 9, “Using Filters,” describes the use of filters to improve network performance.
• Chapter 10, “Setting Up Event Logs,” outlines the procedures for setting up event logs and lists the
common error log messages received on the bridge.
• Chapter 11, “Performing Diagnostics,” provides detailed procedures for restarting your bridge,
returning to your default configuration, and loading new firmware versions.
• Appendix A, “Workgroup Bridge Specifications,” details the bridge radio and physical
specifications.
• Appendix B, “Console Menu Tree,” provides menu maps for the bridge’s configuration menus.

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 Preface
Conventions

Conventions
This publication uses the following conventions to convey instructions and information:
• Commands and keywords are in boldface type.
• Web-browser page links are underlined.

Note Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to materials not contained
in this manual.

Timesaver Means the described action saves time. You can save time by performing the action described in the
paragraph.

Caution Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in equipment
damage or loss of data.

Related Publications
For more information about installation and related products, refer to the following publications:
• Cisco Aironet Workgroup Bridge Hardware Installation Guide
• Mounting Instructions for Cisco Aironet 340 and 350 Series Access Points, Base Stations, and
Workgroup Bridges
• Release Notes for Cisco Aironet Workgroup Bridges

Obtaining Documentation
The following sections provide sources for obtaining documentation from Cisco Systems.

World Wide Web

You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at the following sites:
• http://www.cisco.com
• http://www-china.cisco.com
• http://www-europe.cisco.com

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 Preface
Obtaining Documentation

Documentation CD-ROM
Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a CD-ROM package, which ships
with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated monthly and may be more current than
printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or as an annual subscription.

Ordering Documentation
Cisco documentation is available in the following ways:
• Registered Cisco Direct Customers can order Cisco Product documentation from the Networking
Products MarketPlace:
http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl
• Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online Subscription
Store:
http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription
• Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by
calling Cisco corporate headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, in North America, by
calling 800 553-NETS(6387).

Documentation Feedback
If you are reading Cisco product documentation on the World Wide Web, you can submit technical
comments electronically. Click Feedback in the toolbar and select Documentation. After you complete
the form, click Submit to send it to Cisco.
You can e-mail your comments to [email protected].
To submit your comments by mail, use the response card behind the front cover of your document, or
write to the following address:
Attn Document Resource Connection
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-9883
We appreciate your comments.

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 Preface
Obtaining Technical Assistance

Obtaining Technical Assistance

Cisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can
obtain documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools. For Cisco.com
registered users, additional troubleshooting tools are available from the TAC website.

Cisco.com
Cisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open
access to Cisco information and resources at anytime, from anywhere in the world. This highly
integrated Internet application is a powerful, easy-to-use tool for doing business with Cisco.
Cisco.com provides a broad range of features and services to help customers and partners streamline
business processes and improve productivity. Through Cisco.com, you can find information about Cisco
and our networking solutions, services, and programs. In addition, you can resolve technical issues with
online technical support, download and test software packages, and order Cisco learning materials and
merchandise. Valuable online skill assessment, training, and certification programs are also available.
Customers and partners can self-register on Cisco.com to obtain additional personalized information and
services. Registered users can order products, check on the status of an order, access technical support,
and view benefits specific to their relationships with Cisco.
To access Cisco.com, go to the following website:
http://www.cisco.com

Technical Assistance Center

The Cisco TAC website is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product
or technology that is under warranty or covered by a maintenance contract.

Contacting TAC by Using the Cisco TAC Website

If you have a priority level 3 (P3) or priority level 4 (P4) problem, contact TAC by going to the TAC
website:
http://www.cisco.com/tac
P3 and P4 level problems are defined as follows:
• P3—Your network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably impaired, but most
business operations continue.
• P4—You need information or assistance on Cisco product capabilities, product installation, or basic
product configuration.
In each of the above cases, use the Cisco TAC website to quickly find answers to your questions.
To register for Cisco.com, go to the following website:
http://www.cisco.com/register/
If you cannot resolve your technical issue by using the TAC online resources, Cisco.com registered users
can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at the following website:
http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen

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 Preface
Obtaining Technical Assistance

Contacting TAC by Telephone

If you have a priority level 1(P1) or priority level 2 (P2) problem, contact TAC by telephone and
immediately open a case. To obtain a directory of toll-free numbers for your country, go to the following
website:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml
P1 and P2 level problems are defined as follows:
• P1—Your production network is down, causing a critical impact to business operations if service is
not restored quickly. No workaround is available.
• P2—Your production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects of your business
operations. No workaround is available.

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 C H A P T E R 1
Workgroup Bridge Overview

This chapter provides an overview of the workgroup bridge and how it operates in a wireless
infrastructure.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Overview, page 1-2
• Data Transparency and Protocols, page 1-2
• Ethernet Compatibility and Protocols Supported, page 1-2
• Radio Characteristics, page 1-2
• Radio Ranges, page 1-3
• Radio Antenna, page 1-3
• Security Features, page 1-3
• Terminology, page 1-3
• Bridge Configuration, page 1-4

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 Chapter 1 Workgroup Bridge Overview
Overview

Overview
The Cisco Aironet Workgroup Bridge (hereafter referred to as the bridge) is a small, stand-alone unit
that provides a wireless infrastructure connection for Ethernet-enabled devices. Figure 1 on page 1-5
shows a typical network configuration. A device connected to a bridge communicates with a network
infrastructure through a Cisco Aironet Access Point (hereafter referred to as an access point). The bridge
connects to a device through a standard Ethernet port using a 10BASE-T/RJ-45 (twisted pair) connector.
The bridge provides wireless LAN connections for up to eight devices connected to a hub through an
Ethernet cable.

Data Transparency and Protocols

The bridge transports data packets transparently as they move through the wireless infrastructure.
The bridge is also protocol-independent for all packets except those addressed specifically to the bridge
or sent as multicast address packets. Depending on the address, packets are processed as follows:
• Packets addressed specifically to the bridge are examined based on the protocol header. If the
protocol is recognized, the packet is processed.
• Multicast address packets are also examined based on the protocol header and are processed whether
the protocol is recognized or not. If protocol filtering is enabled, then the appropriate parts of the
packet are examined.
• All other packets are processed without an examination of the contents of the packet and without
regard to the protocol used.

Ethernet Compatibility and Protocols Supported

The bridge attaches directly to a 10BASE-T (twisted pair) Ethernet LAN segment. This segment must
conform to IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet Blue Book specifications.
The bridge supports the following protocols:
• TCP/IP
• SNMP: the resident agent is compliant with the MIB-I and MIB-II standards, TCP/IP-based
networks, as well as a custom MIB for specialized control of the system.

Radio Characteristics
The bridge uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) transmission. It combines high data
throughput with excellent immunity to interference. The bridge operates in the 2.4-GHz license-free
Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band and transmits over a half-duplex radio channel operating
at up to 11 megabits per second (Mbps).

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Chapter 1 Workgroup Bridge Overview
Radio Ranges

Radio Ranges
Because the bridge is a radio device, it is susceptible to common causes of interference that can reduce
throughput and range. Follow these guidelines to ensure the best possible performance:
• Install the bridge in an area where large steel structures such as shelving units, bookcases, and filing
cabinets will not obstruct radio signals to and from the bridge.
• Install the bridge away from microwave ovens. Microwave ovens operate on the same frequency as
the bridge and can cause signal interference.
• Clear or open areas provide better radio range than closed or filled areas. Also, the less cluttered the
work environment, the greater the range.

Radio Antenna
The bridge comes with two possible antenna configurations: one captured antenna or two reverse-TNC
antenna connectors to which the user can attach one or two antennas.

Security Features
The bridge offers the following security features:
• DSSS technology, previously developed for military “anti-jamming” and “low probability of
intercept” radio systems.
• Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), an IEEE 802.11 feature that provides data confidentiality
equivalent to a wired LAN without crypto techniques.
• A service set identifier (SSID) that must match the SSID used by the parent access point.
• The ability to set passwords and privilege levels.

Terminology
In describing wireless LANs and LAN components, Cisco Aironet uses the following terminology:
Association—each root unit or repeater (defined later in this section) in the infrastructure contains an
association table that controls the routing of packets between the access point and the wireless
infrastructure. The association table maintains entries for all the nodes situated below the access point
on the infrastructure including repeaters and client nodes.
Cell—the area of radio range or coverage in which the bridge can communicate with the access point.
The size of a single cell depends upon the speed of the transmission, the type of antenna used, and the
physical environment as well as other factors.
End node—a client device such as a workstation or laptop computer that has a wired Ethernet
connection to the bridge though a hub.
Infrastructure—the communications system that combines access points, bridges, mobile nodes and
fixed nodes. access points within the infrastructure can be root units, which are physically wired to the
LAN backbone, or they can act as wireless repeaters (defined later in this section). Other wireless
devices serve as fixed nodes or mobile nodes.

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 Chapter 1 Workgroup Bridge Overview
Bridge Configuration

Parent/child node—refers to the relationships between nodes in the wireless infrastructure. The
complete set of relationships is sometimes described as a network tree. For example, the access point (at
the top of the tree) is the parent of the end nodes, and the end nodes are the children of the access point.
Repeater—an access point that extends the radio range of the infrastructure. A repeater is not physically
attached to the wired LAN but communicates by radio to another access point, which is either a root unit
or another repeater.
Root unit—a point that is located at the top, or starting point, of a wireless infrastructure. A root unit
provides the physical connection to the wired LAN and contains configuration information in its
association table that covers all nodes that access the wired infrastructure. All access points directly
attached to the wired LAN backbone are root units.

Bridge Configuration
Figure 1-1 shows a typical configuration for a wireless LAN that incorporates a bridge.

Figure 1-1 Workgroup Bridge Connected to a LAN

Wired LAN
File server

Access point

Workgroup
bridge
Station with
radio card

Hub
1X 2X
ETHERN
ET 3X
SPEED
4X
LED
100BaseTX
SOLID 1 2 3
10BaseT 4
BLINK 5 6 7
8

5X 6X 7X 8X
MDI

Workstation
MDI-X

Workstation

Laptop
Workstation
39283

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 C H A P T E R 2
Using the Console System

This chapter describes the console system of the bridge. This system contains all commands necessary
to configure and monitor the operation of the bridge.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Starting a Telnet Session, page 2-2
• Main Menu, page 2-2
• Web Access, page 2-5
• About the Menus, page 2-6

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Starting a Telnet Session

Starting a Telnet Session

Follow these steps to configure the bridge with a Telnet session:

Step 1 On your computer’s Start menu, choose Programs > Accessories > Telnet.
If Telnet is not listed in your Accessories menu, click Start > Run, type Telnet in the entry field, and
press Enter.
Step 2 When the Telnet window appears, click Connect and select Remote System. In Windows 2000, the
Telnet window does not contain pull-down menus. To start the Telnet session in Windows 2000, type
open followed by the bridge’s IP address, and skip to Step 4.
Step 3 In the Host Name field, type the bridge’s IP address provided by the IP Finder utility. (See the bridge’s
hardware installation guide for detailed instructions on using the IP Finder Utility.)
Step 4 Click Connect.

Main Menu
After the bridge is assigned an IP address and is connected wirelessly to the infrastructure, you can
connect to the console system from a remote PC or host by using the Telnet program. When the
connection is made, the Main menu displays. The console system is organized as a set of menus. Each
selection in a menu list can lead to a submenu or displays a command that configures or displays
information controlling the bridge. Here is the Main menu.

Each menu contains the following elements:

• Title line: contains the product name, firmware version and menu name. It also contains the unique
name assigned to the bridge. See Chapter 6 “Setting Network Identifiers.”
• Option column: displays the menu options and option number.
• Value column : displays either the value as [menu] or displays the current settings for the option. If
the value is [menu], there are additional submenus available.
• Description column : provides a brief description of each option on the menu.
• Enter an option number or name >: the cursor prompt used to type an option number, name, or
command.

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Main Menu

To select an item from the menu, type either the number displayed beside the selection or the name listed
in the option column and then press Enter. If you use the name method, you need to type only enough
characters to make the name unique from the other selection names in the menu. The Backspace key
deletes a single character and the Delete key deletes the entire line.

Submenus
If the selection is a submenu, the new menu will display. You can choose a selection from this menu or
return to the previous menu by pressing the Escape key. To return to the Main menu, type the equal sign
(=) at the cursor prompt.

Commands and Information

If your selection is a command, you might be prompted for the following information before it executes:
• Token: a list of one or more fixed strings. To select a particular token, you need to type only enough
of the starting characters of the token for it to be uniquely identified from the other tokens in the list.
Enter one of [off, readonly, write] : w

You need to type only: o, r, or w and then press Enter.

• String: an arbitrary amount of characters. The prompt indicates the allowable size range of the
string.
Enter a name of from 1 to 10 characters: “abc def”

If the string contains a space, enclose the string in quotation marks. To type an empty string, type
two quotation marks with nothing between them.
• Decimal integer: a number. The prompt will indicate the range of allowed values.
Enter a size between 1 and 100 : 99

• Hexadecimal integer: a number specified in hexadecimal using the characters 0-9 and a-f or A-F.
Enter a hex number between 1h and ffh : 1a

• Network address: an infrastructure or MAC level address of up to 12 characters.

Enter the remote network address : 4096123456

• IP address: an Internet address in the form of four numbers from 0 through 255 separated by dots
(.). Leading zeros in any of the numbers may be omitted.
Enter an IP address : 192.200.1.50

When all information is typed, the command executes. If the information typed changed a
configuration item, the new value is displayed in the menus.
Some configuration commands allow only one of two fixed values. When the menu item is selected,
the opposite value to the current value is chosen. For example, if the configuration item is only a
selection between on and off, and the current value is on, then selecting the menu option selects the
off value.
Some commands that have a severe effect on the operation of the bridge (such as the Restart
command) prompt to be sure you want to execute the command.
Are you sure [y/n] :

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Main Menu

If you type anything other than a y or a Y the command is not executed.

If you are being prompted for information, you can cancel the command and return to the menu by
pressing the Escape key.

Caution Changes to radio parameters take effect immediately. If your Telnet or browser session is accessing
the bridge over a radio link, you could lose the session because the bridge may no longer be
associated to an access point on the network. If this happens, it is necessary to change the access
point’s radio parameters to reestablish the radio link. You can also use a crossover cable to attach the
bridge to the Ethernet port on a PC to configure it.

Commands that Display Information

There are several types of commands that display information to the operator. All displays end with a
prompt. If nothing is typed at the prompt for 10 seconds, the display automatically refreshes.
• Single-page non-statistical displays end with the following prompt:
Enter space to re-display, q[uit] :

Any character other than a space causes the display to exit.

• Single-page statistical displays end with the following prompt:
Enter space to re-display, C[lear stats], q[uit] :

Typing a capital C resets all statistics to zero.

• Multiple-page table displays end with the following prompt:
Enter space to redisplay, f[irst], n[ext], p[revious], q[uit] :

Parts of the prompt may or may not be present depending on the display. If you are not at the first
page of the display, you can type an f to return to the first page or p to return to the previous page.
If you are not at the last page, you can type an n to go to the next page.

Command-Line Mode
Another way to move within the console system is to type commands directly from the Main menu.
Commands allow you to bypass the menu system and go directly to any level submenu or option. If you
are familiar with the options, you can include an option setting as part of the command.
To access the Radio Configuration menu (located two submenus down) but not change a setting, follow
these steps:

Step 1 At the Main menu prompt enter configuration radio.

Step 2 Press Enter. The Configuration Radio prompt appears.
Step 3 Press Enter again. The Configuration Radio menu appears.

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Web Access

To access the packet size option from the Radio link test menu (located three submenus down) and set a
packet size of 512 bytes, follow these steps:

Step 1 At the Main menu prompt enter configuration radio linktest size 512.
Step 2 Press Enter. The packet size is set and the Main menu appears.

Web Access
The bridge also supports access to the console system through an HTML browser. To start a connection,
go to this address:
http://ip address of bridge/

This figure shows the bridge’s Home page:

The Home page is the equivalent to the Main menu screen when you access the console system using
Telnet. In order to make changes to the bridge, you must click Allow Config Changes. When you click
a configuration link, its configuration page displays. This figure shows a typical Configuration Ethernet
page:

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 Chapter 2 Using the Console System
About the Menus

To make changes, enter the values for the parameter you want to change and click Save. You must click
Save for each parameter you change. When you have finished making changes, click Home to return to
the Home Page.

About the Menus

You can perform the following general functions using menus:
• Configuration: configure Ethernet and radio parameters, establish network identifications, enable
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), and set SNMP values. See Chapters 2 through 6.
• Statistics: provide statistical information such as transmit and receive data throughput, Ethernet and
radio errors, and the general status of the bridge. See Chapter 7, “Viewing Statistics.”
• Association table: contains the addresses of all radio nodes associated below the bridge on the
infrastructure. You may use the association table to display, add, and remove static entries and allow
automatic additions to the table. See Chapter 8, “Using the Association Table.”
• Filter: control packet filtering. The filter menu allows you to control forwarding of multicast
messages by blocking those multicast addresses and protocols that are not used on the radio network.
See Chapter 9, “Using Filters.”
• Logs: record all events and alarms that occur on the bridge. With the Logs menu, you can view
and/or print a history of all log entries, set alarm levels, and determine the type of logs you want to
save. See Chapter 10, “Setting Up Event Logs.”
• Diagnostics: run link tests between the bridge and other infrastructure nodes to test the quality of
the radio link. Use the Diagnostics function to load new code versions of the bridge’s firmware. See
Chapter 11, “Performing Diagnostics.”
• Privilege: set privilege levels and passwords to restrict access to the console system’s menus and
functions. See Chapter 3, “Using the Configuration Menu.”
• Help: view a brief help screen outlining the procedures for accessing menus and typing commands.

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Using the Configuration Menu

This chapter provides a general introduction to the Configuration menu and describes the procedures for
saving and restoring your configurations.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Viewing the Configuration Menu, page 3-2
• Configuration Menu Options, page 3-2
• Using the Configuration Security Menu, page 3-3
• Using the Configuration Console Menu, page 3-4
• Using the Configuration Time Menu (Time), page 3-8
• Backing Up Your Configuration (Dump), page 3-9
• Restoring Your Configuration, page 3-10

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Viewing the Configuration Menu

Viewing the Configuration Menu

After installation use the Configuration Menu commands to configure the bridge.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration

Configuration Menu Options

Radio: sets radio network parameters, such as system ID, frequency, and bit rate. See Chapter 4,
“Configuring the Radio Network.”
Security: enables Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) and connects to the Cisco Secure Access
Control Server (ACS). See the following section “Using the Configuration Security Menu.”
Ethernet: sets the Ethernet parameters. See Chapter 5, “Configuring the Ethernet Port.”
Identity: sets various network identifiers such as node names, network ID, and Internet address. See
Chapter 6, “Setting Network Identifiers.”
Console : controls access to the console system. See “Using the Configuration Console Menu” later in
this chapter.
Time: sets the time server and other network time parameters. See “Using the Configuration Time
Menu” later in this chapter.
Dump: backs up the configuration commands. See “Backing Up Your Configuration (Dump)” later in
this chapter.

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Using the Configuration Security Menu

Using the Configuration Security Menu

From the Configuration Security Menu you can enable EAP and ensure added wireless security. The
process for enabling EAP requires that you connect to your organization’s Cisco ACS server, which
requires a login and password, unique to your bridge. Follow your organization’s procedures for
obtaining the login and password for your bridge.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Security

To Enable EAP, follow these steps:

Step 1 Choose Security from the Configuration menu. The Configuration Security menu appears.
Step 2 Choose Mode. The following message appears:
Enter one of [off eap]

Step 3 Choose eap and press Enter to return to the Configuration Security menu.
Step 4 Choose Username. The following message appears:
Enter a string:

Step 5 Enter your bridge’s username and press Enter to return to the Configuration Security menu.
Step 6 Choose Userpwd. The following message appears:
Enter a string:

Step 7 Enter your bridge’s password and press Enter to return to the Configuration Security menu.
Step 8 Press Escape once to return to the Configuration menu or twice to return to the Main menu.

Caution Perform all the steps in the above procedure. Even with eap enabled, the bridge will not pass data
until you are connected to the ACS server.

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Using the Configuration Console Menu

Using the Configuration Console Menu

From the Configuration Console menu you can set up essential system parameters.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Console

Setting Privilege Levels and Passwords (Rpassword, Wpassword)

You can restrict access to the menus by setting privilege levels and passwords. Privilege levels are set
from the Main menu. Passwords are set from the Configuration Console menu.
There are three privilege levels:
• Logged out (off): denies access to all submenus. Users are only allowed access to the privilege and
help options of the Main menu.
• Read-only (readonly): allows read-only privileges for all submenus. Only those commands that do
not modify the configuration may be used.
• Read/write (write): allows users complete read and write access to all submenus and options.
Keep in mind the following when setting privilege levels and passwords:
• Only read-only and read/write privilege levels can be password protected.
• You can always go from a higher privilege level to a lower privilege level without a password. If you
try to go to a higher privilege level, you must type the password.
• Passwords are case sensitive.

To set a privilege level, follow these steps:

Step 1 Select Privilege from the Main menu. The following message appears:
Enter one of [off, readonly, write] :

Step 2 Type the first letter of your selection and press Enter.

To set a password, follow these steps:

Step 1 Select Configuration from the Main menu.

Step 2 Select Console from the Configuration menu.

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Using the Configuration Console Menu

Step 3 Select the appropriate password option from the Configuration Console menu:
• Rpassword: for read-only privilege
• WPassword: for read/write privilege
• None: type this text string if no password is needed
Step 4 If you select RPassword or WPassword, the following message appears:
Enter one of [none, a password of between 5 and 10 characters] :

Step 5 Type your password and press any key. The following message appears:
Enter the password again, one of [none, a password of between 5 and 10 characters] :

Step 6 Retype your password for confirmation.

Note After a privilege level is assigned, anyone attempting to access that level is prompted for the
password; therefore, you can set various privilege levels for individuals, providing them with access
to some options while denying them access to others. Remember that passwords are case sensitive.
If an incorrect password is typed, the console pauses briefly before reprompting. The connection is
dropped after three consecutive failures, and a severe error log is displayed.

Caution Make sure you write down the passwords you have established and keep them in a safe place. If you
forget your password, the bridge will have to be returned for factory servicing. Please contact Cisco
Technical Support for further instructions.

Controlling Remote Access (Display, Add, Delete)

Use the display, add, and delete options to create and manage a list of hosts that are allowed access to
the bridge’s console system. The list controls access from Telnet, HTTP, or FTP. SNMP access is
controlled separately on the Configuration SNMP Communities menu.
If the list of hosts is empty, any host in the infrastructure can attempt to connect. When the appropriate
password is provided, the connection is made. If the list contains entries, any host not on the list cannot
gain access. An entry in the list can be specified as an IP address or a MAC address.

Caution The first MAC or IP address you add should be that of the PC you are using to Telnet or browse to
the bridge.

Display
Displays a list of MAC or IP addresses of any stations permitted to access the bridge remotely.

Add
Adds a host to the remote host list. You are prompted for the address of the host to add.

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Using the Configuration Console Menu

Delete
Removes a host from the remote host list. You are prompted for the address of the host to remove.

Setting Up SNMP Communities (Communities)

The communities option contains a menu that allows control access to the SNMP agent. When you select
the communities option, the Configuration SNMP Communities menu appears.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Console > Communities

Displaying Communities (Display)

The display option lists the communities you have set. When you select display, an SNMP communities
list screen similar to the following appears.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Console > Communities > Display

An SNMP community consists of the following:

• Name: the default set of communities is Public, Proxy, Private, Regional, and Core. You can define
up to six community names. When a Network Management Station (NMS) requests information
from the unit’s agent, the community name in the request must match one of the names on the SNMP
communities list.
• Access Mode: displays the community access modes – Read-Write and Read Only. The default
access mode is Read Only.
• NMS IP Addresses: (optional) displays a list of allowed NMS IP addresses of the community. You
can define up to five IP addresses. The default setting is Any.
• NMS NID (Node ID): (optional) displays a list of allowed node IDs of the community. You can
define up to five node IDs. The default setting is Any.

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Using the Configuration Console Menu

Adding a Community (Add)

Use the add option to add a new community to the SNMP communities list. The default community
settings for the new community names are Read Only access, Any NMS IP address, and Any NID.

Removing a Community (Remove)

Use the remove option to remove a community from the SNMP communities list. You will be prompted
for the name of the community to remove.

Setting a Community Access Mode (Access)

Use the access option to set a community access mode. Choose from the following two options.
• Read-only (read): allows gets and get-nexts on any readable variable.
• Read/write (write): allows gets and get-nexts on any variable, as well as set requests on writeable
variables.
The default access setting for all community names is Read Only access.

Note An error response is returned to the NMS if the NMS is trying a set request used with a community
that has Read Only access.

Enabling Remote NMS to Change Community Setup (Remote)

The remote option controls whether the section of the custom MIB for the bridge allowing access to the
community name configuration is enabled or disabled.
• On: when remote is enabled an NMS with write access will be able to change the configuration and
access rights for the community names.
• Off: when remote is enabled an NMS will be able to change this part of the configuration.

Setting the Terminal Type (Type)

Sets the terminal type to Teletype (TTY), ANSI, or Colour.
If the terminal or emulation program you are using supports the ANSI escape sequences, you should use
ANSI.
• Teletype mode: displays text with little or no formatting. Screens are not cleared prior to new
screens appearing.
• ANSI mode: provides text in a formatted manner. In addition, the screen is cleared before each new
screen is displayed.
• Colour mode: provides text in ANSI mode with text and background color added.

Enabling Linemode (Linemode)

Enable linemode when working with Telnet and terminal emulators that do not send characters when
typed, but rather saves them until you press Return at the end of a line.

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Using the Configuration Time Menu (Time)

The Console does not automatically complete any typed commands or information when a space or
carriage return is inserted.
To enable linemode, choose Main > Configuration > Console > Linemode.

Note Some Telnet programs automatically invoke linemode by sending the appropriate Telnet commands
when they connect to the bridge.

Using the Configuration Time Menu (Time)

Use the Time menu to set time parameters.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Time

Configuration Time Menu Options

• Time_server: when there is an address of a time protocol server in this parameter, the bridge sends
a request to that server to acquire the time from that server.
• Sntp_server: when there is an address of a Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) server in this
parameter, the bridge sends a request to that server to acquire the time from that server.
• Offset: this option sets the number of minutes offset from Greenwich Mean Time. This must be set
properly.
• Dst: when Daylight Savings Time (DST) is set to on, the bridge automatically adjusts for DST
changes in spring and fall.

Saving Configuration Parameters

There is no explicit method or command to save your configuration changes. Changes you make are
automatically saved to nonvolatile Flash memory each time you set or modify a parameter. This ensures
the configuration is maintained during power failures or intentional power outages.
Most configuration settings become effective as soon as the command is executed. Those that do not
immediately become effective are noted in the command information.

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Backing Up Your Configuration (Dump)

Backing Up Your Configuration (Dump)

Once you have set the configuration parameters for the bridge, use the Dump option to dump the
configuration commands to the Telnet session. Capture these as text and save them as an ASCII file using
the logging option on the Telnet program.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Dump
To back up configurations, follow these steps:

Note Commands may vary depending on the communications program used.

Step 1 Connect to bridge using Telnet.

Step 2 From Telnet’s Terminal pull-down menu, choose Start Logging and name the file.
Step 3 Choose Main Menu > Configuration > Dump.
The following message appears:
Enter one of [all, non-default, distributable, ident, radio, filter, other]:

Step 4 Type one of the following options after the colon:

• All: to display the entire configuration.
• Non-default: to display only the configuration options that are different from the original default
settings.
• Distributable: to display only the configuration options that are not considered unique to this
bridge. You can use the menu sequence Main > Diagnostics > Load > Distribute to send this
configuration to other bridges in the infrastructure.
• Identity: to display only configuration options pertaining to the bridge’s network identifiers. See
Chapter 6, “Setting Network Identifiers.”
• Radio: to display only configuration options pertaining to the bridge’s radio network parameters.
See Chapter 4, “Configuring the Radio Network.”
• Filter: to display only configuration options pertaining to the bridge’s filters. See Chapter 9, “Using
Filters.”
• Other: to display other configuration options.
Step 5 Type one of the following options:
• Standard: to display the configuration in normal readable text form.
• Encoded: to display each configuration command by a unique number. This type of configuration
is the best to save because the number never changes during the life of the product. Text may change
or move as more items are added to the menus.
After you have typed one of these options, the configuration commands appear on the screen.
Step 6 Press Enter.
Step 7 Press Enter again to refresh screen.
Step 8 Choose Stop Logging from Terminal pull-down menu. See Step 2.

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 Chapter 3 Using the Configuration Menu
Restoring Your Configuration

Note You can also use the Config option to back up your configuration. See Chapter 11, “Performing
Diagnostics.”

Restoring Your Configuration

If your configuration is ever lost or corrupted, you can restore it by using the Load option from the
Diagnostics Load menu to move the configuration file into the bridge. The system automatically restores
your configuration based on these commands.

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Configuring the Radio Network

This chapter describes the procedures for configuring the bridge’s radio network.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Using the Configuration Radio Menu, page 4-2
• Establishing an SSID (Ssid), page 4-2
• Selecting the Data Rate and Basic Rate (Rates, Basic_rates), page 4-2
• Setting the World Mode (World), page 4-2
• Using the Configuration Radio IEEE 802.11 Menu (I80211), page 4-3
• Using the Configuration Radio Link Tests Menu (Linktests), page 4-6
• Using the Configuration Radio Extended Menu (Extended), page 4-10

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 Chapter 4 Configuring the Radio Network
Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Using the Configuration Radio Menu

From the Configuration Radio menu, you can configure the radio network.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio

Caution Changes to radio parameters take effect immediately. If your Telnet or browser session is accessing
the bridge over a radio link, you might lose the session because the bridge may no longer be
associated to an access point on the network. If this happens, it may be necessary to change the access
point’s radio parameters to reestablish the radio link. You can also use a crossover cable to attach the
bridge to the Ethernet port on a PC to configure it.

Establishing an SSID (Ssid)

The Ssid option establishes a unique identifier that the bridge uses to associate with the access point. The
SSID helps client devices distinguish between multiple wireless networks in the same vicinity. The SSID
can be any alphanumeric, case-sensitive entry from two to 32 characters long.

Selecting the Data Rate and Basic Rate (Rates, Basic_rates)

The Rates option sets the list of data rates at which the bridge will be allowed to send and receive radio
packets. The rate may be configured as an inclusive range (1 to 11) or as an individual rate (11).
The Basic_rates option determines the rate every radio node in the cell must support. If the basic rate is
not supported, the bridge is not allowed to associate. The lowest basic rate controls the rate at which all
multicast and broadcast packets are transmitted. The highest basic rate controls the bit rate at which the
management packets are transmitted.

Setting the World Mode (World)

The World option allows the bridge to automatically inherit channel configuration and output power
properties from the Cisco Aironet access point to which it associates. The World mode should be enabled
when the bridge is used outside the United States.

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Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Using the Configuration Radio IEEE 802.11 Menu (I80211)

Use the Radio IEEE 802.11 menu to configure RTS/CTS and encryption parameters.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio > I80211

Setting the RF Request To Send/Clear To Send (RTS/CTS) Parameter (Rts)

The Rts parameter determines the minimum-size transmitted packet that will use the RTS/CTS protocol.
The value typed must range from 0 to 2400 bytes. The default is 2048.
This protocol is most useful in infrastructures where the mobile nodes roam so far that the nodes on one
side of the cell cannot hear the transmission of the nodes on the other side of the cell.
When the transmitted packet is equal to or larger than the RTS threshold, an RTS packet is sent. The
destination node must respond with a CTS packet before the originator can send the real data packet. A
node at the far end of a cell detects the RTS to/from the bridge or the CTS to/from the bridge. The node
detects how long to block its transmitter to allow the real packet to be received by the bridge. The RTS
and CTS are small and, if lost in a collision, they can be retried more quickly and with less overhead than
if the whole packet must be retried.
The disadvantage of using RTS/CTS is that for each data packet transmitted that is larger than the
threshold size, another packet must be transmitted and received, thereby reducing throughput.

Privacy Menu (Privacy)

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is an optional IEEE 802.11 feature that provides data confidentiality
equivalent to a wired LAN without crypto techniques to enhance privacy. Use WEP to encrypt data
signals sent from the bridge to wireless client devices and to decrypt data signals sent from client devices
to the bridge.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio > I80211 > Privacy

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Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Steps for Enabling Encryption

It is important that you enable WEP in the following sequence:
1. Set the receive key.
2. Set the transmit key.
3. Set the authentication mode.
4. Turn on encryption.

Setting the Receive Key

The Key value establishes the WEP key the bridge uses to receive packets. The value must match the key
used by the access point. You can set two levels of encryption: 40-bit and 128-bit. The 40-bit key consists
of 10 hexadecimal characters. The 128-bit key consists of 26 hexadecimal characters. The hexadecimal
characters may be any combination of 0 through 9, a through f, or A through F. The WEP key can contain
combinations of any of these characters. Hexadecimal WEP keys are not case-sensitive.
To set the key, follow these steps:

Step 1 In the Privacy menu, choose Key. The following message appears:
Enter a number [ 1 to 4]:

Step 2 Enter the number of the key the bridge will use and press Enter. The following message appears:
Enter a key of hex digits:

Step 3 Enter the hexadecimal digits for the key (10 digits for 40-bit encryption or 26 digits for 128-bit
encryption) and press Enter. The following message appears:
Enter a key again:

Step 4 Enter the key again for confirmation and press Enter. After a few seconds, the Configuration Radio
I80211 Privacy prompt appears.
Step 5 Press Enter again to return to the Privacy menu.

Setting the Transmit Key

The Transmit key establishes the WEP key the bridge will use to transmit packets. You can use the key
established when you set the key in the procedure above or you can use a different key. If you use a
different key, a matching key must be established on the access point.
Follow these steps to set the Transmit key:

Step 1 In the Privacy menu, choose Transmit. The following message appears:
Enter a number [ 1 to 4]:

Step 2 Enter the key number (1, 2, 3, or 4) and press Enter.

Note Only one WEP key can be used at a time to transmit.

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Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Setting the Authentication Mode

The Auth parameter determines which authentication mode the system uses. Options are open or
shared_key. The following is an explanation of each mode:
• Open: allows any access point, regardless of its WEP setting, to authenticate and then attempt to
communicate with the bridge. Open is the default authentication mode.
• Shared_key: instructs the bridge to send a plain-text, shared-key query to any access point
attempting to communicate with the bridge. The shared-key setting can leave the bridge open to a
known-text attack from intruders, and it is therefore not as secure as the open setting.
To set the authorization mode, follow these steps:

Step 1 In the privacy menu, choose Auth and press Enter. The following message appears:
Enter one of [open, shared_key]:

Step 2 Enter a mode and press Enter.

Turning on Encryption

The Encryption option sets encryption parameters on all data packets except association packets and
some control packets. Options are off, on, mixed on, or mixed off. The access point must also have
encryption active and a key set properly. The following is an explanation of each option:
• Off: the default setting that turns off all encryption. The bridge cannot communicate with access
points that use WEP.
• On: requires all data transfers to be encrypted. The bridge only communicates with access points
that use WEP.
• Mixed on: means that the bridge always uses WEP when communicating with the access point but
that the access point communicates with all devices whether they use WEP or not.
• Mixed off: means that the bridge does not use WEP when communicating with the access point, but
the access point communicates with all devices whether they use WEP or not.

Caution If you select on or mixed on as the WEP category and you are configuring the bridge through its radio
link, you will lose connectivity to the bridge if the WEP key is set incorrectly. Be sure the WEP key
you set exactly matches the WEP key used on your wireless LAN.

To set the encryption parameters, follow these steps:

Step 1 In the Privacy menu, choose Encryption. The following message appears:
Enter one of [off, on, mixed_on, mixed_off]:

Step 2 Enter the encryption option the bridge will use and press Enter.

Caution The WEP key you use to transmit data must be set to exactly the same value on your access point and
your bridge.

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 Chapter 4 Configuring the Radio Network
Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)

Additional wireless security is available when you enable the bridge’s EAP feature. See Chapter 3,
“Using the Configuration Menu” for details and procedures.

Using the Configuration Radio Link Tests Menu (Linktests)

The Linktests option tests the transmission quality between bridge nodes and other nodes on the radio
network as well as individual node radio performance.
A link test sends special control packets to a specified destination, which in turn echoes the packets back
to the source. Each control packet sent has a sequence number that allows the sender to know whether
packets were lost on the way to the destination or on the way back to the source node.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio > Linktests

Running a Signal Strength Test (Strength)

The Strength option sends a packet once per second to the parent access point. This packet is echoed
back to the bridge, which records and displays the RF signal strength associated with that particular
node.
Strength tests can be used to quickly verify the link to each radio partner or signal strength can be
monitored while aligning directional antennas between two nodes. As the antennas are moved, the signal
strength can be monitored to achieve maximum value.

Running an Alignment Test (Align)

The Align option breaks the association with the access point and starts monitoring beacons from all
access points within radio range. Press any key to stop the test.
This test provides a continuous readout of radio signal parameters between the access point and the
bridge to which it is associated. Display parameters include signal strength, signal quality, number of
hops to the backbone, load, and the number of clients associated to the access point. Use the test to align
directional antennas or to optimize bridge location and orientation.

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 Chapter 4 Configuring the Radio Network
Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Running a Multicast Test (Multicast)

The Multicast option tests transmission conditions within local radio cells. Packets are sent between the
source and destination nodes without any acknowledgments or retries (as unicasts). This test provides a
good indication of the raw state of the path to the node because no attempt is made to recover from any
radio errors.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio > Linktests > Multicast

The time displays in milliseconds. Each packet contains the time it was sent. When a packet is received
by the source, the time difference indicates the round-trip time. Longer times indicate full bandwidth of
either the processor or the radio.
The signal strength and quality parameters report on the radio signal at the time the packets are received
at each end. Signal strength and quality are expressed in decibels referenced to an input signal of one
milliwatt of power (dBm) and as a percentage of full power.

Running a Unicast Test (Unicast)

The Unicast option tests the path between the bridge and any other Cisco Aironet node in the wired or
radio network. The packets are sent with the same error recovery as normal user data, so round-trip times
indicate the infrastructure throughput and congestion.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio > Linktests > Unicast

The time displays in milliseconds. Each packet contains the time it was sent. When a packet is received
by the source, the time difference indicates the round- trip time. Longer times indicate full bandwidth of
either the processor or the radio.
The signal strength and quality parameters report on the radio signal at the time the packets are received
at each end. Signal strength and quality are expressed in decibels referenced to an input signal of one
milliwatt of power (dBm) and as a percentage of full power.
If the path to the target node was over the radio, the report displays the total number of radio retries
necessary to complete the test. A large number of retries indicates radio interference problems.

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 Chapter 4 Configuring the Radio Network
Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Running a Remote Link Test (Remote)

The Remote option runs a multicast link test between a remote bridge node associated in the
infrastructure and its parent access point. You are prompted for the address of the bridge node in order
to make a broadcast request. The two remote nodes will run the link test and return the results, which
display to the operator locally.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio > Linktests > Remote

Remote linktest from 00409610d258 to 0040961064de

Sent 100 of 100 512 byte packets, Destination received 90,
Source received 90

Specifying the Target Address (Destination)

The Destination option indicates the target node address for the link test. You may type an infrastructure
address or the string any. If you select any, the bridge directs the test to the access point to which it is
associated. If you type an infrastructure address, it may only be used for the remote or unicast link tests.

Setting the Packet Size and Count (Size, Count)

The Size and Count options indicate the size and number of packets to be sent. The default values are
100 packets of 512 bytes each. Both the size and the count can be changed. The packet size can be set
from 30 to 1450 bytes and the count of the number of packets to transmit can be set from 1 to 999
packets.
When running the link test, use the highest data bit rate possible to test the reliability of your data bit
rate and frequency combination. The more packets you send and the larger the packet size, the more
accurate the test.

Note Multiple large packets increase test time.

Rate (Rate)
The Rate option allows you to force the link test to transmit packets at only one of the allowed rates, or
you can select auto to use the highest allowed rate and rate-shift if necessary.

Viewing Errors (Errors)

The Errors option views any radio error statistics that occurred during the link test. See Chapter 7,
“Viewing Statistics.”

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 Chapter 4 Configuring the Radio Network
Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Setting the Automatic Link Test Mode (Autotest)

The Autotest option controls the automatic running of a link test whenever a bridge associates to its
parent. The test uses the currently configured test parameters which, by default, run a test to the parent
node.
• Off: an automatic test is never run.
• Once: only one test is run the first time the bridge associates to a parent after powering on.
• Always: runs the test each time the bridge associates to a parent.
During an automatic link test, the three indicators on the bridge turn green in a cyclic pattern to indicate
that a test is in progress. At the end of the test, the indicators are set to a steady pattern for 4 seconds to
indicate the test results. The particular pattern that is displayed depends on the percentage of packets lost
during the test as shown in Table 4-1:

Table 4-1 Auto Link Test Display Patterns

Radio Status Ethernet % of Packets Lost Quality

Green Green Green 0-2 Excellent
Green Green Amber 3-5 Very Good
Green Green Off 6-25 Good
Green Amber Off 26-50 Satisfactory
Amber Off Off 51-75 Fair
Red Off Off 76-100 Poor

The Autotest procedure helps determine the placement of bridges. For example, at each prospective
location, an installer could cycle the power on the bridge and watch the indicator displays for the results
of the link test. As the test begins to fail, the installer could determine the radio range to the infrastructure
and adjust the location accordingly.

Continuously Running a Link Test (Continuous)

The Continuous option continuously repeats the link tests. If the value for the parameter is zero, the tests
are not repeated; otherwise, the value determines the delay (in seconds) between tests.

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 Chapter 4 Configuring the Radio Network
Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Using the Configuration Radio Extended Menu (Extended)

The extended radio parameters are not normally modified, but some may have to be changed when
certain situations arise.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Radio > Extended

Setting the Parent ID (Parentid, Parent_timeout)

The Parentid option controls the address with which the bridge associates. If the value is set to any, the
bridge associates with its best choice of parent based on signal quality and load. If the value is set to a
specified infrastructure address, the bridge only associates to the access point assigned that address.
If the Parent_timeout option is set to on, the lost bridge makes only one attempt to re-associate to the
parent access point. If the bridge does not find the requested parent, the bridge stops searching and
associates to the best access point. If the Parent_timeout is set to off, the bridge attempts to re-associate
to the parent access point. If the bridge does not find the requested parent, it does not associate with the
best access point.

Setting Retry Transmission Time (Count_retry)

The Count_retry option establishes a particular level of radio performance by controlling the RF packet
retry level. If the retry count is reached, the retry process on this particular packet is stopped. The bridge
is disassociated from the access point and then begins scanning for a new parent access point.
The Count_retry range is 8 to 64. The default setting is 64. Reduce the retry count field if the bridge is
mobile and you want to change from access point to access point very quickly after moving out of range.
In non-mobile applications, lowering this parameter could help if there were sources of temporary
interference. It would cause the bridge to retry at a later time.

Setting the Refresh Time (Refresh)

The Refresh option specifies an amount of time there has been no traffic between the bridge and its
parent. If there has been no traffic between the bridge and its parent for the time specified, the bridge
sends a special refresh packet to ensure that the parent is still reachable. The value may be set from 5 to
150 tenths of a second. Use the default value unless the bridge is mobile and needs to quickly verify that
it has moved out of range (faster than once every 15 seconds).

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 Chapter 4 Configuring the Radio Network
Using the Configuration Radio Menu

Diversity (Diversity)
The Diversity option enables the dual diversity feature of a bridge equipped with two antennas. This
option is not available for bridge models with one captured antenna. For bridge models with two
antennas installed, the Diversity setting defaults to on.

Caution If your bridge is equipped with one antenna, verify that the Diversity option is turned off and make
sure the antenna is attached to the connector nearest the power connector, as shown in the illustration
below. Attaching the antenna to the opposite connector will result in reduced operation.

Setting the Power Level (Power)

The Power parameter adjusts the bridge’s radio transmitter output power level. The power may be
adjusted incrementally from 1 to 100 mW, or set to full. Default power level is full.

Setting Fragment Size (Fragment)

The Fragment option determines the largest packet size that may be transmitted. Packets that are larger
than this size will be broken into pieces that are transmitted separately and rebuilt on the receiving side.
If there is excessive radio interference or collisions with other nodes, the smaller lost packets can be
retried faster and with less impact on the airwaves. The disadvantage is that if there is limited
interference, long packets take more time to transmit due to the extra packet overhead and
acknowledgments for the fragments.
Set the fragment size between 256 and 2048 bytes. Default fragment size is 2048.

Options (Options)
The Options feature is reserved for future system improvements.

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Using the Configuration Radio Menu

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 C H A P T E R 5
Configuring the Ethernet Port

This chapter describes the procedures for administering the devices attached to the bridge through its
Ethernet port.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Using the Configuration Ethernet Menu, page 5-2
• Enabling / Disabling the Ethernet Port (Active), page 5-2
• Setting the Maximum Ethernet Frame Size (Size), page 5-2
• Adding, Removing, and Displaying Client Node Addresses (Add, Remove, Display), page 5-2
• Determining the Bridge’s Idle Time (Staletime), page 5-3
• Overriding the Staletime Setting (Keep), page 5-3

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 Chapter 5 Configuring the Ethernet Port
Using the Configuration Ethernet Menu

Using the Configuration Ethernet Menu

Use the Ethernet menu to administer the devices attached to the bridge through its Ethernet port.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Ethernet

Enabling / Disabling the Ethernet Port (Active)

The Active option enables or disables the Ethernet port connection. The default setting for active is on.
Choose off only to temporarily stop traffic from the attached Ethernet devices.
If the Ethernet Port is disabled, the only way to access the bridge is through the radio connection; if the
bridge is not associated to an access point, you might have to reset to default parameters using the reset
button.

Setting the Maximum Ethernet Frame Size (Size)

The Size option defines the maximum size of frames transmitted to and from the Ethernet infrastructure.
Allowable values are between 1518 and 4096. Do not set the maximum frame size to be greater than 1518
unless you are running proprietary software that allows you to exceed this maximum.

Note After you change the parameter, you must restart the bridge by powering it off and then on or by
selecting Diagnostics > Restart.

Adding, Removing, and Displaying Client Node Addresses

(Add, Remove, Display)

Add, Remove, and Display Ethernet MAC Addresses

The Add, Remove, and Display options manage Ethernet MAC addresses for devices that pass traffic
through the bridge.

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 Chapter 5 Configuring the Ethernet Port
Using the Configuration Ethernet Menu

Add Ethernet MAC addresses

The Add option allows you to add Ethernet MAC addresses for devices that might pass traffic through
the bridge. If no addresses are added through the Add option, the bridge learns the first eight MAC
addresses that pass through its Ethernet Port. Subsequently, only data from those addresses is allowed to
pass through the bridge.

Caution The first MAC address you add should be that of the PC you are using to Telnet or browse to the
bridge.

You should add MAC addresses if there are more than eight Ethernet devices attached to the hub to which
the bridge is connected. This ensures that the selected devices communicate through the bridge. After
an address is added, the bridge won’t learn any more addresses. You must type each MAC address you
wish to have communicate through the bridge (up to eight).
Once you enter the first MAC address, the MAC addresses of every other device that you want the bridge
to communicate with must be entered. The process is not automatic and the bridge will no longer “learn”
any addresses. The addresses must be manually entered.

Remove Ethernet MAC Addresses

The Remove option allows you to remove specified Ethernet MAC addresses. When all MAC addresses
are removed, the bridge goes back to learning the MAC addresses responsible for traffic on its Ethernet
port.

Display List of Ethernet MAC addresses

The Display option displays the current list of specified Ethernet MAC addresses.

Determining the Bridge’s Idle Time (Staletime)

The Staletime option determines the amount of time the bridge must be idle (no packets received from
or transmitted to it) before it is removed from the association table. You can specify a time from 5 to
1000 seconds for this option.

Note The Keep option must be set to off to enable the Staletime option.

Overriding the Staletime Setting (Keep)

The Keep option overrides the Staletime option. Setting the option to on keeps the bridge listed on the
association table. Setting the option to off enables the Staletime option.

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 Chapter 5 Configuring the Ethernet Port
Using the Configuration Ethernet Menu

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 C H A P T E R 6
Setting Network Identifiers

This chapter describes the procedures for setting the bridge’s network identifiers.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Using the Configuration Identity Menu, page 6-2
• Using the Internet Bootstrap Protocol and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Bootp/DHCP),
page 6-2
• Establishing a Node Name (Name), page 6-3
• Configuring DHCP Servers (Class), page 6-3
• Assigning an IP Address (Inaddr), page 6-3
• Specifying the IP Subnet Mask (Inmask), page 6-3
• Specifying the Internet Default Gateway (Gateway), page 6-4
• Configuring the IP Routing Table (Routing), page 6-4
• Using DNS Server Names (DNS1), page 6-5
• Using DNS Server Names (DNS2), page 6-5
• Using Name Domains (Domain), page 6-5
• Setting SNMP Location and Contact Identifiers (Location, Contact), page 6-5

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 Chapter 6 Setting Network Identifiers
Using the Configuration Identity Menu

Using the Configuration Identity Menu

From the Configuration Identity menu, you determine how the bridge obtains its IP address and assign
required identifiers. The network uses these identifiers to recognize the bridge and communicate with it.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Identity

Using the Internet Bootstrap Protocol and Dynamic Host

Configuration Protocol (Bootp/DHCP)
The Bootp/DHCP option allows you to select Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) and Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) for dynamic assignment of IP addresses. There are three options:
• Off: disables BOOTP and DHCP (default setting).
• BOOTP: configures BOOTP only.
• On: configures both BOOTP and DHCP.
Here is the BOOTP/DHCP process:
1. At power on, the bridge issues requests to detect any BOOTP or DHCP servers on the infrastructure.
BOOTP servers must be configured with bridge MAC addresses or they won’t respond.
2. If there is no response, the time between requests for each additional retry is doubled. The request
repeats up to 30 times with a 4-second wait after the first request. If there is still no response, the
bridge stops sending requests.
3. If there are multiple responses, the bridge picks a DHCP server over a BOOTP server.
4. If a response is received, the IP address assigned to this bridge by the server is compared to the
configured value. If they are different, the configured value is changed.

Using BOOTP Protocol for File Downloads

BOOTP servers can also define a boot file for the bridge to download. This feature of BOOTP is
especially suited for updating new firmware. A downloaded file is assumed to be a configuration file in
the format produced by the configuration dump command. A Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
dialog retrieves the file from the server.
The system processes the configuration file as though the commands were being typed in real time. The
commands in the file modify the current configuration.

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Using the Configuration Identity Menu

Note The current configuration is not set back to the defaults before the file is processed. Therefore, the
file contents do not have to be a complete configuration but can just contain the items to be changed.

Once the configuration is processed, the name stored in the diagnostics load FTP filename parameter is
assumed to be the name of a firmware file to download. If the parameter is not empty, the bridge uses
the TFTP protocol to load the file into RAM.
If the firmware is different from the current version, the bridge programs the flash memory with the new
code and restarts to execute it. If the firmware is the same, the bridge discards the loaded file and
continues normal operation.

Establishing a Node Name (Name)

The Name option establishes a unique node name for the bridge. The name is a text string of up to 20
characters that appears on all Telnet and browser screens. It is passed in association messages to other
nodes on the radio network. The node name identifies the bridge in the association table on any Cisco
Aironet Access Point. See Chapter 8, “Using the Association Table.”

Configuring DHCP Servers (Class)

Use the Class option to type a class ID for a client node. The DHCP server determines how to respond
based on the class ID.

Assigning an IP Address (Inaddr)

The Inaddr option establishes a static IP address for the bridge. An IP address must be assigned to the
bridge before it can be accessed by Telnet, HTTP, or SNMP.
The IP address can be assigned manually from the Configuration Identity menu or by a BOOTP or DHCP
server on the network or wired LAN. See “Using the Bootstrap Protocol and Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (BOOTP/DHCP)” earlier in this chapter.
Setting a static IP address automatically turns BOOTP and DHCP off.

Specifying the IP Subnet Mask (Inmask)

The Inmask option assigns an IP subnetwork mask to the bridge. The subnetwork mask determines the
portion of the IP address that represents the subnet ID. A digit in a bit of the mask indicates that the
corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the subnet ID. This item may also be assigned by a BOOTP
or DHCP server. See “Using the Internet Bootstrap Protocol or DHCP Protocol (BOOTP/DHCP)” earlier
in this chapter.

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 Chapter 6 Setting Network Identifiers
Using the Configuration Identity Menu

Specifying the Internet Default Gateway (Gateway)

The Gateway option identifies the default IP address to which packets are forwarded to reach another
subnet of the infrastructure when none of the other table entries apply. This address may also be assigned
by a BOOTP or DHCP server. If the value is left as 0.0.0.0, the bridge uses the true destination address
and assumes that a gateway will respond to ARP requests for the remote destination.

Configuring the IP Routing Table (Routing)

The Routing option controls how IP packets originating from the bridge are forwarded.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Identity> Routing

If the destination IP address exactly matches a host entry in the routing table, the packet is forwarded to
the MAC address corresponding to the next-hop IP address from the table entry.
If the destination address is on another subnet and matches the infrastructure portion of a net entry in the
table (using the associated subnet mask), the packet is forwarded to the MAC address corresponding to
the next-hop IP address from the table entry.
If the destination address is on another subnet and does not match any entry in the table, the packet is
forwarded to the MAC address corresponding to the default gateway’s IP address.

Displaying the Routing Table (Display)

The Display option displays the entries in the routing table.
Navigation: Choose Main > Configuration > Identity > Routing > Display

Routing Table
Destination Next Hop Mask Flags Use
---------------- --------------- --------------- ------ ---
149.023.166.000 149.023.165.071 255.255.255.000 S N 0
default 149.023.165.050 000.000.000.000 S N 0
149.023.130.020 149.023.165.060 255.255.255.000 S H 0

The Flags column displays letters identifying the type of entry:

• S: is static (typed by operator)
• N: is a network route
• H: is a host route

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Using the Configuration Identity Menu

The Use column indicates the number of packets that have been forwarded using this table entry.
In the sample table, all addresses that match 149.23.166.xxx are forwarded to the router at address
149.23.165.71. Any packet for address 149.23.130.20 is forwarded to the address 149.23.165.60. All
other packets not on the current subnet are forwarded to the router at 149.23.165.50.

Entering a Host Route (Host)

The Host option controls the forwarding of packets to a single host address. You are prompted for the
host’s IP address along with the IP address to which the packets should be forwarded to reach the host.

Entering an Infrastructure Route (Net)

The Net option controls the forwarding of packets to another subnet of the infrastructure. You are
prompted for the net’s IP address along with the subnet mask to be applied during the address
comparison. You are also prompted for the IP address to which the packets should be forwarded to reach
the infrastructure.

Deleting a Route (Delete)

The Delete option removes entries from the routing table. You can delete all entries or only specific IP
addresses.

Using DNS Server Names (DNS1)

The Dns1 option allows the use of domain name system (DNS) server names instead of using numerical
IP addresses for management packet routing. Type the IP address of the DNS on the system.

Using DNS Server Names (DNS2)

The Dns2 option provides a secondary DNS server name.

Using Name Domains (Domain)

The Domain option provides the ability to use a domain name, thus allowing shortened entries for DNS
names.

Setting SNMP Location and Contact Identifiers

(Location, Contact)
The Location and Contact options specify the location of the SNMP workstation and the contact name
of the individual responsible for managing it in the event of problems. You can type up to 20 characters
for each item.

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Using the Configuration Identity Menu

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 C H A P T E R 7
Viewing Statistics

This chapter describes how to use the Statistics menu to monitor the performance of the Workgroup
Bridge.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Viewing the Statistics Menu, page 7-2
• Viewing Throughput Statistics (Throughput), page 7-2
• Viewing Error Statistics (Radio), page 7-3
• Viewing Error Statistics (Ethernet), page 7-4
• Displaying Overall Status (Status), page 7-5
• Displaying the Network Map (Map), page 7-6
• Recording a Statistic History (Watch), page 7-6
• Displaying a Statistic History (History), page 7-7
• Displaying Node Information (Nodes), page 7-8
• Displaying ARP Information (ARP), page 7-8
• Setting Screen Display Time (Display_time), page 7-9

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 Chapter 7 Viewing Statistics
Viewing the Statistics Menu

Viewing the Statistics Menu

The Statistics menu provides easy access to a variety of statistical information regarding the bridge’s
performance. You can use the data to monitor the bridge and detect problems.
Navigation: Choose Main > Statistics

Viewing Throughput Statistics (Throughput)

The Throughput option displays a detailed summary of the radio data packets passing through your
bridge.
Navigation: Choose Main > Statistics > Throughput

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 Chapter 7 Viewing Statistics
Viewing the Statistics Menu

Interpreting Throughput Statistics

The following list describes the items appearing in the screen above:
• Recent Rate/s: displays the event rates, per second, averaged over the last 10 seconds.
• Total: displays the number of events that occurred since the statistics were last cleared.
• Average Rate/s: displays the average event rates, per second, since the statistics were last cleared.
• Highest Rate/s: displays the highest rate recorded since the statistics were last cleared.
• Packets: displays the number of packets transmitted or received.
• Bytes: displays the total number of data bytes in all the packets transmitted or received.
• Filtered: displays the number of packets that were discarded as a result of an address filter being
set.
• Errors: displays the number of errors that did occur.
• Multicasts: displays the number of multicast packets transmitted.
• Misses: displays lost packets.
• Enter space to redisplay, C[lear stats], q[quit]: redisplays statistics. To clear the statistics, type
capital C. To exit the Statistics Menu, type q.

Viewing Error Statistics (Radio)

The Radio option displays a detailed summary of the radio transceiver errors that have occurred on the
bridge.
Navigation: Choose Main > Statistics > Radio

Interpreting Radio Error Statistics

The following list describes the items appearing in the screen above:
• Buffer full frames lost: number of frames lost because of a lack of buffer space in the bridge.
• Duplicate frames: number of frames that were received more than once. This is usually because of
a frame acknowledgment being lost.
• CRC errors: number of frames received with an invalid CRC. CRC errors are usually caused by
interference from nearby radio traffic. Occasional CRC errors can also occur because of random
noise when the receiver is idle.

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 Chapter 7 Viewing Statistics
Viewing the Statistics Menu

• Decrypt errors: packets were received without errors but could not be decrypted with available
encryption keys.
• Retries: cumulative count of the number of times a frame had to be retransmitted because an
acknowledgment was not received.
• Max retries / frame: maximum number of times any one frame had to be retransmitted. Excessive
retries may indicate a poor quality radio link.
• Excessive retries: number of times a packet has taken four or more retries before it was successfully
transmitted.
• Queue full discards: number of times a packet was not transmitted because of too many retries to
the same destination. Discards only occur if packets destined to this address are taking up more than
their share of transmit buffers.
• Holdoffs: indicates that another node was transmitting when this node tried to start a transmit of its
own. This is a usual occurrence but a high rate of holdoffs is an indication of a congested cell.
• Holdoff timeouts: indicates that a transmission was held off by other activity longer than the length
of time it would take to transmit the longest allowed 802.11 packet. This is usually an indication of
some sort of outside interference.

Viewing Error Statistics (Ethernet)

The Ethernet option displays a detailed summary of the transmitter errors that have occurred on the
bridge.
Navigation: Choose Main > Statistics > Ethernet

Interpreting Ethernet Error Statistics

The following list describes the items appearing in the screen above:
• Buffer full frames lost: number of frames lost because of a lack of buffer space in the bridge.
• CRC errors: number of frames received with an invalid CRC. Usually caused by interference from
nearby radio traffic. Occasional CRC errors can also occur because of random noise when the
receiver is idle.
• Collisions: number of times a collision occurred while the frame was being received. This would
indicate a hardware problem with an Ethernet node on the infrastructure.

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Viewing the Statistics Menu

• Frame alignment errors: number of frames received whose size in bits was not a multiple of 8.
Occasionally, extra bits of data are inadvertently attached to a transmitted packet causing a frame
alignment error.
• Over-length frames: number of frames received that are longer than the configured maximum
packet size.
• Short frames: number of frames received that are shorter than the allowed minimum packet size of
64 bytes.
• Overruns: number of times the hardware receive FIFO buffer overflowed. This should be a rare
occurrence.
• Misses: number of Ethernet packets that were lost because of a lack of buffer space on the bridge.
• Excessive Collisions: number of times transmissions failed because of excessive collisions. Usually
indicates the frame had to be continuously retried because of heavy traffic on the Ethernet
infrastructure.
• Deferrals: number of times frames had to wait before transmitting because of activity on the cable.
• Excessive deferrals: number of times the frame failed to transmit because of excessive deferrals.
This error usually indicates the frame had to be continuously retried because of heavy traffic on the
Ethernet infrastructure.
• No carrier sense present: number of times the carrier was not present when a transmission was
started. This error usually indicates a problem with a cable on the Ethernet infrastructure.
• Carrier sense lost: number of times the carrier was lost during a transmission. This error usually
indicates a problem with a cable on the Ethernet infrastructure.
• Out of window collisions: number of times a collision occurred after the 64th byte of a frame was
transmitted. Out of window collisions usually indicate a problem with a cable on the Ethernet
infrastructure.
• Underruns: number of times the hardware transmit FIFO buffer became empty during a transmit.
Underruns should be a rare occurrence.
• Bad length: number of times an attempt was made to transmit a packet larger than the specified
maximum allowed.

Displaying Overall Status (Status)

The Status option displays the settings of the most important configuration parameters of the bridge as
well as important run-time statistics. Use the display to verify correct configuration. The display is
broken into sections describing:
• The radio
• Any LAN connections
• Any filtering being done
• Reasons for inability to associate with another device
All items in the display are self-explanatory or are explained in other sections of this guide.

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Viewing the Statistics Menu

Displaying the Network Map (Map)

The Map option causes the bridge to poll all of the other Cisco Aironet devices in the local infrastructure
for information about the radio nodes associated to them. Nodes that are associated to parents are
displayed one level from their parents.
The other Cisco Aironet devices in the infrastructure are polled once every 30 seconds. Because all radio
nodes respond, running the displays constantly could generate a significant amount of traffic. You may
want to consider not running the displays constantly.

Recording a Statistic History (Watch)

The Watch option records the values of a chosen statistic over time. After you select a statistic and a time
interval, the bridge starts a timer. At each timer expiration, the bridge records the current value of the
statistic. The last 20 samples are saved.
Follow these steps to record a statistic history.

Step 1 Choose Main Menu > Statistics > Watch. The following menu appears:

Step 2 Type the applicable category number and press Enter.

For example, if you choose 1 to select Radio, the following menu appears:

Step 3 Type the applicable statistic index number and press Enter. The following prompt appears:
Enter a sample time in seconds from 1 to 3600 :

Step 4 Type a time interval between samples and press Enter.

The longer the time you specify, the further back in time the samples are saved (up to 20 samples).

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Viewing the Statistics Menu

Displaying a Statistic History (History)

The History option displays the history of the statistic being recorded.
To display a statistic history, choose Main > Statistics > History.
Depending on your watch option selections, a display screen similar to the one below will appear.

Radio Receive Packets

-95 36|****
-90 231|**************************
-85 63|*******
-80 49|*****
-75 60|*******
-70 136|****************
-65 120|**************
-60 216|*************************
-55 35|****
-50 52|******
-45 74|********
-40 63|*******
-35 164|*******************
-30 146|*****************
-25 191|**********************
-20 113|*************
-15 60|*******
-10 48|*****
-5 25|***
0 55|******
Time/Sec Rate/s|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Interpreting Statistic History

The following list describes the items appearing in the screen above:
• Time/(sec) : displays the number of seconds elapsed from the time the statistic sample was recorded.
• Rate/s: displays the actual value of the statistic. The chart’s scale changes based on the largest value
displayed.

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Viewing the Statistics Menu

Displaying Node Information (Nodes)

The Nodes option displays current information about the radio link between the bridge and its parent
access point.
Navigation: Choose Main > Statistics > Nodes

Interpreting Node Information Statistics

The following list describes the items appearing in the screen above:
• Id: displays node ID given to the bridge by its parent access point.
• Address: displays the address of the parent access point.
• Signal: displays the signal strength of the RF link.
• Tx Pkt: displays the number of packets transmitted.
• Tx Byte: displays the actual number of bytes transmitted.
• Retry: displays the number of transmitted packets that were resent.
• Rx Pkt: displays the number of packets received.
• Rx Byte: displays the actual number of bytes received.
• Rate: displays the current RF data rate in Mbps.

Displaying ARP Information (ARP)

The ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) option displays the ARP table of IP to MAC addresses. It also
displays whether the node supports Ethernet Type II or IEEE 802.2 framing. The last column displays
the time until the entry stales out.
Navigation: Choose Main > Statistics > ARP

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Viewing the Statistics Menu

Setting Screen Display Time (Display_time)

The Display_time option sets the time interval for the automatic redisplay of any screen that
automatically refreshes. The default value is 10 seconds.

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Viewing the Statistics Menu

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 C H A P T E R 8
Using the Association Table

This chapter describes the procedures for setting up and viewing the association table for the bridge.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Overview, page 8-2
• Using the Association Menu, page 8-2
• Displaying the Association Table (Display), page 8-2
• Specifying How Node Addresses are Displayed (Niddisp), page 8-3

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 Chapter 8 Using the Association Table
Overview

Overview
Data in the association table keeps track of the bridge’s network status. The association table identifies
the parent device and the clients for which the bridge is passing data. Table data includes address, device,
association type, and ASCII name.

Using the Association Menu

The Association menu contains options that allow you to view the table entries.
Navigation: Choose Main > Association

Displaying the Association Table (Display)

Use the Display option to view the association table entries. Select display to enter the type of entries
to be displayed.
Navigation: Choose Main > Association > Display
The typical hierarchy display looks similar to this screen:

Association Table Options

You can choose from the following association table options:
• All: displays all entries in the table.
• Connected: displays only nodes that are actively connected to the bridge.
• Radio-only: displays only radio nodes that are in the association table.
• Hierarchy: displays a special shortened display that shows the association tree with children
indented from their parents.

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Using the Association Menu

Specifying How Node Addresses are Displayed (Niddisp)

The Niddisp option specifies the node address display style on the Association Display menu. The bridge
has the ability to display node addresses as follows:
• If you specify numeric, the addresses are displayed entirely in numeric form (default).
• If you specify name, the Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI) portion of the address (the first
three bytes) is examined to see if it is one of the known types. If it is in the list, the first three bytes
are replaced by the name of the company that owns the OUI. Otherwise, the numeric value is
displayed. For example, the address of a SUN workstation could be displayed as either
080020ladecc or Sun-ladecc.
Entries into this option also control other screens that display node IDs.

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Using the Association Menu

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 C H A P T E R 9
Using Filters

This chapter describes how to use filters to improve the performance of your bridge.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Overview, page 9-2
• Using the Filter Menu, page 9-2
• Filtering Multicast Addresses (Multicast), page 9-2
• Filtering Node Addresses (Node), page 9-3
• Filtering Protocols (Protocol), page 9-4
• Accessing Packet Direction (Direction), page 9-8

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 Chapter 9 Using Filters
Overview

Overview
If your bridge is connected to an infrastructure with a large amount of multi-protocol traffic, you may
be able to reduce the amount of radio traffic by blocking out (filtering) unneeded addresses or protocols.
Filtering is especially important for battery-operated radio nodes that might otherwise have to waste
considerable battery power receiving irrelevant multicast messages.

Using the Filter Menu

Use the Filter menu to control packet filtering.
Navigation: Choose Main > Filter

Filtering Multicast Addresses (Multicast)

The Multicast menu controls the filtering of multicasts based on the actual multicast address.
Navigation: Choose Main > Filter > Multicast

Setting the Default Action (Default)

The Default option controls the filtering of multicasts whose addresses are not in the table. You may pick
one of the following actions:
• Discard: multicasts with no table entries are not forwarded out of the radio network.
• Forward: multicasts with no table entries are forwarded out of the radio network.

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Using the Filter Menu

Displaying the Filters (Show)

The Show option displays the Multicast Filters screen. The filters are stored in the association table. The
display of the multicast filters follows the format of the normal association display. At the end of each
line the filter action for each address is displayed.
The multicast filters can also be displayed by choosing Main > Association > Display. See Chapter 8,
“Using the Association Table.”

Adding a Multicast Filter (Add)

The Add option adds a multicast filter if there are special multicast addresses you want to filter
differently than the default. You are prompted for the address and then for an action to be applied to this
address only.

Removing a Filter (Remove)

The Remove option removes one or all of the non-default filters. The action for the removed entries
reverts to the default action.

Filtering Node Addresses (Node)

The Node option controls the forwarding of packets based on the source node addresses. Type specific
node filters by specifying the 6-byte infrastructure address of the node or by specifying its IP address. If
the IP address is used, the bridge determines the infrastructure address associated with the IP address
and uses it for the actual filtering. You can filter packets based on the source address in the received
packet.
Navigation: Choose Main > Filter > Node

Setting the Default (Ethdst)

The Ethdst option sets a default that applies to those packets whose addresses do not have entries in the
filter table. Options are forward or discard. Source address filtering is forward by default.

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Using the Filter Menu

Displaying the Node Address Filters (Display)

The Display option allows you to view the table of controlled addresses. The filters are stored in the
association table so that they can be accessed quickly. The display of the filters follows the format of the
normal association display. At the end of each line the filter action for each address is displayed.
The node filters can also be displayed by choosing Main > Association > Display. See Chapter 8, “Using
the Association Table.”

Displaying the IP to Network Address Table (IPdisplay)

The IPdisplay option displays the relationship between the IP address and its infrastructure address.
When a node address filter is entered by an IP address, the bridge first determines the infrastructure
address associated with this IP address. The actual filtering is based on the infrastructure address.

Updating Specific Node Address Filters (Add/Remove)

The Add option adds filters for specific addresses to the filter table. You will be prompted for the
infrastructure address or IP address of the node to which the filter applies. You will then be asked for the
filter action to be applied to this address, which is either filter or discard.
To remove one or all specific node filters use the Remove option. You can enter the keyword all, a single
node’s infrastructure address, or a single node’s IP address. Once removed, the filter action for the
removed addresses reverts to the default value.

Filtering Protocols (Protocol)

The Protocol option bases the filtering decision on the type of protocol used to encapsulate the data in
the packet. This type of filtering can have the most value in almost all situations and is the preferred
method of filtering. With this type of filtering you can set the bridge to only forward those protocols that
are being used by the remote nodes. Selecting protocols is easier than setting up filters based on
addresses. The bridge can be set up to monitor and record the list of protocols currently being forwarded
over the radio. It records the protocols found, how many packets are encountered, and whether the packet
comes from the LAN or the radio.
To set up the protocol filters, start the monitor and let it run for a while under normal use. Add filters by
selecting the protocols from the monitor list. There is a default action for those protocols not in the list
of explicitly filtered protocols. If you know exactly which protocols are going to be used by the radio
nodes, set the default action to discard; then add filters to forward only those protocols that will be used.
If you are not sure of all the protocols that will be used but you know that there are certain protocols you
will not use, you should set the default action to forward; then add filters to discard only those protocols
you will not use. For filtering purposes, the bridge assumes that the data portion of the packets is in one
of two forms:
• The first 16 bits of the data portion contains a value that is greater than the maximum data size (1500
bits). The value is assumed to be a protocol identifier that may be used to determine which protocol
is being used within the packet.
• The first 16 bits of the data portion contains a value that is less than the maximum data size. The
value is interpreted as a frame length and it is assumed that a IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control
(LLC) header follows the length.

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Using the Filter Menu

The format of the LLC header is as follows:

• DSAP, 8 bits, destination service access point (DSAP)
• SSAP, 8 bits, source service access point (SSAP)
• CTL, 8 bits, control field
If the control field has a value 3 (for an un-numbered information frame), then this header may be
followed by:
• OUI, 24 bits, Organization Unique Identifier (OUI)
• SAP-PROT, 16 bits, Protocol Identifier
You can set up filters based on either a protocol identifier or a DSAP/ SSAP combination. If the filter is
based on SAPs and the control field has a value of 3, the packet can also be filtered based on the OUI
and LLC protocol fields. Both types of filters can also use a variable length bit mask of the packet
contents to further specify which packets should be filtered.
Navigation: Choose Main > Filter > Protocols

Setting the Default Action (Default)

The Default action is used for a packet whose protocol does not match any entry found in the table. It
may be set to:
• Off: protocol filtering is not done. It is a waste of processing power for the bridge to examine each
packet for its protocol only to discover no protocols need monitoring.
• Discard: packet is not forwarded out of the radio network.
• Forward: packet is forwarded out of the radio network.

Enabling Unicast Packet Filtering (Unicast)

The Unicast option filters unicast packets. By default, the bridge applies the protocol filters only to
multicast packets. If a packet is directed to a radio node, it is likely the protocol in the packet is being
used by the radio node.

Displaying the Filters (Display)

The Display option allows you to view the list of protocol filters you have added.

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Using the Filter Menu

Adding a Filter (Add)

The Add option adds a protocol filter and specifies the type of action required. There are several ways
to add a filter:
• Use a predefined filter
• Use a filter from the monitor table built by the bridge
• Manually add a filter

To add a predefined filter, follow these steps:

Step 1 Type add.

Step 2 Type one of the predefined strings: inet, novell, netbios, txp, ip_subprotocol, ip_port, or ip_address and
press Enter.
Step 3 Type the action to take when the protocol is encountered: discard, forward, high_priority or log, and
press Enter.

If protocol monitoring is enabled, when you select add, the current monitor table is displayed. Follow
these steps to select a monitored protocol:

Step 1 Type the desired filter protocol’s number that is displayed at the start of each line of the monitor display.
If the monitored protocol was unrecognized and was not given a name, you are prompted to assign a
name.
Step 2 Type the action to take when the protocol is encountered: discard, forward, high_priority or log, and
press Enter.

To start adding a filter manually, follow these steps:

Step 1 Type add and give the filter a name that does not start with a number and does not match one of the
predefined names.
Step 2 Type the action to take when the protocol is encountered: discard, forward, high_priority or log, and
press Enter. The following message appears:
Enter one of [protocol, snap+protocol, llc]:

Step 3 Choose whether the protocol is defined by an Ethernet or SNAP+protocol identifier or by an LLC header.
If you type protocol:
a. The following prompt appears:
Type a value in hex from 200h to ffffh:

Type the value for the protocol identifier to be filtered and press Enter. The following prompt
appears:
Type one of [a mask start position, none]:

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Using the Filter Menu

The protocol identifier value allows you to specify a bit mask and corresponding hexadecimal value
to be applied to the packet. These two values must match the packet contents before the protocol is
identified. You must first specify a mask start position in the packet and match the mask value. The
mask start position value should be a 0-based byte offset from the start of the data portion of the
frame (after the MAC layer header). If you set the position to none, no mask is tested.
b. Type a mask start position value (or none, if applicable) and press Enter. The following prompt
appears:
Type a hex value of 1 to 30 characters:

c. Type the value to be matched as a string of up to 30 hexadecimal digits and press Enter. If the
numbered digits are odd, the mask value is adjusted to ignore the lowest 4 bits of the corresponding
byte. Then the following prompt appears:
Type a hex don’t care mask of 1 to 6 characters:

This value allows you to type a string of hexadecimal digits to indicate which bits of the packet data
are meaningful. A bit set in this value causes the corresponding bit in the packet to be ignored.
Therefore, a 0 mask means that the packet contents must exactly match the previous value typed. If
the mask entered is shorter than the value entered it is automatically extended to the correct length
with zeros.
d. Type the applicable hexadecimal digits and press Enter.
For example, to type a mask that matches the value 4128H in the 16th byte data portion of the packet
and have the high bit of each byte ignored, complete as follows:
Type one of [a mask start position, none]: 15
Type a hex value of 1 to 30 characters: 4128
Type a hex don’t care mask of 1 to 6 characters: 8080

If you type llc the following prompt appears:

Type a value in hex of ffffh or less:

a. Type a 16-bit value for the DSAP/SSAP combination (with the DSAP being in the high 8 bits) and
press Enter. The following prompt appears:
Type one of [a OUI value in hex of ffffffh or less, any]:

This value is used to specify an OUI value to further refine the protocol identification.
If you type a OUI value in hex of ffffffh or less, it must match the protocol field in addition to the
SAP value.
If you type any, the protocol values are not checked and the protocol is defined only by the SAP
values.
b. Type the applicable OUI value or any and press Enter.
If you typed an OUI value, the following prompt appears:
Type one of [a LLC protocol value in hex of ffffh or less, any]:

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Using the Filter Menu

c. Type the applicable LLC protocol value or any and press Enter. You are then prompted for a mask
description as described below.
If you type a LLC protocol value in hex of ffffh or less, the mask must match the protocol field in
addition to the SAP and OUI values.
If you type any, the protocol values are not checked and the protocol is defined only by the SAP and
OUI values.

Removing an Entry (Remove)

The Remove option removes a protocol filter entry. You can remove all filters by typing all or a single
entry by typing the number assigned to the filter shown at the start of the line in the filter display.

Length of Data Displayed in Log Action (Length)

The Length option displays the contents of packets being forwarded to the radio. Use this option to setup
the filter mask values. If you add a protocol filter whose action is log, each time the filter matches, the
contents of the data portion of the packet (after the MAC header) is displayed on the console (in
hexadecimal) for a length in bytes determined by the value of this option. The contents of the data portion
displayed in the information log consists of:
• “p”
• Id number of the filter shown on the Protocol Filters screen
• Bytes of the packet displayed in hexadecimal
More than one protocol at a time can be set with a filter action of “Log.” The following is an example
of a protocol filter log entry:
p2: 01 e0 ff ff 01 eo 00 04 00 00 01 65 ff ff ff ff ff ff 04 52 00 00

Protocol Monitoring (Monitor/ Show/ Clear)

The bridge allows you to create and display a list of the protocols being forwarded by the bridge. This
allows you to test if packets that contain data for unused protocols are being forwarded to the radio
nodes. After it is enabled by the Monitor option, the bridge begins to examine the protocol used in each
packet forwarded. If the protocol is not already in the list, an entry is created. Otherwise, the packet count
for the given protocol is incremented.
The Show option displays the list of currently forwarded protocols.
The Clear option cleared the list of found protocols. You can use either the Clear command or type a
capital C at the re-display prompt of the Show command to invoke the Clear option.

Accessing Packet Direction (Direction)

The Direction option controls the direction a packet is traveling before it is affected by the filters. Select
one of the following choices:
• To_radio: only packets from the LAN will have filters applied. Packets from the radio are not
filtered, resulting in a reduction of the amount of LAN traffic to the radio infrastructure.
• Both: packets in both directions are filtered.

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 C H A P T E R 10
Setting Up Event Logs

Use the Logs menu to set up and view event logs on the bridge.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Event Logs, page 10-2
• Using the Logs Menu, page 10-3
• Severe Error Log, page 10-3
• Viewing the History Log (History), page 10-4
• Clearing the History Buffer (Clear), page 10-4
• Specifying the Type of Log to Print (Printlevel), page 10-5
• Specifying the Type of Log to Save (Loglevel), page 10-5
• Specifying the Type of Event to Light Status Indicators (Ledlevel), page 10-5
• Setting Statistic Parameters (Statistics), page 10-5
• Logging Network Roaming (Network), page 10-6
• Backbone Nodes (Bnodelog), page 10-6
• SNMP Traps (Snmp), page 10-7
• Forwarding Events to a UNIX System (Syslog, SysLevel, Facility, Rcvsyslog), page 10-8

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 Chapter 10 Setting Up Event Logs
Event Logs

Event Logs
The bridge produces logs that record significant events occurring within your bridge and on the
infrastructure. The type of logs include the following:
• Information log: records status changes that occur in the normal operation of the system. For
example, when an end node associates to a parent access point.
• Error log: records errors that occur occasionally, but which are easily recovered from by the bridge.
For example, errors that occur during the reception and transmission of packets to and from the
bridge.
• Severe error log: records errors that drastically affect the operation of the system. The system
continues to run, but action is required to return the bridge to normal operating standards.

Information Log
The following events appear in the Information log:
• BOOTP/DHCP set new IP address: the BOOTP/DHCP server answered the request and assigned
the bridge an IP address different from the configured value.
• Node “node address” “device name” added: a nonvolatile entry was added to the association table.
• Node “node address” “device name” “ASCII name” removed, max radio retries: a node was
removed from the table because a response was not received from the node after attempts were made
to transmit a packet to it. The node may have failed or moved to another cell.
• RARP set new IP address: a Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) server answered a
request for an IP address with an address different from the one currently saved. The currently saved
value is overwritten.
• Connected to parent “node address”: The bridge associated to its parent node.
• SNMP: “command text”: a SNMP management station sent the bridge a set variable request which
was successfully executed. The command text is a similar menu command that has the same effect
as the SNMP request.
• SNMP access failure from “community name” “IP address” (node address): a SNMP
management station attempted to access the SNMP agent with an invalid community name or a name
that it was not allowed to use.
• TFTP is loading “file name” from “ip address”: the BOOTP server gives the bridge the name of
a configuration file and then the name of a firmware file to load.

Error Log
The following events appear in the Error log:
• “Category” Error: nnn “type” errors: an error occurred that is marked by an asterisk * after its
count in the statistics displays. These errors are serious enough to affect the operation of the bridge.
See the sections on each display for an explanation of each error.
• Unable to locate IP address “ip address”: the bridge was trying to send a packet to an IP address
without knowing the hardware node ID. When this occurs, the bridge uses the ARP protocol to try
to determine the proper address. This event is logged if there was no answer to the ARP request.
Usually the bridge is trying to find the destination for the SNMP traps.

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Using the Logs Menu

Severe Error Log

The following events appear in the Severe Error log.
• Ethernet cabling problem: if no traffic was sent or received on the Ethernet cable in the last 10
seconds, the bridge sends a packet to itself to test the connection. If the transmission succeeds, the
timer is reset. If it fails, this event is logged and traffic for the connection is discarded until the test
succeeds.
• Configuration is too large to save: the number of commands in the configuration is too large for
the available nonvolatile memory. This error might be caused by too many nonvolatile entries in the
association table.
• Could not program the flash memory: an error occurred when trying to program a new version of
the firmware into flash memory. The bridge must be serviced.
• Lost our association, max radio retries: the bridge lost communications with its parent node after
trying to send a packet the maximum number of times. The bridge will try to re-associate. The
problem may be a parent access point failure. All local associations will be dropped.
• Lost our association, radio restarted: a radio configuration parameter was changed. All
associations are dropped and the radio is restarted.
• Lost our association, new specified router: the specified router parameter of this bridge was
changed. The bridge drops its current association and tries to reassociate.
• Lost our association, NAK from router: the bridge responds as though it was associated to its
parent but the parent does not have the association. The bridge will attempt to reassociate. The
parent may have been rebooted.
• The address PROM is invalid: each bridge contains a programmable read-only memory (PROM)
chip that contains the bridge’s hardware address. During power up, the bridge was not able to read
a valid address from the PROM. The bridge must be serviced.

Using the Logs Menu

Use the Logs menu to view event logs.
Navigation: Choose Main > Logs

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Using the Logs Menu

Viewing the History Log (History)

The History option allows you to view a history of the events that have occurred on the bridge and the
infrastructure. All events are stored within the bridge in a 10-KB memory buffer. The actual number of
events the bridge saves depends on the size of each log stored in the buffer.
Log events display in a least-recent to most-recent order. If the memory buffer becomes full, the oldest
event in the buffer is replaced by the most recent.
Only events that occurred since the bridge was last powered up or since the memory buffer was cleared
are saved. See “Clearing the History Buffer (Clear)” later in this chapter.

Note If a power failure occurs, events contained in the memory are not saved.

Navigation: Choose Main > Logs > History

The display looks similar to the following.

OLDEST
0:00:00 I Node 004096109e30 APBR2000-E Floor_2_109e30 added locally
0:00:03 I Node 0040961064de AP2000-E F3_1064de added for 004096109e30
30:35:09 NEWEST, cleared at 0:00:00
b[ackward], f[orward], n[ewest], o[ldest], a[ll], C[lear], q[uit] :

Interpreting the History Log

• First line: OLDEST indicates the end of the buffer display. This word appears at the end of the
history log.
• Display lines: these two lines display the time since power-up that the event occurred, the severity
level (I=information, E=error, S=severe) and the actual event text.
• Last line: indicates the current time and the time the buffer was last cleared by the operator.
NEWEST indicates the start of the history log.
• Option line: indicates the movement keys to use when viewing the history log. Since displaying the
entire history uses more than a screen page, use the following keys to navigate through the history
log:
b: moves back one page in the log
f: moves forward one page in the log
n: moves to the newest log entry
o: moves to the oldest log entry
a: dumps entire log (usually captured to a file on a PC)
C: clears the entries from the history buffer
q: exits the history log screen

Clearing the History Buffer (Clear)

The Clear option deletes all event entries from the history buffer.

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 Chapter 10 Setting Up Event Logs
Using the Logs Menu

Specifying the Type of Log to Print (Printlevel)

The Printlevel option specifies the type of event logs that appear on the console screen. The level you
select determines which events or errors appear on the screen.
There are three types of logs:
• Error/severe: displays all errors and severe errors.
• Severe: displays severe errors only.
• All: displays all errors, severe errors and information.

Specifying the Type of Log to Save (Loglevel)

The Loglevel option specifies the type of log you want to save to memory and view on the history log
screen.
There are three types of logs:
• Error/severe: displays all errors and severe errors.
• Severe: displays severe errors only.
• All: displays all errors, severe errors and information.

Specifying the Type of Event to Light Status Indicators (Ledlevel)

The ledlevel option triggers the indicator status LED to turn amber when a specific type of event or error
occurs.
There are four types of logs:
• Error/severe: displays all errors and severe errors.
• Severe: displays severe errors only.
• All: displays all errors, severe errors and information.
• Off: no events are displayed.

Setting Statistic Parameters (Statistics)

The Statistics option controls how alarms are generated based on any of the available statistics kept by
the bridge. Logs may be:
• Disabled for statistics
• Generated if the statistic changes at all
• Generated if the statistic changes at a greater than specified rate

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 Chapter 10 Setting Up Event Logs
Using the Logs Menu

To set statistic parameters, follow these steps:

Step 1 Select Statistics.

Step 2 The following menu appears:

Enter your statistics category choice. Enter the number or the short form. The short form is used to store
the command in the configuration.
Step 3 The menu of the types of statistics for your chosen statistics category appears. For example, if you enter
1_ ra Radio, the following menu appears:

Step 4 If any of the statistics already have an alarm associated, the current setting is displayed after the name.
Enter a category number or the short form of the particular statistics that you wish to change and press
Enter. The following prompt appears:
Enter an action, one of [off, any, rate]:

Step 5 Choose an action from the following list:

• Off: turns off any alarms based on the statistics value.
• Any: generates an alarm if the statistics change value.
• Rate: prompts for a rate-per-second change. If the statistic value changes faster than this rate, an
alarm is produced.

Logging Network Roaming (Network)

The Network parameter, if enabled, logs any change to radio nodes in the network. Normally, the bridge
only logs changes in location for a client that moves to or from this unit.

Backbone Nodes (Bnodelog)

The Bnodelog parameter, if enabled, logs clients that roamed to different backbone nodes. Normally, the
bridge only logs changes in the state or location of its own radio nodes.

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 Chapter 10 Setting Up Event Logs
Using the Logs Menu

SNMP Traps (Snmp)

The Snmp option displays a menu of SNMP trap actions.
Navigation: Choose Main > Logs > SNMP

Setting SNMP Trap Destinations (Trapdest)

The Trapdest option generates SNMP trap messages to a particular Network Management Station (NMS)
whenever a significant event occurs.
With SNMP enabled and the Trapdest option configured with a valid IP address, the system generates
SNMP trap messages. If the Trapdest option is set to none or if the IP address 0.0.0.0 is typed, traps are
not sent.
The following trap messages are sent as they occur:
• A cold start trap is sent when the bridge first powers up.
• A link up trap is sent when the configuration is changed or restored for a severe error condition.
• A link down trap is sent when the configuration is changed or encounters a severe error condition.
• A link up trap is sent for a bridge as soon as the radio is configured.
• An authentication failure trap is sent if an SNMP request is received with an unknown community
name. You can disable this trap by setting the Authtrap parameter to off. See “Logging Failed
Attempts (Authtrap)” later in this chapter.
• Any normal alarms and logs you have configured to be sent by setting the Loglevel parameter.

Note Since the path to the trap destination may be through a failed or not yet established radio link, it is
possible that cold start and link down traps could be lost.

Specifying Community Names for Trap Messages (Trapcomm)

The Trapcomm option specifies the community name to be used in the trap message.

Specifying the Type of Event to Cause an SNMP Trap (Loglevel)

The Loglevel option enables the bridge to generate an enterprise specific trap whenever an event of a
given severity or higher is recorded. The trapdest option must be set to on.

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 Chapter 10 Setting Up Event Logs
Using the Logs Menu

The generated trap contains the text of the event message along with the severity of the event. The
different severities are:
• Error/severe: displays all errors and severe errors.
• Severe: displays severe errors only.
• All: displays all errors, severe errors and information.
• Off: no events are displayed.

Logging Failed Attempts (Authtrap)

The Authtrap parameter allows logging of failed attempts of SNMP authentication. Default setting is off
which means authentication failures are not logged.

Forwarding Events to a UNIX System (Syslog, SysLevel, Facility, Rcvsyslog)

The Syslog option forwards events to a UNIX host running the Syslogd daemon process. Enter the IP
address of the UNIX host. If the address remains at the default of 0.0.0.0, events are not sent. You can
control the type of events sent to the daemon with the Syslevel option, which has the same arguments as
the Printlevel function described above.
Packets received by the Syslogd daemon process are recorded in the system log file on the UNIX host.
The events display on the console and are forwarded to the UNIX host. If the bridge should fail for any
reason, the events can still be viewed on the UNIX host.
The events carry the syslog facility code LOG_LOCAL0, which has a value of 16. You can change this
value with the option Facility. The syslog priority depends on the priority of the events locally.
On the UNIX host, the Syslogd daemon process usually adds the current time and IP address of the
bridge that sent the event. The bridge pre-pends its own name to the event before it is sent. See the
following example.
Jan 11 10:46:30 192.009.200.206 AIR-WGB340_285e73:

Node 0000c0d1587e ENODE added for 004096285e73

By default, the bridge receives and displays syslog messages from other bridges in the network. The
Rcvsyslog option enables or disables this function. You could choose one bridge to monitor and have all
other units configured with this bridge as their syslog host.

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 C H A P T E R 11
Performing Diagnostics

This chapter describes how to use the Diagnostics menu to maintain the bridge.
Here’s what you’ll find in this chapter:
• Using the Diagnostics Menu, page 11-2
• Using the Network Menu (Network), page 11-2
• Running a Link Test (Linktests), page 11-3
• Restarting the Bridge (Restart), page 11-3
• Returning the Bridge to the Default Configuration (Defaults/Reset), page 11-4
• Loading New Code Versions (Load), page 11-4

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 Chapter 11 Performing Diagnostics
Using the Diagnostics Menu

Using the Diagnostics Menu

Use the Diagnostics menu to analyze system problems.
Navigation: Choose Main > Diagnostics

Using the Network Menu (Network)

The Network menu provides several network diagnostics tools.
Navigation: Choose Main > Diagnostics > Network

Starting a Telnet Session (Connect)

The Connect option starts a Telnet session with a remote bridge on the infrastructure to access its console
menu. The Connect option can also be used to access any remote node (PC or server) that supports Telnet
access.
Start this connection using the remote node’s IP address. The connection is completely routable and the
destination can be anywhere in the Internet.
If the connection is to be made to another bridge that has not been assigned an IP address, start the
connection using the MAC level infrastructure address of the bridge. This connection uses a proprietary
protocol that is not routable. The destination must lie on the local LAN. The MAC level address
connection is useful when assigning IP addresses to a large number of bridges.
When starting a Telnet session with the Connect option, the remote node’s privilege level is set to the
highest level that does not have a password.
While the bridge is attempting to connect to the remote node, terminate the connection by pressing
Ctrl–C. This may be required if the incorrect address was typed.

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 Chapter 11 Performing Diagnostics
Using the Diagnostics Menu

After connecting, you can close a Telnet session and return to the local console by:
• Entering the escape sequence of characters as defined by the Escape option in the Diagnostics menu.
See “Changing the Escape Sequence” below.
• If the remote node is a Cisco Aironet node, choose the Close option which is accessible on the Main
menu during a Telnet session only.
• Using the remote node’s logout command.

Changing the Escape Sequence (Escape)

The Escape option changes the sequence of characters that are assigned to close a Telnet session to a
remote destination. Typically, you would change the sequence if the current sequence has meaning to the
remote system.
The sequence may be up to 10 characters. To enter nonprinting characters in the sequence you may:
• Use the two-character combination of caret (^) and the alphabetic character corresponding to the
control character. For example, to type Ctrl–Z, use the string ^Z.
• Use a backslash (\) followed by three octal numbers.
• Use a dollar sign ($) followed by two hexadecimal numbers.

Sending a Ping Packet (Ping)

The Ping option tests infrastructure connectivity from the bridge to other IP nodes. The Ping option
sends an ICMP echo_request packet to a user-specified remote node. If the remote node receives the
packet it also responds with an ICMP echo_response packet.
The bridge sends the echo_response packet and waits 3 seconds for a response. If there is no response,
the client sends another echo_response packet. If a response is received and a message is displayed, the
command disappears from the screen. Enter Ctrl–C to stop the command.

Physically Locating a Bridge (Find)

The Find option physically locates a bridge if you are unsure of its exact location. Invoking the option
causes the bridge’s amber LEDs blink on and off. Once you locate the bridge, use the Find option again
to return the LEDs to normal operation.

Running a Link Test (Linktests)

The Linktests option tests the quality of the radio transmission between the bridge and other nodes on
the radio network. See Chapter 4, “Configuring the Radio Network.”

Restarting the Bridge (Restart)

The Restart option reboots the bridge. All associations are lost and the bridge reacts as though it had just
been powered on.

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 Chapter 11 Performing Diagnostics
Using the Diagnostics Menu

Returning the Bridge to the Default Configuration (Defaults/Reset)

The Defaults option returns the bridge configuration to its default factory settings. The bridge erases the
currently saved configuration and executes a restart command.
The Reset option returns the bridge configuration to only part of the default configuration. There are
three entry options:
• ident_save: all parts of the configuration except the IP address are defaulted.
• radio_default: only the radio configuration is defaulted.
• filter_default: only the filter information is defaulted.

Loading New Code Versions (Load)

The bridge code is stored in a Flash memory chip inside the bridge. Use the Load option to load new
code versions of the bridge’s firmware and save it to Flash memory.
To load new versions of the firmware, the code must be loaded into main memory first, then programmed
into the Flash memory. The bridge reboots using the new firmware. The Flash memory retains the new
version even if the power is disconnected.
The new firmware can be downloaded into the bridge using:
• FTP: load the new firmware into a single bridge using File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Then use FTP
to upload (send) the code running in the local bridge to other remote bridges on the infrastructure.
• Distribute: load the new firmware into a single bridge using FTP. Then use the Distribute option
to simultaneously load all of the other bridges on the infrastructure.When you select the Load
option, the Diagnostics Load menu appears:
Navigation: Choose Main > Diagnostics > Load

Downloading or Uploading Firmware Using FTP (Ftp)

Use the Ftp option to download or upload firmware. The bridge can be an FTP client or FTP server.
To upload or download firmware you can initiate a connection from:
• The bridge console to a remote PC or host and retrieve a new version of the firmware.
• The bridge console to a remote PC or host and send a copy of the running firmware.
• One bridge console to another allowing bridges to send or receive firmware running locally.
• A PC or host system to the bridge and send a new firmware version.

Note Before you download or upload new code versions, make sure you have set the IP address on all
bridges involved.

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 Chapter 11 Performing Diagnostics
Using the Diagnostics Menu

When you select the Ftp option, the Diagnostics Load FTP menu appears:
Navigation: Choose Main > Diagnostics > Load > Ftp

Downloading a New Firmware or Configuration File (Get)

Use the Get option to download (retrieve) firmware or a configuration file. After the file loads, the bridge
checks the first characters of the file. If !CONFIGURATION is present, the file contains menu
configuration commands. Otherwise, the file is considered to be firmware and is loaded in Flash memory
and executed. Follow these steps:

Step 1 Load the file onto the PC, host, or bridge from which you will retrieve the firmware.
Step 2 Choose the Dest option and enter the IP address of the host PC or bridge.
Step 3 Choose the Username option and enter the username required to access the firmware file.
If downloading from another Cisco Aironet bridge, the Username option must have a value even though
the value is not used by the remote bridge.
Step 4 Choose the Password option and enter the password associated with the username.
If downloading from another Cisco Aironet bridge, the login password value must match the console
write privilege password on the remote bridge.
Step 5 Choose the Filename option and enter the name of the firmware file you are retrieving (including drive
and directory), then press Enter.
If downloading from another Cisco Aironet bridge, the Filename option must have a value even though
the value is not used by the remote bridge.
Step 6 Choose the Get option.
The bridge begins an FTP session to the host PC, retrieves the file, programs the Flash memory and
reboots. A message similar to the following is displayed.

220 sun_host FTP server (SunOS 4.1) ready.

230 User sysop logged in.
200 Type set to I.
200 PORT command successful.
150 Binary data connection for apv33.img (163056 bytes).
226 Binary Transfer complete.
221 Goodbye.
FTP: received 161056 bytes in 00:00:10; 15 Kbytes/s transfer rate
rebooting unit.

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 Chapter 11 Performing Diagnostics
Using the Diagnostics Menu

Uploading a New Firmware Version (Put)

Use the Put option to upload (send) a copy of the currently running firmware to another system. If the
system is a PC or host, a copy of the firmware is stored on the system’s disk, possibly for downloading
to other bridges later.
If the system is a Cisco bridge, the remote bridge flashes the new code and begins running it
immediately. You can use one bridge to upgrade another bridge. Follow these steps:

Step 1 Choose the Dest option and enter the IP address of the remote PC, host, or bridge you are sending to and
press Enter.
Step 2 Choose the Username option and enter the username for the remote PC, host, or bridge you are sending
to and Press Enter.
If you are uploading to another Cisco bridge, the Username option must have a value even though the
value is not used by the remote bridge.
Step 3 Choose the Password option and enter the access password for the remote PC, host, or console. Press
Enter.
Step 4 Choose the Filename option and enter the name of the firmware file you are sending to the PC, host, or
bridge (including drive and directory) and press Enter.
If uploading to another Cisco bridge, the Filename option must have a value even though the value is not
used by the remote bridge.
Step 5 Choose the Put option. The bridge begins an FTP session to the remote PC host or bridge.

Uploading the Bridge’s Configuration (Config)

The Config option saves the configuration on a remote host or PC in a format suitable for later
downloading using FTP or BOOTP.
You are first prompted for the name of the file to be created on the remote system. You are then prompted
to choose All, Non-default, or the Distributable configuration options:
• All: sends every configuration item.
• Non-default: sends only those configuration items that have been modified from their default
values.
• Distributable: sends the configuration items that can be distributed to other bridges.
The file transfer begins after you choose the configuration file type.

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 Chapter 11 Performing Diagnostics
Using the Diagnostics Menu

Distributing Firmware or Configuration (Distribute)

Navigation: Choose Main > Diagnostics > Load > Distribute

The Diagnostics Load Distribute menu provides a range of options for distributing firmware or
configuration from one bridge to all other bridges on the infrastructure. These options reduce the time
needed to perform firmware upgrades or make global changes to the configuration.
If you are distributing a configuration, examine the parts of the bridge’s configuration that will be
distributed by choosing Main > Configuration > Dump > Distributable > Standard.
The Go option starts the distribution. The following message appears:
Finding the other units ....

When the command executes, the local bridge sends a special broadcast message to all other bridges in
the radio infrastructure. The message reports that the bridge has a new firmware file with its assigned
version number or a configuration file.
The remote bridges then determine whether to respond based on the value of their control parameter.
Any responses are displayed on the local bridge similar to the following message.
AIR-WGB340 004096285e73 has code version 8.36 (checksum 1829)

When the local bridge receives a response to its request, the remote bridge is added to a list of bridges
to be loaded. When the response time-out period has expired, the local bridge begins loading all remote
bridges in parallel using a proprietary protocol. A message similar to the following is displayed.
Loading 004096001d45
Loading 00409610345f

If any remote bridges timeout during the load, they are removed from the list. After all bridges finish
loading, the local bridge displays a count of the successful loads. A message similar to the following is
displayed.
Completed loading 004096001d45
Completed loading 00409610345f
Loading of 2 Workgroup Bridges completed

The Type option selects the file type to be distributed. Choices are firmware or configuration.

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 Chapter 11 Performing Diagnostics
Using the Diagnostics Menu

The Control option controls how the remote bridges respond to a request to send a configuration or
firmware. You can choose from the following options:
• None: the bridge never responds and cannot be loaded by another bridge using the distribute
command.
• Newer: the bridge only responds if the version of firmware being distributed has a larger version
number than the code currently running. This selection applies only to firmware downloads.
• Any: the bridge always responds. It is up to the distributing bridge to determine whether to load the
local bridge.
• A password of at most 8 characters: a password that must be typed by the operator of the bridge
doing the distribution. The local bridge will not respond to any distributions that do not supply this
password.
If the distribution is password protected, only those bridges that have the same password configured in
the control parameter accept the distribution. Therefore, the bridges can be protected from unwanted
loads. The password may also be used to divide the bridges into code load groups such that the loads to
one group do not affect the other groups.
If the distribution is done without a password, the load is ignored by remote bridges with a configured
password. If a remote bridge does not have a password and firmware is being distributed, it only accepts
the load based on the version number and code checksum.
The Add option changes the distributable configuration. Each line of the configuration carries a
designation either send or local. After typing the encoded configuration ID, type either send or local to
change the assigned designation and press Enter twice to apply the change.
The Remove option reverses the most recent change. You can choose between reversing the change made
to a single encoded configuration ID or typing all to reverse all designations.
The Show option lists the changes made to configuration items.
The Dump option displays the complete configuration.

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 A P P E N D I X A
Workgroup Bridge Specifications

The following tables list the bridge’s specifications.

LAN Interface Supported

Table A-1 LAN Interface Supported

Cable Specifications Connector

Twisted Pair Ethernet IEEE 802.3 10BaseT RJ-45 connector

Radio Characteristics
Table A-2 Radio Characteristics

Characteristic Description
Frequency 2.400 to 2.497 GHz
Modulation Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
Antenna Standard is single captured antenna.
Option is two RP-TNC diversity connectors to install
remote antennas.
Power Output 340 series: 1 to 30 mW
350 series: 1 to 100 mW
Compliance Operates license-free under FCC Part 15 and
complies as a Class B computing device. Complies
with DOC regulations.
Complies with ETS 300.328, FTZ 2100 and MPT
1349 standards (and others).

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 Appendix A Workgroup Bridge Specifications
Physical Specifications

Physical Specifications
Table A-3 Physical Specifications

Specification Description
Size 20 x 15 x 5 cm (7.8 x 5.9 x 1.9 in.)
Status indicators Top panel: radio traffic activity, Ethernet traffic
activity, status
Back panel (Ethernet only): Ethernet Rx and Tx
activity, polarity
Power supply Power pack. The power pack is either 120VAC/60Hz
or 90–264VAC/47–63Hz, whichever is appropriate
for country of use.
Weight 0.7 kg (1 lb 8 oz)
Operating environment –20°c to 50°C (–4°F to 122°F)

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 A P P E N D I X B
Console Menu Tree

The console system consists of multiple sub-menus that branch off the Main menu, much like a tree. This
appendix provides you with a detailed listing of all menus, sub-menus, and options contained in the
console system.

Main Menu

Main Menu

Configuration Statistics Association Filter Logs Diagnostics Privilege Close Help

45014

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 Appendix B Console Menu Tree
Configuration Menu

Configuration Menu
Main Menu

Configuration

Radio Security Ethernet Ident Console Time Dump

Mode Active BootP_DHC Rpassword Time_server

Username Size Name Wpassword Sntp_server
Userpwd Add Class Display Offset
Remove Inaddr Add Dst
Display Inmask Delete
Stalltime Gateway Communties
Keep Roting Display
DNS1 Add
DNS2 Remove
Type
Domain Access
Port
Location Linemode Remote
Contact

Ssid Rates Basic_rates World I80211 Linktests Extended

RTS Strength Parentid

Privacy Align Parent_timeout
Multicast Count_retry
Encryption Unicast Refresh
Auth Remote Power
Key Destination Fragment
Transmit Size Options
Count
Rate
Errors

45010
Autotest
Continuous

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Appendix B Console Menu Tree
Statistics Menu

Statistics Menu

Main Menu

Statistics
Throughput
Radio
Ethernet
Status
Map
Watch
History
Nodes
ARP
45015

Display_time

Association Menu

Main Menu

Association
Display
45009

Niddisp

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 Appendix B Console Menu Tree
Filter Menu

Filter Menu

Main Menu

Filter

Multicast Node Protocols Direction

Default Ethdst Default

Show Display Unicast
Add Ipdisplay Display
Remove Add Add
Remove Remove
Length
Monitor

45012
Show
Clear

Logs Menu
Main Menu

Logs

History
Clear
Printlevel
Loglevel
Ledlevel
Statistics
Network
Bnodelog
Snmp

Trapdest
Trapcomm
Loglevel
Authtrap

Syslog
Syslevel
Facility
45013

Rcvsyslog

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Appendix B Console Menu Tree
Diagnostics Menu

Diagnostics Menu
Main Menu

Diagnostics

Network Linktests Restart Defaults Reset Load

Connect Strength FTP
Escape Align
Ping Get
Multicast
Find Put
Unicast
Config
Remote
Dest
Destination
Username
Size
Password
Count
Filename
Rate
Errors Distribute
Autotest
Continuous Go
Type
Control
Add
Remove
Show

45011
Dump

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 Appendix B Console Menu Tree
Diagnostics Menu

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 I N D E X

Basic_rates option 4-2

A
basic rate
Active option 5-2 defined 4-2
Add option selecting 4-2
Configuration Console menu 3-5 Bnodelog option 10-6
Configuration Ethernet menu 5-2 BootP/DHCP
Filter menu 9-3, 9-4, 9-6 configuration options 6-2
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) 7-8 configuring DHCP servers 6-3
alignment test 4-6 procedure for selecting 6-2
Align option 4-6 using for file downloads 6-2
ANSI mode 3-7 bridge
antenna overview 1-1 to 1-4
configuration 1-3 physically locating 11-3
verifying proper installation 4-11 restarting 11-3
ARP information, displaying 7-8
ARP option 7-8
assigning an IP address 6-3
C
association defined 1-3 cell defined 1-3
Association menu 8-2 to 8-3 Class option 6-3
association table, displaying 8-2 Clear option
authentication mode, setting 4-5 Filter menu 9-8
Auth option 4-5 Logs menu 10-4
Authtrap option 10-8 client node addresses
automatic link test adding 5-2
LED display patterns 4-9 displaying 5-2
runing at startup 4-9 removing 5-2
setting 4-9 color mode 3-7
Autotest option 4-9 Communities option 3-6
Config option 11-6
configuration
B
backing up 3-9
backbone nodes 10-6 downloading new version 11-5
backing up a configuration 3-9 restoring 3-10

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 Index

restoring default 11-4 Association menu 8-2

saving 3-8 Configuration Console menu 3-5
typical, illustrated 1-4 Configuration Ethernet menu 5-2
uploading new version 11-6 Configuration Identity menu 6-4
Configuration Ethernet menu 5-2 to 5-3 Filter menu 9-4, 9-5
Configuration Identity menu 6-2 to 6-5 Distribute option 11-7
Configuration menu 3-1 to 3-10 Diversity option 4-11
Configuration Radio Extended menu 4-10 to 4-11 DNS1 option 6-5
Configuration Radio menu 4-2 to 4-11 DNS2 option 6-5
Configuration Security menu 3-3 DNS server names, using 6-5
Connect option 11-2 Domain option 6-5
console menu trees B-1 to B-5 DSSS 1-2, 1-3
console port Dump option 3-9
Linemode option in 3-7
privilege levels and passwords 3-4
E
setting the terminal type 3-7
console system 2-1 to 2-6 encryption, enabling 4-4 to 4-5
Contact option 6-5 Encryption option 4-5
continuous link test 4-9 end node, defined 1-3
Continuous option 4-9 error log 10-2
Count_retry option 4-10 errors
Count option 4-8 radio transceiver 7-3
transmitter 7-4
viewing 4-8
D
Errors option 4-8
data rate 4-2 Escape option 11-3
default action, setting 9-5 escape sequence, changing 11-3
Default option Ethdst option 9-3
Filter menu 9-5 Ethernet error statistics
Filter Multicast menu 9-2 interpreting 7-4
Defaults option 11-4 viewing 7-4
Delete option Ethernet MAC address 5-2 to 5-3
Configuration Console menu 3-5 Ethernet port
Configuration Identity Routing menu 6-5 compatibilty 1-2
Destination option 4-8 enabling/disabling 5-2
Diagnostics menu 11-2 to 11-8 event logs 10-2 to 10-3
Direction option 9-8 Extended option 4-10
Display_time option 7-9 extended radio parameters, modifying 4-10
Display option Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) 3-3

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 Index

entering 6-5
F
Inmask option 6-3
Facility option 10-8 Internet default gateway, specifying 6-4
failure to associate 7-5 IP address 6-3
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 11-4 IPdisplay option 9-4
filtering protocols 9-4 to 9-8 IP routing table, configuring 6-4
Filter menu 9-2 to 9-8 IP subnet mask, specifying 6-3
Find option 11-3
firmware
distributing 11-7
K
downloading new version 11-5 Keep option 5-3
uploading new version 11-6
Fragment option 4-11
L
fragment size, setting 4-11
FTP option 11-4 Ledlevel option 10-5
Length option 9-8
Linemode option 3-7
G
link test, continuous 4-9
Gateway option 6-4 link tests 4-6
Get option 11-5 Linktests option
Configuration Radio menu 4-6
Diagnostics menu 11-3
H
Load option 11-4
history buffer, clearing 10-4 Location option 6-5
history log, viewing 10-4 Loglevel option 10-7
History option logs
Logs menu 10-4 specifying event to light LEDs 10-5
Statistics menu 7-7 specifying type to print 10-5
Host option 6-5 specifying type to save 10-5
host route, entering 6-5 Logs menu 10-3 to 10-8

I M
IEEE 802.11 menu 4-3 to 4-6 MAC address
Inaddr option 6-3 adding 5-2
information logs 10-2 displaying 5-3
infrastructure defined 1-3 removing 5-3
infrastructure route Main menu 2-2 to 2-4
deleting 6-5 Map option 7-6

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 Index

Mode option 3-3 parent/child node defined 1-4

Monitor option 9-8 Parent_timeout option 4-10
multicast addresses, filtering 9-2 parent ID, setting 4-10
Multicast option Parentid option 4-10
Configuration Radio Link Tests menu 4-7 passwords 3-4
Filter menu 9-2 performing diagnostics 11-1 to 11-8
multicast test 4-7 Ping command 11-3
Ping packet, sending 11-3
power level, setting 4-11
N
Power option 4-11
name domain 6-5 Printlevel option 10-5
Name option 6-3 Privacy menu 4-3
Net option 6-5 privilege levels 3-4
network map, displaying 7-6 protocol monitoring 9-8
Network option 10-6, 11-2 protocols
network roaming 10-6 and data transparency 1-2
Niddisp option 8-3 filtering 9-4 to 9-8
node addresses supported 1-2
displaying 8-3 Put option 11-6
filtering 9-3
setting default 9-3
R
updating specific 9-4
node address filters, displaying 9-4 radio 1-2
node information, displaying 7-8 characteristics 1-2
node information statistics, interpreting 7-8 error statistics, viewing 7-3
node name 6-3 range, estimated 1-3
Node option 9-3 statistics, interpreting 7-3
Nodes option 7-8 radio link tests 4-6
radio network, configuring 4-2
Radio option 7-3
O
Rate option 4-2, 4-8
Options feature 4-11 Rcvsyslog option 10-8
overall status, viewing 7-5 Refresh option 4-10
refresh time, setting 4-10
remote access, controlling 3-5
P
remote link test 4-8
packet direction, accessing 9-8 Remote option 4-8
packets and protocols 1-2 Remove option
packet size and count, setting 4-8 Configuration Ethernet menu 5-2

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 Index

Filter menu 9-3, 9-4, 9-8 staletime

repeater defined 1-4 determining 5-3
Reset option 11-4 overriding 5-3
Restart option 11-3 Staletime option 5-3
restoring a configuration 3-10 statistic history
retry transmission time, setting 4-10 displaying 7-7
root unit defined 1-4 recording 7-6
Routing option 6-4 statistic history, interpreting 7-7
routing table, displaying 6-4 statistics, viewing 7-1 to 7-9
Rpassword option 3-4 Statistics menu 7-2
RTS/CTS parameters, setting 4-3 Statistics option 10-5
status, displaying overall 7-5
Status option 7-5
S
Strength option 4-6
saving configuration parameters 3-8 Syslevel option 10-8
screen display time, setting 7-9 Syslog option 10-8
security
features 1-3
T
menu 3-3
setting up event logs 10-1 to 10-8 target address, specifying 4-8
severe error logs 10-3 teletype mode 3-7
Show option 9-3, 9-8 Telnet
signal strength test 4-6 connecting through 2-2
Size option 4-8, 5-2 enabling Linemode option 3-7
SNMP starting a session 11-2
contact identifiers 6-5 terminal type, setting 3-7
location 6-5 Throughput option 7-2
logging trap attempts 10-8 throughput statistics, interpreting 7-3
setting trap destinations 10-7 throughput statistics, viewing 7-2
specifying community names for trap messages 10-7 time parameters, setting 3-8
trap actions 10-7 transmission quality, testing 4-6
SNMP communities Trapcomm option 10-7
adding 3-7 Trapdest option 10-7
displaying 3-6
read/write mode 3-7
U
removing 3-7
Snmp option 10-7 Unicast option
specifications A-1 to A-2 Configuration Radio Link Test menu 4-7
SSID option 4-2 Filter menu 9-5

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 Index

unicast packet filtering, enabling 9-5

unicast test 4-7
UNIX system, forwarding events to 10-8
Username option 3-3
Userpwd option 3-3

Watch option 7-6

web access 2-5
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) 4-3
workgroup bridge
See bridge
World mode, setting 4-2
World option 4-2
Wpassword option 3-4

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