Population growth

Population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in a population. Global

human population growth amounts to around 83 million annually,[2] or 1.1% per year.
The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 7.8 billion[3] in 2020. It is
expected to keep growing, and estimates have put the total population at 8.6 billion by
mid-2030, 9.8 billion by mid-2050 and 11.2 billion by 2100.[4] Many nations with rapid
population growth have low standards of living, whereas many nations with low rates
of population growth have high standards of living.[5]

Contents
History Absolute increase in global human population per
Haber process year[1]
Thomas McKeown hypotheses
Population growth rate
Logistic equation Population[6]
Years passed Year Billion
Human population growth rate
– 1800 1
Growth by country
127 1927 2
Growth comparison between Africa and Europe
33 1960 3
Into the future
14 1974 4
See also
13 1987 5
References
12 1999 6
External links
12 2011 7
12 2023* 8
History 14 2037* 9

World population has been rising continuously since the end of the Black Death, around the year 18 2055* 10
1350.[7] Population began growing rapidly in the Western world during the industrial revolution. The 33 2088* 11
most significant increase in the world's population has been since the 1950s, mainly due to medical
*World Population Prospects 2017
advancements[8] and increases in agricultural productivity.[9] (United Nations Population Division)

Haber process

Due to its dramatic impact on the human ability to grow food, the Haber process served as the "detonator of the population explosion",
enabling the global population to increase from 1.6 billion in 1900 to 7.7 billion by November 2019.[10]

Thomas McKeown hypotheses

Some of the reasons for the "Modern Rise of Population"[11] were particularly investigated by the British health scientist Thomas
McKeown (1912-1988). In his publications, McKeown challenged four theories about the population growth:

1. McKeown stated that the growth in Western population, particularly surging in the 19th century, was not so much caused
by an increase in fertility, but largely by a decline of mortality particularly of childhood mortality followed by infant
mortality,[12][13]
2. The decline of mortality could largely be attributed to rising standards of living, whereby McKeown put most emphasis on
improved nutritional status,
3. His most controversial idea, at least his most disputed idea, was that he questioned the effectiveness of public health
measures, including sanitary reforms, vaccination and quarantine,[14]
4. The sometime fierce disputes that his publication provoked around the "McKeown thesis", have overshadowed his more
important and largely unchallenged argument that curative medicine measures played little role in mortality decline, not
only prior to the mid-20th century[12] but also until well into the 20th century.[15]
Although the McKeown thesis has been heavily disputed, recent studies have confirmed
the value of his ideas.[16] His work is pivotal for present day thinking about population
growth, birth control, public health and medical care. McKeown had a major influence on
many population researchers, such as health economists and Nobel prize winners Robert
W. Fogel (1993) and Angus Deaton (2015). The latter considered McKeown as "the
founder of social medicine".[17]

Population growth rate

The "population growth rate" is the rate at which the number of individuals in a
population increases in a given time period, expressed as a fraction of the initial
population. Specifically, population growth rate refers to the change in population over a
unit time period, often expressed as a percentage of the number of individuals in the
population at the beginning of that period. This can be written as the formula, valid for a
sufficiently small time interval:

World human population estimates from 1800

to 2100, with estimated range of future
population after 2020 based on "high" and
A positive growth rate indicates that the population is increasing, while a negative growth "low" scenarios. Data from the United Nations
rate indicates that the population is decreasing. A growth ratio of zero indicates that there projections in 2019 (https://population.un.org/w
were the same number of individuals at the beginning and end of the period—a growth pp/).
rate may be zero even when there are significant changes in the birth rates, death rates,
immigration rates, and age distribution between the two times.[18]
External video
A related measure is the net reproduction rate. In the absence of migration, a net reproduction rate Human Population Through
of more than 1 indicates that the population of females is increasing, while a net reproduction rate
Time (https://www.youtube.com/wat
less than one (sub-replacement fertility) indicates that the population of females is decreasing.
ch?v=PUwmA3Q0_OE&t=52s)
Most populations do not grow exponentially, rather they follow a logistic model. Once the
population has reached its carrying capacity, it will stabilize and the exponential curve will level
off towards the carrying capacity, which is usually when a population has depleted most its natural resources.[19]

Logistic equation

The growth of a population can often be modelled by the logistic equation[20]

The logistic growth of a population.

where

= the population after time t;

= time a population grows;
= the relative growth rate coefficient;
= the carrying capacity of the population; defined by ecologists as the maximum population size that a particular
environment can sustain.[19]

As it is a separable differential equation, the population may be solved explicitly, producing a logistic function:

where and is the initial population at time 0.

Human population growth rate

In 2017, the estimated annual growth rate was 1.1%.[21] The CIA World Factbook gives the External video
world annual birthrate, mortality rate, and growth rate as 1.86%, 0.78%, and 1.08% How Earth's Population
respectively.[22] The last 100 years have seen a massive fourfold increase in the population, due to Exploded (https://www.youtube.co
medical advances, lower mortality rates, and an increase in agricultural productivity[23] made m/watch?v=U7l8imwtMkY&list=PLnz
possible by the Green Revolution.
The annual increase in the number of living humans peaked at 88.0 million in 1989, then slowly NC5w1B_3VE2O468LD0HNe3x6SF
declined to 73.9 million in 2003, after which it rose again to 75.2 million in 2006. In 2017, the tpZo&index=10)
human population increased by 83 million.[21] Generally, developed nations have seen a decline
in their growth rates in recent decades, though annual growth rates remain
above 2% in poverty-stricken countries of the Middle East and Sub-Saharan
Africa, and also in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Latin America.[24]

In some countries the population is declining, especially in Eastern Europe,

mainly due to low fertility rates, high death rates and emigration. In Southern
Africa, growth is slowing due to the high number of AIDS-related deaths.
Some Western Europe countries might also experience population decline.[25]
Japan's population began decreasing in 2005.[26]

The United Nations Population Division projects world population to reach

11.2 billion by the end of the 21st century, but Sanjeev Sanyal has argued that A world map showing global variations in fertility rate per
global fertility will fall below the replacement rate in the 2020s and that world woman according to the CIA World Factbook's 2016 data
population will peak below 9 billion by 2050, followed by a long decline.[27] 7–8 5–6 3–4 1–2
A 2014 study in Science concludes that the global population will reach 11 children children children children
billion by 2100, with a 70% chance of continued growth into the 22nd 6–7 4–5 2–3 0–1
century.[28] children children children children

For further information regarding Human Population Growth, one could see
the works of Al Bartlett, Hans Rosling, John Lovelock, Paul R. Ehrlich as
well as Cleric Thomas Robert Malthus.

Growth by country
According to United Nations population statistics, the world population grew
by 30%, or 1.6 billion humans, between 1990 and 2010.[29] In number of
people the increase was highest in India (350 million) and China
(196 million). Population growth rate was among highest in the United Arab
Emirates (315%) and Qatar (271%).[29]

Estimates of population evolution in different continents

between 1950 and 2050 according to the United Nations.
The vertical axis is logarithmic and is in millions of people.

World population growth rates between 1950–2050

 Growth rates of the world's most populous countries
Estimated population
Population Population Growth (%)
Rank Country Growth (%) 2010–2018
1990 2010 2018[30] 1990–2010

World 5,306,425,000 6,895,889,000 7,503,828,180 30.0%

1 China 1,139,060,000 1,341,335,000 1,384,688,986 17.1% 3.23%
2 India 873,785,000 1,224,614,000 1,296,834,042 40.2% 5.90%
3 United States 253,339,000 310,384,000 329,256,465 22.5% 6.08%
4 Indonesia 184,346,000 239,871,000 262,787,403 30.1% 9.55%
5 Brazil 149,650,000 194,946,000 208,846,892 30.3% 7.13%
6 Pakistan 111,845,000 173,593,000 207,862,518 55.3% 19.74%
7 Nigeria 97,552,000 158,423,000 203,452,505 62.4% 28.42%
8 Bangladesh 105,256,000 148,692,000 159,453,001 41.3% 7.24%
9 Russia 148,244,000 142,958,000 142,122,776 -3.6% -0.58%
10 Japan 122,251,000 128,057,000 126,168,156 4.7% -1.48%

Many of the world's countries, including many in Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, South Asia and South East Asia, have seen a sharp
rise in population since the end of the Cold War. The fear is that high population numbers are putting further strain on natural resources,
food supplies, fuel supplies, employment, housing, etc. in some of the less fortunate countries. For example, the population of Chad has
ultimately grown from 6,279,921 in 1993 to 10,329,208 in 2009,[31] further straining its resources. Vietnam, Mexico, Nigeria, Egypt,
Ethiopia, and the DRC are witnessing a similar growth in population.

The following table gives some example countries:

 Total
Life population
Example 1967 expectancy growth
1990 population 1994 population 2002 population 2008 population
nation population in years from 1960s
(2008) to 2007-
2011

Eritrea* N/A* N/A* 3,437,000[32] 4,298,269 5,673,520[33] 61[34][34] 2,236,520

Ethiopia* 23,457,000*[35] 50,974,000* [36] 54,939,000[32] 67,673,031(2003) 79,221,000[37] 55[34] 55,764,000

38,114,160
Sudan 14,355,000†[35] 25,204,000† [36] 27,361,000†[32] 42,272,000†[33] 50†[34] 27,917,000
(2003)†
10,329,208
Chad 3,410,000[35] 5,679,000[36] 6,183,000[32] 9,253,493(2003) 47[34] 6,919,205
(2009)[31]

10,790,352 15,306,252
Niger 3,546,000[35] 7,732,000[36] 8,846,000[32] 44[34] 11,760,252
(2001) (2009)[38]

Nigeria 61,450,000[35] 88,500,000[36] 108,467,000[32] 129,934,911 158,259,000[33] 47[34] 96,809,000

Mali 4,745,000[35] 8,156,000[36] 10,462,000[32] 11,340,480 14,517,176(2010)[39] 50[34] 9,772,176

Mauritania 1,050,000[35] 2,025,000 [36] 2,211,000[32] 2,667,859 (2003) 3,291,000 (2009)[31] 54[34] 2,241,000

13,711,597
Senegal 3,607,000[35] 7,327,000[36] 8,102,000[32] 9,967,215 57[34] 10,104,597
(2009)[40]

Gambia 343,000[35] 861,000[36] 1,081,000[32] 1,367,124 (2000) 1,705,000[33] 55[34] 1,362,000

11,833,126 32,818,500
Algeria 25,012,000[36] 27,325,000 [32] 34,895,000[37][41] 74[34] 23,061,874
(1966)[35] (2003)

The 55,225,478
16,353,000[35] 35,562,000[36] 42,552,000[32] 70,916,439 [37][42] 54[34] 54,563,439
DRC/Zaire (2003)
30,083,419 70,712,345 79,089,650
Egypt 53,153,000[36] 58,326,000[32] 72[34] 49,006,231
(1966)[35] (2003) [37][43][43]

Réunion
(overseas
418,000[35] N/A[36] N/A[32] 720,934 (2003) 827,000 (2009) [33] N/A[34] 409,000
region of
France)
The Falkland
Islands
(British 2,500[35] N/A[36] N/A[32] 2,967 (2003) 3,140(2010)[44] N/A[34] 640
Overseas
Territory)

Chile 8,935,500[35] 13,173,000[36] 13,994,000[32] 15,116,435 17,224,200 (2011) 77[34] 8,288,700

45,925,397
Colombia 19,191,000[35] 32,987,000[36] 34,520,000[32] 41,088,227 73[34] 26,734,397
(2010)[45]

174,468,575 190,732,694 (2010)

Brazil 85,655,000[35] 150,368,000[36] 153,725,000[32] [46] 72[34] 105,077,694
(2000)

103,400,165 112,322,757
Mexico 45,671,000[35] 86,154,000[36] 93,008,000[32] 76[34] 66,651,757
(2000) (2010)[47]
476,727
Fiji 765,000[36] 771,000[32] 844,330 (2001) 849,000[41] (2010) 70[34] 372,273
(1966)[35]
6,050
Nauru 10,000[36] N/A[32] 12,329 9,322 (2011)[48] N/A[34] 3,272
(1966)[35]

Jamaica 1,876,000[35] 2,420,000[36] 2,429,000[32] 2,695,867 (2003) 2,847,232[49](2010) 74[34] 971,232

11,540,764 19,546,792 25,676,699[50]

Australia 17,086,000[36] 17,843,000[32] 82[34] 10,066,508
(1964)[35] (2003) (2010)
1,965,500 2,986,952 (July
Albania 3,250,000[36] 3,414,000[32] 3,510,484 78[34] 1,021,452
(1964)[35] 2010 est.)[31][51]

38,626,349 38,192,000
Poland 31,944,000[35] 38,180,000[36] 38,554,000[32] 75[34] 6,248,000
(2001) (2010)[52]

Hungary 10,212,000[35] 10,553,000[36] 10,261,000[32] 10,106,017 9,979,000 (2010)[53] 73[34] -142,000

8,226,564
Bulgaria 8,980,000[36] 8,443,000[32] 7,707,495(2000) 7,351,234 (2011)[54] 73[34] -875,330
(1965)[35]

United 55,068,000 62,008,048

57,411,000[36] 58,091,000[32] 58,789,194 79[34] 7,020,048
Kingdom (1966)[35] (2010)[55]
Ireland 2,884,002 3,503,000[36] 3,571,000[32] 3,840,838 (2000) 4,470,700[56] (2010) 78[34] 1,586,698
 (1966)[35]
People's 1,339,724,852
1,286,975,468
Republic of 720,000,000[35] 1,139,060,000[36] 1,208,841,000[32] 73[34] 619,724,852
(2004) (2010)[57]
China
98,274,961 127,420,000
Japan‡ 123,537,000[36] 124,961,000[32] 127,333,002 82[34] 28,123,865
(1965)[35] (2010)[58]
Ryukyu
Islands
(Once 934,176
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
occupied by (1965)[35]
the United
States)‡

1,028,610,328 1,210,193,422
India# 511,115,000[35] 843,931,000[36] 918,570,000[32] 69[34] 699,078,422
(2001) (2011)[59]
1,956,000 3,003,000 (1990) 82
Singapore 2,930,000 (1994)[32] 4,452,732 (2002) 5,076,700 (2010)[60] 3,120,700
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
183,000
Sikkim# N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
(1967)[35]
24,000 29,000 (1990)
Monaco N/A (1994)[32] 31,842 (2000) 35,586[61] (2010) (2008)[34] 11,586
(1967)[35] [36]

8,716,000 10,123,000 10,426,000 10,964,020 11,305,118 N/A

Greece 2,589,118
(1967)[35] (1990) [36] (1994)[32] (2001)[62] (2011)[63] (2008)[34]
Faroe
Islands 38,000 N/A
N/A (1990) [36] N/A (1994)[32] 46,345 (2000) 48,917 (2010) [64] 18,917
(Danish (1967)[35] (2008)[34]
dependency)
20,000 29,000 (1990)
Liechtenstein N/A (1994)[32] 33,307 (2000) 35,789 (2009)[65] (2008)[34] 15,789
(1967)[35] [36]

29,207,856 42,793,000 44,453,000 48,324,000 48,875,000 (2010)

South Korea (2008)[34] 19,667,144
(1966)[35] (1990) [36] (1994)[32] (2003) [66]

12,700,000 21,773,000 23,483,000 22,224,195 24,051,218

North Korea (2008)[34] 11,351,218
(1967)[35] (1990) [36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2010)[67]
107,200 266,000 (1990) 76
Brunei 280,000 (1994)[32] 332,844 (2001) 401,890 (2011)[68] 306,609
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
10,671,000 17,861,000 19,489,000 21,793,293 27,565,821
Malaysia (2008)[34] 16,894,821
(1967)[35] (1990) [36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2010)[69]
32,680,000 57,196,000 59,396,000 60,606,947 63,878,267
Thailand (2008)[34] 31,198,267
(1967)[35] (1990) [36] (1994)[32] (2000)[70] (2011)[71]
2,520,000 2,701,000 (1990) 3,727,703[72]
Lebanon 2,915,000 (1994)[32] 4,224,000[33] (2009) - (2008)[34]
(1967)[35] [36] (2003)
5,600,000 12,116,000 13,844,000 17,585,540 22,457,763
Syria -(2008)[34]
(1967)[35] (1990) [36] (1994)[32] (2003) (2011)[73]
182,00 503,000 (1990) 75
Bahrain 549,000 (1994)[32] 667,238 (2003) 1,234,596[74] (2010)
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
11,741,000 16,993,000 17,685,000 19,607,519 20,238,000[41]
Sri Lanka - (2008)[34]
(1967)[35] (1990) [36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2009)
6,050,000 6.712,000 (1990)
Switzerland 6,994,000 (1994)[32] 7,261,200 (2002) 7,866,500[75] (2010) - (2008)[34]
(1967)[35] [36]

335,000 381,000 (1990)

Luxembourg 401,000 (1994)[32] 439,539 (2001) 511,840 (2011)[76] - (2008)[34]
(1967)[35] [36]

19,105,056 23,200,000 22,736,000 21,680,974 21,466,174[77]

Romania - (2008)[34]
(1966)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2011)
Niue
(associated 1,900 N/A
N/A (1990)[36] N/A (1994)[32] 2,134 (2002) 1,398 (2009)[78] -502
state of New (1966)[35] (2008)[34]
Zealand)
Tokelau
(New 5,194 N/A
N/A (1990)[36] N/A (1994)[32] 1,445 (2001) 1,416 (2009) -3,778
Zealand (1966)[35] (2008)[34]
territory)
1,876,000 2,420,000 (1990) 74
Jamaica 2,429,000 (1994)[32] 2,695,867 (2003) 2,847,232[49] (2010) 971,232
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
 Argentina 32,031,000 32,322,000 34,180,000 37,812,817 40,091,359 (2010) 74 8,060,359
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2008)[34]
49,890,660 56,440,000 57,747,000 59,551,000 63,136,180 81
France
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2001) (2011)[79] (2008)[34]

Italy
52,334,000 57,662,000 57,193,000 56,995,744 60,605,053[80] 80
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2011) (2008)[34]
774,000 1,075,000 75
Mauritius 1,104,000 (1994)[32] 1,179,137 (2000) 1,288,000 (2009)[41] 514,000
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2008)[34]
4,717,000 9,197,000 10,322,000 12,974,361 70
Guatemala 13,276,517 (2009) 8,559,517
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2000) (2008)[34]
8,033,000 10,609,000 10,960,000 11,177,743 11,239,363 77
Cuba
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2009)[81] (2008)[34]
246,000 255,000 (1990) 73
Barbados 261,000 (1994)[32] 250,012 (2001) 284,589 (2010)[31] 18,589
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
131,377 164,000 (1990) N/A
Samoa 164,000 (1994)[32] 178,173 (2003) 179,000 (2009)[33]
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
7,765,981 8,559,000 (1990) 81
Sweden 8,794,000 (1994)[32] 8,920,705 (2002) 9,354,462 (2009)
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
4,664,000 4,986,000 (1990) N/A
Finland 5,095,000 (1994)[32] 5,175,783 (2002) 5,374,781 (2010)
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
9,440,000 10,525,000 10,355,824 10,647,763[82] N/A
Portugal 9,830,000 (1994)[32]
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2001) (2011) (2008)[34]
7,323,981 7,712,000 (1990) N/A
Austria 8,031,000 (1994)[32] 8,032,926 (2001) 8,404,252 (2011)
(1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]
1,738,000 4,545,000 77
Libya 5,225,000(1994)[32] 5,499,074 (2002) 6,420,000 (2009)[33]
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2008)[34]
12,385,000 21,550,000 27,949,639 70
Peru 23,080,000(1994)[32] 29,496,000 (2010)
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2002) (2008)[34]

Guinea 528,000 965,000 (1990) 48

1,050,000 (1994)[32] 1,345,479 (2002) 1,647,000[33] (2009)
Bissau (1967)[35] [36] (2008)[34]

Angola
5,203,066 10,020,000 10,674,000 10,766,500 18,498,000[41][83] 38
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2003) (2009) (2008)[34]

Equatorial 277,000 348,000 61

389,000 (1994)[32] 474,214 (2000) 676,000 (2009)[41]
Guinea (1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2008)[34]
2,505,000 4,736,000 59
Benin 5,246,000 (1994)[32] 8,500,500 (2002) 8,791,832 (2009)
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2008)[34]
2,770,000 4,139,000 56
Laos 4,742,000 (1994)[32] 5,635,967 (2002) 6,800,000[84] (2011)
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2008)[34]
10,500,000 18,961,000 21,360,000 25,284,463 29,331,000[41]
Nepal - (2008)[34]
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2009)
25,781,090 54,608,000 59,778,000 66,622,704 75,330,000 71
Iran 49,548,910
(1966)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2010)[85] (2008)[34]
20,014,880 26,603,000 31,081,900 32,623,490 81
Canada 29,248,000(1994)[32]
(1966)[35] (1990)[36] (2001) (2011)[86] (2008)[34]

United 199,118,000 249,995,000 281,421,906 308,745,538 78

260,650,00(1994)[32]
States (1967)[35] (1990)[36] (2000) (2010)[87] (2008)[34]
7,931,000 18,795,000 20,621,000 24,227,297 52
Uganda 32,369,558 (2009)
(1967)[35] (1990)[36] (1994)[32] (2002) (2008)[34]

Notes
* Eritrea left Ethiopia in 1991.
† Split into the nations of Sudan and South Sudan during 2011.
‡ Japan and the Ryukyu Islands merged in 1972.
# India and Sikkim merged in 1975.

Growth comparison between Africa and Europe

Population growth rates vary by world region, with the highest growth rates in Sub-Saharan Africa and the lowest in Europe. For example,
from 1950 to 2010, Sub-Saharan Africa grew over four and a half times, from about 186 million to 856 million. On the other hand, Europe
only increased by 35%, from 547 million in 1950 to 738 million in 2010. As a result of these varying population growths, Sub-Saharan
Africa changed from 7.4% of world population in 1950 to 12.4% in 2010, while Europe declined
from 22% to 11% in the same time period.[89] Population growth 1990–2012 (%)[88]
Africa 73.3%
Into the future Middle East 68.2%
Asia (excl. China) 42.8%
According to the UN's 2017 revision to its population projections, world population is projected
China 19.0%
to reach 11.2 billion by 2100 compared to 7.6 billion in 2017.[90][91] In 2011, Indian economist
Sanjeev Sanyal disputed the UN's figures and argued that birth rates will fall below replacement OECD Americas 27.9%
rates in the 2020s. According to his projections, population growth will be only sustained till the Non-OECD Americas 36.6%
2040s by rising longevity, but will peak below 9 bn by 2050.[27] Conversely, a 2014 paper by
demographers from several universities and the United Nations Population Division projected that OECD Europe 11.5%
the world's population would reach about 10.9 billion in 2100 and continue growing OECD Asia Oceania 11.1%
thereafter.[92] One of its authors, Adrian Raftery, a University of Washington professor of Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia -0.8%
statistics and of sociology, says "The consensus over the past 20 years or so was that world
population, which is currently around 7 billion, would go up to 9 billion and level off or
probably decline. We found there’s a 70 percent probability the world population will not
stabilize this century. Population, which had sort of fallen off the world’s agenda, remains a
very important issue."[93]

The German Foundation for World Population reported in December 2019 that the global
human population grows by 2.6 people every second, and could reach 8 billion by 2023.[94]

See also Nilkhet Mor in Dhaka by Nahid 02.

Bangladesh is one fo the most densely
An Essay on the Principle of Population populated countries in the world.
Human overpopulation
Human population planning
Anthropocene
Baby boom
Biological exponential growth
Demographic history
Demographic transition
Density dependence
Doubling time
Epidemiological transition Estimated size of human population from
Fertility factor (demography) 10,000 BCE to 2000 CE.

Irruptive growth
List of countries by population growth rate
Natalism and antinatalism
Population bottleneck
Population decline
Population dynamics
World population
World population estimates
World Scientists' Warning to Humanity
The majority of world population growth
References today is occurring in less developed
countries.
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External links
World Population Prospects (https://web.archive.org/web/20170711032459/https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.html),
Website of the United Nations Population Division
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ppp/index.html), Website of the United Nations Population Division
2008 Essays on Population Growth (https://archive.today/20071009065232/http://www.populationpress.org/publication/in
dex.html) Blue Planet United — Population Press
World population growth and trends 1950-2050 (https://web.archive.org/web/20100707175239/http://www.census.gov/ip
c/www/idb/worldpopinfo.php) US Census
World population: focus on youth (http://www.worldpopdata.org/chart), Annual World Population Data Sheet, Population
Reference Bureau
UN University annual "State of the Future" report, including updates on Millennium Project goals including balancing
global population growth & resources (https://web.archive.org/web/20060813212234/http://www.acunu.org/millennium/so
f2006.html)
The story of B. The Great Forgetting (http://inspireseattle.org/StoryOfB.html) (history and cause of population growth) by
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Tsirel, S. V. 2004. On the Possible Reasons for the Hyperexponential Growth of the Earth Population (https://web.archive.
org/web/20160304034147/http://www.mmsed.narod.ru/articles/artTsirel.ps). Mathematical Modeling of Social and
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"An Introduction to Population Growth" (https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/an-introduction-to-population-
growth-84225544/). Sunny B. Snider (College of Agriculture, California State University, Chico) & Jacob N. Brimlow
(College of Agriculture, California State University, Chico). Nature Education Library, 2013.
"Human Population Numbers as a Function of Food Supply" (http://www.oilcrash.com/articles/populatn.htm). Russell
Hopfenberg (1 Duke University, Durham, NC, USA;)* and David Pimentel (2 Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA).

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