Scribd
Upload
64 views10 pages

Mass Transfer Principles and Applications

This document provides an introduction to mass transfer. It defines concentration in terms of molecules, moles, and mass per unit volume. It describes molecular diffusion due to concentration gradients described by Fick's Law. It explains convective mass transfer using a mass transfer coefficient related to geometry, fluid properties, and flow velocity. Finally, it discusses principles of mass transfer in gases using examples applying equations for diffusion and evaporation rate.

Uploaded by

cinthia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
64 views10 pages

Mass Transfer Principles and Applications

This document provides an introduction to mass transfer. It defines concentration in terms of molecules, moles, and mass per unit volume. It describes molecular diffusion due to concentration gradients described by Fick's Law. It explains convective mass transfer using a mass transfer coefficient related to geometry, fluid properties, and flow velocity. Finally, it discusses principles of mass transfer in gases using examples applying equations for diffusion and evaporation rate.

Uploaded by

cinthia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction to Mass

Transfer
Definition of Concentration

i) Number of molecules of each species present per unit volume


(molecules/m3)
ii) Molar concentration of species i = Number of moles of i per unit
volume (kmol/m3)
iii) Mass concentration = Mass of i per unit volume (kg/m3)
Molecular diffusion

The diffusion of molecules when the whole


bulk fluid is not moving but stationary.
Diffusion of molecules is due to a
concentration gradient.
The general Fick’s Law Equation for binary mixture of A and B

dxA
*
J AZ  cDAB
dz
c = total concentration of A and B [kgmol (A + B)/m3]
xA= mole fraction of A in the mixture of A and B
Convection Mass Transfer
 When a fluid flowing outside a solid surface in forced convection motion, rate
of convective mass transfer is given by:

N A  k c (c L1  c Li )
kc - mass transfer coefficient (m/s)
cL1 - bulk fluid conc.
cLi - conc of fluid near the solid surface

 Kc depend on:
1. system geometry
2. Fluid properties
3. Flow velocity
Principles of Mass
Transfer
Molecular Diffusion in Gases
Solution

 Equation (6.1-13) can be used, where P = 1.0132 x


105 Pa, z2-z1 = 0.10 m, and T = 298 K. Substituting
into Eq. (6.1-13) for part (a),

 Rewriting Eq. (6.1-13) for component B for part (b)


and noting that pB1 = P – pA1 = 1.01325 x 105 – 1.013 x
104 = 9.119 x 104 Pa and pB2 = P – pA2 = 1.01325 x 105
– 0.507 x 104 = 9.625 x 104 Pa.

 The negative for J*B means the flux goes from point 2
to point 1.
For equimolar counterdiffussion, NA=-NB ,
then NA=J*A=-NB=-J*B
Example 6.2-4

A sphere of naphthalene having a radius of


2.0
mm is suspended in a large volume of still
air at
318 K and 1.101325 x 105 Pa (1 atm). The
surface temperature of the naphthalene can
be
assumed to be at 318 K is 6.92 x 10-6 m2/s.
Calculate the rate of evaporation of
naphthalene from the surface.
Solution

 The flow diagram is similar to Fig. 6.2-3a. DAB =


6.92 x 10-6 m2/s, pA1 = (0.555/760)(1.01325 x 105)
= 74.0 Pa, pA2 = 0, r1 = 2/1000 m, R = 8314
m3.Pa/kg mol.K, pB1 = P-pA1 = 1.01325 x 105 – 74.0
= 1.01251 x 105 Pa, pB2 = 1.01325 x 105 – 0. since
the values of pB1 and pB2 are close to each other,

 Substituting into Eq. (6.2-32),

You might also like