Huson University College/ Water & Environmental Engineering Dept.
Question bank (Industrial Wastewater Treatment)
1) List advantages of using anaerobic treatment over aerobic treatment
Answer
Anaerobic microbial processes are known to have several important advantages over aerobic
microbial processes:
(1) lower production rate of sludge,
(2) operable at higher influent BOD and toxics levels,
(3) no cost associated with delivering oxygen to the reactor, and
(4) production of a useful by-product, methane (biogas).
2) Describe in general the characteristics (content) of pharmaceutical wastewater in
regard to biodegradable and toxic matters:
Answer
Generally, these wastewaters contain:
a. A high content of organic matter, a large part of which is easily biodegradable
(alcohol, acetone, etc).
b. Slowly biodegradable organic compounds and refractory substances (aromatic
compounds, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc).
c. Inhibiting and toxic compounds (antibiotics).
d. Soaps and detergents with surfactants.
3) Complete the following equations that which describe a hydroxide precipitation
of soluble metals:
Answer
Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) Cu(OH)2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)
Ni(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) Ni(OH)2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)
2 AgNO3(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) Ag2O(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) + H2O
4) Name the treatment units/processes shown on following flow diagram for a treatment plant
used to treat textile waste water:
Answer
I. Question : Multiple choice questions: choose the most correct answer of following statements
1) You have to choose the most effective treatment process for a textile and chemical wastewater:
a. Biological (anaerobic+aerobic) Treatment
b. AOP (Fenton reagent)
c. Chlorination
d. Coagulation + filtration
2) Textile wastewater is difficult to treat because:
a. The textile industry produces large volumes of wastewater
b. Textile wastewater is often rich in color, containing residues of reactive dyes and toxic chemicals
c. Textile wastewater have high COD and BOD concentration and hard-degradation materials.
d. All a + b +c correct
3) Textile industry is very water intensive. Water is used through the whole textile production. The
primary consumption of water in textile manufacturing is in the range of:
a. 8–10 m3 /ton of finished textile
b. 80–100 m3 /ton of finished textile
c. 80–100 Litre /ton of finished textile
d. 10–20 m3 /ton of finished textile
4) One of followings is NOT among major pollutants specifically found in textile wastewater are:
a. suspended solids,
b. Organic materials with high chemical oxygen demand
c. Dyes giving intense colors
d. Heavy metals
5) One of followings is NOT included in wastewater generated in textile industry:
a. cleaning water b. process water c. storm water d. irrigation runoffs
6) One of following statements is NOT correct
a. The textile dyeing industry consumes large quantities of water and produces large volumes of
wastewater.
b. Typical cotton batch dyeing operations use salts in the range of 60- 80 % weight of dyed materials.
c. Wastewater from printing and dyeing units is often rich in color
d. Process water, cooling water and cleaning water are the major sources of textile wastewater
7) One is NOT among substances which need to be removed from textile wastewater
a. COD and BOD b. Hydrogen sulfide c. Heavy metals d. Dyes
8) One is NOT among processes which need large amounts of water and produce large amounts of
wastewater
a. Washing, b. Bleaching c. Salt baths d. Equalization
9) Which statement is correct in regard to textile wastewater effluents?
a. Sizing and Desizing wastewater effluents are rich in Starch, Wax and Carboxymethyl Cellulose
(CMC), therefor rich in BOD/COD
b. Bleaching effluents are rich in Sodiumhypochrite, Chlorine, NaOH therefore have high alkalinity
and SS
c. Mercerizing wastewater effluents have low pH, high BOD and low SS
d. Dyeing/Printing effluents are strongly colored, have high BOD, low SS and heavy metals
10) Select an effective method treatment method for dyeing wastewater having high coloring
materials:
a. Activated carbon adsorption b. Coagulation - flocculation c. Precipitation d. AOP
11) One of followings is NOT a treatment methods recently practiced to treat textile wastewater:
a. MBR
b. The Electrochemical treatment by anodic oxidation
c. Ion‐exchange zeolite treatment with different cations such as Fe(II,III), natural zeolite and Cu (II)
d. Extended Aeration Process
12) Select an effective method treatment method for metal finishing wastewater
a. Activated carbon adsorption b. Physical/chemical methods c. Constructed wetland systems
d. Ion exchange
13) One of following treatment methods is not effective in dealing with heavy metals wastewater
a. Metal Precipitation
b. Biological (Anaerobic/aerobic)
c. Reverse Osmosis (membrane filtration)
d. Ion exchange
14) In water treatment procedures, the purpose of coagulation and flocculation is to
a. Disinfect the water supply
b. Remove microorganisms, organic matter, and suspended fine particles
c. Soften the water by removing calcium and magnesium
d. Remove taste and odor problems
15) One of following processes is NOT involved in completing a metal precipitation process:
a. Equalization/ Dilution
b. pH Adjustment
c. Chemical Coagulation and Flocculation
d. Separation
16) One of followings is NOT among conventional methods for the removal of heavy metals:
a. Metal precipitation b. Coagulation/flocculation
c. Trickling filter process d. complexation/sequestration
17) One is NOT a major pollutant which need to be removed from textile wastewater
a. COD and BOD b. Hydrogen sulfide c. Heavy metals d. Dyes
II. Question: circle the most correct answer
1. The AOP process is commonly not used for pathogens inactivation because:
a. The AOP method is very costly (expensive)
b. Produced radicals have too short detention times not sufficient to disinfect water
c. The AOP process is not effective
d. All (a, b, c) are correct answers
2. Industrial wastewater from food processing facilities is characterized as :
a. biodegradable and non-toxic.
b. has high concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS)
c. contains toxic compounds
d. (a +b) are the correct answers
3. Main pollution in textile wastewater comes from:
a. Acids and basis used b. dyeing and finishing processes c. Coagulants added
b. All (a, b, c) correct
4. Materials which need to be removed from textile wastewater:
a. COD, BOD b. nitrogen, c. heavy metals and dyes d. All mentioned (a, b, c)
5. The process by which a removal of suspended solids from wastewater through the addition of
polymers, ferric chloride, alum added to wastewater just prior to clarification is called:
a. Flocculation b. Chemical Coagulation c. Rapid or flash mixing d. Chemical precipitation
6. The process by which a removal of natural coloring materials of textiles is:
a. Chemical Washing b. Chemical Coagulation c. Bleaching d. Chemical precipitation
7. A wastewater treatment process in which undesirable ionic materials in wastewater are
exchanged for other ions on a resin material is called:
a. Interception b. Chemical Coagulation c. Ion exchange d. Chemical precipitation
8. The removal of cyanide from wastewater through the process of alkaline chlorination is called
a. Chemical precipitation b. Cyanide oxidation c. cyanide chlorination d. alkaline precipitation
9. In water treatment procedures, the purpose of coagulation and flocculation is to
a. Disinfect the water supply
b. Remove microorganisms, organic matter, and suspended fine particles
c. Soften the water by removing calcium and magnesium
d. Remove taste and odor problems
10. One of following steps of textile wastewater treatment is not a major source of waste discharge:
a. Drying b. Washing c. Bleaching d. Dyeing
11. One of following is not reason for treatment of industrial wastewater:
a. To force industries building treatment plants and reduce unemployment
b. For separation from the mixture of all potentially toxic components
c. For destruction of all toxic properties reducing ecological problems
d. Recovery of any valuable materials leading to recycling of water and chemicals
12. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as physical process?
a. Ion exchange. b. Adsorption c. Biofiltration d. Percolating filters
13. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as chemical process?
a. Ion exchange b. Equalization c. Biofiltration d. Absorption
14. Which of following methods can reduce coloring material of textile wastewater:
a. Ion‐exchange zeolite treatment with different cations such as Fe(II), Fe(III), Cu(II),
b. The Electrochemical treatment by anodic oxidation using anodes with catalytic coatings to
oxidize the dye wastes
c. Filtration
d. (a,b) are correct answers
15.You have to choose the most effective treatment process for a textile and chemical
wastewater
a. Chemical Treatment b. AOP (Fenton reagent) c. Chlorination d. Coagulation + filtration
16.One of following compounds is not a common oxidant to be used in wastewater
treatment:
a. Sodium hypochloriteRemoval Na2CLO
b. Potasium permanganat KMNO4
c. Nitrogen Pentoxide N2O5
d. Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
17.One of following compounds is not a common reduction agent to be used in
wastewater treatment:
a. Sulfur dioxide SO2 b. Ferrous disulfate FeSO4 c. Hydrogen sulfide H2S
d. Sodium bisulfite NaHSO3
18. Operation and control of industrial wastewater plants is difficult because:
a. Due to suden changes in temperature and organic loading,
b. Industrials wastewater flows are high with high concentrations
c. Industrials wastewater flows are small with high variation in content
d. Wastewater of industries is stopped overnight
19.Industrial wastewater treatment represent a high risk for workers because:
b. Workers may be exposed to chemicals, organisms or toxic gases by direct contact
c. Lack (low) oxygen availability
d. Workers are endangered from running machines
e. All a + b +c correct
20.Textile wastewater is difficult to treat because:
a. The textile industry produces large volumes of wastewater
b. Textile wastewater is often rich in color, containing residues of reactive dyes and
chemicals,
c. Textile wastewater have high chrom, high COD and BOD concentration as well as
much more hard-degradation materials.
d. All a + b +c correct
21.Which is the most practical and economical method for removal of suspended solid
matter from polluted water?
a. Sedimentation b. Chlorination c. Chemical oxidation d. Biological oxidation
22.The amount of chemical coagulant added for treatment of polluted water
__________ with increase in temperature of the polluted water to be treated.
a. remains constant. b. increases c. decreases d. may increase or decrease
23.Fresh industrial discharges are __________ in nature.
a. alkaline b. acidic c. neutral d. (a +b)
24.Odor and bad taste of industrial wastewater is best removed by treating with
a. alum b. bleaching powder c. activated carbon d. copper sulphate.
III. Question: complete following process equations
1. In the O3/ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, H2O2 is generated as an oxidant primarily through
O3 photolysis
O3 + H2O + hv → H2O2 + O2
2. photolysis of H2O2 to generate OH*
H2O2 + hv → 2OH*
3. Fenton Reaction Producing OH radicals by means of addition of H2O2 to Fe²+ salts
Fe²+ + H2O2 Fe3+ + OH- + OH*
4. List 5 Techniques commonly used for treating industrial process wastewater
Answer
• Precipitation, coagulation and flocculation , • Biological oxidation
• Membrane filtration , • Reverse osmosis , • Adsorption by activated carbon
• Advanced chemical oxidation
5. Why industries use water (for what purposes industries use water)?
Answer
Food processing, Heating, Cooling, Carrier of raw materials and waste, for preparing
solvents
IV. Question : circle the most correct answer /s
1. For an industrial wastewater to be successfully treated by biological means:
f. It should not be too much costly
b. It should not inhibit the biological process
c. It should have enough quantities of organics requiring removal
d. All (a, b, c) are correct answers
2. The quantity of organics in an industrial wastewater is indicated (presented) by:
g. The wastewater’s BOD5 content
b. The wastewater’s COD content
c. All biodegradable and non-biodegradable total supended solids (TSS)
d. All (a, b, c) are correct answers
3. Industrial wastewater from food processing facilities is characterized as :
a. biodegradable and non-toxic.
b. has high concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS)
c. contains toxic compounds
d. (a +b) are the correct answers
4. Main pollution in textile wastewater comes from:
a. Acids and basis used b. dyeing and finishing processes c. Coagulants added
b. All (a, b, c) correct
5. Materials which need to be removed from textile wastewater:
a. COD, BOD b. nitrogen, c. heavy metals and dyes d. All mentioned (a, b, c)
6. The process by which a removal of natural coloring materials of textiles is:
a. Chemical Washing b. Chemical Coagulation c. Bleaching d. Chemical precipitation
7. The removal of cyanide from wastewater through the process of alkaline chlorination is called
a. Chemical precipitation b. Cyanide oxidation c. cyanide chlorination d. alkaline precipitation
8. In water treatment procedures, the purpose of coagulation and flocculation is to
a. Disinfect (kill bacteria and pathogens) the water supply
b. Remove microorganisms, organic matter, and suspended fine particles
c. Soften the water by removing calcium and magnesium
d. Remove taste and odor problems
9. One of following steps of textile wastewater treatment does not produce much wastewater:
a. Drying b. Washing c. Bleaching d. Dyeing
10. Why should industrial wastewater be treated:
a. To force industries to build treatment plants and reduce unemployment of engineers
b. For removal of all toxic components in wastewater
c. To enable industries to get ISO certificates and insurance
d. Recovery of any valuable materials leading to recycling of water and chemicals
11. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as physical process?
a. Ion exchange. b. Adsorption c. Biofiltration d. Percolating filters
12. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as chemical process?
a. Ion exchange b. Equalization c. Biofiltration d. Absorption
13. Which of following methods can reduce (remove) coloring material of textile wastewater:
a. Ion‐exchange zeolite treatment with different cations such as Fe(II), Fe(III), Cu(II),
b. The Electrochemical treatment by anodic oxidation using anodes with catalytic coatings to
oxidize the dye wastes
c. Filtration
d. Sedimentation
14. You have to choose the most effective treatment process for a textile and chemical wastewater
a. Chemical Treatment b. AOP (Fenton reagent) c. Chlorination d. Coagulation + filtration
15. Operation and control of industrial wastewater plants is difficult because:
a. Due to frequent changes in temperature and organic loading,
b. Industrials wastewater flows are high with high concentrations
c. Industrials wastewater flows are small with high variation in content
d. Wastewater of industries is stopped overnight
16. Fresh industrial discharges are __________ in nature.
a. alkaline b. acidic c. neutral d. (a +b)
17. Odor and bad taste of industrial wastewater is best removed by treating with
a. alum b. bleaching powder c. activated carbon d. copper sulphate.
V. Question:
1. Why industries use water (for what purposes industries use water)?
Answer
Water is used for
- food processing,
- Heating and Cooling,
- Carrier of raw materials and waste,
- For preparing Solvents
2. List the principal physical characteristics of wastewater
Solids content, color, odour and temperature, turbidity
3. List processes available for treating aqueous radioactive waste:
Ion exchange/sorption, Chemical precipitation, Evaporation and separation
techniques (membranes such as (ultrafiltration/ Reverseosmosis)
VI. Question: True/False questions
1. Because industrial wastewater exhibits great variability in regard to its content of organic and
inorganic materials, its treatment is generally easy and robust. FALSE
2. The content of industrial effluents varies from one industry to another. Thus, every industrial effluent
(and pollutants) require a specific treatment technology TRUE
3. Metal Precipitation, adsorption, and disinfection are the most common examples for chemical
treatment used for industrial wastewater treatment. TRUE
4. The best option to remove solids from wastewater is by using simple sedimentation tanks TRUE
5. Despite the widespread of industries, flow of industrial wastewater is much smaller than municipal
wastewater TRUE
6. Industry with heavy metals usage may produce sludge that might be not accepted at agricultural fields
TRUE
7. Radioactive Industrial wastewater can be treated using separation techniques (membranes),
evaporation, adsorption and ion exchange TRUE
8. Radioactive wastewater is only produced while operating nuclear power plants (NPPs). FALSE
9. Biological oxidation is a proven method for radioactive wastewater treatment that provides both good
decontamination and concentration reduction results. FALSE
10. Chemical precipitation methods based on the coagulation-flocculation separation principle are mostly
used in nuclear power plants for the treatment of liquid TRUE
VII. Question : Circle the most correct answer
1. One of following is not an objective (reason) for industrial wastewater treatment:
a. To force industries building treatment plants and reduce unemployment
b. For separation from the mixture of all potentially toxic components
c. For destruction of all toxic properties reducing ecological problems
d. Recovery of any valuable materials leading to recycling of water and chemicals
2. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as physical process?
e. Ion exchange.
f. Adsorption
g. Biofiltration
h. Percolating filters
3. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as chemical process?
a. Ion exchange
b. Equalization
c. Biofiltration
d. Absorption
4. One of following is not an advanced oxidation processes (AOPs):
UV/O3 process, UV/H2O2, O3/H2O2, H2O2/TiO2
5. One of following compounds is not a common oxidant to be used in wastewater
treatment:
i. Sodium hypochloriteRemoval Na2CLO
j. Potasium permanganat KMNO4
k. Nitrogen Pentoxide N2O5
l. Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
6. Operation and control of industrial wastewater plants is difficult because:
a. Due to drastic changes in temperature and organic loading,
b. Industrials wastewater flows are high with high concentrations
c. Industrials wastewater flows are small with high variation in content
d. Wastewater of industries is stopped overnight
7. One of following compounds is not a common oxidant to be used in wastewater
treatment:
a. Sodium hypochloriteRemoval Na2CLO
b. Potasium permanganat KMNO4
c. Nitrogen Pentoxide N2O5
d. Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
8. Industrial wastewater treatment represent a high risk for workers because:
h. Workers may be exposed to chemicals, organisms or toxic gases by direct contact
i. Lack (low) oxygen availability
j. Workers are endangered from running machines
k. All a + b +c correct
9. Turbidity of water is an indication of the presence of
a. dissolved gases
b. dissolved solids
c. suspended inorganic matter
d. floating solids
10.The amount of chemical coagulant added for treatment of polluted water
__________ with increase in temperature of the polluted water to be treated.
a. remains constant.
b. increases
c. decreases
d. may increase or decrease ; depends on the chemical characteristics of polluted water.
11.Fresh industrial discharges are __________ in nature.
a. alkaline
b. acidic
c. neutral
d. (a +b)
12. The AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process) is commonly not used for pathogens
inactivation because:
l. The AOP method is very costly (expensive)
b. Produced radicals have too short detention times not sufficient to disinfect water
c. The AOP process is not effective
d. All (a, b, c) are correct answers
13. Industrial wastewater from food processing facilities is characterized as :
a. biodegradable and non-toxic.
b. has high concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS)
c. contains toxic compounds
d. (a +b) are the correct answers
14. Main pollution in textile wastewater comes from:
a. Acids and basis used
b. dyeing and finishing processes
c. Coagulants added
d. (a, b, c) correct
15. Materials which need to be removed from textile wastewater:
a. COD, BOD
b. Nitrogen,
c. Heavy metals and dyes
d. All mentioned (a, b, c)
16. The process by which a removal of suspended solids from wastewater through the addition of
polymers, ferric chloride, alum added to wastewater just prior to clarification is called:
a. Flocculation
b. Chemical Coagulation
c. Rapid or flash mixing
d. Chemical precipitation
17. The process by which a removal of natural coloring materials of textiles is:
a. Chemical Washing
b. Chemical Coagulation
c. Bleaching
d. Chemical precipitation
18. A wastewater treatment process in which undesirable ionic materials in wastewater are
replaced by other ions on a resin material is called:
a. Interception
b. Chemical Coagulation
c. Ion exchange
d. Chemical precipitation
19. In water treatment procedures, the purpose of coagulation and flocculation is to
a. Disinfect the water supply
b. Remove microorganisms, organic matter, and suspended fine particles
c. Soften the water by removing calcium and magnesium
d. Remove taste and odor problems
20. One of following steps of textile wastewater treatment is not a major source of waste
production:
a. Drying
b. Washing
c. Bleaching
d. Dyeing
21. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as physical process?
a. Ion exchange.
b. Adsorption
c. Biofiltration
d. Percolating filters
22. Specify which of following treatment steps are considered as chemical process?
a. Ion exchange
b. Equalization
c. Biofiltration
d. Absorption
23.You have to choose the most effective treatment process for a textile and
chemical wastewater
a. Chemical Treatment
b. AOP (Fenton reagent)
c. Chlorination
d. Coagulation + filtration
24. Operation and control of industrial wastewater plants is difficult because:
a. Due to suden changes in temperature and organic loading,
b. Industrials wastewater flows are high with high concentrations
c. Industrials wastewater flows are small with high variation in content
d. Wastewater of industries is stopped overnight
25. Industrial wastewater treatment represent a high risk for workers because:
a) Workers may be exposed to chemicals, organisms or toxic gases by direct contact
b) Lack (low) oxygen availability
c) Workers are endangered from running machines
d) All a + b +c correct
26. The term “Industrial wastewater” involves:
a. Contaminated cooling water. Contaminated process waters and wash-down waters.
b. Water discharged from homes, businesses, schools and offices
c. Contaminated rain water collected at industrial plant
d. (a +b + c) are the correct answers
27.One of following compounds is NOT a common oxidant to be used in wastewater
treatment:
a. Sodium hypochloriteRemoval Na2CLO
b. Potasium permanganat KMNO4
c. Nitrogen Pentoxide N2O5
d. Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
28.One is NOT a criteria for selection and design of an IWWT (facility) process:
The selection and design of treatment facilities is based on:
a. A study of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the wastewater
b. The quality that must be maintained in the environment (to be reused, discharged)
c. The applicable environmental standards or discharge requirements that must be
met
d. Laborer skills availability
29.When IWW is discharged untreated to environment, which pollutant lead to the
depletion of natural oxygen resources:
a. Suspended solids
b. Nutrients
c. Heavy metals
d. Chemical biodegradable organics
30.Which content of IWW cause the accumulation of deposits and sludge:
a. Physical suspended solids
b. Nutrients (N, P)
c. Dissolved organic solids
d. Chemical biodegradable organics
31.One of followings is NOT a major objective of removing SS from IWW:
a. Suspended solids settle to the bottom or wash up on the banks and decompose,
causing odors and depleting oxygen in the river water.
b. Fish often die because of a sudden lowering of the oxygen content of a stream.
c. Excessive production of sludge creates unsightly conditions and destroys the
use of a river for recreational purposes.
d. These solids increase the pH of the watercourse and effect aquatic life
VIII. Question: Circle the most correct answer
1. Inorganic salts, which are present in most industrial wastes should be removed
because:
a. They cause water to be "hard" and make a stream undesirable for industrial,
municipal and agricultural usage.
b. Salts may deposit scale on municipal water- distribution pipelines, increasing
resistance to flow and lowering the overall capacity of the lines.
c. Under proper environmental conditions, inorganic salts especially N and P induce the
growth of microscopic plant life (algae) in surface waters.
d. All (a +b +c) correct
2. On of followings is NOT a reason to remove Floating Solids and liquids from IWW
a) They interferes with natural reaeration
b) They are toxic to certain species of fish and aquatic life
c) They cause trouble in conventional water treatment processes by imparting tastes and
odors to water
d) All (a +b +c) correct
3. One of followings is NOT a major objective of Equalization:
a. equalization of pH
b. lowering of turbidity
c. lowering of B.O.D
d. decreasing of heavy metals concentration
4. One of followings is NOT an objective purpose of oxidation:
a. Converting undesirable chemical species to species such as (Mn+2, CN- ) to harmless
materials
b. Oxidize of organics such as: phenol, amines, odors, colors
c. Killing of bacteria, and algae
d. Reduce pH, alkalinity, turbidity and hardness
5. One of followings is NOT correct in regard to production of Hydroxyl radicals
(OH*):
a. Ultraviolet radiation/hydrogen peroxide
b. Ultraviolet radiation/ozone,
c. Fenton’s reagent (ferrous iron and hydrogen peroxide)
d. Sodium dichromate Na2Cr2O7/ Ultraviolet radiation
6. One of followings is NOT among applications of Ozone:
a. color removal
b. phenol oxidation
c. cyanide oxidation
d. Hardness removal (removal of calcium and magnesium)
IX. Question : Indicate which of following statements are true or false
1) All industries use water and produce contaminated wastewater TRUE/FALSE
2) The primary objective of industrial wastewater is to protect humans from adverse water quality
conditions. TRUE/FALSE
3) Wet air oxidation is a process in which oxygen dissolved in the wastewater under pressure is
used as an oxidizing agent at high temperature (about 100 oC) and high pressure (100- 150 kPa).
TRUE/FALSE
4) IWW produced from industrial facilities is very variable range with respect to the organic matter content
(BOD/COD), the solids content, the chemical composition, the biodegradability of the chemicals and the
C:N:P ratio TRUE/FALSE
5) Raw domestic sewage may has a COD of 4000 - 6000 mg/l, whereas IWW may has COD of < 100 mg/L
TRUE/FALSE
6) Disposal
Chemical, biological, or mechanical procedures applied to industrial wastewater to remove, reduce, or
neutralize contaminants. TRUE/FALSE
7) Analytically the total solids content of a wastewater is defined as all the matter that remains as residue
upon evaporation/volatilization at 103 to 550 ◦C. TRUE/FALSE
8) Temperature of IWW is contributed by some industrial processes and cooling, is an indicator of
pollution. TRUE/FALSE
9) Following is a listing of common chemical oxidants, placed in the order of their oxidizing strength:
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) > Ozone, O3 > Flourine F2 . TRUE/FALSE
10) Toxic compounds
Chemicals Causing death, disease, physiological and reproduction malfunctions or physical deformations in
any organism upon exposure, inhalation, or assimilation. TRUE/FALSE
11) Suspended solids
Small particles of organic or inorganic materials that float on the surface of or are suspended in, wastewater,
such as sand, mud, and clay particles as well as waste materials. TRUE/FALSE
12) Primary treatment
The first stage of wastewater treatment involving removal of floating and settling materials and solids by
bacterial activities. TRUE/FALSE
13) Flocculation
Process of agitating wastewater to induce the small suspended particles to join together into heavier
particles (termed “floc”) so they settle out. TRUE/FALSE
14) The primary objective of industrial wastewater is to protect humans from adverse water quality
conditions. TRUE/FALSE
15) Screening, mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, flotation, filtration, and gas transfer are typical unit
operations. TRUE/FALSE
X. Question : Give an example (chemical equation) for following processes:
1. Oxidation of organic material { CH2O}
2. Removal of Cyanide by oxidation
3. Removal of hardness using Alum
XI. Question : Circle the most correct answer
1. The term “Industrial wastewater” involves:
e. Contaminated cooling water. Contaminated process waters and wash-down waters.
f. Water discharged from homes, businesses, schools and offices
g. Contaminated rain water collected at industrial plant
h. (a +b + c) are the correct answers
2. One of following compounds is NOT a common oxidant to be used in wastewater treatment:
a. Sodium hypochloriteRemoval Na2CLO
b. Potasium permanganat KMNO4
c. Nitrogen Pentoxide N2O5
d. Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
3. One is NOT a criteria for selection and design of an IWWT (facility) process:
The selection and design of treatment facilities is based on:
a. A study of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the wastewater
b. The quality that must be maintained in the environment (to be reused, discharged)
c. The applicable environmental standards or discharge requirements that must be
met
d. Laborer skills availability
4. When IWW is discharged untreated to environment, which pollutant lead to the
depletion of natural oxygen resources:
a. Suspended solids
b. Nutrients
c. Heavy metals
d. Chemical biodegradable organics
5. Which content of IWW cause the accumulation of deposits and sludge:
a. Physical suspended solids
b. Nutrients (N, P)
c. Dissolved organic solids
d. Chemical biodegradable organics
6. One of followings is NOT a major objective of removing SS from IWW:
a. Suspended solids settle to the bottom or wash up on the banks and decompose,
causing odors and depleting oxygen in the river water.
b. Fish often die because of a sudden lowering of the oxygen content of a stream.
c. Excessive production of sludge creates unsightly conditions and destroys the
use of a river for recreational purposes.
d. These solids increase the pH of the watercourse and effect aquatic life
7. Inorganic salts, which are present in most industrial wastes should be removed
because:
a. They cause water to be "hard" and make a stream undesirable for industrial,
municipal and agricultural usage.
b. Salts may deposit scale on municipal water- distribution pipelines, increasing
resistance to flow and lowering the overall capacity of the lines.
c. Under proper environmental conditions, inorganic salts especially nitrogen and
phosphorous induce the growth of microscopic plant life (algae) in surface
waters.
d. All (a +b +c) correct
8. One of followings is NOT a major objective of Equalization:
a. equalization of pH
b. lowering of turbidity
c. lowering of B.O.D
d. decreasing of heavy metals concntration
9. One of followings is NOT an objective purpose of oxidation:
a. Converting undesirable chemical species to species such as (Mn+2, CN- ) to harmless
materials
b. Oxidize of organics such as: phenol, amines, odors, colors
c. Killing of bacteria, and algae
d. Reduce pH, alkalinity, turbidity and hardness
10) One of followings is NOT correct in regard to production of Hydroxyl radicals
(OH*):
a. Ultraviolet radiation/hydrogen peroxide
b. Ultraviolet radiation/ozone,
c. Fenton’s reagent (ferrous iron and hydrogen peroxide)
d. Sodium dichromate Na2Cr2O7/ Ultraviolet radiation
11. One of followings is NOT among applications of Ozone:
a. color removal
b. phenol oxidation
c. cyanide oxidation
d. Hardness removal (removal of calcium and magnesium)
XII. Question : Circle the most correct answer
1. The term “Industrial wastewater” involves:
a. Contaminated cooling water. Contaminated process waters and wash-down waters.
b. Water discharged from homes, businesses, schools and offices
c. Contaminated rain water collected at industrial plant
d. (a +b + c) are the correct answers
2. One of following compounds is NOT a common oxidant to be used in wastewater
treatment:
a. Sodium hypochloriteRemoval Na2CLO
b. Potasium permanganat KMNO4
c. Nitrogen Pentoxide N2O5
d. Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2
3. One is NOT a criteria for selection and design of an IWWT (facility) process:
The selection and design of treatment facilities is based on:
a. A study of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the wastewater
b. The quality that must be maintained in the environment (to be reused, discharged)
c. The applicable environmental standards or discharge requirements that must be
met
d. Laborer skills availability
4. When IWW is discharged untreated to environment, which pollutant lead to the
depletion of natural oxygen resources:
a. Suspended solids
b. Nutrients
c. Heavy metals
d. Chemical biodegradable organics
5. Which content of IWW cause the accumulation of deposits and sludge:
a. Physical suspended solids
b. Nutrients (N, P)
c. Dissolved organic solids
d. Chemical biodegradable organics
6. One of followings is NOT a major objective of removing SS from IWW:
a. Suspended solids settle to the bottom or wash up on the banks and decompose,
causing odors and depleting oxygen in the river water.
b. Fish often die because of a sudden lowering of the oxygen content of a stream.
c. Excessive production of sludge creates unsightly conditions and destroys the use
of a river for recreational purposes.
d. These solids increase the pH of the watercourse and effect aquatic life
8. On of followings is NOT a reason to remove Floating Solids and liquids from IWW
a) They interferes with natural reaeration
b) They are toxic to certain species of fish and aquatic life
c) They cause trouble in conventional water treatment processes by imparting tastes and
odors to water
d) All (a +b +c) correct
9. One of followings is NOT a major objective of Equalization:
a. Equalization of pH
b. lowering of turbidity
c. lowering of B.O.D
d. decreasing of heavy metals concntration
10. One of followings is NOT an objective purpose of oxidation:
a. Converting undesirable chemical species to species such as (Mn+2, CN- ) to harmless
materials
b. Oxidize of organics such as: phenol, amines, odors, colors
c. Killing of bacteria, and algae
d. Reduce pH, alkalinity, turbidity and hardness
11. One of followings is NOT correct in regard to production of Hydroxyl radicals
(OH*):
a. Ultraviolet radiation/hydrogen peroxide
b. Ultraviolet radiation/ozone,
c. Fenton’s reagent (ferrous iron and hydrogen peroxide)
d. Sodium dichromate Na2Cr2O7/ Ultraviolet radiation
12) One of followings is NOT among applications of Ozone:
a. color removal
b. phenol oxidation
c. cyanide oxidation
d. Hardness removal (removal of calcium and magnesium)
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