Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 RELEVANT FRAME CONDITIONS 1

2.1 MAP OF THE PROJECT AREA 1

2.2 WATER SOURCE FOR THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM 1
2.2.1 RIVER BASIN AND SUB-BASIN 1
2.3 MAIN IRRIGATIONAL CANALS SUPPLYING THE SYSTEM 2
2.4 HYDROLOGICAL INFORMATION 2
2.4.1 DISCHARGE FIGURES OF THE RESOURCE 2
2.4.2 MEASUREMENTS 2
2.4.3 WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 3

3 TARGET AREA 4

3.1 POPULATION AND VILLAGES CONNECTED TO THE COMMAND AREA 4

3.2 AGRO-ECONOMIC FIGURES 4
3.2.1 CULTIVATION OF CROP WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON WHEAT 4
3.2.2 EMPLOYMENT FIGURES 4

4 DESCRIPTION OF THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM 5

4.1 PHYSICAL COMPONENTS 5

4.1.1 OVERVIEW MAP 5
4.1.2 INTAKE 5
4.1.3 MAIN CHANNEL – FOCUS OF THE PROJECT 5
4.1.4 SECONDARY CHANNELS CONNECTED TO MAIN CHANNEL 5
4.1.5 DISTRIBUTION STRUCTURES 5
4.1.6 MISCELLANEOUS SUPPORTING STRUCTURES 6
4.2 AGRICULTURE AND CULTIVATION 6
4.2.1 SIZE OF LAND AND TYPE OF CULTIVATION 6
4.2.2 CULTIVATION OVER THE YEAR & SEASONAL CALENDAR 1
4.3 DISTRIBUTION OF WATER TO THE FIELDS 1
4.3.1 WATER AVAILABILITY 1
4.3.2 CROP WATER REQUIREMENTS 1
[Link] Application of Water on Wheat Fields 1
4.3.3 IRRIGATION SCHEDULING 2
[Link] Soil Characteristic and Soil Tests 2
4.4 MANAGEMENT OF THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM 2
4.4.1 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 2
4.5 VALUE CHAIN WHEAT AND MARKETING OF THE PRODUCT 2

5 ANALYSIS OF ESIA CHECKLIST 2

6 SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3

6.1 ANALYSED PROBLEMS OF PHYSICAL COMPONENTS 3

6.2 ANALYSED PROBLEMS OF INSTITUTION O&M 3

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6.3 ANALYSED PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES 3
6.4 VALUE CHAIN WHEAT AND MARKETING OF PRODUCTS 3

7 ENGINEERING 3

7.1 DESIGN PARAMETER 3

7.2 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF STRUCTURES PROPOSED 4
7.3 ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS AND DIMENSIONING 4

8 COST ESTIMATION AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS 6

8.1 COSTS FOR THE INDIVIDUAL MEASURES 6

8.1.1 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 6

9 MISCELLANEOUS 7

10 ANNEXES 7

10.1 MAP OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM 7

10.2 MAP OF AGRICULTURAL AREA 7
10.3 CROPPING PATTERN, AGRICULTURAL CALENDAR 7
10.4 PICTURE DOCUMENTATION 7
10.5 STRUCTURE OF WUA/IA INCLUDING O&M WORKPLAN 7
10.6 ESIA CHECKLIST 7
10.7 UNIT RATES FOR COST ESTIMATION 7
10.8 DESIGN PARAMETER 7
10.9 DRAWINGS 7
10.10 TENTATIVE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 7

ii
1 Introduction
This should be an introduction to the project , the province, district, command area and
related agricultural area.
(NRM+ Engineering Team : Paragraph writing)

((For Example:

This Irrigation Project site is located in …(name of village, name of district, name of province)
… in Afghanistan. The nearest road head is located at …(name of village having road facility)
… and … km far from the intake site and it takes … hr to reach the site from the road head. It
is to be noted that the nearest agriculture service centre is located at …(name of market
center). This Scheme has…..(Hac) command area. The main crops
are………………………….

2 Relevant Frame Conditions

2.1 Map of the Project Area
The sketch of entire irrigation system is shown in drawing:

 Intake
 Main canal, secondary canal as a constant line
 Command area delineated connected to main canal, show sub-command areas
connected to the secondary canal
 Show all main structures, hydro-power, mills, etc. along the main canal proposed for
rehabilitation

This map could be produced in GIS with various layers (infrastructure layer, agricultural
layer, etc.), see also 4.1.1
(Engineering Team : Please Submit the photographs & Prepare Drawing) (Please see
Sample Annex 10.1)

2.2 Water Source for the Irrigation System

2.2.1 River Basin and sub-basin
A map of the source for the irrigation system, listing of the river basin, sub-basin, name of
river supplying the system
Collect information from the basin authorities, MAIL, MEW in terms of:

 Max. flow in river, canal

 Any information on the canal if part of a previous project

(NRM+ Engineering Team : Find Hydrological data from MAIL, MEW)

(For Example:
Water source of the proposed sub-projects is …(name of the river).. a perennial stream
originated from the local hill border. Its catchment area is about …. sq. km. The catchment
area is covered by hilly lands are fallow. The degradation tendency of the catchment is
moderate/high/low. Measured flow in the ..(Name of the river) at the intake site was ….
Lps/or m3/sec on …(measured date).

(Engineering Team : Prepare Drawing) (Please see Sample Annex 10.1)

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2.3 Main Irrigational canals supplying the system
If intake is located at the river itself, this chapter will not be necessary, otherwise some brief
descriptions of:

 Length
 Quantity available in the canal (max. / min.), on a big canal this figure should be
available with MEW / MAIL

Should be listed

(Engineering Team: Intake is located at the river itself)

2.4 Hydrological information

Rainfall, size of catchment area recharging the river (this will only be necessary if water in
the river is regarded as not being sufficient!!!)

(Engineering Team: If Intake is located at the river itself so need descriptions

otherwise need hydrological information)

2.4.1 Discharge Figures of the Resource

Name : (Name of river) River

Type : Perennial
High flood discharge (m3 /s) : Where is the figure from, cite data source
Minimum flow (m3 /s) : Where is the figure from, cite data source
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Measured flow (m /s) : : (Measured on …….)
Connected water level at the intake with respect to maximum flood level

We should try to get flows from MAIL, MEW

(Engineering Team: Please Fill the above Data) ( Also Please See the Sample Annex
10.1)

2.4.2 Measurements
Compare the results of two measurements methods

 Measure cross-sections
 Measure velocity using current meter
 Measure slope over a distance of 1 km, including cross-section and water level on
three locations (use manning-strickler for calculation of velocity

Get original cross-section, if available through previous projects (if existing).

Carry-out cross-section measurements, water level along the entire canal using appropriate
equipment with a distance of 200 m – 400 m.
(Engineering Team: Please Draw the cross section as shown in Annex 10.1, for three
different location above intake point in the river) (Submit the Photographs of flow
measurement)
For Example:
1) By Using Current meter:-

Q= AxV

2
Where, A= Cross sectional area of the river flow (As per drawing Annex 10.1)
V= Velocity of flow (obtained by using current meter)

Please show the calculation here

2) By Using Manning’s Equation:-

Q= AxV
Where, A= Cross sectional area of the river flow (As per drawing Annex 10.1)
V= Velocity of flow = 1/n x R2/3 x S1/2
R= A/P (Cross Sectional Area/Wetted perimeter)
S= Bed Slope of the river

Please show the calculation here

2.4.3 Water Resource Management

Assess upstream and downstream water right problems if existing. If a certain duty is
allocated to a canal and this duty is not exceeded, no problem will be expected. If water
extraction is significant as compared to the average flow in the river, canal, than it has to
be assessed whether the extraction will have a negative impact on systems downstream of
the intake.
(NRM+ Engineering Team : Please Write Paragraph About above contents)

3
3 Target Area
3.1 Population and Villages connected to the Command area
Villages and command area

Name of Command Area

No. Population No. of families
village [ha]
         
         
         
         

(NRM+ HID+Engineering Team : Please Fill this Table)

3.2 Agro-economic figures

3.2.1 Cultivation of Crop with Special Focus on Wheat
 Size of land which is used for cultivation of wheat and other crop, indicate it in the
map if only roughly, based on an A0 map plotted and brought to the field
 Ton of wheat harvested in one year in the command area
 Income generated for each agricultural product (see also sheet for
 What is done with the wheat, consumption, sold to retailers, retailers selling to whom,
market, millers, export

Amend this table for all agricultural products in the command area
Name of Village Command Area Wheat Utilization of wheat product
[ha] Production in
S.N.

Food Sold to Export (to)

one year (to) consumption local
(to) market (to)
             
             
             

(NRM+MERLU Team : Please Fill this Table)

3.2.2 Employment Figures

Whatever figures are available; i.e. total labour force in the district; percentage which have
employment; percentage which are working in the VCW

This is labour connected to the VCW, so labour for agriculture and connected works

(NRM Team : Please Calculate the Employment Figures )

4
4 Description of the Irrigation System

4.1 Physical components

4.1.1 Overview map

A complete map showing intake, all command area, head-end, mid-end, tail end; primary and
secondary channels, supporting structure, drainage, etc.
The map shall be based on GPS survey with hand-held

Overview map is shown in the drawing section

 Map showing all components of the system, main canal as a line, secondary
canal, main diversions to larger canals, location of main components
 Indicate areas:
 Water-logged areas
 Areas with rice, wheat, (if possible, roughly)
 Areas which is not or under-irrigated in years with low amount of available
water
(Engineering Team : Prepare Auto CADD drawings and indicate all the structural
location in google earth kmz file. Submit the Photographs) (Please See the sample
Annex 10.1 and Annex 10.6)

4.1.2 Intake

is shown in the drawing section / photo documentation, provide basic drawing

This should be a description of type of intake, elevations, status of intake, approach channel,
spill-way / flush-gate, etc.
Please use engineering terms to describe the condition of the system, not general adjectives
like good, bad, insufficient
(Engineering Team: Please Describe the situation of current intake or for proposed
intake, submit the Photographs) (Please See the sample Annex 10.1 and Annex 10.6)

And show the calculation of discharge trapped by the Intake

4.1.3 Main Channel – Focus of the Project

is shown in the drawing section, including all structures along the primary channel, diversion
to secondary channel, etc.
(Engineering Team: Please describe the situation of Main channel and submit the
Photographs) (Please See the sample Annex 10.1 and Annex 10.6)

4.1.4 Secondary Channels Connected to Main Channel

Depends whether it supplies a large enough sub-command area

Describing status, condition of embankment, cross-section over the entire length, registering
drops (if existing) were flow is hydraulically disconnected
is shown in the drawing section
(Engineering Team: Please Describe the situation of Secondary channel and submit
the Photographs) (Please See the sample Annex 10.1 and Annex 10.6)

5
4.1.5 Distribution structures
Cross-regulators, bifurcations, syphons, aqueduct,
Describe conditions, function, deficiencies resulting from design, material, construction
quality
is shown in the drawing section
(Engineering Team: Please describe the distribution structures and submit the
Photographs) (See the sample Annex 10.1 and Annex 10.6)

4.1.6 Miscellaneous Supporting Structures

culverts, access roads, protective structures

(Engineering Team: Please describe the distribution miscellaneous structure and
submit the Photographs) (Please See the sample Annex 10.1 and Annex 10.6)

4.2 Agriculture and cultivation

4.2.1 Size of land and type of cultivation
Size of connected land, size, ownership show in map

(Engineering Team : Prepare Auto CADD drawings for size of connected land ,
size, ownership and also indicate the size of land in google earth kmz file. Submit
the Photographs) (Please See the sample Annex 10.1 and Annex 10.6)

6
4.2.2 Cultivation over the year & seasonal calendar
What type of plants are cultivated over the year (rice, wheat, vegetable, areas with fruit trees; is crop rotations kept (different work-steps of
agriculture, sowing, planting, harvesting, etc.)

Area Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Crop
(ha) 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

Paddy                                                

Rainfed Paddy                                                
 
Wheat                                  

Maize                                  
 
Oilseed                                  
Pulses                                  

Potato                                  
                                               
                              `                

(NRM Team : Please prepare the above calendar ) (Also Please See the sample Annex 10.3)

1
4.3 Distribution of Water to the Fields
4.3.1 Water availability
How much water can be extracted through the intake, making calculations about the
theoretical conveyance capacity of the channel(s).
The measurement will be used.

The result should be compared with the existing duty of the canal (check MAIL, MEW if there
is a certain amount of water allocated for the canal; analysis should also take into account
how much water is required down-stream of the river / canal; this however provided the
amount of water extracted is significant in terms of the minimum amount available in the river
/ canal;
(Engineering+ NRM Team: Please repeat the calculation done in section 2.4.2 for
water extraction through the intake)

Write down the paragraph about effect on downstream side of river after water
extraction through the Intake)

4.3.2 Crop Water Requirements

Crop water requirement based on climate, temperature, evapotranspiration, type of crop

The details of water availability and crop water requirement, The detail regarding crop
coefficients and irrigation efficiency are presented in Appendix …. in excel sheet

The crop water requirement has to be increased with the losses in the system until the
farmgate (how much water is lost from the intake to the farm gate through evaporation,
infiltration, deep percolation in the field, so roots cannot access the water)
(NRM Team: Please submit the calculation of Crop Water Requirement (CWR)
including data of climate, temperature, evapotranspiration, type of crop; perform the
test for finding out infiltration & deep percolation) (Please see the Annex 10.3 for
sample calculation)
(Engineering Team: Please assist to NRM team to calculate the loss of water from
Intake to the farm gate, if there is the flow in existing canal, then measure the water
flow in several interval and find out decreased discharge)
[Link] Application of Water on Wheat Fields
Calculate the approximate quantity of water applied for wheat growing (cm / ha) over the
entire cropping period.
Quantity shall be calculated by assessing:

 Dimension of farm gate (maybe check different farm gates)

 Water level at the farm gate
 Time the gate is opened
 Assessing the approximate quantity which is flowing through the gate over time

This quantity shall be compared to the theoretical quantity necessary (crop water
requirement).
(NRM Team: Please submit the calculation of quantity of water applied for wheat
growing (cm / ha) over the entire cropping period) (Please see the Annex 10.3 for
sample calculation)

(Engineering Team: Please calculate the dimension of farm gates, water level at farm
gate, quantity of water flowing through the gate)

1
4.3.3 Irrigation Scheduling
How is water applied on the fields, depending on type of crop, type of soil; how does the
WUA, Mirab, farmers decide when, how long, how much water is conveyed through the
individual turn-outs, etc.

As per calculation of crop water requirement (Appendix…..) required in the field, the size of
outlet gates and distribution channels are designed (Shown in Drawing section). Define
irrigation schedules based on:
 Crop water requirements
 Field capacity (soil structure, soil texture)
 Permanent wilting point of the specific crop

(NRM Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

[Link] Soil Characteristic and Soil Tests

Components of soil, percentage of sand, clay, silt

The quality of soil, components of soil, percentage of sand, clay, silt etc can be found out soil
test; tests could be made in various locations in the command area i.e. 1 km distance

(NRM Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

4.4 Management of the Irrigation system

4.4.1 Operation and maintenance

Which persons, doing what type of maintenance on which part of the system how often over
the years, how is this regulated and managed; what resources are available (equipment,
material, human resources)

The data collection shall result in an O&M plan as an excel gantt chart showing activities,
periods and resources involved.

(NRM+HID Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

1.1 Value Chain Wheat and Marketing of the Product

 What is done with the wheat, consumption, sold to retailers, retailers selling to whom,
market, millers, export
 Variations of wheat prices over the year
 Any other measures which is problematic for wheat / agricultural production (access
roads, storage)

(NRM+MERLU Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

2 Analysis of ESIA checklist

The checklist which is listed in the annex has to be shortly analysed in this chapter. Is a
ESMP necessary?

(NRM + MERLU Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

2
5 System Analysis
5.1 Analysed problems of physical components
Self-explanatory, i.e.
is the intake designed to divert sufficient water, reliably into the canal?
Is there any design structure which reduces inflow of sediments, allows a routinely flushing of
sediments
too many sediments are conveyed into the system,
canals need to be lined,
turn-outs gated, syphon needed;
can distribution be optimised;
can sediment intrusion be reduced.

However, it should be clearly stated WHY this is proposed and what the assumed benefits
would be; any investments need to be justified and rated against their cost-benefit;

There is no remarkable problem exist in proposed location of diversion weir and foundation
of head regulator. At the intake site, there is presence of some big boulder. It is to be noted
that there is no chances of land slide at the intake site.
(Engineering Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents with Photographs)

5.2 Analysed problems of Institution O&M

Self-explanatory, i.e. too little resources, not well organised, too hierarchical

There is no problem if Operation and maintenance. The management of O & M is explained

in section 4.4.1
(NRM+ MERLU Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

5.3 Analysed problems of agricultural practices

Water allocation; water quantity not optimised for the individual fields; is water application
based on infiltration rate of the soil

Considering the basis of crop water requirement (with consideration of infiltration rate), there
is sufficient water quantity at the intake point. So, by improving the canal section and canal
alignment (with seepage controlled by lined canal and other structures) there will be sufficient
water for the individual fields for optimum yield.

(NRM+ MERLU Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

5.4 Value Chain Wheat and Marketing of Products

List potential measures for EIDA III, including a basic description.

(NRM+ MERLU Team: Please write the paragraph for above contents)

6 Engineering
6.1 Design parameter
Definition of all parameter which will influence dimensioning of structures:
 Roughness factors of canals (Eng)
 Formula to calculate flow in channels(Eng)
 Quantity delivered through turn-outs
 Forces on retaining walls (soil parameter, water pressure) (Eng)
3
  Scour depth (Eng)
 Rates for water requirements of individual crop (NRM Team ANNEX10.3)
 Evapotranspiration and all connected values (NRM Team ANNEX10.3)
 Freeboard for channels (Eng)
 Losses in the irrigation system, conveyance efficiency, distribution efficiency (See
ANNEX 10.3, CWR both Eng + NRM Team),

(Engineering Team: Please Prepare the design assumption and calculation,

also see the ANNEX 10.8)

Depending on the relevant engineering calculations

6.2 Conceptual Design of Structures Proposed

Existing Situation of Source and Canal Alignment

Chainage Existing Proposed Structure Justification

situation
0+000 …………… ……………………. ………………………………..
0+100 …………… ……………………. ………………………………..
0+150 …………… ……………………. ………………………………..

The drawings (roughly) are submitted (Appendix…) for visual presentation of the proposed
structures on preliminary design level
(Engineering Team: Please Prepare the above Table)

6.3 Engineering Calculations and Dimensioning

Dimensioning of all components which are proposed for construction:

 Weirs require complex engineering calculations and dimensioning

 Protection wall must be dimensioned according to type of material (bricks, stone
masonry, concrete) soil pressure and water level in the soil
 Scour depth to be calculated if necessary

4
  Diversion structures must distribute the water according to the relevant command
area connected to the secondary canal
 Removal of sediments should be approximately quantified (as a result of the cross-
sections measured over the length of the canal)

(Engineering Team: Please Prepare the design assumption and calculation,

also see the ANNEX 10.8)

5
7 Cost estimation and financial analysis
7.1 Costs for the individual measures
Cost Estimation for each structure and Total Cost Estimation

Amount,
S.N.
Description Unit Quantity Rate, USD USD Remarks
1 Head Work          
1.1 Site Clearance Ls  
1.2 Earthwork Excavation Cum  
1.3 Earthwork Filling Cum  
1.4 Stone Soling Sqm  
1.5 Stone Masonry -1:5 Cum  
1.6 PCC([Link]) Cum  
1.7 Gabion Work Cum  
 Sub Total of 1
2 Canal Alignment          
2.1 Site Clearance Ls
2.2 Earth Excavation Cum
Earth Backfilling - 20% of earth
2.3 cutting Cum
2.4 Stone Soling Sqm
2.5 Stone Masonry Cum
2.6 RCC Canal  
2.7 PCC([Link]) Cum
2.8 Reinforcement Mt
2.9 Plaster (1:4) Sqm
2.10 Gabion Work Cum

 3  Other Structures          

 
 Total of 1+2+3=
(Engineering Team: Please Prepare the Detailed Estimation, also see the Sample
ANNEX 10.7)

7.1.1 Cost Benefit Analysis

Comparing investment measures analysed with potential benefits for agricultural production.
In exceptional cases measures might support sustainability of the irrigation system and its
components however the threat has to be immediate.

Benefits must be clearly expressed in ADDITIONAL TON OF AGRICULTURAL

PRODUCTION ESPECIALLY WHEAT; the additional harvest should be permanent and not
just temporary;

EIRR, Sensitivity analysis, cost Benefit analysis should be done by other department
(NRM Team: Please Prepare the above content)

6
8 Miscellaneous
Whatever is worth mentioning or additional findings (maybe additional measures for EIDA III)
through the survey

(NRM+MERLU+Engineering Team: If there is some additional finding please mention)

9 Annexes
2.1 Map of Irrigation System (Eng)
9.1 Map of Agricultural Area (Eng)
2.2 Cropping pattern, agricultural calendar (NRM+MERLU)
10.3.a Crop water requirement (NRM )
9.2 Picture documentation (Eng+NRM+MERLU)
2.3 Structure of WUA/IA including O&M workplan (NRM+MERLU)
2.4 ESIA checklist (NRM+MERLU)
2.5 Unit rates for cost estimation (Eng)
2.6 Design parameter (Eng)
2.7 Drawings (Eng)
2.8 Tentative implementation plan (NRM+ENG+MERLU Team: Please
prepare this plan)