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11kVA 3 = 6350.85V 10 MVA 3 (11 kVA) = 525 A 525 (20 %) =105 A 105 A= 6350.85 V (X) 9 Ω

This document contains the solutions to three problems related to alternator protection. 1) For a 10 MVA alternator with a 9 ohm grounding resistance, 14.88% of the winding is unprotected from earth faults. 2) For a 25 MVA alternator with a 5 ohm grounding resistance, the percentage of winding protected is 68.5% and the minimum resistance to protect 95% is 0.8 ohms. 3) For a 20 MVA alternator with a 5 ohm grounding resistance and 1.5A operating current, 23.6% of each phase is unprotected. The minimum resistance to protect 90% is 2.12 ohms.

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Niño John Jayme
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2K views3 pages

11kVA 3 = 6350.85V 10 MVA 3 (11 kVA) = 525 A 525 (20 %) =105 A 105 A= 6350.85 V (X) 9 Ω

This document contains the solutions to three problems related to alternator protection. 1) For a 10 MVA alternator with a 9 ohm grounding resistance, 14.88% of the winding is unprotected from earth faults. 2) For a 25 MVA alternator with a 5 ohm grounding resistance, the percentage of winding protected is 68.5% and the minimum resistance to protect 95% is 0.8 ohms. 3) For a 20 MVA alternator with a 5 ohm grounding resistance and 1.5A operating current, 23.6% of each phase is unprotected. The minimum resistance to protect 90% is 2.12 ohms.

Uploaded by

Niño John Jayme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Activity 1.1
  • Activity 1.2
  • Activity 1.3

Niño John A.

Jayme; BSEE - 4 September 25, 2020

ELECTIVE 1 (Alternator) 22608


TTH / 3:00 TO 4:30 PM
Activity 1.2

1. A 10 MVA, 11 kV, 3–phase star-connected alternator is protected by the Merz-Price


balance-current system, which operates when the out-of-balance current exceeds
20% of full-load current. Determine what portion of the alternating winding is
unprotected if the star points is earthed through a resistance of 9Ω. The reactance of
the alternator is 2Ω.

Ans. [14.88%]

Solution:

11kVA
Vp h= =6350.85V
√3
10 MVA
I FL = =525 A
√3(11 kVA )
525(20 % )=105 A

6350.85 V (X )
105 A=
9Ω

X =0.1488

n %=(X )(100)=( 0.1488)(100)=1 4.88 %

2. The neutral point of 25 MVA, 11 kV alternator is grounded through a resistance of


5Ω, the relay is set to operate when there is an out of balance current of 2A. The
CT’s used have a ratio of 1000/5. Calculate(neglect reactance of alternator):

(i) The percentage of stator winding protected against earth fault.

Ans. [68.5%]

Solution:

Let x the unprotected winding while Xp as part that is protected

11kV
V p h= =6350.85V
√3
1000
I M= (2 A)=400 A
5

6350.85 x
400= =0.3149
5
Xp=1−0.3149=0.6851

Xp %=0.6851(100)=68.51%

(ii) The minimum value of grounding resistance to protect 95% of the


winding.

Ans. [0.8Ω]

Solution:

Let the reactance per phase be x ohms

25 MVA
I FL = =1312.16 A
√3(11 kV )

5=
√ 3( x )(1312.16) x 100
11kV

x=0.242 Ω

ℜactance of 5 % winding=(0.242)(0.05)=0.0121 Ω

E . M . F induced of 5 % winding=(6350.85)(0.05)=317.54 V

317.54 V
400=
√¿ ¿ ¿

R=0.79 Ω∨0.8 Ω

3. A 3-phase, 20 MVA, 11kV star connected alternator is protected by Merz-Price


circulating current system. The star point is earthed through a resistance of 5 ohms.
If the CT’s have a ratio of 1000/5 and the relay is set to operate when there is an out
of balance current of 1.5 A, calculate:

(i) The percentage of each phase of the stator winding which is


unprotected.

Ans. [23.6%]

Solution:

11kV
V p h= =6350.85V
√3
1000
I M= (1.5 A )=300 A
5

6350.85 V (x)
300 A=
5Ω
x=0.2362

x %=0.2362(100)=23.62 %

(ii) The minimum value grounding resistance to protect 90% of the winding.

Ans. [2.12Ω]

Solution:

Let the reactance per phase be x ohms

20 MVA
I FL = =1049.73 A
√3(11 kV )

10=
√ 3(x )(1049.73) x 100
11kV

x=0.605 Ω

reactance of 5 % winding=(0.605)(0.1)=0.0605 Ω

E . M . F induced of 5 % winding=(6350.85)(1)=635.085 V

635.085 V
300=
√ ¿¿ ¿

R=2.12 Ω

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