Ii. Lte Architecture: Training Period Report

Training Period Report Tuần 01
SVTT: Nguyễn Thị Phương Hoa (08/06 – 12/06)

II. LTE ARCHITECTURE
1. Evolution
LTE stands for Long Term Evolution. The LTE project was initiated in November 2004
and the focus was on enhancing the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and
optimizing the 3GPP’s radio access architecture (starts from 3GPP release 8)
2. Motivation
Source: WWW.gsacom.com, R&S
 Mobile data services worldwide

 Mobile data traffic is growing exponentially
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 LTE – long term evolution is accecpted worldwide as the long term evolution
pespective for today’s 2G. 3G networks based on WCDMA/ HSPA. GSM/EDGE. TD-
SCDMA. CDMA2000 techmologies
3. Key objectives
 Flexible transmission bw (up to 20 MHz)
 UL:
- Peak data rate: 50Mbps | 1 transmit antenna – UE
- Average spectrum efficiency : 2-3 times # release 6 HSUPA
 DL:
- Peak data rate: 100Mbps | 2 recieve antenna – UE
- Average spectrum efficiency: 3-4 times # release 6 HSDPA
 RTT (Round-trip time) <10ms = Tsend + Trecieve + Tpropagation
4. LTE Architecture
 3 entities:
- Access Network (PDN – Packet Data Network): Internet, servers, …
- Core Network (EPC – Evolved Packet Core)
- E-UTRAN (Evolved UTRAN): a radio access network
 A flat architecture(???) => minmises the number of network elements (what???)
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EPS is divided into two parts - LTE part which deals with the technology related to a radio
access network (E-UTRAN) and EPC part which deals with the technology related to a core
network. An E2E all IP network means that all traffic flows – from a UE all the way to a PDN
which connects to a service entity – are transferred based on IP protocol within EPS
PDN gateway: Packet data network (PDN) gateway. The PDN gateway connects UEs to an
external PDN.
Table 1. LTE entities
Entity Description
UE A UE connects to an eNB over the LTE-Uu interface. On 3G
and 4G networks, UEs include mobile phones, smart
terminals, multimedia devices, and streaming devices.
eNB An eNB provides users with the radio interfaces & performs
Radio Resource Management (RRM) functions such as
dynamic resource allocation (scheduler), eNB measurement
configuration and provision, radio admission control,
connection mobility control and Radio Bearer (RB) control
and Inter-Cell Interference Coordication (ICIC) (???)
Table2. EPC Entities
Entity Description
MME (Serving Mobility Management Entity: main control entity for the E-
Gateway) UTRAN
Main function: connect, control plane signalling (???)
S-GW An S-GW terminates the interface towards an E-UTRAN. It
serves as the local mobility anchor point of data connections
for inter-eNB handover and inter-3GPP handover.
Serving gateway (SGW).
The SGW routes and forwards data packets and manages
user mobility as well as mobility between LTE and other 3GPP
technologies.
P-GW A P-GW provides a UE with access to a PDN by assigning an IP

address from the address space of the PDN; mobility anchor
point for handover between 3GPP & non - 3GPP, …
HSS A central DB where user profiles are stored. It provides user
authentication information and user profiles to the MME
PCRF A PCRF is the policy and charging control entity. It makes
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policy decisions for SDFs (?) and provides the PCC rules to the
PCEF (P-GW)
SPR A SPR provides subscription information (access profile/
subscribers) to the PCRF
OCS An OCS provide (i) real-time credit control and (ii) charging
function based on volume, time, event
OFCS An OFCS provides CDR-based charging information
Table3: LTE PHY Interfaces
Reference Protocol Description

point
LTE -Uu E-TRAN (control plane & Air- interface connection between the
user plane) UE and the eNode B, make use of the Uu
interface whenever they transmit &
receive
X2 X2-AP (control plane) Allows both signalling (X2 –CP) and data
GTP-U (user plane) (X2 –UP) to be transfered between
neighbouring eNodeB
S1 S1-MME ( S1- AP) Connects an eNodeB to EPC. Both
S1-UP (GTP-U) signalling (S1-MME) & data (S1-UP) to
be transferred between EPC & E-UTRAN
** Both X2 and S1 interfaces are based upon IP

Ii. Lte Architecture: Training Period Report

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Ii. Lte Architecture: Training Period Report

Uploaded by

Training Period Report Tuần 01

SVTT: Nguyễn Thị Phương Hoa (08/06 – 12/06)

Source: WWW.gsacom.com, R&S

 Mobile data services worldwide

 A flat architecture(???) => minmises the number of network elements (what???)

Table 1. LTE entities

Table2. EPC Entities

P-GW A P-GW provides a UE with access to a PDN by assigning an IP

Table3: LTE PHY Interfaces

Reference Protocol Description

** Both X2 and S1 interfaces are based upon IP

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