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The concept of a green building was
developed in the 1970s in response to
the energy crisis and people¶s growing
concerns about the environment.
A Green Building, also known as a
, is a structure that
is designed, built, renovated, operated,
or re-used in an ecological and resource
efficient manner.
Sustainable development is maintaining
a delicate balance between the human
need to improve lifestyles and feeling of
well-being on one hand, and preserving
natural resources and ecosystems, on which we & future generations depend
Ôrotecting occupant health
ëmproving employee productivity
sing energy, water and other resources more efficiently
educing overall impact to the environment
°ptimal environmental and economic performance
Satisfying and quality indoor spaces
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Gontrol erosion to reduce negative impacts on water and air quality
educe pollution and land development impacts from automobile use
^imit disruption of natural water hydrology by reducing impervious cover, increasing on-
site infiltration and managing storm water run-off
uncourage and recognize increasing levels of self supply through renewable technologies
to reduce environmental impacts associated with fossil fuel energy use
Ôrovide a high level of individual occupant control of ventilation and lighting systems to
support good health, better productivity and a comfortable atmosphere
Ôrovide a connection between indoor spaces and outdoor environment through the
introduction of sunlight and views into the occupied areas of the building.
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Building design
°rientation
Building insulation (walls of AuG block and roof with over deck insulation and roof
lawn)?
indow sizing
indow shading (fixed overhangs)?
Glass selection
unvelope efficiency measures contributed to 12% savings over base case
System design
unergy efficient lighting (G ^s , efficient tube lights and electronic ballasts)?
§aylight sensing (90% lighting energy savings)?
ufficient chillers, Variable air volume systems.
ind towers for pre cooling of fresh air.
^ighting efficiency measures contributed to 15% savings over base case and HVAG
efficiency measures contributed 20% savings over base case.
G
Appropriate site selection.
uffective use of nature.
Soil erosion control.
Gapture storm water from impervious areas of the building for ground water re-charge or
reuse.
§o not use potable water for landscape irrigation. se recycled water/storm water.
ënstall moisture denser on plants for water conservation.
se recycled water for toilet flushing.
se ultra high efficiency water fittings and controls.
ºonitor water consumption through on-line controls.
G
§esign orientation of the building to get maximum day-lighting.
se green wall and green roof to avoid heat gain into the building.
Adopt spectrally natural glass materials such that it reduces heat gain, minimize lighting
of landscape features.
se of energy efficient goods
se zero G G base refrigerants in refrigeration and air-conditioning system.
se of renewable energy to reduce environmental impacts associated with fossil fuel
energy use.
ustablish Baseline data for energy consumption
§
ecyclable and Salvage materials.
ºaterial from local sources mitigating / reducing environmental impact.
ëmpact of manufacturing and transportation.
Salvage controls.
ºaterial pollutant management
Health Hazard management of workers on site.
ºaterial storage methodologies.
aste management.
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§istribution channels for air intake movement and exhaust
Glimate and pollution monitoring systems.
ulimination of chemically toxic materials and devices.
ºaintenance of optimum temperature and humidity.
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Ñ0% to 40% saving in operation costs.
Alternative energy system design
°ptimization of Gonventional unergy.
Building management, control and monitoring systems.
our main areas need to be considered in green building: materials, energy, water and health.
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These are obtained from natural, renewable sources that have been managed and harvested in a
sustainable way; or they are obtained locally to reduce the embedded energy costs of
transportation; or salvaged from reclaimed materials at nearby sites. ºaterials are assessed using
green specifications that look at their ^ife Gycle Analysis (^GA) in terms of their embodied
energy, durability, recycled content, waste minimisation, and their ability to be reused or
recycled.
ig: Natural Stone Ôermeable Ôavers
ig: Ôarasoleil ecycled Gontent Ôanels
ig: Ghocolate bamboo
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Ôassive solar design will dramatically reduce the heating and cooling costs of a building, as will
high levels of insulation and energy-efficient windows. Natural daylight design reduces a
building¶s electricity needs, and improves people¶s health and productivity. Green buildings also
incorporate energy-efficient lighting, low energy appliances, and renewable energy technologies
such as wind turbines and solar panels.
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Ôassive solar design uses sunshine to heat, cool and light homes and other buildings without
mechanical or electrical devices. ët is usually part of the design of the building itself, using
certain materials and placement of windows or skylights.
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The goal of all passive solar heating systems is to capture the sun¶s heat within the building¶s
elements and release that heat during periods when the sun is not shining. At the same time that
the building¶s elements (or materials) is absorbing heat for later use, solar heat is available for
keeping the space comfortable (not overheated).
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1. §irect Gain: Sunlight shines into and warms the living space.
2. ëndirect Gain: Sunlight warms thermal storage, which then warms the living space.
Ñ. ësolated Gain: Sunlight warms another room (sunroom) and convection brings the warmed air
into the living space.
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ºinimising water use is achieved by installing greywater and rainwater catchment systems that
recycle water for irrigation or toilet flushing; water-efficient appliances, such as low flow
showerheads, self-closing or spray taps; low-flush toilets, or waterless composting toilets.
ënstalling point of use hot water systems and lagging pipes saves on water heating.
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The principle of collecting and using precipitation from a catchments surface.
An old technology is gaining popularity in a new way. ain water harvesting is enjoying a
renaissance of sorts in the world, but it traces its history to biblical times. uxtensive rain water
harvesting apparatus existed 4000 years ago in the Ôalestine and Greece. ën ancient ome,
residences were built with individual cisterns and paved courtyards to capture rain water to
augment water from city¶s aqueducts. As early as the third millennium BG, farming communities
in Baluchistan and Kutch impounded rain water and used it for irrigation dams.
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Surface water is inadequate to meet our demand and we have to depend on ground water.
§ue to rapid urbanization, infiltration of rain water into the sub-soil has decreased drastically and
recharging of ground water has diminished.
As you read this guide, seriously consider conserving water by harvesting and managing this
natural resource by artificially recharging the system. The examples covering several dozen
installations successfully operating in ëndia constructed and maintained by GG B, provide an
excellent snapshot of current systems.
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There are two main techniques of rain water harvestings.
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The storage of rain water on surface is a traditional techniques and structures used were
underground tanks, ponds, check dams, weirs etc.
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echarge to ground water is a new concept of rain water harvesting and the structures generally
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sing non-toxic materials and products will improve indoor air quality, and reduce the rate of
asthma, allergy and sick building syndrome. These materials are emission-free, have low or no
V°G content, and are moisture resistant to deter moulds, spores and other microbes. ëndoor air
quality is also addressed through ventilation systems and materials that control humidity and
allow a building to breathe.
ën addition to addressing the above areas, a green building should provide cost savings to the
builder and occupants, and meet the broader needs of the community, by using local labour,
providing affordable housing, and ensuring the building is sited appropriately for community
needs.
